A joint structure and installation method for prefabricated rectangular tunnel lining

Abstract

A joint structure of an assembled rectangular tunnel lining and an installation method thereof, comprising a tunnel section and a rectangular tunnel segment, wherein the tunnel section is formed by splicing a plurality of rectangular tunnel segments, and the radial cross-section of the tunnel section is rectangular, wherein the rectangular tunnel segment is formed by placing the end face of a rectangular tunnel segment prefabricated with a cylindrical connecting steel column hole upward, vertically, inserting a connecting steel column, adding an adhesive material into the steel column hole, and placing the end face of a rectangular tunnel segment prefabricated with a truncated cone-shaped connecting steel column hole downward, butting and assembling downward, and under the dual action of the joint and the connecting steel column, the upper and lower rectangular tunnel segments are tightly assembled into a whole. The present invention has the advantages of high on-site assembly accuracy, easy control, fast construction, small workload, small impact on the surrounding environment, and environmental protection, and can effectively reduce the construction period and cost in assembled tunnel projects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering joints, in particular to a joint structure of an assembled rectangular tunnel lining and an installation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of social economy and the continuous acceleration of urbanization, the number of urban tunnel construction is increasing day by day. Municipal tunnels not only do not occupy ground space, but also relieve ground traffic pressure. They are a reliable and convenient underground passage structure and have been widely used in various cities. However, in the process of tunnel excavation and construction, it is often necessary to carry out under the existing urban road network. The geological and hydrological conditions during construction are complicated and have a great impact on ground traffic. Therefore, there are strict requirements for waterproofing during construction, construction period during construction, and impact on the environment. The existing tunnel installation technologies are mainly cast-in-place and prefabricated assembly. Among them, although the on-site cast-in-place tunnel has better integrity, it still has disadvantages such as long construction period, large on-site casting workload, and great impact on traffic.

[0003] Nowadays, in the process of urban underground space development and utilization, the types of prefabricated assembled tunnels are gradually enriched. In addition, due to the advantages of easy processing of rectangular templates and high space utilization of rectangular cross-sections, the main tunnel type used in the construction of municipal tunnels is prefabricated rectangular tunnels. Prefabricated rectangular tunnels generally use steel columns to connect the segments, often using short straight steel columns, long straight steel columns, bent steel columns, inclined steel columns, etc. However, steel column connections have certain limitations. There are problems such as weak structural connection stiffness and strength, low assembly accuracy, and difficult to control construction quality at the joints, which are specifically manifested in problems such as segment misalignment, joint damage, and structural water seepage.

[0004] In view of this, we conducted research and improvements based on the existing problems. By developing an assembled joint, we can improve the operating efficiency and cost-effectiveness while reducing the adverse effects of the steel column hand hole on the weakening of the segment cross-section and the weak joint strength caused by simple assembly. This technology can solve some of the problems existing in tunnel joints today. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a joint structure of an assembled rectangular tunnel lining and an installation method thereof, which can not only solve the problems of long construction period, large on-site casting workload and great impact on traffic in on-site casting construction, but also solve the problems of weak joint stiffness and strength of steel column connection joints, low assembly accuracy and difficult to control construction quality.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a joint structure of an assembled rectangular tunnel lining, including a tunnel section and a rectangular tunnel segment, wherein the tunnel section is formed by splicing a plurality of rectangular tunnel segments, and the radial cross-section shape of the tunnel segment is rectangular. The rectangular tunnel segment is a rectangular tunnel segment prefabricated with a cylindrical connecting steel column hole with its end face facing upward, placed vertically, and a connecting steel column is inserted, and an adhesive material is added into the steel column hole. The rectangular tunnel segment prefabricated with a truncated cone-shaped connecting steel column hole is placed with its end face facing downward, and is butt-jointed downwardly for assembly. Under the dual action of the joint and the connecting steel column, the upper and lower rectangular tunnel segments are tightly assembled into a whole.

[0007] The rectangular tunnel segments include Π-shaped rectangular tunnel segments, H-shaped rectangular tunnel segments, H-shaped multi-layer rectangular tunnel segments and The Π-shaped rectangular tunnel segment is divided into two halves with its radial symmetry axis as the tangent. The two halves have the same structure and are named h-shaped rectangular tunnel segments. Similarly, the symmetry axis of the H-shaped rectangular tunnel segment is divided into two halves with its radial symmetry axis as the tangent. The two halves have the same structure and are named h-shaped rectangular tunnel segments. Rectangular tunnel segment.

[0008] The ends of the Π-shaped rectangular tunnel segments are all connected, and the two sides are cubes with the same size of protrusions. The length of the cube is 1 / 4 of the length of the joint, the width is the same as the width of the joint, and the height is the same as the length. There is a cube-shaped gap in the middle, and the volume of the gap is twice the volume of the protrusion. When assembling, each protrusion of the joint is inserted into a gap, and one gap is inserted into two protrusions. Through the extrusion of the gap and the protrusion, and the protrusion and the protrusion side, each Π-shaped rectangular tunnel segment is riveted.

[0009] The Π-shaped rectangular tunnel segments are of two forms. When assembled, the rectangular tunnel segment joints located on the upper layer of the tunnel have truncated cone-shaped connecting steel column holes on their protrusions and notches. Each protrusion has a truncated cone-shaped connecting steel column hole, and each notch has two truncated cone-shaped connecting steel column holes, which are equidistantly distributed in a straight line. The joints of the lower rectangular tunnel segments have cylindrical connecting steel column holes.

[0010] The H-shaped rectangular tunnel segment has end joints on both the upper and lower sides. The steel column hole of the upper joint is truncated cone-shaped, and the steel column hole of the lower joint is cylindrical. When assembling, it is added in the middle of the single-layer tunnel, and the upper and lower parts are connected and fixed by connecting steel columns to obtain a double-layer rectangular tunnel.

[0011] The connecting steel column holes are divided into two types of steel column holes, the upper half and the lower half of the connecting steel column. The upper half of the connecting steel column hole is in the shape of an inverted frustum, and the lower half of the connecting steel column hole is cylindrical. The size of each connecting steel column hole is 1% larger than the connecting steel column.

[0012] The joints are staggered and connected, and the cubic protrusion on the right side of an upper rectangular tunnel segment and the left protrusion of another upper rectangular tunnel segment are inserted into the notch of a lower rectangular tunnel segment in parallel and fixed by extrusion mortise and tenon joint.

[0013] The connecting steel column is half cylindrical and the other half is a truncated cone steel structure. When assembling, bonding material is added to the steel column hole of the lower tunnel joint, and the cylindrical end of the connecting steel column is inserted into the lower tunnel joint.

[0014] The joints are all provided with waterproof seams, which are two parallel waterproof seams, one close to the outside of the tunnel and the other close to the inside of the tunnel, with the connecting steel column hole sandwiched in the middle. Each waterproof seam extends straight from the front to the back of the segment and is trapezoidal in shape. The lower bottom surface is located on the side in contact with the air, and waterproof material is placed in the waterproof seam.

[0015] The installation method of the joint structure of the assembled rectangular tunnel lining comprises the following steps:

[0016] (1) Use a crane to transport the rectangular tunnel segments transported from the site to the foundation pit, place multiple Π-shaped rectangular tunnel segments on the horizontal ground, place the long sides of the joints in the h-shaped rectangular tunnel segments close to the Π-shaped rectangular tunnel segments, and place only one on each side to form the first layer of the tunnel segment. The number of Π-shaped rectangular tunnel segments is determined by the actual length of the tunnel segment;

[0017] (2) Check the assembly accuracy and surface cleanliness of the lower Π-shaped rectangular tunnel segment and the H-shaped rectangular tunnel segment. If the error is large, make adjustments and clean the joints after the adjustment.

[0018] (3) After cleaning, pour cementing material into the holes of the connecting steel columns to enhance the connection strength of the upper and lower rectangular tunnel segments by utilizing the characteristics of the hydraulic inorganic cementing material;

[0019] (4) Immediately insert the connecting steel column into the connecting steel column hole after the hydraulic inorganic gelling material is poured, and the end surface of the connecting steel column is in contact with the bottom surface of the connecting steel column hole. When the hydraulic inorganic gelling material overflows, it is quickly cleaned with a tool to ensure that the upper end surface of the connecting steel column is flush with the outer surface of the joint protrusion;

[0020] (5) After all the connecting steel columns are inserted, first clean the outer surface of the joint, then fill the waterproof joint with waterproof material, and finally apply waterproof coating on the outer surface of the joint;

[0021] (6) For a single-layer rectangular tunnel section, only one more layer of rectangular tunnel segments needs to be assembled. The method is to hoist the piece of Π-shaped rectangular tunnel segment or H-shaped rectangular tunnel segment assembled on the top to the top of the insertion position in advance, and then apply the hydraulic inorganic gelling material on the upper end of the connecting steel column below the corresponding position. After applying, the rectangular tunnel segment is controlled to fall slowly, and under the guidance of the connecting steel column, it is accurately docked, and the joint is pressed and stuck by its own weight without the help of auxiliary external force;

[0022] (7) For double-layer rectangular tunnel sections, multiple H-shaped rectangular tunnel sections and H-shaped rectangular tunnel segment, by placing an H-shaped rectangular tunnel segment or The rectangular tunnel segment is hoisted to the top of the Π-shaped rectangular tunnel segment or the h-shaped rectangular tunnel segment. After applying the hydraulic inorganic gelling material, it is precisely connected with the Π-shaped rectangular tunnel segment or the h-shaped rectangular tunnel segment under the guidance of the connecting steel column to complete the second layer of splicing. Finally, the Π-shaped rectangular tunnel segment or the h-shaped rectangular tunnel segment assembled above is hoisted to the H-shaped rectangular tunnel segment or The steel bolt hole is inserted into the upper end of the connecting steel column after the hydraulic inorganic gelling material is applied;

[0023] (8) During assembly, the rectangular tunnel segment can be inserted from any end, and all the rectangular tunnel segments are inserted in sequence. After each rectangular tunnel segment is assembled, the remaining joints that have not been inserted into the rectangular tunnel segment are cleaned to ensure the docking accuracy of the next rectangular tunnel segment;

[0024] (9) After all rectangular tunnel segments are assembled, backfilling begins. During backfilling, care should be taken not to damage the normal operation of the waterproof layer and drainage system. Large machinery should not be used for the operation. When the backfill height is flush with the top surface of the tunnel, the backfill is compacted symmetrically on both sides. The backfill thickness should not be too large to prevent eccentric pressure caused by construction. Depending on the specific situation, large machinery can be used only after the backfill reaches a certain height.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0026] 1. All assemblies have only circumferential joints, and the construction is simple. There is no need to consider the circumferential stress. By riveting the joints connecting the steel columns and the rectangular tunnel segments, it can be assembled on site, which can fully utilize the strength of the pipe segments themselves and improve the integrity and structural mechanical properties of the prefabricated rectangular tunnel.

[0027] 2. The joint has a simple structure, the template is easy to process, and the whole can be prefabricated in the factory and can be directly installed after being transported to the site. It has good integrity and structural mechanical properties and is suitable for shallow rectangular tunnels.

[0028] 3. The connection method of the joint is simple and can be freely combined, that is, the length of the entire tunnel section can be increased or decreased by increasing or decreasing the number of Π-shaped rectangular tunnel segments or H-shaped multi-layer rectangular tunnel segments. The driving hole of the tunnel cross section can also be increased by radially adding the number of joints of the rectangular tunnel segments. It is also possible to increase the vertical H-shaped multi-layer rectangular tunnel segments 10 and The number of multi-layer rectangular tunnel segments 11 is increased to increase the number of tunnel layers.

[0029] 4. The tunnel section of the prefabricated rectangular tunnel adopts a rectangular cross-section, which has a high space utilization rate.

[0030] 5. The joint does not require cast-in-place joints, on-site grouting and prestressing, which is conducive to reducing on-site workload and shortening construction period.

[0031] 6. There are two prefabricated protrusions at the end of the joint. Under the action of deadweight, relying on the structural characteristics of the joint itself, the side of the protrusion will fit tightly together with the side of the notch, which will tightly fix the prefabricated part, effectively restrict the lateral and longitudinal displacement of the prefabricated part, and offset the damage to the tunnel section caused by uneven ground stress.

[0032] 7. The use of connecting steel columns can not only fix the joints, limit the lateral displacement of the joints, and improve the ability of the joints to resist deformation, but also guide the docking and improve the accuracy of on-site installation.

[0033] 8. There is no need to embed reinforcement parts in prefabricated parts, and very little construction waste is generated, which is conducive to cost saving and has little impact on the external environment. This jointing method is an environmentally friendly method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a single-layer rectangular tunnel section of the joint structure of the assembled rectangular tunnel lining described in the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a double-layer rectangular tunnel section of the joint structure of the assembled rectangular tunnel lining described in the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the joint structure of the assembled rectangular tunnel lining described in the present invention.

[0037] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the waterproof structure of the joint structure of the assembled rectangular tunnel lining described in the present invention.

[0038] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the front structure of a single-layer rectangular tunnel segment of the joint structure of the assembled rectangular tunnel lining described in the present invention.

[0039] Figure 6It is a schematic diagram of the front structure of a double-layer rectangular tunnel segment of the joint structure of the assembled rectangular tunnel lining described in the present invention.

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting steel column structure of the joint structure of the assembled rectangular tunnel lining described in the present invention.

[0041] Marked in the figure: single-layer rectangular tunnel section 1, double-layer rectangular tunnel section 1', lower Π-type single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 2, upper Π-type single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 2', lower h-type single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 3, upper h-type single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 3', connecting steel column 4, connecting steel column upper end 401, connecting steel column lower end 402, connecting steel column hole 5, connecting steel column hole upper end 501, connecting steel column hole lower end 502, waterproof seam 6, waterproof material 601, waterproof coating 602, joint 7, lower joint protrusion 701, upper joint protrusion 701', lower joint notch 702, upper joint notch 702', lower Π-type multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 8, upper Π-type multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 8', lower h-type multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 9, upper h-type multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 9', H-type multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 10, Type multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 11. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the joint structure of the assembled rectangular tunnel lining of the present invention, its single-layer rectangular tunnel section 1 is composed of a lower Π-shaped single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 2, an upper Π-shaped single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 2', a lower h-shaped single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 3, an upper h-shaped single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 3', a connecting steel column 4, a connecting steel column upper end 401, a connecting steel column lower end 402, a connecting steel column hole 5, a connecting steel column hole upper end 501, a connecting steel column hole lower end 502, a waterproof seam 6, a waterproof material 601, a waterproof coating 602, a joint 7, a lower joint protrusion 701, an upper joint protrusion 701', a lower joint notch 702 and an upper joint notch 702', and the specific structure and connection relationship of the components are as follows:

[0045] The lower Π-shaped single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 2 has three joints on one side. The shape of the entire component is similar to the letter m. The shape of its joint is similar to the Π shape. There is a notch in the middle of the end of the joint. The two sides are provided with lower joint protrusions 701. The shape of the lower joint notch 702 is a cube, and the volume is the sum of the volumes of the two lower joint protrusions 701. There are four holes in the joint end of the lower Π-shaped single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 2. The four holes are equidistantly separated along a straight line and are respectively located in the center of the two lower joint protrusions 701 and the center of the lower joint notch 702. The size of the hole is 101% of the lower end 402 of the connecting steel column. The height of the hole is the distance from the top of the protrusion to the end face of the notch. Therefore, the lower joint protrusion 701 is connected to the lower end 502 of the connecting steel column hole, and the height of its bottom surface is the same as the end face of the lower joint notch 702.

[0046] The overall shape of the upper Π-shaped single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 2' is the same as that of the lower Π-shaped single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 2. Four holes are also opened on the outside of the joint end, and the arrangement of the holes is also distributed equidistantly along a straight line, but the shapes of the holes are different. The hole size of the rectangular tunnel segment is 101% of the upper end 501 of the connecting steel column hole, and the height of the hole is slightly higher than the upper end 501 of the connecting steel column hole, which is convenient for connection after applying the adhesive material. The bottom surface of the upper end 501 of the connecting steel column hole is flush with the end surface of the lower joint notch 702.

[0047] The upper h-shaped single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 3' and the lower h-shaped single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 3 are the radial halves of the upper Π-shaped single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 2' and the lower Π-shaped single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 2, respectively having a lower joint protrusion 701 and an upper joint protrusion 701', and half of a lower joint notch 702 and an upper joint notch 702'.

[0048] The connecting steel column 4 is located in the middle of the tunnel joint. The upper end 401 of the connecting steel column is in the shape of an inverted frustum with a large upper bottom area. The lower bottom area is the same as the cylindrical bottom area of ​​the upper end 401 of the connecting steel column. The lower end 402 of the connecting steel column is cylindrical, and its height is 1 / 2 of the total length of the connecting steel column 4.

[0049] A waterproof seam 6 is provided on the outside of the tunnel, sandwiching the connecting steel column hole 5 in the middle, and the waterproof seam 6 is arranged closely along the tunnel joint 7, extending along the traveling direction of the tunnel, and its shape is a trapezoid, with the lower bottom being on the outer surface of the upper Π-type single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 2', the lower Π-type single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 2, the upper h-type single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 3' and the lower h-type single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 3, and parallel to the outer surface, while the upper bottom is on the inside.

[0050] The lower Π-shaped single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 2 is located at the bottom during assembly, and multiple are placed along the direction of tunnel travel, while the lower h-shaped single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 3 only needs to be placed one, and is located at the end, together forming the first layer of the tunnel.

[0051] The waterproof joint 6 is placed with waterproof material 601, filling the groove formed by the two waterproof joints 6, and the joint surface between the lower Π-type single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 2 and the lower h-type single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 3 and the upper Π-type single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 2' and the upper h-type single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 3' is covered with waterproof coating 602.

[0052] The lower end 502 of the connecting steel column hole of the lower Π-shaped single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 2 and the lower h-shaped single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 3 is added with cementing material, and the lower end 402 of the connecting steel column is inserted into the lower end 502 of the connecting steel column hole. After the cementing material is applied to the upper end 401 of the connecting steel column, the joint 7 of the upper Π-shaped single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 2' and the upper h-shaped single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 3' is aligned with the joint 7 of the lower Π-shaped single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 2 and the lower h-shaped single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 3, specifically, the upper joint protrusion 701' is inserted into the lower joint notch 702, the lower joint protrusion 701 is inserted into the upper joint notch 702', and the upper end 501 of the connecting steel column hole is inserted into the upper end 401 of the connecting steel column. At this point, the second layer is assembled and the single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 1 is obtained.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] like Figure 2 As shown in FIG. 1 , another example of the joint of the assembled rectangular tunnel lining of the present invention is a double-layer rectangular tunnel section 1 '. The difference is that an H-shaped multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 10 and Type multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 11.

[0055] The components of the double-layer rectangular tunnel section 1' include: a connecting steel column 4, an upper end 401 of the connecting steel column, a lower end 402 of the connecting steel column, a connecting steel column hole 5, an upper end 501 of the connecting steel column hole, a lower end 502 of the connecting steel column hole, a waterproof seam 6, a waterproof material 601, a waterproof coating 602, a joint 7, a lower joint protrusion 701, an upper joint protrusion 701', a lower joint notch 702, an upper joint notch 702', a lower Π-type multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 8, an upper Π-type multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 8', an upper h-type multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 9', a lower h-type multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 9, an H-type multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 10 and Type multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 11. The specific structure and connection relationship of the components are as follows:

[0056] Some components of the double-layer rectangular tunnel section 1 ′ are the same in shape as those of the single-layer rectangular tunnel section 1 , but they are different in size.

[0057] Unlike the single-layer rectangular tunnel section 1, the H-shaped multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 10 of the double-layer rectangular tunnel section 1' has three joints on both the upper and lower sides, and the shape of the entire component is similar to the Cyrillic character , but the shape of the joint is still Π-shaped, symmetrically distributed along the longitudinal direction, the structure and shape of the joint at the bottom of the longitudinal direction are similar to the joint of the Π-shaped multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 8' above, with only a difference in size. The structure and shape of the joint at the top of the longitudinal direction are similar to the joint of the Π-shaped multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 8 below, with only a difference in size.

[0058] Different from the single-layer rectangular tunnel section 1, the double-layer rectangular tunnel section 1' The H-type multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 11 is the longitudinally symmetrical half of the H-type multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 10, and the difference between the upper H-type multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 9' and the lower H-type multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 9 is that: The H-shaped multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 11 has two joints, so they are also symmetrically distributed in the longitudinal direction. The structure and shape of the joint at the bottom in the longitudinal direction are similar to the joint of the upper H-shaped multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 9', with only a difference in size. The structure and shape of the joint at the top in the longitudinal direction are similar to the joint of the lower H-shaped multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 9, with only a difference in size.

[0059] Unlike the single-layer rectangular tunnel section 1, the double-layer rectangular tunnel section 1' has twice as many connecting steel columns 4 as the single-layer tunnel, which are distributed in the middle of the upper and lower layers of the tunnel, connecting the lower Π-shaped multi-layer rectangular tunnel section 8 and the lower H-shaped multi-layer rectangular tunnel section 9 with the H-shaped multi-layer rectangular tunnel section 10 and Type multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 11, H-type multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 10 and The type multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 11 is connected with the upper Π-type multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 8' and the upper H-type multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 9'. The structure and shape of the connecting steel column 4 are similar to those of the single-layer tunnel. The shape of the upper end 401 is a truncated cone, accounting for 1 / 2 of the total length, and the lower end 402 is a cylinder. There is only a difference in size.

[0060] Unlike the single-layer rectangular tunnel section 1, the number of waterproof joints 6 in the double-layer rectangular tunnel section 1' is twice that of the single-layer tunnel, which is distributed in the middle of the upper and lower layers of the tunnel, arranged along the tunnel travel direction of the outer surface of the joint 7, symmetrically distributed, and changes with the shape of the joint, with a connecting steel column hole 5 in the middle. The structure and shape of the waterproof joint 6 are similar to those of the single-layer tunnel, but the size is slightly different.

[0061] Unlike the single-layer rectangular tunnel section 1, when assembling the double-layer rectangular tunnel section 1', a cementing material is added to the lower end 502 of the connecting steel column hole of the lower Π-shaped multi-layer rectangular tunnel section 8 and the lower H-shaped multi-layer rectangular tunnel section 9, and the lower end 402 of the connecting steel column is inserted into the lower end 502 of the connecting steel column hole, and then the H-shaped multi-layer rectangular tunnel section 10 and The joint 7 of the Π-type multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 11 is offset and aligned with the joints 7 of the lower Π-type multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 8 and the lower H-type multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 9. Specifically, the upper joint protrusion 701' is inserted into the lower joint notch 702, the lower joint protrusion 701 is inserted into the upper joint notch 702', and the upper end 501 of the connecting steel column hole is inserted into the upper end 401 of the connecting steel column, as the second layer of assembly.

[0062] Unlike the single-layer rectangular tunnel section 1, the waterproof material 601 and the waterproof coating 602 of the double-layer rectangular tunnel section 1' are arranged on the second layer in the same manner, and then on the H-shaped multi-layer rectangular tunnel section 10 and Add cementing material to the lower end 502 of the connecting steel column hole of the multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 11, prepare the second connecting steel column 4, repeat the work of the previous layer, insert the lower end 402 of the connecting steel column into the lower end 502 of the connecting steel column hole, and finally apply cementing material to the upper end 401 of the connecting steel column. According to the splicing method of the previous layer, splice the upper Π-shaped multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 8' and the upper h-shaped multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 9' to the H-shaped multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 10 and After the third layer is connected above the multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 11, a double-layer rectangular tunnel segment 1' is obtained.

[0063] Example 3

[0064] Another example of the joint of the assembled rectangular tunnel lining of the present invention is a method for installing a single-layer rectangular tunnel section 1 in the joint structure of the assembled rectangular tunnel lining, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0065] (1) The rectangular tunnel segments transported to the site are transferred to the foundation pit by a crane, and multiple lower Π-shaped single-layer rectangular tunnel segments 2 are placed on the horizontal ground. Only one lower H-shaped single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 3 is required, and they are placed in a manner such that the long side of the joint is adjacent to the lower Π-shaped single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 2 to form the first layer of the tunnel segment. The number of lower Π-shaped single-layer rectangular tunnel segments 2 is determined by the actual length of the tunnel segment.

[0066] (2) Check the assembly accuracy and surface cleanliness of the lower Π-shaped single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 2 and the lower H-shaped single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 3. If the error is large, make adjustments. After the adjustment, use sanitary tools to clean the surface of the lower joint protrusion 701, the lower joint notch 702, and the upper end 501 of the connecting steel column hole and the lower end 502 of the connecting steel column hole to reduce the remaining impurities and prevent them from being integrated into the waterproof material and the adhesive material, or being clamped in the joint to affect the docking accuracy.

[0067] (3) After cleaning all the lower ends 502 of the connecting steel column holes of the lower Π-shaped single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 2, pour the cementing material into the lower ends 502 of the connecting steel column holes. In order to prevent the excess cementing material from overflowing in large quantities after being inserted into the holes, it will form a film of a certain thickness on the surface of the lower joint protrusion 701 and the lower joint notch 702 after solidification, affecting the accuracy of the joint docking. Therefore, during construction, the cementing material injected into each hole is controlled to be 10 ml. The cementing material of the lower Π-shaped single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 2 is a water-hardening inorganic cementing material.

[0068] (4) After pouring the hydraulic inorganic gelling material into each hole, immediately insert the lower end 402 of the connecting steel column into the connecting steel column hole 5, and make the end surface of the lower end 402 of the connecting steel column as close to the bottom surface of the lower end 402 of the connecting steel column as possible. When the hydraulic inorganic gelling material overflows, clean it up quickly with tools to ensure that the upper end surface of the lower end 402 of the connecting steel column is flush with the outer surface of the joint 7 to improve the docking accuracy.

[0069] (5) After all the connecting steel columns 4 are inserted, the outer surface of the joint 7 is cleaned, the waterproof material 601 is filled into the waterproof joint 6 and the waterproof coating 602 is applied to the outer surface of the joint 7.

[0070] (6) Both the upper and lower rectangular tunnel sections need to install sponge strips in the waterproof seam 6 of the joint 7 in advance. The lower bottom surfaces of the upper and lower waterproof seams overlap to form a hexagonal waterproof hole. The sponge strips can effectively prevent impurities from entering the joint. The outer surface of the joint is covered with waterproof coating 602 to improve the waterproof effect of the connection joint.

[0071] (7) The upper Π-shaped single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 2' or the upper H-shaped single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 3' to be assembled is hoisted in advance to the top of the insertion position, and the suspension height is selected according to the on-site conditions. The upper end 401 of the connecting steel column below the corresponding position is coated with a water-hardening inorganic cementitious material. After the cementitious material is coated, the assembly is carried out quickly. After each upper rectangular tunnel segment is assembled, the joints 7 of the remaining lower rectangular tunnel segments that have not been assembled are cleaned to ensure the docking accuracy of the next rectangular tunnel segment.

[0072] (8) Under the guidance of the connecting steel column, the upper Π-shaped single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 2' or the upper H-shaped single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 3' is smoothly butted, and the joint 7 is compressed by its own weight without the aid of auxiliary external force facilities. The joint 7 only needs to be riveted with the protrusions and notches of the connecting steel column and the rectangular tunnel segment, and can be assembled on site. After the assembly is completed, the single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 1 is obtained.

[0073] (9) After assembling the single-layer rectangular tunnel section 1, start backfilling. When backfilling, be careful not to damage the normal operation of the waterproof layer and drainage system. It is not advisable to use large machinery for operation. When the backfill height is flush with the top surface of the tunnel, tamp the backfill symmetrically on both sides. The backfill thickness should not be too large to prevent bias pressure caused by construction. Depending on the specific situation, large machinery can be used only after the backfill reaches a certain height.

[0074] Example 4

[0075] Another example of the joint of the assembled rectangular tunnel lining of the present invention is a method for installing a double-layer rectangular tunnel section 1' of the joint structure of the assembled rectangular tunnel lining, such as Figures 2 to 7 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0076] (1) Steps 1-6 are similar to the installation method of the single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 1. The difference from the installation method of the single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 1 is that when assembling the double-layer rectangular tunnel segments, the single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 1 also needs to assemble the H-shaped multi-layer rectangular tunnel segments 10 and H-type multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 11, the method is to connect the H-type multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 10 or The multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 11 is hoisted in advance to the top of the insertion position, the suspension height is selected according to the on-site conditions, and the hydraulic inorganic cementitious material is applied to the upper end 401 of the connecting steel column below the corresponding position. After the cementitious material is applied, the assembly is carried out quickly. After each upper rectangular tunnel segment is assembled, the joints 7 of the remaining lower rectangular tunnel segments that have not been spliced ​​are cleaned.

[0077] (2) Different from the installation method of a single-layer tunnel, when assembling the double-layer rectangular tunnel segments, the H-shaped multi-layer rectangular tunnel segments 10 and The type multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 11 is butt-jointed with the lower Π-type multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 8 and the lower H-type multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 9, and is tightly connected under the action of its own weight. After the assembly is completed, the second layer structure of the double-layer rectangular tunnel is obtained.

[0078] (3) Different from the installation method of single-layer tunnel, when assembling double-layer rectangular tunnel segments, it is also necessary to check the H-type multi-layer rectangular tunnel segments 10 and The assembly accuracy and surface cleanliness of the H-type multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 11 and the lower Π-type multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 8 and the lower H-type multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 9 should be adjusted in time. After the adjustment, clean the H-type multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 10 and The joint 7 of the multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 11 is shown in FIG.

[0079] (4) Different from the installation method of a single-layer tunnel, when assembling the double-layer rectangular tunnel segments, the cleaned H-shaped multi-layer rectangular tunnel segments 10 and The cementing material is injected into the lower end 502 of the connecting steel column hole of the multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 11, and the lower end 402 of the connecting steel column is immediately inserted into the lower end 502 of the connecting steel column hole. The overflowed water-hardening inorganic cementing material is cleaned up with a cleaning tool. After cleaning, the waterproof material 601 is filled into the waterproof joint 6, and the outer surface of the joint is covered with a waterproof coating 602 to improve the waterproof effect of the connecting joint.

[0080] (5) Different from the installation method of a single-layer tunnel, when assembling the double-layer rectangular tunnel segments, it is also necessary to hoist the upper Π-shaped single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 2' or the upper H-shaped single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 3' of the double-layer rectangular tunnel to the H-shaped multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 10 and The H-shaped multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 11 is installed above the H-shaped multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 10 by applying a hydraulic inorganic gelling material on the upper end 401 of the connecting steel column and then sequentially placing the H-shaped multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 10 and The multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 11 is inserted into the upper end 401 of the connecting steel column. After each upper end 401 of the connecting steel column is coated, an upper rectangular tunnel segment is installed. After each rectangular tunnel segment is installed, the remaining joints 7 that have not been spliced ​​are cleaned. After the third layer is assembled, a double-layer rectangular tunnel segment 1' is obtained.

[0081] (6) The last step is the same as the installation step 9 of the single-layer rectangular tunnel segment 1, and on this basis, the tunnel cross-section can be increased by adding the number of joints of the rectangular tunnel segment in the radial direction. It is also possible to increase the vertical H-shaped multi-layer rectangular tunnel segment 10 and The number of layers of the tunnel is increased by increasing the number of multi-layer rectangular tunnel segments 11.

[0082] The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art and ordinary persons, several improvements and changes may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and changes should be deemed to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A joint structure of an assembled rectangular tunnel lining, comprising a tunnel section and a rectangular tunnel segment, wherein the tunnel section is formed by splicing a plurality of rectangular tunnel segments, and the radial cross-section of the tunnel section is a rectangle, characterized in that: The rectangular tunnel segment is to place the rectangular tunnel segment with cylindrical connecting steel column holes prefabricated with the end face facing upwards, vertically, insert the connecting steel column, add bonding material into the connecting steel column hole, and place the rectangular tunnel segment with truncated cone connecting steel column holes prefabricated with the end face facing downwards, butt-joint and assemble downwards, and under the dual effects of the joint and the connecting steel column, the upper and lower rectangular tunnel segments are tightly assembled into a whole; The rectangular tunnel segments include Π-type rectangular tunnel segments, h-type rectangular tunnel segments, H-type multi-layer rectangular tunnel segments and ┣-type multi-layer rectangular tunnel segments. The Π-type rectangular tunnel segments are divided equally into left and right halves by taking their radial symmetry axis as tangents. The two halves have the same structural form and are named h-type rectangular tunnel segments. Similarly, the H-type rectangular tunnel segments are divided equally into left and right halves by taking their symmetry axis as tangents. The two halves have the same structural form but are different from the h-type rectangular tunnel segments and are named ┣-type rectangular tunnel segments. The ends of the Π-shaped rectangular tunnel segments are all joints, and the two sides are cubes with the same size of protrusions. The length of the cube is 1 / 4 of the length of the joint, the width is the same as the width of the joint, and the height is the same as the length. There is a cube-shaped gap in the middle, and the volume of the gap is twice the volume of the protrusion. During assembly, each protrusion of the joint is inserted into a gap, and one gap is inserted into two protrusions. Through the extrusion of the gap and the protrusion, and the protrusion and the protrusion side, each Π-shaped rectangular tunnel segment is riveted together; The Π-shaped rectangular tunnel segment has two forms. When assembled, the rectangular tunnel segment joint located at the upper layer of the tunnel has truncated cone-shaped connecting steel column holes on its protrusions and notches. Each protrusion has a truncated cone-shaped connecting steel column hole, and each notch has two truncated cone-shaped connecting steel column holes, which are equidistantly distributed in a straight line. The joint of the lower rectangular tunnel segment has cylindrical connecting steel column holes. The H-shaped rectangular tunnel segment has end joints on both the upper and lower sides. The connecting steel column hole of the upper joint is truncated cone-shaped, and the connecting steel column hole of the lower joint is cylindrical. When assembling, it is added in the middle of the single-layer tunnel, and the upper and lower parts are connected and fixed by connecting steel columns to obtain a double-layer rectangular tunnel.

2. The joint structure of the assembled rectangular tunnel lining according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The connecting steel column holes are divided into two types: the upper half and the lower half of the connecting steel column. The upper half of the connecting steel column hole is in the shape of an inverted truncated cone, and the lower half of the connecting steel column hole is cylindrical. The size of each connecting steel column hole is 1% larger than the connecting steel column.

3. The joint structure of the assembled rectangular tunnel lining according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The joints are staggered and connected, and the cubic protrusion on the right side of an upper rectangular tunnel segment and the left protrusion of another upper rectangular tunnel segment are inserted into the notch of a lower rectangular tunnel segment in parallel and fixed by extrusion mortise and tenon joint.

4. The joint structure of the assembled rectangular tunnel lining according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The connecting steel column is half cylindrical and the other half is a truncated cone-shaped steel structure. During assembly, bonding material is added to the connecting steel column hole of the lower tunnel joint, and the cylindrical end of the connecting steel column is inserted into the lower tunnel joint.

5. The joint structure of the assembled rectangular tunnel lining according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The joints are all provided with waterproof seams, which are two parallel waterproof seams, one close to the outside of the tunnel and the other close to the inside of the tunnel, with the connecting steel column hole sandwiched in the middle. Each waterproof seam extends straight from the front to the back of the segment and is trapezoidal in shape. The lower bottom surface is located on the side in contact with the air, and waterproof material is placed in the waterproof seam.

6. The method for installing the joint structure of the assembled rectangular tunnel lining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Use a crane to transport the rectangular tunnel segments transported from the site to the foundation pit, place multiple Π-shaped rectangular tunnel segments on the horizontal ground, place the long sides of the joints in the h-shaped rectangular tunnel segments close to the Π-shaped rectangular tunnel segments, and place only one on each side to form the first layer of the tunnel segment. The number of Π-shaped rectangular tunnel segments is determined by the actual length of the tunnel segment; (2) Check the assembly accuracy and surface cleanliness of the lower Π-shaped rectangular tunnel segment and the H-shaped rectangular tunnel segment. If the error is large, make adjustments and clean the joints after the adjustment. (3) After cleaning, pour bonding material into the holes of the connecting steel columns to enhance the connection strength of the upper and lower rectangular tunnel segments by utilizing the characteristics of the hydraulic inorganic cementitious material; (4) Immediately insert the connecting steel column into the connecting steel column hole after the hydraulic inorganic gelling material is poured, and the end surface of the connecting steel column is in contact with the bottom surface of the connecting steel column hole. When the hydraulic inorganic gelling material overflows, quickly clean it with a tool to ensure that the upper end surface of the connecting steel column is flush with the outer surface of the joint protrusion; (5) After inserting all the connecting steel columns, first clean the outer surface of the joint, then fill the waterproof joint with waterproof material, and finally apply waterproof coating on the outer surface of the joint; (6) For a single-layer rectangular tunnel section, only one more layer of rectangular tunnel segments needs to be assembled. The method is to hoist the Π-shaped rectangular tunnel segment or H-shaped rectangular tunnel segment assembled on top to the top of the insertion position in advance, and then apply the hydraulic inorganic gelling material to the upper end of the connecting steel column below the corresponding position. After applying, the rectangular tunnel segment is controlled to fall slowly and accurately docked under the guidance of the connecting steel column. Without the help of auxiliary external force, the joint is pressed and stuck by its own weight; (7) For a double-layer rectangular tunnel section, it is necessary to splice more H-shaped rectangular tunnel sections and ┣-shaped rectangular tunnel sections. The method is to hoist a piece of H-shaped rectangular tunnel section or ┣-shaped rectangular tunnel section above the Π-shaped rectangular tunnel section or the h-shaped rectangular tunnel section. After applying the hydraulic inorganic cementitious material, under the guidance of the connecting steel column, it is precisely docked with the Π-shaped rectangular tunnel section or the h-shaped rectangular tunnel section to complete the splicing of the second layer. Finally, the piece of Π-shaped rectangular tunnel section or the h-shaped rectangular tunnel section assembled on the top is hoisted above the H-shaped rectangular tunnel section or the ┣-shaped rectangular tunnel section, so that the connecting steel column is inserted into the upper end of the connecting steel column hole after the hydraulic inorganic cementitious material is applied; (8) During assembly, the rectangular tunnel segment can be inserted from any end, and all the rectangular tunnel segments can be inserted in sequence. After each rectangular tunnel segment is assembled, the remaining joints that have not yet been inserted with the rectangular tunnel segment are cleaned to ensure the docking accuracy of the next rectangular tunnel segment; (9) After all the rectangular tunnel segments are assembled, backfilling begins. During backfilling, care should be taken not to damage the normal operation of the waterproof layer and drainage system. Large machinery should not be used for the operation. When the backfill height is flush with the top surface of the tunnel, the backfill is compacted symmetrically on both sides. The backfill thickness should not be too large to prevent eccentric pressure caused by construction. Depending on the specific situation, large machinery can be used only after the backfill reaches a certain height.

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