An integrated device for dynamic balance detection and laser drilling correction of crankshafts

Abstract

The present invention discloses an integrated device for dynamic balancing detection and laser drilling correction for a crankshaft, comprising a dynamic balancing frame, on which a dynamic balancing detection device and a laser drilling correction device are arranged. The laser drilling correction device comprises a laser, a first screw and a second screw, both of which are fixed on the dynamic balancing frame, a 60° conical annular reflector is arranged on the first screw, a movable reflector bracket is arranged on the second screw, a 150° light blocking ring, an 8° reflector and a second motor are arranged on the top of the reflector bracket, and the second motor drives the 8° reflector to rotate. The integrated device proposes an integrated device for dynamic balancing detection and laser drilling correction for a crankshaft, and the integrated detection and processing of the dynamic balancing of the crankshaft is realized by using the dynamic balancing detection device and the laser drilling correction device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a crankshaft detection tool, more specifically, to an integrated device for dynamic balance detection and laser drilling correction of a crankshaft. Background Art

[0002] The crankshaft is one of the key parts in the internal combustion engine. It is also one of the most difficult workpieces to process in the internal combustion engine. The crankshaft in the engine converts the reciprocating motion of the piston connecting rod into rotational motion. It will constantly bear great bending stress and torsional stress during the working process, and the stress conditions are extremely complex. With the development of the automobile industry, the production of crankshafts for engines in my country has been greatly developed, and the total amount has reached a considerable scale. Whether it is the design level, or the product variety, quality, production scale, and production method, there has been great development. The crankshaft is an important component in the engine that bears load and transmits power. It is also the most difficult component to ensure the processing quality among the five major components of the engine. Its performance and level directly affect the performance level and reliability of the whole machine. Therefore, all industrially developed countries attach great importance to the production of crankshafts, and constantly improve their materials and processing methods to improve their performance level and meet the needs of the engine industry. In recent years, the overall level of manufacturers specializing in the production of crankshafts for internal combustion engines in my country has been greatly improved by introducing foreign technology and developing new technologies on their own. However, my country's technical level is still far behind the world's advanced level, and it cannot even meet the needs of the development of our domestic internal combustion engine industry technology. With the current high-power, high-torque, and high-speed design of engines, people have higher and higher requirements on the performance indicators of crankshafts, requiring them to be able to work smoothly and reliably under high-speed operating conditions, so there are higher requirements on the design of crankshafts.

[0003] Crankshaft vibration will increase the load on the bearings, increase power consumption, increase noise during operation, and loosen parts from the assembly, causing fatigue failure and other problems, ultimately reducing the service life of the engine. Since the vibration of the rotating parts is proportional to the square of its speed, and the crankshaft is a high-speed rotating part in the engine, it is particularly important to control its imbalance. The imbalance of the crankshaft has a great impact on the vibration, running stability and life of the engine. However, the design of dynamic balancing machines on the market is generally not accurate and efficient, and there are certain limitations in the detection and correction of crankshaft dynamic balance.

[0004] Laser drilling is the earliest high-precision laser processing technology to be put into practical use, and it is also one of the main application areas of laser processing. With the rapid development of modern industry and science and technology, more and more materials with high hardness and high melting point are used, and traditional processing methods can no longer meet certain process requirements. This type of processing task is difficult or even impossible with conventional mechanical processing methods, but it is not difficult to achieve with laser drilling. The laser beam is highly concentrated in space and time. By focusing with a lens, the spot diameter can be reduced to the micron level to obtain a laser power density of 105-1015W / cm2. Such a high power density can be used to perform laser drilling on almost any material, and compared with other conventional drilling methods such as mechanical drilling and electrospark machining, it has the following significant advantages: 1) Laser drilling is fast, efficient, and economical. Since laser drilling uses a high-energy laser beam with a power density of 107-109W / cm2 to act on the material instantaneously, and the action time is only 10-3-10-5s, the laser drilling speed is very fast. By combining high-performance lasers with machine tools and control systems and controlling programs through microprocessors, high-efficiency drilling can be achieved. Compared with electric spark drilling and mechanical drilling, laser drilling on different workpieces is 10-1000 times more efficient.

[0005] The Chinese invention patent with application number 200810196570.7 discloses a method and a special device for cutting a rotor using a dynamic balancing machine, which includes adjusting the roller frames at two supporting points on the dynamic balancing machine to the same height, placing the rotor on the roller frames at two supporting points of the dynamic balancing machine, supporting the two ends of the rotor with the top frames at both ends of the dynamic balancing machine, and pressing the rotor with the clamping frame of the dynamic balancing machine, using the ring belt of the dynamic balancing machine as a device to drive the rotor to rotate; fixing the fixed frame on which the processing lathe is placed with the bed of the dynamic balancing machine, and cutting the rotor by the processing lathe. The present invention is easy to process and easy to operate, and can save the process of disassembling and assembling the impeller. However, the device lacks precision control, and it is difficult to achieve the deweighting of the processing lathe and the detection coupling of the dynamic balancing machine, and it is also difficult to grasp the deweighting amount.

[0006] The Chinese invention patent with application number 201510102659.2 discloses a five-station motor rotor balancing machine, which realizes automated balancing detection and cutting and de-weighting, improves processing efficiency, and has good processing stability. However, the overall structure of the balancing machine is relatively complex, the processing cost is high, and the overall volume is large, occupying more space. At the same time, the detection and cutting and de-weighting devices of the balancing machine do not have any adjustment mechanism for different sizes of different models of products, which means that it can only process a specific product and has poor compatibility. In addition, its processing steps are relatively complicated, resulting in low processing efficiency.

[0007] The Chinese invention patent with application number 201410754790.2 discloses a two-station rotor drilling and de-weighting fully automatic balancing machine, including a frame, a balancing measurement and positioning mechanism, a drilling mechanism, a mechanical rotating arm, an angle mechanism and a pressing and reversing mechanism, which can meet the processing needs of various products and has strong compatibility. In addition, the mechanical rotating arm and the pressing and reversing mechanism ensure that the product processing station conversion is faster. However, the method of relying on detection-relocation-de-weighting-re-detection is relatively cumbersome, and the processing accuracy and efficiency are not high. Summary of the invention

[0008] The present invention mainly solves the technical problems existing in the prior art, thereby providing an integrated device for dynamic balance detection and laser drilling correction of a crankshaft.

[0009] The above technical problems of the present invention are mainly solved by the following technical solutions:

[0010] A device for integrating dynamic balancing detection and laser drilling correction for a crankshaft comprises a dynamic balancing frame, on which a dynamic balancing detection device and a laser drilling correction device are arranged.

[0011] The dynamic balancing detection device comprises a guide rail, a movable motor bracket is arranged on the guide rail, a first motor and a coupling are arranged on the top of the motor bracket, the coupling is connected to a crankshaft and drives the crankshaft to rotate, a movable left bearing seat and a movable right bearing seat are also arranged on the guide rail, the left bearing seat and the right bearing seat are used to support the crankshaft, the top of the left bearing seat and the right bearing seat are each provided with a hinged bearing seat upper cover plate, a vibration sensor is arranged on the bearing seat upper cover plate, a photoelectric sensor is arranged on the right bearing seat, and a handle is arranged on the side of the right bearing seat.

[0012] The laser drilling correction device comprises a laser, a first screw and a second screw, the first screw and the second screw are both fixed on the dynamic balancing frame, the first screw is provided with a 60° conical annular reflector, the second screw is provided with a movable reflector bracket, the top of the reflector bracket is provided with a 150° light blocking ring, an 8° reflector and a second motor, and the second motor drives the 8° reflector to rotate.

[0013] The integrated device for dynamic balance detection and laser drilling correction of a crankshaft of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0014] 1) The integrated device proposes an integrated device for dynamic balancing detection and laser drilling correction of crankshafts, and realizes the integrated detection and processing of crankshaft dynamic balancing by using the dynamic balancing detection device and the laser drilling correction device.

[0015] 2) The integrated device controls the synchronous movement of the rotatable optical path and the rotating crankshaft through computer signals, and uses a laser punching device for correction during detection. Compared with the traditional integrated device, it proposes a new idea and has certain feasibility.

[0016] 3) The processing flow is fully automated, which reduces manpower waste, improves work efficiency, ensures the user's own safety, and improves the accuracy of parts processing. The overall economy, safety, work efficiency, accuracy and practicality are high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the dynamic balance detection device in the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the light blocking ring of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the rotatable optical path in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making a clearer and more definite definition of the protection scope of the present invention.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a dynamic balancing detection and laser drilling correction integrated device for a crankshaft comprises a dynamic balancing frame 1 on which a dynamic balancing detection device and a laser drilling correction device are arranged.

[0024] The dynamic balancing detection device includes a guide rail 9, on which a movable motor bracket 13 is provided, and a first motor 14 and a coupling 12 are provided on the top of the motor bracket 13. The coupling 12 is connected to a crankshaft 6 and drives the crankshaft 6 to rotate. A movable left bearing seat 11 and a movable right bearing seat 7 are also provided on the guide rail 9. The left bearing seat 11 and the right bearing seat 7 are used to support the crankshaft 6. The tops of the left bearing seat 11 and the right bearing seat 7 are both provided with a hinged bearing seat upper cover plate 4, and a vibration sensor 3 is provided on the bearing seat upper cover plate 4. The right bearing seat 7 is provided with a photoelectric sensor 8, and the side of the right bearing seat 7 is provided with a handle 10.

[0025] The laser drilling correction device includes a laser 20, a first lead screw 5 and a second lead screw 17, the first lead screw 5 and the second lead screw 17 are both fixed on the dynamic balancing frame 1, the first lead screw 5 is provided with a 60° conical annular reflector 2, the second lead screw 17 is provided with a movable reflector bracket 15, the top of the reflector bracket 15 is provided with a 150° light blocking ring 18, an 8° reflector 19 and a second motor 16, the second motor 16 drives the 8° reflector 19 to rotate.

[0026] The working mode of the integrated device for dynamic balancing detection and laser drilling correction of crankshafts is introduced below.

[0027] Before clamping, the bearing needs to be pre-installed on the crankshaft 6, and a reflective mark is applied on the right end of the crankshaft 6 as a marker so that the photoelectric sensor 8 can collect the rotation speed and phase information.

[0028] After the pre-installation is completed, first pull down the handle 10, open the bearing seat cover 4, move the pre-installed crankshaft 6 from the right side to between the right bearing seat 7 and the left bearing seat 11, close the left and right bearing seat covers 4, and close the handle 10 to tighten and fix. Then, start the first motor 14, the speed is 1000r / min, after the speed reaches and stabilizes for a period of time, the vibration sensor 3 will collect the vibration signal, the photoelectric sensor 8 will collect the speed information and phase information of the crankshaft 6, the signals collected by each sensor are input into the computer for analysis, and the size and phase of the unbalanced mass are obtained. The two balancing planes are respectively set on the planes where the centers of the two balancing blocks are located, and the phase and size of the weight loss are calculated according to the double-plane dynamic balancing formula. The computer 21 feeds back the control signal to the first screw 5, the second screw 17, and the second motor 16, and the first screw 5 and the second screw 17 move the 60° conical annular reflector 2 to the balancing plane to be corrected, and the first screw 5 will move synchronously to keep the distance between the 8° reflector 19 and the 60° conical annular reflector 2 unchanged. After that, after receiving the control signal, the second motor 16 will control the rotation speed of the 8° reflector 19 to be stable at 1000r / min, so as to realize synchronous rotation with the crankshaft 6, and the relative phase of the 8° reflector 19 and the crankshaft 6 after synchronization will also be controlled by the computer to ensure that the laser is accurately and stably irradiated at the position where weight reduction is required. Finally, the laser 20 is turned on to start weight reduction, and the computer detects the dynamic imbalance in real time to complete the dynamic balance correction.

[0029] The whole process is basically fully automated, and compared with the traditional dynamic balancing machine that first detects and then stops for cutting, the present invention can realize the simultaneous processing of dynamic balancing detection and laser drilling correction, reducing the time of stopping for weight loss and then restarting the detection, shortening the dynamic balancing time, and improving the processing efficiency. Since the other processes are fully automated, the safety, work efficiency, accuracy and practicality of the dynamic balancing machine are improved.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the integrated device are:

[0031] 1) The integrated device proposes an integrated device for dynamic balancing detection and laser drilling correction of crankshafts, and realizes the integrated detection and processing of crankshaft dynamic balancing by using the dynamic balancing detection device and the laser drilling correction device.

[0032] 2) The integrated device controls the synchronous movement of the rotatable optical path and the rotating crankshaft through computer signals, and uses a laser punching device for correction during detection. Compared with the traditional integrated device, it proposes a new idea and has certain feasibility.

[0033] 3) The processing flow is fully automated, which reduces manpower waste, improves work efficiency, ensures the user's own safety, and improves the accuracy of parts processing. The overall economy, safety, work efficiency, accuracy and practicality are high.

[0034] Without limitation to this, any changes or substitutions that are not conceived through creative work should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. An integrated device for dynamic balancing detection and laser drilling correction of a crankshaft, comprising a dynamic balancing frame (1), characterized in that: The dynamic balancing frame (1) is provided with a dynamic balancing detection device and a laser drilling correction device. The dynamic balancing detection device comprises a guide rail (9), a movable motor bracket (13) is provided on the guide rail (9), a first motor (14) and a coupling (12) are provided on the top of the motor bracket (13), the coupling (12) is connected to a crankshaft (6) and drives the crankshaft (6) to rotate, a movable left bearing seat (11) and a movable right bearing seat (7) are also provided on the guide rail (9), the left bearing seat (11) and the right bearing seat (7) are used to support the crankshaft (6), the top of the left bearing seat (11) and the right bearing seat (7) are each provided with a hinged bearing seat upper cover plate (4), a vibration sensor (3) is provided on the bearing seat upper cover plate (4), a photoelectric sensor (8) is provided on the right bearing seat (7), and a handle (10) is provided on the side of the right bearing seat (7). The laser drilling correction device comprises a laser (20), a first screw (5) and a second screw (17), wherein the first screw (5) and the second screw (17) are both fixed on the dynamic balancing frame (1), the first screw (5) is provided with a 60° conical annular reflector (2), the second screw (17) is provided with a movable reflector bracket (15), the top of the reflector bracket (15) is provided with a 150° light blocking ring (18), an 8° reflector (19) and a second motor (16), and the second motor (16) drives the 8° reflector (19) to rotate.

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