Manufacturing method of riveted assembly, manufacturing method of hub unit bearing, riveting device, riveted assembly, and manufacturing method of vehicle

Abstract

A processing force is applied radially outward to a portion of the circumferential direction of the cylindrical portion (25) of the hub body (21), and the position where the processing force is applied is continuously changed in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical portion (25). A processing force is applied radially inward to a portion of the circumferential direction of the riveted portion intermediate body (41), and the position where the processing force is applied is continuously changed in the circumferential direction of the riveted portion intermediate body (41).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a riveting assembly part, a manufacturing method of a hub unit bearing, a riveting device, and a manufacturing method of a vehicle.

[0002] This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-074550 filed on April 10, 2019, Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-157605 filed on August 30, 2019, and International Application No. PCT / JP2020 / 006675 filed on February 20, 2020, and the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Background Art

[0003] A hub unit bearing is known as an example of a caulking assembly in which a first member and a second member are combined in the axial direction. A wheel and a brake rotating body of an automobile are rotatably supported relative to a suspension device by the hub unit bearing. Fig.13 An example of a conventionally known hub unit bearing is shown. The hub unit bearing 100 is formed by rotatably supporting a hub 102 on the inner diameter side of an outer ring 101 via a plurality of rolling elements 103a and 103b.

[0004] In addition, regarding the hub unit bearing 100, when the hub unit bearing 100 is assembled to the automobile, the axial outer side becomes the width direction outer side of the vehicle body, that is, Fig.13 When the hub unit bearing 1 is assembled to the vehicle, the axial inner side becomes the center side in the width direction of the vehicle body, that is, Fig.11 In addition, Fig.13 In the example, regarding the hub unit bearing 100 , the axially inner side corresponds to one axial side, and the axially outer side corresponds to the other axial side.

[0005] The outer ring 101 has multiple rows of outer ring raceways 104a, 104b on the inner circumference, and has a stationary flange 105 in the axial middle portion for fixing the outer ring 101 to the knuckle support of the suspension device. The wheel hub 102 has multiple rows of inner ring raceways 106a, 106b on the outer circumference, and has a rotating flange 107 in the axial outer portion for supporting and fixing the wheel and the brake rotating body to the wheel hub 102. A plurality of rolling elements 103a, 103b are arranged in each row between the multiple rows of outer ring raceways 104a, 104b and the multiple rows of inner ring raceways 106a, 106b. With such a configuration, the wheel hub 102 is rotatably supported on the inner diameter side of the outer ring 101.

[0006] exist Fig.13In the example of , the hub 102 is formed by combining a hub body (hub ring) 108 corresponding to the first hub assembly (first component) and an inner inner ring 109 corresponding to the second hub assembly (second component). The axially inner inner ring raceway 106a of the multiple rows of inner ring raceways 106a and 106b is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the inner inner ring 109. The axially outer inner ring raceway 106b of the multiple rows of inner ring raceways 106a and 106b is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the axial middle portion of the hub body 108. The rotating flange 107 is provided on the axially outer portion of the hub body 108. The hub body 108 has a fitting surface 110 on the outer peripheral surface of the axially inner portion, and has a step surface 111 facing the axial inner side at the axially outer end of the fitting surface 110. The inner inner ring 109 is externally fitted to the fitting surface 110 in a state where the axially outer end face is pressed against the step surface 111. In this state, the cylindrical portion 112 of the hub body 108 that protrudes axially inward compared to the portion where the inner inner ring 109 is externally fitted is plastically deformed radially outward, thereby forming a rivet portion 113. The axially inner end face of the inner inner ring 109 is pressed by the rivet portion 113. In this way, the axially inner end face of the inner inner ring 109 is pressed by the rivet portion 113, thereby applying preload to the rolling elements 103a and 103b. In addition, the rigidity required for the hub unit bearing 100 is ensured by the preload.

[0007] As a means for forming the rivet portion 113 used when manufacturing the hub unit bearing 100, the following is known. Fig.14 A riveting device 114 having a forging die (riveting die) 115 as shown (for example, refer to Japanese Patent Publication No. 2001-162338 (Patent Document 1)). The forging die 115 is supported to rotate freely around the rotation axis β, and the rotation axis β is inclined at an angle θ relative to the reference axis α. The forging die 115 has a processing surface 116 at the lower end. The processing surface 116 is composed of the inner surface of an annular recessed portion centered on the rotation axis β.

[0008] When forming the rivet portion 113, a portion of the processing surface portion 116 in the forging die 115 is pressed against a portion of the processing surface portion 116 in the cylindrical portion 112 of the hub body 108 in the circumferential direction while the central axis of the hub body 108 is aligned with the reference axis α, and the forging die 115 is driven to rotate around the reference axis α without rotating the hub body 108 around the reference axis α. In addition, along with the above operation, the forging die 115 is rotated around the rotation axis β based on the friction force acting on the contact portion between the processing surface portion 116 and the cylindrical portion 112. Thus, a processing force is applied from a portion of the processing surface portion 116 of the forging die 115 to a portion of the cylindrical portion 112 in the circumferential direction, which is directed downward (outward in the axial direction) and radially outward in the vertical direction, and the position to which the processing force is applied is continuously changed in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical portion 112. Thus, the cylindrical portion 112 is plastically deformed so as to be compressed in the axial direction and expanded radially outward, thereby forming the caulking portion 113 .

[0009] Prior art literature

[0010] Patent Literature

[0011] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2001-162338 Summary of the invention

[0012] From the perspective of improving the quality of the hub unit bearing 100, the manufacturing method of the existing hub unit bearing 100 as described above still has room for improvement. This point is explained below. That is, in the existing manufacturing method of the hub unit bearing 100, from the beginning to the end of the processing for forming the rivet portion 113, a processing force is applied from the processing surface 116 of the forging die 115 toward the cylindrical portion 112 in the downward direction and toward the radially outward direction. Therefore, in the final stage of the processing for forming the rivet portion 113, the wall portion of the axial inner end portion of the hub body 108 is as shown in FIG. Fig.14 As shown by the arrow Xo, the material flows radially outward along the axial inner side surface of the inner inner ring 109. Furthermore, due to such flow of the wall portion, a force in the diameter expansion direction is applied to the axial inner side surface of the inner inner ring 109, and the inner inner ring 109 expands in the diameter expansion direction.

[0013] In the manufacture of the hub unit bearing 100, it is desirable to prevent or suppress the expansion of the inner inner ring 109 in the direction of the diameter expansion caused by the processing of the rivet portion 113 as described above (shape control). Shape control of the inner ring 109 is beneficial in the following aspects: preventing the inner inner ring 109 from being broken due to the formation of the rivet portion 113; suppressing the deviation of the preload; and reducing the rotation resistance (friction force) of the hub 102 relative to the outer ring 101. In addition, the same is true for other riveted assemblies in which the first component and the second component are combined in the axial direction.

[0014] An object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a riveted assembly part, a method for manufacturing a hub unit bearing, a riveting device, a riveted assembly part, and a method for manufacturing a vehicle that are conducive to improving quality.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, a method for manufacturing a riveted assembly includes: a process of axially combining a first component and a second component, the second component having a hole for inserting the first component; and a process of forming a riveted portion on the first component, the riveted portion being a portion of the first component deformed radially outward, the process of forming the riveted portion including applying a load including a first load component directed radially inward to a radially outer portion of the first component.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, a hub unit bearing to be manufactured comprises: an outer ring having multiple rows of outer ring raceways on the inner circumference; a hub having multiple rows of inner ring raceways on the outer circumference; and multiple rolling elements arranged between the multiple rows of inner ring raceways and the multiple rows of outer ring raceways and in each row.

[0017] The hub includes a first hub assembly and a second hub assembly having a plurality of rows of inner ring raceways on one axial side of the inner ring raceways on an outer peripheral surface.

[0018] The second hub assembly is externally fitted to the first hub assembly, and the side surface on one axial side is pressed by a rivet portion provided at one axial end portion of the first hub assembly.

[0019] In addition, as the structure of the hub unit bearing that is the manufacturing object of the present invention, a structure in which a plurality of rows of inner ring raceways are arranged axially outside the inner ring raceways on the outer peripheral surface of the first hub assembly, and a structure in which a plurality of rows of inner ring raceways are arranged axially outside the inner ring raceways on the outer peripheral surface of another hub assembly embedded outside the first hub assembly can be adopted.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present invention, a method for manufacturing a hub unit bearing includes: a step of axially combining the first hub assembly and the second hub assembly; and a rivet forming step of forming the rivet on the first hub assembly. The rivet forming step includes: applying a load including a first load component directed radially inward to a radially outer portion of the first hub assembly.

[0021] For example, the caulking portion forming step can include the following first step and second step.

[0022] The first step is a step of applying a processing force toward the other axial side and radially outward to a portion of the cylindrical portion at one axial end of the first hub assembly before the rivet portion is formed, and the position where the processing force is applied is continuously changed in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical portion, so that the cylindrical portion is plastically deformed in a manner of being pressed and expanded radially outward while being crushed in the axial direction, thereby forming a rivet portion intermediate body,

[0023] The second step is as follows: by applying a processing force toward the other axial side and toward the radial inside to a part of the circumferential direction of the riveted portion intermediate body, and at the same time making the position where the processing force is applied continuously change in the circumferential direction of the riveted portion intermediate body, the riveted portion intermediate body is plastically deformed in a manner of being pushed toward the radial inside while being crushed in the axial direction, thereby forming the riveted portion.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present invention, in order to apply the processing force to the processing object part which is the cylindrical part or the riveted part intermediate body and continuously change the position where the processing force is applied in the circumferential direction of the processing object part, a manufacturing method presses a circumferential portion of a processing surface portion in a forging die having a rotation axis and a processing surface portion against a circumferential portion of the processing object part, and at the same time, causes the first hub assembly and the forging die to rotate relative to each other about the central axis of the first hub assembly, the rotation axis being inclined relative to the central axis of the first hub assembly, and the processing surface portion being composed of an inner surface of an annular recess centered on the rotation axis.

[0025] For example, as more specific aspects of this case, the following first to third aspects can be adopted.

[0026] In the first method, a portion of the machining surface portion in the forging die is pressed against a portion of the machining object portion in the circumferential direction, and at the same time, instead of rotating the forging die around the central axis of the first hub assembly, the first hub assembly is driven to rotate around the central axis of the first hub assembly, thereby rotating the forging die around the rotation axis based on the friction force acting on the contact portion between the machining surface portion and the machining object portion.

[0027] In the second method, a portion of the machining surface portion in the forging die in the circumferential direction is pressed against a portion of the machining object portion in the circumferential direction, and the forging die is not rotated around the central axis of the first hub assembly, but is rotationally driven around the central axis of the first hub assembly, thereby rotating the first hub assembly around the central axis of the first hub assembly based on the friction force acting on the contact portion between the machining surface portion and the machining object portion.

[0028] In the third method, a portion of the machining surface portion in the forging die is pressed against a portion of the machining object portion in the circumferential direction, and at the same time, instead of rotating the first hub assembly around the central axis of the first hub assembly, the forging die is rotationally driven around the central axis of the first hub assembly, thereby rotating the forging die around the rotation axis based on the friction force acting on the contact portion between the machining surface portion and the machining object portion.

[0029] In one embodiment of the present invention, the position of the forging die in the second step in the axial direction of the rotating shaft may be offset toward the first hub assembly compared to the position of the forging die in the first step in the axial direction of the rotating shaft.

[0030] In one aspect of the present invention, the inclination angle of the rotation axis with respect to the center axis of the first hub assembly in the second step may be greater than the inclination angle of the rotation axis with respect to the center axis of the first hub assembly in the first step.

[0031] In one aspect of the present invention, the timing for ending the first step may be determined using a value of a torque for relatively rotating the first hub assembly and the forging die about a central axis of the first hub assembly.

[0032] In one aspect of the present invention, the first step and the second step may be performed using a single caulking device.

[0033] In one aspect of the present invention, the first step and the second step may be performed using different caulking devices.

[0034] In this case, as the forging die provided in each of the caulking device for performing the first step and the caulking device for performing the second step, dies having the same shape and size can be used.

[0035] In one embodiment of the present invention, the riveting device comprises: a reference axis; a forging die having a rotation axis inclined relative to the reference axis and a processing surface formed by the inner surface of an annular recess centered on the rotation axis; and a mechanism for displacing the forging die along the axial direction of the rotation axis.

[0036] In one embodiment of the present invention, the riveting device comprises: a reference axis; a forging die having a rotation axis inclined relative to the reference axis and a processing surface composed of an inner surface of an annular recess centered on the rotation axis; and a mechanism for changing the inclination angle of the rotation axis relative to the reference axis.

[0037] In one aspect of the present invention, a mechanism may be further provided for rotationally driving the first hub assembly about the reference axis in a state where the central axis of the first hub assembly is aligned with the reference axis.

[0038] In one aspect of the present invention, a mechanism for rotationally driving the forging die about the rotation axis may be further provided.

[0039] In one embodiment of the present invention, a riveted assembly comprises: a first component; and a second component having a hole for inserting the first component and being axially combined with the first component, the first component having a riveted portion relative to the two components formed by deforming the axial end of the first component radially outward, and the riveted portion having a deformation portion obtained by applying a load to the radially outer portion.

[0040] In one aspect of the present invention, a vehicle includes the above-mentioned hub unit bearing.

[0041] In one aspect of the present invention, a method for manufacturing a vehicle manufactures the hub unit bearing by the above-mentioned method for manufacturing the hub unit bearing.

[0042] Effects of the Invention

[0043] According to the present invention, a method for manufacturing a riveted assembly part, a method for manufacturing a hub unit bearing, a riveting device, a riveted assembly part, and a method for manufacturing a vehicle are provided, which are advantageous in improving quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the hub unit bearing is assembled to a vehicle.

[0045] Figure 2 (A) is a front view of a riveting device in one embodiment. Figure 2 (B) is from Figure 2 A diagram viewed from the right of (A).

[0046] Figure 3 (A) is a partial cross-sectional view showing a state at the beginning of the process of forming the caulking portion. Figure 3 (B) is a partial cross-sectional view showing an intermediate stage of the process.

[0047] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 (B) is an enlarged view of part A.

[0048] Figure 5 (A) represents the middle stage of the process of forming the rivet portion and then Figure 3 (B) A partial cross-sectional view of the stage. Figure 5 (B) is a partial cross-sectional view showing the state at the end of the process.

[0049] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 (B) is an enlarged view of part B.

[0050] Figure 7 yes Figure 5 Enlarged view of part C in (B).

[0051] Figure 8 This is a graph showing the time change of the torque for relatively rotating the forging die and the hub body about the reference axis when the caulking portion is formed without changing the position of the forging die in the rotation axis direction and the angle between the reference axis and the rotation axis.

[0052] Fig. 9 (A) and Fig. 9 (B) is related to other embodiments Figure 5 (A) and Figure 5 (B) The same figure.

[0053] Fig.10 yes Fig. 9 Enlarged view of part D of (B).

[0054] Fig.11 is a partial schematic diagram of a vehicle having a hub unit bearing (bearing unit).

[0055] Fig.12 This is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a hub unit bearing using tapered rollers.

[0056] Fig.13 This is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a conventionally known hub unit bearing.

[0057] Fig.14 This is a partial cross-sectional view showing a state where a caulking portion is formed by a conventional method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] [First embodiment]

[0059] use Figures 1 to 8 An embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[0060] (Configuration of Hub Unit Bearing 1)

[0061] Figure 1 The hub unit bearing 1 to be manufactured is shown. The hub unit bearing (staking assembly, staking unit) 1 is for a driven wheel and includes an outer ring 2, a hub 3, and a plurality of rolling elements 4a, 4b.

[0062] In addition, regarding the hub unit bearing 1, when assembled to the vehicle, the axial outer side is the outer side in the width direction of the vehicle, that is, Figure 1When assembled to the vehicle, the axial inner side becomes the center side in the width direction of the vehicle, that is, Figure 1 In addition, in this example, regarding the hub unit bearing 1, the axially inner side corresponds to the axially one side, and the axially outer side corresponds to the axially other side.

[0063] The outer ring 2 has multiple rows of outer ring raceways 5a, 5b and a stationary flange 6. In one example, the outer rings 5a, 5b are made of hard metal such as medium carbon steel. In other examples, the outer rings 5a, 5b can be formed of other materials. Multiple rows of outer ring raceways 5a, 5b are provided on the inner circumference of the axial middle portion of the outer ring 2 over the entire circumference. The stationary flange 6 protrudes radially outward from the axial middle portion of the outer ring 2 and has support holes 7 as threaded holes at multiple locations in the circumferential direction.

[0064] The outer ring 2 is supported and fixed to the knuckle 8 by bolts 10 inserted into through holes 9 of the knuckle 8 constituting the suspension device of the vehicle being screwed and fastened into the support holes 7 of the stationary flange 6 from the axial inside.

[0065] The hub (riveted assembly, riveted unit) 3 is coaxially arranged on the radial inner side of the outer ring 2. The hub 3 has multiple rows of inner ring raceways 11a, 11b and a rotating flange 12. The multiple rows of inner ring raceways 11a, 11b are provided over the entire circumference of the outer peripheral surface (outer surface) of the hub 3, which is opposite to the multiple rows of outer ring raceways 5a, 5b. The rotating flange 12 protrudes radially outward from a portion of the hub 3 that is axially outward relative to the outer ring 2, and has mounting holes 13 at multiple locations in the circumferential direction.

[0066] In one example, in order to connect and fix the brake rotating body 14 such as a brake disc and a brake drum to the rotating flange 12, the serration portion provided on the portion near the base end of the stud 15 is pressed into the mounting hole 13. In addition, the middle portion of the stud 15 is pressed into the through hole 16 of the brake rotating body 14. Furthermore, in order to fix the wheel 17 constituting the wheel to the rotating flange 12, the convex thread portion provided on the front end of the stud 15 is inserted into the through hole 18 of the wheel 17, and the nut 19 is screwed and tightened with the convex thread portion.

[0067] A plurality of rolling elements 4a and 4b are arranged in each row between the multiple rows of outer ring raceways 5a and 5b and the multiple rows of inner ring raceways 11a and 11b. In one example, the rolling elements 4a and 4b are made of hard metal such as bearing steel or ceramic. In other examples, the rolling elements 4a and 4b can be formed of other materials. The rolling elements 4a and 4b are held in each row by retaining frames 20a and 20b so as to roll freely. Figure 1 In the example, balls are used as rolling elements 4a and 4b, but Fig.12 As shown in the example, tapered rollers (bevel hubs) are sometimes used.

[0068] The wheel hub (riveted assembly, riveted unit) 3 is composed of a wheel hub body (first component, wheel hub ring) 21, an inner inner ring (second component) 22a, and an outer inner ring 22b. In one example, the wheel hub body 21 is made of hard metal such as medium carbon steel. The inner inner ring 22a and the outer inner ring 22b are respectively made of hard metal such as bearing steel. In other examples, the wheel hub body 21, the inner inner ring 22a, and the outer inner ring 22b can be formed of other materials. The wheel hub (riveted assembly) 3 is essentially composed of the wheel hub body (first component) 21 and the inner rings (second component) 22a, 22b combined in the axial direction. The wheel hub 3 has: a wheel hub body 21 having an outer peripheral surface (outer surface) 23; and inner rings 22a, 22b arranged on the outer peripheral surface (outer surface) 23 of the wheel hub body 21 and retained by the wheel hub body 21. In addition, the hub body 21 is equivalent to the first hub assembly (first component), and the inner inner ring 22a is equivalent to the second hub assembly (second component). The inner ring raceway 11a on the axial inner side is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the inner inner ring 22a. The inner ring raceway 11b on the axial outer side is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the outer inner ring 22b. The rotating flange 12 is provided on the axial outer side of the hub body 21. The hub body 21 has a cylindrical fitting surface 23 on the outer peripheral surface of the axial middle part. In addition, the hub body 21 has a step surface 24 facing the axial inner side at the axial outer side end of the fitting surface 23. The inner inner ring 22a and the outer inner ring 22b are externally fitted to the fitting surface 23 of the hub body 21 by interference fit (press-fitting). In addition, the hub body 21 has a rivet portion 26 at the axial inner side end. The rivet 26 is bent radially outward from the axial inner end of the portion of the hub body 21 where the inner inner ring 22a is embedded, and presses the axial inner side surface of the inner inner ring 22a. That is, the inner inner ring 22a and the outer inner ring 22b are fixed to the hub body 21 in a state where they are clamped axially between the step surface 24 of the hub body 21 and the rivet 26. In this state, a preload is applied to the rolling elements 4a and 4b together with the back combined contact angle. In one example, the hub body 21 has a rivet 26 (a rivet 26 for holding the inner rings 22a and 22b) relative to the inner rings 22a and 22b. The hub body 21 is inserted into the hole 120 of the inner rings 22a and 22b. The rivet 26 is provided in the peripheral wall of the hub body 21, and the rivet 26 has a curve extending in the circumferential direction and covers the axial end of the inner ring 22a.

[0069] In addition, the rivet portion 26 is formed by plastically deforming the cylindrical portion 25 extending axially inward at the axially inner end of the portion of the hub body 21 on which the inner inner ring 22a is externally fitted before the rivet portion 26 is formed. In one embodiment, the hub body 1 has a rivet portion 26 relative to the inner ring 22a formed by deforming the axial end of the hub body 1 radially outward, and the rivet portion has a deformation portion (processing mark) 130 ( Figure 7 ).

[0070] (Configuration of Riveting Device 27)

[0071] Next, refer to Figures 2 to 4 The following describes the caulking device 27 for forming the caulking portion 26 and combining and fixing the hub body 21, the inner inner ring 22a, and the outer inner ring 22b.

[0072] like Figure 2 As shown in the schematic structure of , the riveting device 27 includes a frame 28 , a workpiece side device (first device) 29 , and a tool side device (second device) 30 .

[0073] The frame 28 includes a lower frame 31 , an upper frame 32 disposed above the lower frame 31 , and a plurality of support columns 33 for supporting the upper frame 32 relative to the lower frame 31 .

[0074] The workpiece side device 29 is supported by the lower frame 31. The workpiece side device 29 includes a holding device 34, an outer ring support mechanism (not shown), a pressing mechanism (not shown), and a rotation drive mechanism (not shown).

[0075] The retaining device 34 is capable of supporting the hub body 21 that is assembled as described later and constitutes the hub unit bearing 1 before the rivet portion 26 is formed. Specifically, the retaining device 34 is capable of supporting the axially outer side (lower side) of the hub 3 (hub body 21) in a state where the axially inner side of the hub unit bearing 1 before the rivet portion 26 is formed is directed upward and the center axis of the hub 3 (the center axis of the hub body 21) is aligned with the reference axis α in the vertical direction that is its own center axis.

[0076] The outer ring support mechanism is a mechanism for non-rotatably supporting the outer ring 2 in a state where the axially outer side portion of the hub body 21 constituting the hub unit bearing 1 is supported by the retaining device 34 .

[0077] The pressing mechanism is a mechanism that uses a hydraulic pump as a driving source, for example, to move the retaining device 34 and the outer ring support mechanism in the axial direction (up and down direction) of the reference axis α. Therefore, the pressing mechanism can move the hub unit bearing 1 supported by the retaining device 34 and the outer ring support mechanism in the axial direction (up and down direction) of the reference axis α.

[0078] The rotational drive mechanism is a mechanism using an electric motor as a driving source, for example, and rotationally drives the holding device 34 about the reference axis α. Therefore, the rotational drive mechanism can rotationally drive the hub 3 supported by the holding device 34 about the reference axis α.

[0079] The tool side device 30 is supported by the upper frame 32. The tool side device 30 includes a mandrel 35 with a cylinder and a forging die 37 (forming die, caulking die).

[0080] The spindle 35 with a cylinder body has a cylinder device 38 of a hydraulic or pneumatic type, and a spindle 39. The cylinder device 38 supports the spindle 39 rotatably inside the cylinder device 38, and the rotation is centered on the central axis β of the spindle 39. The cylinder device 38 can displace the spindle 39 in the axial direction of the central axis β. Such a spindle 35 with a cylinder body is supported relative to the upper frame 32 in a state where the central axis β of the spindle 39 is tilted at an angle θ relative to the reference axis α. In addition, Figure 2 (A) and the following Figure 3 (A) Figure 3 (B) Figure 5 (A) Figure 5 (B) Figure 6 Point P in is the intersection point between the reference axis α and the rotation axis β.

[0081] The forging die 37 is fixed to the lower end portion, which is the front end portion of the spindle 39, coaxially with the spindle 39 directly or via other components. Therefore, the forging die 37 is rotatably supported by the cylinder device 38 via the spindle 39, and the rotation is a rotation centered on its own central axis (central axis β of the spindle 39). In addition, the cylinder device 38 can displace the forging die 37 in the axial direction of the central axis β via the spindle 39. In addition, in the following description, the central axis of the forging die 37 is appropriately referred to as the rotation axis β (that is, the same symbol β as the central axis of the spindle 39 is used as the symbol of the rotation axis). The forging die 37 has a processed surface portion 40 formed by the inner surface of an annular recess centered on the rotation axis β on the lower end face, which is the front end face.

[0082] (Manufacturing Method of Hub Unit Bearing 1)

[0083] Next, a method for forming the rivet portion 26 using the rivet device 27 when manufacturing the hub unit bearing 1 is described. The manufacturing method of the hub unit bearing 1 includes a step of combining the hub body (first hub assembly) 21 and the inner rings (second hub assembly) 22a, 22b in the axial direction; and a rivet portion forming step of forming the rivet portion 26 on the hub body 21 relative to the inner ring 22a. In one embodiment, the rivet portion forming step includes applying a load including a first load component directed radially inward to the radially outer portion of the hub body 21 as described later.

[0084] The operation of forming the caulking portion 26 is performed in a state where the hub unit bearing 1 is assembled (a first assembled state) before the caulking portion 26 is formed. Therefore, the hub unit bearing 1 is assembled in advance before the caulking portion 26 is formed.

[0085] The hub unit bearing 1 before the caulking portion 26 is formed can be assembled in an appropriate order, but can be assembled, for example, in the following order. First, the rolling elements 4a of the axially inner row are arranged on the inner diameter side of the outer ring raceway 5a of the axially inner side of the outer ring 2 while being held by the axially inner retainer 20a. Furthermore, the rolling elements 4b of the axially outer row are arranged on the inner diameter side of the outer ring raceway 5b of the axially outer side of the outer ring 2 while being held by the axially outer retainer 20b. Next, the inner inner ring 22a is inserted from the axially inner side to the inner diameter side of the outer ring 2. Furthermore, the outer inner ring 22b is inserted from the axially outer side. Next, the inner inner ring 22a and the outer inner ring 22b are fitted onto the fitting surface 23 of the hub body 21 before the caulking portion 26 is formed while the axially opposite side surfaces are in contact with each other. Furthermore, the axially outer side surface of the outer inner ring 22b is brought into contact with the step surface 24 of the hub body 21. In this way, the hub unit bearing 1 is assembled before the caulking portion 26 is formed. In addition, the assembly order can be changed as appropriate.

[0086] When the riveting device 27 is used to form the riveted portion 26, first, the hub unit bearing 1 before the riveting portion 26 is formed is set on the riveting device 27. Specifically, Figure 3 As shown in (A), the axial inner side of the hub unit bearing 1 before the caulking portion 26 is formed is oriented upward, and the central axis of the hub 3 is aligned with the reference axis α (which is the central axis of the retaining device 34 constituting the caulking device 27). Figure 2 (A) and Figure 2 (B)) supports the axially outer side (lower side) of the hub body 21. The outer ring 2 is supported by the outer ring support mechanism so as to be non-rotatable. In addition, the hub unit bearing 1 is in a state before the processing of the caulking portion 26 is started. Figure 3The forging die 37 is located below the position shown in (A), and does not contact the cylindrical portion 25 of the hub body 21 .

[0087] As described above, the hub unit bearing 1 before the caulking portion 26 is formed is set in the caulking device 27, and then the forming operation of the caulking portion 26 is started. In this example, the forming operation of the caulking portion 26 is performed in a divided first step and a second step.

[0088] In the first step, the holding device 34 is driven to rotate by the rotation drive mechanism of the workpiece side device 29, thereby rotating the hub 3 relative to the outer ring 2 around the reference axis α. In this state, the holding device 34 and the outer ring support mechanism are moved upward by the pressing mechanism of the workpiece side device 29, thereby moving the hub unit bearing 1 upward. Figure 3 As shown in (A), a portion of the machining surface 40 in the forging die 37 in the circumferential direction is pressed against a portion of the circumferential direction of the cylindrical portion 25, and at the same time, instead of rotating the forging die 37 around the reference axis α, the hub 3 is rotated relative to the outer ring 2 around the reference axis α. And, accompanying this operation, based on the friction force acting on the contact portion between the machining surface 40 and the cylindrical portion 25, the forging die 37 is rotated around the rotation axis β. Thus, a machining force Fo is applied from a portion of the machining surface 40 of the forging die 37 in the circumferential direction to a portion of the cylindrical portion 25 in the circumferential direction, toward the lower side in the up-down direction and toward the radial outside, and at the same time, the position to which the machining force Fo is applied is continuously changed in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical portion 25. A load including a load component toward the radial outside is applied to the cylindrical portion 25 using the forging die 37, and in addition, the position to which the load is applied moves in the circumferential direction. Thus, as Figure 3 (A) to Figure 3 (B) and Figure 4 As shown, the cylindrical portion 25 is plastically deformed so as to be pressed and expanded radially outward while being crushed in the axial direction, thereby forming the caulking portion intermediate body 41 .

[0089] In one example, Figure 3 (B) and Figure 4 As shown, the rivet intermediate body 41 is configured such that the axially outer side surface of the rivet intermediate body 41 is lightly in contact with the axially inner side surface of the inner inner ring 22a to such an extent that the inner ring raceway 11a on the axial inner side is not deformed, or is in a shape that does not contact the axially inner side surface of the inner inner ring 22a. In other words, the rivet intermediate body 41 is in a shape such that the preload of the hub unit bearing 1 does not change with the formation of the rivet intermediate body 41. In addition, in this example, as Figure 3 (B) and Figure 4As shown, in the portion where the machined surface 40 contacts the axial inner side surface of the caulking portion intermediate body 41, both the radial inner portion 42 and the radial outer portion 43 of the machined surface 40 are in contact with the caulking portion intermediate body 41. Here, the radial inner portion 42 of the machined surface 40 is a portion inclined in a direction in which the radial direction is inclined toward the outside ( Figure 3 (B) and Figure 4 The right side of the hub body 21 is away from the hub body 21 in the axial direction of the reference axis α. Figure 3 (B) and Figure 4 On the other hand, the radially outer portion 43 of the machined surface portion 40 is a portion that is inclined in a direction that approaches the hub body 21 in the axial direction of the reference axis α as it approaches the outer side in the radial direction with respect to the reference axis α as the center. Figure 3 (B) and Figure 4 In this example, at a point after the rivet intermediate body 41 as described above is formed, the upward movement of the hub unit bearing 1 is temporarily stopped based on the upward movement of the stop holding device 34 and the outer ring support mechanism performed by the pressing mechanism of the workpiece side device 29.

[0090] In one example, in order to form the caulking intermediate body 41 as described above, the timing (time) of stopping the upward movement of the hub unit bearing 1 is determined based on the torque for rotating the holding device 34 by the rotation drive mechanism (the torque for causing the forging die 37 and the hub 3 to rotate relative to each other around the reference axis α), that is, the driving torque Ts. Figure 8 The driving torque Ts can be measured based on, for example, the current value of the electric motor that is the driving source of the rotation drive mechanism.

[0091] Figure 8 It is a line graph showing the time change of the driving torque Ts when the cylindrical portion 25 is processed into the rivet portion 26 without temporarily stopping the upward movement of the hub unit bearing 1. In this case, the driving torque Ts gradually increases in the time band t1 after the start of the processing, then stabilizes at a substantially constant value in the time band t2, then gradually decreases in the time band t3, and then stabilizes at a substantially constant value again in the time band t4.

[0092] The axial inner end portion (cylindrical portion 25, caulking portion intermediate body 41, caulking portion 26) of the hub body 21 processed by the processing surface portion 40 of the forging die 37 is in a state of not contacting the axial inner side surface of the inner inner ring 22a in the time zones t1 and t2. In the time zone t3, the axial inner end portion is in a state of contacting the axial inner side surface of the inner inner ring 22a to such an extent that the inner inner ring 22a does not deform in the radial expansion direction (the inner ring raceway 11a on the axial inner side does not deform). In the time zone t4, the inner inner ring 22a deforms in the radial expansion direction. In addition, the shape of the axial inner end portion of the hub body 21 at this time looks almost the same (a curved shape like the caulking portion 26 after completion) in each of the time zones t2, t3, and t4.

[0093] Therefore, in this example, while confirming the driving torque Ts, the upward movement of the hub unit bearing 1 is temporarily stopped at a time point before the inner inner ring 22a is deformed in the diameter expansion direction, that is, before entering the time zone t4. Here, as the time point before entering the time zone t4, for example, the following time points can be used: the time point Q1 when the driving torque Ts first begins to stabilize at a nearly fixed value after the time point immediately after the transfer to the time zone t2, that is, after the start of processing, and the time point Q2 when the driving torque Ts begins to decrease from the time point immediately after the transfer to the time zone t3, that is, after the start of processing, when the driving torque Ts first stabilizes at a nearly fixed value.

[0094] Furthermore, in this example, after the caulking intermediate body 41 is formed, the upward movement of the hub unit bearing 1 is temporarily stopped. Then, the holding device 34 and the outer ring support mechanism are moved downward by the pressing mechanism of the workpiece side device 29, so that the hub unit bearing 1 is slightly moved downward. Figure 3 (B) to Figure 5 As shown in (A) of FIG. 2 , the processing surface portion 40 of the forging die 37 and the caulking portion intermediate body 41 are separated in the vertical direction, thereby completing the first step.

[0095] In the second step, Figure 5 In the state shown in (A), the mandrel 39 of the cylinder device 38 is displaced in the axial direction, thereby displacing the forging die 37 in the axial direction of the rotation axis β toward the hub 3 side (in the direction of the arrow S1) by a predetermined amount λ (for example, λ = 0.1 mm to 5 mm). Figure 5 (B) Enlarged view of part B Figure 6 As shown, the front end position Z of the forging die 37 is located at a position slightly offset to the left in the figure compared to the reference axis α.

[0096] And, in this state, the retaining device 34 and the outer ring support mechanism are moved upward by the pressing mechanism of the workpiece side device 29, thereby moving the hub unit bearing 1 upward again. As a result, a part of the circumferential direction of the machining surface 40 in the forging die 37 is pressed to a part of the circumferential direction of the riveted portion intermediate body 41, and at the same time, instead of rotating the forging die 37 around the reference axis α, the wheel hub 3 is rotated relative to the outer ring 2 around the reference axis α. A load including a load component toward the radial inside is applied to the radially outer portion of the riveted portion intermediate body 41 using the forging die 37, and the position to which the load is applied moves in the circumferential direction. And, accompanying this operation, based on the friction force acting on the contact portion between the machining surface 40 and the riveted portion intermediate body 41, the forging die 37 is rotated around the rotation axis β. As a result, as Figure 5 (A) to Figure 5 (B) and Figure 7 As shown, the rivet portion intermediate body 41 is plastically deformed so as to be pushed radially inward while being crushed in the axial direction, thereby forming the rivet portion 26 .

[0097] Here, in this example, the forging die 37 is displaced by a predetermined amount in the direction of the arrow S1 as described above, so that Figure 5 (A) to Figure 5 (B) and Figure 7 When the rivet 26 is formed as shown, in the portion where the processed surface 40 contacts the axial inner side surface of the rivet intermediate body 41 (rivet 26), the radial inner portion 42 of the processed surface 40 does not contact the rivet intermediate body 41 (rivet 26), and only the radial outer portion 43 contacts the rivet intermediate body 41 (rivet 26). As a result, a processing force Fi is applied from a portion of the circumferential direction of the processed surface 40 to a portion of the circumferential direction of the rivet intermediate body 41 (rivet 26) in the downward and radially inward direction. In other words, in this example, when Figure 5 (A) to Figure 5 (B) and Figure 7 When the rivet portion 26 is formed as shown, in the portion where the processed surface portion 40 contacts the axial inner surface of the rivet portion intermediate body 41 (rivet portion 26), the amount of displacement of the forging die 37 in the direction of the arrow S1 as described above is limited in such a manner that only the radially outer portion 43 in the processed surface portion 40 contacts the rivet portion intermediate body 41 (rivet portion 26).

[0098] As described above, in this example, in the second step of forming the rivet portion 26, a processing force Fi is applied from the radially outer portion 43 of the processing surface portion 40 to the rivet portion 26 in the downward and radially inward direction (including a load inwardly inwardly in the radial direction). Figure 7The inner ring 22a flows radially inward along the axial inner side surface of the inner inner ring 22a as indicated by the arrow Xi. In addition, in this example, since the radial inner side portion 42 of the processed surface portion 40 and the rivet portion 26 are not in contact at this time, there is a gap between the radial inner side portion 42 and the rivet portion 26, so the flow of the wall portion in the direction indicated by the arrow Xi mentioned above can be easily generated based on the existence of the gap. And, in this example, by such flow of the wall portion, a force in the direction of reducing the diameter is applied to the axial inner side surface of the inner ring 22a. Therefore, in this example, the expansion of the inner ring 22a in the direction of expanding the diameter caused by the formation of the rivet portion 26 can be prevented or suppressed. As a result, the rupture of the inner ring 22a caused by the formation of the rivet portion 26 can be prevented, the deviation of the preload can be suppressed, and the rotational resistance (friction force) of the hub 3 relative to the outer ring 2 can be reduced. Thus, in this example, the process of forming the rivet portion 26 includes: a first process of applying a load including a load component toward the radially outer side to the hub body 21 using the forging die 37 to deform a part of the hub body 21 toward the radially outer side; and a second process of applying a load including a load component toward the radially inner side to the radially outer side of the deformed part (rivet portion intermediate body (intermediate rivet portion) 41) of the hub body 21 using the forging die 37. In one example, at least one of the movement, position, and posture of the forging die 37 is different between the first process and the second process. In one example, the rivet portion intermediate body (intermediate rivet portion) 41 is defined as the axial end shape of the hub body 21 that has been at least partially deformed in the first process. Or the rivet portion intermediate body (intermediate rivet portion) 41 is defined as the axial end shape of the hub body 21 at the point in time when the control of the outer shape is completed in the second process. For example, the rivet intermediate body (intermediate rivet) 41 has the shape of the axial end of the hub body 21 at the time when the application adjustment of the load including the radial inner load component is completed. The adjusted load is fixedly applied to the intermediate rivet 41 to form the final rivet 26. In one example, the rivet intermediate body (intermediate rivet) 41 is substantially non-contacting with the inner ring 22a. In other examples, the rivet intermediate body (intermediate rivet) 41 is substantially in contact with the inner ring 22a.

[0099] Alternatively and / or additionally, the torque applied from the outer ring 2 to the outer ring support mechanism of the workpiece side device 29 can be measured when forming the rivet portion 26. Since the value of this torque is a magnitude corresponding to the preload of the hub unit bearing 1 that increases with the formation of the rivet portion 26, the completion time of the operation of forming the rivet portion 26 can be determined based on the measured value of the torque.

[0100] In other examples, as a structure for relatively moving the forging die 37 (and the spindle 35 with a cylinder body) and the hub unit bearing 1 (and the retaining device 34) in the axial direction of the reference axis α when forming the rivet portion 26, it is also possible to replace the structure in which the hub unit bearing 1 (and the retaining device 34) is moved in the axial direction of the reference axis α with a structure in which the forging die 37 (and the spindle 35 with a cylinder body) is moved in the axial direction of the reference axis α.

[0101] In a modified example, a configuration can be adopted in which the forging die 37 (and the mandrel 39) can be rotationally driven by a rotation drive mechanism about the rotation axis β and the hub 3 (and the holding device 34) can be rotatably supported about the reference axis α. In the case of adopting such a configuration, when forming the caulking portion 26, a portion of the processing surface portion 40 in the forging die 37 in the circumferential direction is pressed against a portion of the processing target portion (cylindrical portion 25, caulking portion intermediate body 41) in the circumferential direction, and the forging die 37 is not rotated about the reference axis α, but is rotationally driven about the rotation axis β. And, accompanying this operation, the hub 3 is rotated about the reference axis α based on the friction force acting on the contact portion between the processing surface portion 40 and the processing target portion (cylindrical portion 25, caulking portion intermediate body 41). That is, in the above example, by rotationally driving the hub 3 about the reference axis α, the processing of the processing target portion is performed while the forging die 37 is driven to rotate about the rotation axis β. In this example, the forging die 37 is driven to rotate about the rotation axis β, and the processing target portion can be processed while the hub 3 is driven to rotate about the reference axis α.

[0102] [Second embodiment]

[0103] use Fig. 9 as well as Fig.10 Other embodiments of the present invention will be described.

[0104] In one embodiment, as a caulking device for forming the caulking portion 26, a caulking device is used. Figure 2 The riveting device 27 shown is a different device. In one embodiment, the riveting device is relative to Figure 2The riveting device 27 shown is a device formed by adding a mechanism that changes the inclination angle θ of the rotation axis β relative to the reference axis α. The mechanism that changes the inclination angle θ of the rotation axis β relative to the reference axis α can be implemented using the following arc-shaped linear guide device, which, for example, has an arc-shaped guide rail and a guide block that moves along the guide rail. Specifically, in a state where the center of curvature of the arc-shaped guide rail is consistent with the intersection P between the reference axis α and the rotation axis β, the guide rail is fixed to the upper frame 32, and the guide block is fixed to the spindle 35 with a cylinder body. In this state, by moving the guide block along the guide rail, as long as the spindle 35 with a cylinder body and the forging die 37 (rotation axis β) swing around the intersection P as the center, the inclination angle θ can be changed. In one example, the mechanism for changing the tilt angle θ further includes an angle adjustment motor, which is a drive source for swinging the cylinder-carrying spindle 35 and the forging die 37 (rotation axis β) about the intersection point P (adjusting the tilt angle θ). In addition, when implementing the present invention, as the mechanism for changing the tilt angle θ, an appropriate mechanism different from the above can be adopted.

[0105] In one example, the first step of the operation of forming the rivet 26 is performed in the same manner as in the first example of the embodiment. In this example, in the second step of the operation of forming the rivet 26, the method for applying the processing force Fi toward the lower side in the up-down direction and toward the radial inner side from a portion of the circumferential direction of the processing surface portion 40 to a portion of the circumferential direction of the rivet intermediate body 41 (rivet 26) is different from the above-mentioned embodiment.

[0106] That is, in this example, in the second step, first, the angle adjustment motor is driven, such as Fig. 9 As shown in (A), the forging die 37 is swung in the direction of arrow S2 with the intersection point P between the reference axis α and the rotation axis β as the center, thereby increasing the inclination angle θ of the rotation axis β relative to the reference axis α by a predetermined amount (for example, 1° to 15°). Fig. 9 (A) to Fig. 9 (B) and Fig.10 As shown, when the rivet 26 is formed by the rivet intermediate body 41, in the portion where the processed surface 40 contacts the axial inner side surface of the rivet intermediate body 41 (rivet 26), only the radial outer side portion 43 of the processed surface 40 contacts the rivet intermediate body 41 (rivet 26). As a result, a processing force Fi is applied from a circumferential portion of the processed surface 40 to a circumferential portion of the rivet intermediate body 41 (rivet 26) in the downward and radially inward direction. Other configurations and effects can be the same as those of the above-mentioned embodiment.

[0107] The present invention can be implemented by appropriately combining the configurations of the above-described embodiments within a range where no contradiction occurs.

[0108] In addition, when the present invention is implemented, when forming the rivet portion 26, a rivet device different from the above-mentioned embodiments can be used, that is, a rivet device (swing rivet device) having a rotating head that can perform rivet cutting with respect to the reference axis α (reference Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Fig. 9 ) as the center, and the forging die 37 is supported so as to be able to rotate (rotate) freely around the rotation axis β as the center. In such a swing riveting device, as the rotary head rotates around the reference axis α as the center, the forging die 37 rotates (revolves) around the reference axis α as the center. In addition, at this time, the forging die 37 can also rotate (rotate) around the rotation axis β as the center. When such a swing riveting device is used to form the riveted portion 26, a portion of the processing surface 40 in the forging die 37 in the circumferential direction is pressed against a portion of the processing object portion (cylindrical portion 25, riveted portion intermediate body 41) in the circumferential direction, and at the same time, the forging die 37 is not rotated around the reference axis α as the center, but is driven to rotate around the reference axis α together with the rotary head. Based on the friction force acting on the contact portion between the processing surface 40 and the processing object portion (cylindrical portion 25, riveted portion intermediate body 41), the forging die 37 rotates around the rotation axis β as the center. Thus, while the processing force is applied to the processing object portion (cylindrical portion 25, riveted portion intermediate body 41), the position where the processing force is applied is continuously changed in the circumferential direction of the processing object portion (cylindrical portion 25, riveted portion intermediate body 41). In addition, with respect to the swing riveting device as described above, a mechanism for displacing the forging die 37 along the axial direction of the rotation axis β and a mechanism for changing the inclination angle θ of the rotation axis β relative to the reference axis α can also be added. If such a mechanism is added, the first step and the second step of the operation of forming the riveted portion 26 are performed using one swing riveting device as in the case of each of the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0109] In one example, the rivet 26 can be formed on the hub body 21 by swing forging. The rivet forming step includes: a first step of applying a load including a load component (second load component) toward the radially outer side to the hub body 21 by swing forging using a forging die 37 to deform a portion of the hub body 21 radially outward; and a second step of applying a load including a load component (first load component) toward the radially inner side to the radially outer side of the deformed portion (rivet intermediate body (intermediate rivet) 41) of the hub body 21 by swing forging using the forging die 37. In one example, at least one of the swinging action, position (swing start position, swing end position) and posture (swing start posture, swing end posture) of the forging die 37 is different from each other between the first step and the second step.

[0110] In addition, when implementing the present invention, it is also possible to use different (two) riveting devices to perform the first step of the operation of forming the riveted portion (see Figure 3 ) and the second step (refer to Figure 5 as well as Fig. 9 ).

[0111] In this case, if forging dies having the same shape and size are used as forging dies for the two caulking devices, the manufacturing cost of the forging dies can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the hub unit bearing can be reduced accordingly.

[0112] In this case, in order to make the preload applied to the rolling elements 4a and 4b close to the target value, the axial load for forming the caulking portion 26 can be determined in the second step by using the manufacturing information obtained in the first step and the manufacturing information obtained in the manufacturing process before the first step. For example, in the first step, when the cylindrical portion 25 is processed into the caulking portion intermediate body 41, information is obtained on the degree of processing resistance, in other words, the degree of hardness of the hub body 21. And, in the second step, using this information, the axial load applied to the axial inner end of the hub body 21 required to make the preload close to the target value can be determined. And, for example, in the second step, not only the information obtained in the first step but also the information related to the factors affecting the preload, such as the size of the specific parts, in the information obtained in the manufacturing process before the first step, is used to determine the axial load applied to the axial inner end of the hub body 21 required to make the preload close to the target value. In this case, the axial load can be determined based on the information using a relational expression obtained by a statistical method such as multivariate regression analysis.

[0113] Fig.11 It is a partial schematic diagram of a vehicle 200 having a hub unit bearing (bearing unit) 151. The present invention is applicable to both a hub unit bearing for a driving wheel and a hub unit bearing for a driven wheel. Fig.11 In the figure, the hub unit bearing 151 is for the driving wheel, and has an outer ring 152, a hub 153, and a plurality of rolling elements 156. The outer ring 152 is fixed to the knuckle 201 of the suspension device using bolts or the like. The wheel (and the brake rotating body 22) 202 is fixed to the flange (rotating flange) 153A provided on the hub 153 using bolts or the like. In addition, regarding the hub unit bearing 151 for the driven wheel, the vehicle 200 can have the same support structure as described above.

[0114] The present invention is not limited to the hub of the hub unit bearing, but can also be applied to other rivet assemblies (rivet units) in which a first member and a second member having a hole for inserting the first member are combined in the axial direction.

[0115] Description of Reference Numerals

[0116] 1 Hub unit bearing

[0117] 2 Outer ring

[0118] 3 Hub

[0119] 4a, 4b rolling elements

[0120] 5a, 5b Outer ring raceway

[0121] 6 Stationary flange

[0122] 7 Support holes

[0123] 8 Steering knuckle

[0124] 9 Through Holes

[0125] 10 Bolts

[0126] 11a, 11b Inner ring raceway

[0127] 12 Swivel flange

[0128] 13 Mounting holes

[0129] 14 Braking rotor

[0130] 15 Studs

[0131] 16 Through Holes

[0132] 17 Wheels

[0133] 18 Through Holes

[0134] 19 Nut

[0135] 20a, 20b Cage

[0136] 21 Hub body (hub rim, first component)

[0137] 22a Inner ring (inner inner ring, second component)

[0138] 22b Inner ring (outer inner ring, second component)

[0139] 23 Chimeric Face

[0140] 24 Layer Difference

[0141] 25 Cylinder

[0142] 26 Riveting

[0143] 27 Riveting device

[0144] 28 Frame

[0145] 29 Workpiece side device

[0146] 30 Tool side device

[0147] 31 Lower frame

[0148] 32 Upper frame

[0149] 33 Pillar

[0150] 34 Holding device

[0151] 35 Spindle with cylinder

[0152] 37 Forging Die

[0153] 38 cylinder device

[0154] 39 Spindle

[0155] 40 Processing face

[0156] 41 Riveting intermediate

[0157] 42 radial inner part

[0158] 43 radial outer part

[0159] 100 Hub unit bearing

[0160] 101 Outer ring

[0161] 102 Wheels

[0162] 103a, 103b Rolling element

[0163] 104a, 104b Outer ring raceway

[0164] 105 stationary flange

[0165] 106a, 106b Inner ring raceway

[0166] 107 Swivel flange

[0167] 108 Hub body (wheel rim)

[0168] 109 inner inner circle

[0169] 110 Chimeric Face

[0170] 111 Layer Difference

[0171] 112 Cylinder

[0172] 113 Riveting Department

[0173] 114 Riveting device

[0174] 115 Forging Die

[0175] 116 Processing face.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a riveted assembly, characterized in that: have: A step of preparing a forging die, the forging die having a rotation axis, a first processing surface portion disposed inside the rotation axis in a radial direction, and a second processing surface portion disposed outside the rotation axis in a radial direction, wherein the rotation axis is disposed obliquely with respect to a reference axis; a step of combining a first member and a second member in a first direction along the reference axis, the second member having a hole into which the first member is inserted; and a step of forming a rivet portion on the first component, the rivet portion being a portion of the first component deformed radially outward, the step of forming the rivet portion comprising a first deformation step of applying a load including a second load component toward the radial outward to the first component using the first processing surface portion of the forging die so as to deform a portion of the first component toward the radial outward, and a second deformation step of applying a load including a first load component toward the radial inward to the radial outer portion of the first component using the second processing surface portion of the forging die, The second deformation process includes: when a portion of the first processing surface portion is facing radially outward and a portion of the second processing surface portion is facing radially inward, by (a) displacing the forging die along the axial direction of the rotation axis relative to the first deformation process or (b) changing the inclination angle of the rotation axis relative to the reference axis relative to the first deformation process, so that a portion of the second processing surface portion of the forging die is arranged at a position closer to the second component than the first processing surface portion of the forging die and moves radially inward.

2. The method for manufacturing a riveted assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of forming the caulking portion includes moving a position where the load including the first load component is applied to the first member in a circumferential direction.

3. The method for manufacturing a riveted assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The forging die includes a first forging die and a second forging die, The first forging die and the second forging die are the same forging die, or the first forging die and the second forging die have substantially the same shape.

4. A method for manufacturing a hub unit bearing, the hub unit bearing having: An outer ring having multiple rows of outer ring raceways on the inner circumference; A hub having multiple rows of inner raceways on the outer periphery; and A plurality of rolling elements are arranged between the plurality of rows of inner ring raceways and the plurality of rows of outer ring raceways and in each row, The wheel hub includes a first wheel hub assembly and a second wheel hub assembly having a plurality of rows of inner ring raceways on one axial side of the inner ring raceways on the outer circumference. The second hub assembly is externally fitted to the first hub assembly, and the side surface on one axial side is pressed by a rivet portion provided at one axial end portion of the first hub assembly. The manufacturing method of the hub unit bearing is characterized by comprising: A step of preparing a forging die, the forging die having a rotation axis, a first processing surface portion arranged inside the rotation axis in a radial direction, and a second processing surface portion arranged outside the rotation axis in a radial direction, wherein: The rotation axis is tilted relative to the reference axis; a step of combining the first hub assembly and the second hub assembly in a first direction along the reference axis; and a riveting portion forming process for forming the riveted portion on the first hub assembly, the riveting portion forming process comprising a first deformation process of applying a load including a second load component toward the radially outer side to the first hub assembly using the first processing surface portion of the forging die so as to deform a part of the first hub assembly toward the radially outer side, and a second deformation process of applying a load including the first load component toward the radially inner side to the radially outer side portion of the first hub assembly using the second processing surface portion of the forging die, The second deformation process includes: when a portion of the first processing surface portion is facing radially outward and a portion of the second processing surface portion is facing radially inward, by (a) displacing the forging die axially along the rotation axis relative to the first deformation process or (b) changing the inclination angle of the rotation axis relative to the reference axis relative to the first deformation process, a portion of the second processing surface portion of the forging die is arranged at a position closer to the second hub assembly than the first processing surface portion of the forging die and moves radially inward.

5. The method for manufacturing a hub unit bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rivet forming step includes a first step and a second step. In the first step, a processing force is applied to a portion of the circumferential direction of the cylindrical portion provided at one axial end portion of the first hub assembly before the rivet portion is formed, which is directed toward the other side of the first direction and toward the radially outer side, and the position to which the processing force is applied is continuously changed in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical portion, so that the cylindrical portion is plastically deformed in a manner of being pressed and expanded radially outward while being crushed along the first direction, thereby forming a rivet portion intermediate. In the second step, a processing force is applied to a portion of the circumferential direction of the riveted portion intermediate body toward the other side of the first direction and toward the radial inside, and the position to which the processing force is applied is continuously changed in the circumferential direction of the riveted portion intermediate body, so that the riveted portion intermediate body is plastically deformed in a manner of being pushed radially inward while being crushed along the first direction, thereby forming the riveted portion.

6. The method for manufacturing a hub unit bearing according to claim 5, characterized in that: In order to apply the processing force to the cylindrical portion or the riveted portion intermediate body as the processing object portion and continuously change the position where the processing force is applied in the circumferential direction of the processing object portion, a portion of the processing surface in the forging die having a processing surface is pressed against a portion of the processing object portion in the circumferential direction, and the first hub assembly and the forging die are rotated relative to each other about the reference axis, and the processing surface is composed of the inner surface of an annular recess centered on the rotation axis.

7. The method for manufacturing a hub unit bearing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The position of the forging die in the second step in the axial direction of the rotating shaft is arranged offset to a side closer to the first hub assembly than the position of the forging die in the first step in the axial direction of the rotating shaft.

8. The method for manufacturing a hub unit bearing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inclination angle of the rotation axis with respect to the reference axis in the second step is made larger than the inclination angle of the rotation axis with respect to the reference axis in the first step.

9. The method for manufacturing a hub unit bearing according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that: The timing for ending the first step is determined using a value of a torque for relatively rotating the first hub assembly and the forging die about the reference axis.

10. The method for manufacturing a hub unit bearing according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that: The first step and the second step are performed using one riveting device.

11. The method for manufacturing a hub unit bearing according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that: The first step and the second step are performed using different riveting devices.

12. The method for manufacturing a hub unit bearing according to claim 11, characterized in that: As the forging dies respectively provided in the caulking device for performing the first step and the caulking device for performing the second step, forging dies having the same shape and size are used.

13. A riveting device, characterized in that: have: Reference axis; A retainer supporting a processing object; A forging die having a rotation axis and a processing surface portion consisting of an inner surface of an annular recess centered on the rotation axis, wherein the rotation axis is arranged obliquely with respect to a reference axis, and the processing surface portion of the forging die has a first processing surface portion arranged on the inner side in a radial direction of the rotation axis, and a second processing surface portion arranged on the outer side in a radial direction of the rotation axis; and In a state where a portion of the first processing surface portion is directed radially outward and a portion of the second processing surface portion is directed radially inward and is arranged closer to the retaining frame than other portions of the processing surface portion, the portion of the second processing surface portion is moved in a direction approaching the reference axis so as to (a) displace the forging die axially along the rotation axis or (b) change the inclination angle of the rotation axis relative to the reference axis.

14. The riveting device according to claim 13, characterized in that: The processing device further includes a mechanism for rotationally driving the processing target portion around the reference axis in a state where the central axis of the processing target portion is aligned with the reference axis.

15. The riveting device according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that: The forging die is also provided with a mechanism for rotationally driving the forging die around the rotation axis.

16. A riveted assembly, characterized in that: have: Part 1; and a second member having a hole into which the first member is inserted and combined with the first member in the axial direction, The first member has a caulking portion with respect to the two members formed by deforming an axial end of the first member radially outward, The rivet portion has a first processing mark directed radially inwardly obtained by applying a load to a forging die at a radially inner portion, and a second processing mark directed radially outwardly obtained by applying a load to the forging die at a radially outer portion. The second processing mark is located axially inner than the first processing mark.

17. A riveting device, characterized in that: have: Reference axis; A retainer supporting a processing object; a forging die having a rotation axis and a processed surface portion consisting of an inner surface of an annular recess centered on the rotation axis, wherein the rotation axis is arranged inclined relative to a reference axis; and a mechanism for changing the inclination angle of the rotation axis relative to the reference axis, The processing surface of the forging die includes a first processing surface arranged on the inner side in the radial direction of the rotation axis, and a second processing surface arranged on the outer side in the radial direction of the rotation axis. During the change in the inclination angle, a portion of the second processed surface portion faces radially inward and is disposed closer to the holder than other portions of the processed surface portion.

18. A method for manufacturing a vehicle, the vehicle having a wheel hub unit bearing, the method for manufacturing the vehicle being characterized by: The hub unit bearing is manufactured by the method for manufacturing a hub unit bearing according to any one of claims 4 to 12.

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