Low temperature pressure vessel and gas adsorption device thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a low-temperature pressure vessel and a gas adsorption device thereof. The gas adsorption device comprises a bottom plate and a top cover arranged at intervals, a plurality of guide rods connecting the bottom plate and the top cover, and a multi-layer adsorption assembly located between the bottom plate and the top cover; the plurality of guide rods are enclosed to form a containing space, and the multi-layer adsorption assembly is stacked in sequence along the length direction of the guide rods in the containing space; the adsorption assembly comprises a shell and a support tray arranged in the shell for supporting an adsorbent, the top of the shell is open, and a plurality of vents are arranged on the periphery and the bottom. The gas adsorption device is provided with a multi-layer adsorption assembly, so that the gas adsorption device can not only carry more adsorbent, but also adsorb more gas, and the adsorbent can be evenly spread on the support tray to increase the contact area between the adsorbent and the interlayer space, thereby better adsorbing gas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cryogenic pressure vessels, and in particular to a cryogenic pressure vessel and a gas adsorption device thereof. Background Art

[0002] High vacuum multilayer insulation, also known as "super insulation", is one of the insulation methods widely used in cryogenic pressure vessels. Cryogenic pressure vessels include an outer tank, an inner tank and an insulating interlayer. There is a gap between the outer tank and the inner tank to form an interlayer space, and interlayer materials are arranged in the interlayer space to form an insulating interlayer. The vacuum degree of the insulating interlayer is a key factor in ensuring the insulation performance of the vacuum insulated cryogenic container. In order to achieve good insulation, the vacuum degree of the interlayer is generally required to be above l×l0-2Pa. The degassing of the interlayer material and the leakage of the inner and outer tanks will cause the vacuum degree of the interlayer to gradually decrease, thereby affecting the insulation performance of the container.

[0003] At present, the gas in the insulation interlayer of the low-temperature pressure vessel can be adsorbed by bamboo charcoal bags, but the adsorption effect of the bamboo charcoal bags is poor. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a low-temperature pressure vessel and a gas adsorption device thereof with better adsorption effect, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a gas adsorption device for a low-temperature pressure vessel, comprising a base plate and a top cover arranged at intervals, a plurality of guide rods connecting the base plate and the top cover, and a multi-layer adsorption assembly located between the base plate and the top cover; the plurality of guide rods are enclosed to form an accommodating space, and the multi-layer adsorption assemblies are stacked in sequence in the accommodating space along the length direction of the guide rods; the adsorption assembly comprises a shell and a supporting tray arranged in the shell for supporting an adsorbent, the top of the shell is open, and a plurality of ventilation holes are provided on the periphery and the bottom.

[0006] In one embodiment, the adsorption assembly is detachably connected to the bottom plate, the adsorption assembly is detachably connected to the top cover, the adsorption assembly is detachably connected to the guide rod, and the shells of any two adjacent adsorption assemblies are detachably connected.

[0007] In one embodiment, the inner surface of each guide rod is provided with a guide groove; the outer periphery of the shell is provided with a plurality of protrusions, and the plurality of protrusions are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of guide grooves, so that the shell slides along the length direction of the guide rod.

[0008] In one embodiment, the top cover includes a top plate and a clamping ring, the top plate is fixedly connected to the guide rod, a first top opening is opened in the middle of the top plate, the clamping ring is arranged at the first top opening and has an interference fit with the top plate, and the bottom of the clamping ring abuts against the shell located at the top; a second top opening is opened in the middle of the clamping ring, and the second top opening is communicated with the first top opening.

[0009] In one embodiment, the receiving tray is located at the bottom of the shell, and there is a height difference between the vent holes on the outer periphery of the shell and the receiving tray.

[0010] In one embodiment, the shell includes an adsorbent cylinder and a vent cylinder located above the adsorbent cylinder; the adsorbent cylinder is closed on the sides, open on the top, and provided with the vent hole at the bottom, and the supporting tray is located inside the adsorbent cylinder; the vent cylinder is open on the top, and the vent holes are provided on the bottom and the outer periphery of the vent cylinder.

[0011] In one embodiment, the tray is mesh-shaped; the tray is made of molybdenum.

[0012] In one embodiment, the top cover, the bottom plate, the guide rod and the shell are all made of austenitic stainless steel; a bottom opening is provided in the middle of the bottom plate, and the bottom opening is located below the supporting tray.

[0013] The present invention also provides a low-temperature pressure vessel, comprising an outer tank, an inner tank and at least one gas adsorption device as described above; there is a gap between the outer tank and the inner tank to form an interlayer space, and the gas adsorption device is erected in the interlayer space.

[0014] In one embodiment, the gas adsorption device is fixedly connected to the outer tank by welding to a flange matched with the outer tank.

[0015] It can be seen from the above technical solution that the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

[0016] The gas adsorption device of the present invention includes multiple layers of adsorption components stacked in sequence. Each adsorption component includes a shell and a tray disposed in the shell for supporting an adsorbent; the shell has an opening at the top, and multiple vents are disposed on the periphery and the bottom, and the shells of any two adjacent adsorption components are detachably connected. The gas adsorption device is provided with multiple layers of adsorption components, so that the gas adsorption device can not only carry more adsorbents, but also adsorb more gas, and the adsorbent can be evenly spread on the tray to increase the contact area between the adsorbent and the interlayer space, thereby better adsorbing the gas.

[0017] Furthermore, the adsorption components are detachably connected to the top cover, the bottom plate and the guide rods respectively, and the detachable connection between the shells of any adjacent adsorption components makes it easy to replace the adsorbent on the tray. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the gas adsorption device of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 The present invention Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of

[0020] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the adsorption component in the present invention.

[0021] The following are the descriptions of the reference numerals:

[0022] 1. Gas adsorption device; 11. Top cover; 111. Top plate; 1111. Weight-reducing hole; 112. Compression ring; 1121. Weight-reducing hole; 12. Bottom plate; 121. Weight-reducing hole; 13. Guide rod; 14. Adsorption assembly; 141. Shell; 1411. Adsorbent cylinder; 1412. Vent cylinder; 1413. Bump; 1416. Vent hole; 142. Support tray. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] Typical embodiments that embody the features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following description. It should be understood that the present invention can have various changes in different embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention, and the descriptions and illustrations therein are essentially used for illustration purposes rather than for limiting the present invention.

[0024] In order to further illustrate the principle and structure of the present invention, preferred embodiments of the present invention are now described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] The present invention provides a cryogenic pressure vessel, which is suitable for storing cryogenic liquid media, and the storage temperature can be lower than -196° C. The cryogenic liquid media include liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen, liquid argon, liquid helium, liquid hydrogen, etc.

[0026] The cryogenic pressure vessel mainly comprises an outer tank, an inner tank, an insulating interlayer and a gas adsorption device 1. The cryogenic pressure vessel adsorbs the gas in the insulating interlayer through the gas adsorption device 1 to ensure the vacuum degree in the cryogenic pressure vessel, thereby ensuring the thermal insulation performance of the cryogenic pressure vessel.

[0027] The inner tank is used to store cryogenic liquid medium. The inner tank is in direct contact with the cryogenic liquid medium, so the inner tank is made of cryogenic steel.

[0028] The outer tank is arranged on the outer periphery of the inner tank to protect the inner tank. The outer tank does not directly contact the cryogenic liquid medium, so the material of the outer tank can be any material that meets the environmental use requirements, such as carbon steel or low alloy steel.

[0029] There is a gap between the outer tank and the inner tank to form an interlayer space, and the interlayer space is a vacuum. A small amount of cryogenic liquid medium in the inner tank will leak into the interlayer space, and a small amount of air outside the outer tank will also leak into the interlayer space, resulting in a decrease in the vacuum degree in the interlayer space, which in turn leads to a decrease in the insulation performance of the cryogenic pressure vessel.

[0030] The insulating interlayer is arranged in the interlayer space. The material of the insulating interlayer is selected from heat-insulating materials, such as stainless steel, fiberglass and other metal materials. H2 will melt into the metal material during the smelting process. In the vacuum environment of the cryogenic pressure vessel, the H2 melted into it will slowly diffuse out, resulting in a decrease in the vacuum degree in the interlayer space, and then resulting in a decrease in the insulation performance of the cryogenic pressure vessel. And as the temperature in the interlayer space increases, the diffusion rate of H2 in the metal material will increase.

[0031] The gas adsorption device 1 is arranged in the interlayer space to adsorb the gas in the interlayer space, ensure the vacuum degree in the interlayer space, and then ensure the thermal insulation performance. The number of the gas adsorption device 1 can be one, two, three or other numbers, which is actually arranged according to the vacuum life of the cryogenic pressure vessel.

[0032] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 Each gas adsorption device 1 includes a bottom plate 12 , a top cover 11 , a guide rod 13 and a plurality of adsorption components 14 .

[0033] See also Figure 3 The adsorption assembly 14 includes a shell 141 and a support tray 142 .

[0034] The housing 141 includes an adsorbent cylinder 1411 and a vent cylinder 1412 .

[0035] The cross section of the adsorbent cylinder 1411 is circular, and its peripheral side is closed, the top is open, and the bottom has a plurality of vent holes 1416. The material of the adsorbent cylinder 1411 is austenitic stainless steel.

[0036] The outer periphery of the adsorbent cylinder 1411 is provided with a plurality of first protrusions, and the plurality of first protrusions are symmetrically arranged. The extension direction of the first protrusion is parallel to the axial direction of the adsorbent cylinder 1411. In this embodiment, the number of the first protrusions is three. And each first protrusion extends from the top to the bottom of the adsorbent cylinder 1411. In other embodiments, the number of the first protrusions can also be two, four or other numbers, which can be set according to actual conditions. The height of the first protrusion can also be only a part of the height of the adsorbent cylinder 1411.

[0037] The vent cylinder 1412 is disposed at the top of the adsorbent cylinder 1411. The cross section of the vent cylinder 1412 is circular, and the diameter of the vent cylinder 1412 is equal to the diameter of the adsorbent cylinder 1411. The top of the vent cylinder 1412 is open, and specifically, the vent cylinder 1412 includes a cylinder body and a sealing plate located at the bottom of the cylinder body. Both the cylinder body and the sealing plate are provided with vent holes 1416. In this embodiment, the multiple vent holes 1416 on the vent cylinder 1412 are honeycomb-shaped, so that the gas flowability during adsorption is good.

[0038] A plurality of second protrusions are provided on the periphery of the ventilator 1412, and the plurality of second protrusions are symmetrically arranged. The extension direction of the second protrusions is parallel to the axial direction of the ventilator 1412. In this embodiment, the number of the second protrusions is the same as the number of the first protrusions, that is, three. And each second protrusion extends from the top to the bottom of the ventilator 1412. In other embodiments, the number of the second protrusions may also be other numbers based on the number of the first protrusions. The height of the second protrusion may also be only a portion of the height of the ventilator 1412.

[0039] The support tray 142 is disposed at the bottom of the adsorbent cylinder 1411 and is used to support the adsorbent. Specifically, in this embodiment, a plurality of small holes are provided on the support tray 142, so that the support tray 142 is in a mesh shape. The diameter of the small holes on the support tray 142 is set according to the diameter of the adsorbent, so that the aperture of the small holes on the support tray 142 is smaller than the diameter of the adsorbent and can support the adsorbent. Therefore, the support tray 142 can not only make the adsorbent spread on the support tray 142, but also make the adsorbent more fluid when adsorbing gas, thereby better adsorbing the gas in the interlayer space.

[0040] The material of the tray 142 is stainless steel molybdenum, that is, the tray 142 is a stainless steel molybdenum wire mesh. The tray 142 can be directly placed in the adsorbent cylinder 1411.

[0041] The adsorbent on the tray 142 can be an adsorbent for adsorbing hydrogen, an adsorbent for adsorbing oxygen, or an adsorbent for adsorbing other gases. The gas in the interlayer space is adsorbed by different adsorbents to ensure the vacuum degree of the interlayer space.

[0042] In the adsorption component 14, the supporting tray 142 is arranged at the bottom of the adsorbent cylinder 1411, the surrounding side of the adsorbent cylinder 1411 is closed, and then the ventilation cylinder 1412 is arranged on the top of the adsorbent cylinder 1411. This arrangement prevents the adsorbent from drifting out from the holes on the surrounding side of the adsorbent cylinder 1411 during the installation of the gas adsorption device 1, thereby ensuring the dosage of the gas adsorbent.

[0043] The first protrusions on the periphery of the adsorbent and the second protrusions on the periphery of the vent cylinder 1412 are arranged correspondingly, and constitute the protrusions 1413 on the periphery of the shell 141 .

[0044] The plurality of adsorption components 14 are stacked in sequence, that is, the adsorbent cylinder 1411 of one adsorption component 14 is stacked on the top of the ventilation cylinder 1412 of another adsorption component 14 .

[0045] The bottom plate 12 is disposed at the bottom of the adsorption assembly 14, and is used to support the adsorption assembly 14. In this embodiment, the bottom plate 12 is circular. In other implementations, the bottom plate 12 can also be square, or other irregular shapes.

[0046] The bottom plate 12 has a bottom opening in the middle. The bottom opening is circular, and the diameter of the bottom opening is slightly smaller than the diameter of the adsorbent cylinder 1411. The bottom opening is located below the adsorbent cylinder 1411 and communicates with the small hole on the support tray 142, thereby increasing the contact area between the adsorbent and the interlayer space.

[0047] The bottom plate 12 is provided with weight-reducing holes 121 to reduce the weight of the bottom plate 12 and further reduce the weight of the gas adsorption device 1 .

[0048] The guide rods 13 are erected on the bottom plate 12 and are arranged around the bottom opening. In this embodiment, the number of the guide rods 13 is three and they are arranged symmetrically. The guide rods 13 are arranged one by one with the protrusions 1413 on the outer periphery of the housing 141. In other embodiments, the number of the guide rods 13 can also be set according to the number of the protrusions 1413. The guide rods 13 are welded to the bottom plate 12.

[0049] The inner surface of the guide rod 13 is provided with a guide groove, and the projection 1413 is slidably matched with the guide groove. The inner surface of the guide rod 13 refers to the side of the guide rod 13 facing the bottom opening.

[0050] The top cover 11 is disposed on the top of the adsorption assembly 14 and is used to compress the adsorption assembly 14. The top cover 11 includes a top plate 111 and a compression ring 112. In this embodiment, the top plate 111 is circular. In other implementations, the top plate 111 can also be square or other irregular shapes.

[0051] The top plate 111 has a first top opening in the middle, which is circular and has a diameter equal to that of the ventilation cylinder and is cylindrical, so that the first top opening communicates with the opening at the top of the ventilation cylinder 1412 of the adsorption assembly 14 .

[0052] The top plate 111 is provided with weight-reducing holes 1111 to reduce the weight of the top plate 111 and further reduce the weight of the gas adsorption device 1 .

[0053] The bottom of the top plate 111 is connected and fixed to the top of the guide rod 13. Specifically, in this embodiment, the top plate 111 is connected to the guide rod 13 by welding.

[0054] The clamping ring 112 is inserted through the first top opening of the top plate 111 and is interference fit with the top plate 111. The bottom of the clamping ring 112 extends downwardly beyond the top plate 111, and the top extends upwardly beyond the top plate 111. The bottom of the clamping ring 112 abuts against the top of the vent 1412 of the adsorption assembly 14 at the top, thereby being able to clamp the multiple adsorption assemblies 14 between the top plate 111 and the bottom plate 12.

[0055] The middle of the clamping ring 112 has a second top opening, and the second top opening is connected to the first top opening, so that the vent 1412 of the adsorption assembly 14 at the top is connected to the interlayer space, thereby increasing the contact area between the adsorbent and the interlayer space.

[0056] The clamping ring 112 is provided with a weight-reducing hole 1121 to reduce the weight of the clamping ring 112 and further reduce the weight of the gas adsorption device 1 .

[0057] The clamping ring 112 and the top plate 111 are interference fit, so that the clamping ring 112 and the top plate 111 can be detachably connected, and the diameter of the first top opening is equal to the diameter of the vent tube 1412 and the adsorbent tube 1411, so that the vent tube 1412 and the adsorbent tube 1411 of each adsorption component 14 can slide out of the first top opening in turn, and then the adsorbent on the supporting tray 142 in each adsorption component 14 can be replaced.

[0058] The assembly process of the gas adsorption device 1 is as follows:

[0059] S1, connecting and fixing the guide rod 13 and the base plate 12.

[0060] Specifically, the guide rod 13 and the bottom plate 12 are connected and fixed by welding.

[0061] S2, installing each adsorption assembly 14 along the guide rod 13 in sequence.

[0062] Specifically, first place the supporting tray 142 in the adsorbent cylinder 1411 to assemble into an assembly; then, each first protrusion in the assembly is matched with the guide groove of each guide rod 13, and the assembly is slid onto the bottom plate 12; then, the second protrusion of the ventilation cylinder 1412 is matched with the guide groove of each guide rod 13, and the ventilation cylinder 1412 is slid onto the adsorbent cylinder 1411, completing the installation of an adsorption component 14. At this time, the adsorbent cylinder 1411 is concentric with the ventilation cylinder 1412.

[0063] Then, another adsorption assembly 14 is installed on top of the previous adsorption assembly 14 using the above method, and the adsorption assemblies 14 are stacked in sequence to complete the assembly of the adsorption assemblies 14 .

[0064] The adsorbent may be spread on the tray 142 first and then the assembly may be slid onto the bottom plate 12 or the installed vent cylinder 1412 ; or the assembly may be slid onto the bottom plate 12 or the installed vent cylinder 1412 and then the adsorbent may be spread on the tray 142 .

[0065] S3, assembling the clamping ring 112 and the top plate 111 to obtain the top cover 11, and connecting and fixing the top cover 11 to the top of the guide rod 13.

[0066] Specifically, the bottom of the clamping ring 112 abuts against the top of the vent tube 1412 located at the top, and the top of the guide rod 13 is connected and fixed to the top plate 111 by welding, thereby completing the assembly of the gas adsorption device 1.

[0067] In the gas adsorption device 1 of the present embodiment, the adsorption component 14 is detachably connected to the top cover 11, the bottom plate 12 and the guide rod 13, and the multiple adsorption components 14 are detachably connected through the cooperation of the protrusion 1413 and the guide groove. The adsorbent cylinder 1411 and the ventilation cylinder 1412 in the adsorption component 14 are detachably connected, which makes it convenient to replace the new adsorbent in the gas adsorption device 1 after the adsorbent fails to adsorb gas.

[0068] The gas adsorption device 1 is provided with multiple adsorption components 14, so that the gas adsorption device 1 can not only carry more adsorbents and adsorb more gas, but also the adsorbents can be evenly spread on the supporting tray 142 to increase the contact area between the adsorbent and the interlayer space, thereby being able to better adsorb gas.

[0069] The gas adsorption device 1 has a honeycomb-shaped vent hole 1416 on the vent tube 1412, so that the gas adsorption device 1 has good gas flowability during adsorption, thereby being able to better adsorb gas. The surrounding side of the adsorbent tube 1411 of the gas adsorption device 1 is closed, which prevents the adsorbent from floating in the air due to its small particle size during assembly of the gas adsorption device 1, resulting in a reduction in the amount of adsorbent.

[0070] When the gas adsorption device 1 is installed in the interlayer space, it is erected in the interlayer space, and the gas adsorption device 1 is fixed in the interlayer space by welding the bottom plate 12 or the top plate 111 to the inner wall of the outer tank. The gas adsorption device 1 can also be installed by welding the flange to the bottom plate 12 or the top plate 111, and then welding the flange to the inner wall of the outer tank.

[0071] It can be seen from the above technical solution that the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

[0072] The gas adsorption device of the present invention includes multiple layers of adsorption components stacked in sequence. Each adsorption component includes a shell and a tray disposed in the shell for supporting an adsorbent; the shell has an opening at the top, and multiple vents are disposed on the periphery and the bottom, and the shells of any two adjacent adsorption components are detachably connected. The gas adsorption device is provided with multiple layers of adsorption components, so that the gas adsorption device can not only carry more adsorbents, but also adsorb more gas, and the adsorbent can be evenly spread on the tray to increase the contact area between the adsorbent and the interlayer space, thereby better adsorbing the gas.

[0073] Furthermore, the adsorption components are detachably connected to the top cover, the bottom plate and the guide rods respectively, and the detachable connection between the shells of any adjacent adsorption components makes it easy to replace the adsorbent on the tray.

[0074] Although the present invention has been described with reference to several typical embodiments, it should be understood that the terms used are illustrative and exemplary, rather than restrictive. Since the present invention can be embodied in a variety of forms without departing from the spirit or essence of the invention, it should be understood that the above embodiments are not limited to any of the foregoing details, but should be interpreted broadly within the spirit and scope defined by the appended claims, so all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the claims or their equivalents should be covered by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A cryogenic pressure vessel, characterized in that: It comprises an outer tank, an inner tank and at least one gas adsorption device; there is a gap between the outer tank and the inner tank to form an interlayer space, and the gas adsorption device stands upright in the interlayer space; the gas adsorption device comprises a bottom plate and a top cover arranged at intervals, a plurality of guide rods connecting the bottom plate and the top cover, and a multi-layer adsorption assembly located between the bottom plate and the top cover; a plurality of the guide rods are enclosed to form a accommodating space, and the multi-layer adsorption assemblies are stacked in sequence along the length direction of the guide rods in the accommodating space; the adsorption assembly comprises a shell and a supporting tray arranged in the shell for supporting an adsorbent, the top of the shell is open, and a plurality of ventilation holes are provided on the periphery and the bottom.

2. The cryogenic pressure vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adsorption assembly is detachably connected to the bottom plate, the adsorption assembly is detachably connected to the top cover, the adsorption assembly is detachably connected to the guide rod, and the shells of any two adjacent adsorption assemblies are detachably connected.

3. The cryogenic pressure vessel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner surface of each guide rod is provided with a guide groove; A plurality of protrusions are arranged on the outer periphery of the shell, and the plurality of protrusions are arranged correspondingly to the plurality of guide grooves one by one, so that the shell slides along the length direction of the guide rod.

4. The cryogenic pressure vessel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top cover includes a top plate and a clamping ring, the top plate is fixedly connected to the guide rod, a first top opening is opened in the middle of the top plate, the clamping ring is arranged at the first top opening and has an interference fit with the top plate, and the bottom of the clamping ring abuts against the shell located at the top; A second top opening is formed in the middle of the clamping ring, and the second top opening is communicated with the first top opening.

5. The cryogenic pressure vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The receiving tray is located at the bottom of the shell, and there is a height difference between the vent holes on the outer periphery of the shell and the receiving tray.

6. The cryogenic pressure vessel according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shell includes an adsorbent cylinder and a vent cylinder located above the adsorbent cylinder; the adsorbent cylinder is closed on the sides, open on the top, and provided with the vent hole at the bottom, and the supporting tray is located in the adsorbent cylinder; the vent cylinder is open on the top, and the vent holes are provided on the bottom and the outer periphery of the vent cylinder.

7. The cryogenic pressure vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support tray is in a mesh shape; The material of the supporting tray is molybdenum.

8. The cryogenic pressure vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top cover, the bottom plate, the guide rod and the shell are all made of austenitic stainless steel; The middle part of the bottom plate is provided with a bottom opening, and the bottom opening is located below the supporting tray.

9. The cryogenic pressure vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas adsorption device is fixedly connected to the outer tank by welding to a flange matched with the outer tank.

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