Device for measuring slope and verticality

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device for measuring slope and verticality, comprising a plurality of telescopic rods, wherein the telescopic rod at the left end is the main rod, the telescopic rod at the right end is the measuring rod, and the middle telescopic rod is the extension rod; an extension screw is arranged in the extension rod, a main nut is fixedly arranged in the main rod, and a main motor is arranged in the main rod; a transmission gear is sleeved on the right end of the extension screw, an extension nut is also fixedly arranged on the right end of the extension screw, and an extension nut gear is arranged outside the extension nut; a measuring screw is arranged inside the measuring rod, the measuring screw is penetrated on the extension nut, and the right end of the measuring screw is rotated and fixed to the inner wall of the measuring rod through a measuring rotating assembly; a rangefinder is installed on the right end of the measuring rod; a control mainboard is arranged in the main rod, the control mainboard is connected to the main motor by communication, and the control mainboard is connected to the rangefinder by communication; a measuring device for simultaneously measuring horizontality and verticality is arranged on the main rod. It is convenient to measure the slope of a foundation pit and the verticality of a vertical surface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of building construction devices, and in particular relates to a device for measuring slope and verticality. Background Art

[0002] At present, the depth of building foundation pits is getting deeper and deeper, and the requirements for foundation pit support construction are becoming more and more stringent. The requirements for the slope accuracy of the upper part of the support structure are relatively high. The current commonly used excavation slope control generally requires two people to cooperate with each other, measure the depth and horizontal distance of the slope respectively, and then calculate the actual slope of the slope. The horizontality cannot be accurately controlled during measurement, the measurement error is large and the measurement speed is slow. There are great safety hazards when personnel measure, and it is not suitable for night construction.

[0003] In the prior art, the invention patent with application publication number CN108645380A discloses a foundation pit slope measuring device and method, the foundation pit slope measuring device includes a support frame, a telescopic rod assembly, a wire rope and a plumb bob, the support frame is supported on the slope, the telescopic rod assembly includes a telescopic rod and a fixed rod, the fixed rod is installed on the support frame, a horizontal bubble is provided on the fixed rod, the telescopic rod can perform telescopic movement relative to the fixed rod, the telescopic rod is painted with scales, the plumb bob is connected to the end of the wire rope, the wire rope is painted with scales, and the plumb bob is suspended from the end of the telescopic rod. In the foundation pit slope measuring device, the telescopic rod and the wire rope need to be operated manually, the measurement is relatively complicated, and the reading is also manually read, which is prone to large errors, and when measuring a deeper foundation pit, the plumb bob is not easy to see, and the position of the plumb bob is uncertain, resulting in inaccurate measurement. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for measuring slope and verticality to solve the technical problem of inconvenient foundation pit slope measurement in the prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] The device for measuring slope and verticality comprises a plurality of hollow telescopic rods extending in left and right directions, the telescopic rods gradually becoming thinner from left to right, the telescopic rod at the left end is the main rod, the telescopic rod at the right end is the measuring rod, and the telescopic rod in the middle is the extension rod; an extension screw is arranged in the extension rod, a main nut matched with the extension screw is fixedly arranged in the main rod, a main motor for driving the main nut to rotate is arranged in the main rod, the extension screw cooperates with the main nut so that the extension screw drives the extension rod to extend and retract in the main rod during the rotation; a transmission nut which rotates with the extension screw is sleeved on the right end of the extension screw, a transmission gear is arranged outside the transmission nut, an extension nut is also fixedly arranged on the right end of the extension screw, and an extension gear meshing with the transmission gear is arranged outside the extension nut An extension nut gear is provided to enable the extension nut to rotate and move with the transmission nut; a measuring screw is provided inside the measuring rod, the measuring screw is passed through the extension nut in the extension rod adjacent to the measuring rod, the right end of the measuring screw is rotated and fixed to the inner wall of the measuring rod through the measuring rotation component, and the measuring screw drives the measuring rod to extend and retract along the extension rod under the rotation of the extension nut; a rangefinder for measuring the distance perpendicular to the measuring rod is installed on the right end of the measuring rod; a control mainboard is provided in the main rod, the control mainboard is communicated with the main motor to calculate the distance moved by the rangefinder in the left and right directions on the measuring rod through the rotation of the main motor, and the control mainboard is communicated with the rangefinder to control the rangefinder to measure; a measuring device for simultaneously measuring horizontality and verticality is provided on the main rod.

[0007] Furthermore, the main body nut and the extension nut are both supported and fixed by a supporting mechanism, the supporting mechanism includes a bracket and a sliding assembly cooperating with the bracket; the sliding assembly includes a slide groove arranged on the main body nut or the extension nut and a ball rolling in the slide groove, the slide groove is arranged on the left and right sides of the main body nut and the extension nut, and the slide groove is an annular slide groove cocentric with the main body nut or the extension nut; the bracket includes two connecting rods fixedly connected to the balls in the slide grooves on both sides.

[0008] Furthermore, the bracket is fixed on the inner wall of the main rod or the extension rod, and the housings of the extension rod and the measuring rod are both provided with avoidance grooves for avoiding the bracket on the main rod.

[0009] Furthermore, mutually cooperating positioning grooves and positioning sliding blocks are provided between two adjacent telescopic rods to prevent the two adjacent telescopic rods from rotating randomly during the relative sliding process.

[0010] Furthermore, the measuring rotation assembly includes a support bearing mounted on the measuring screw and a bearing frame for fixing the support bearing on the inner wall of the measuring rod. The measuring screw is provided with a limit step for limiting the translational sliding of the support bearing relative to the measuring screw. The support bearing enables the measuring screw to rotate with the extension nut and drive the measuring rod to move.

[0011] Furthermore, a main body support seat is arranged in the main body rod, and the main body support seat includes a support plate extending in the up-down direction and a support platform extending in the left-right direction, and the main body nut and the main body motor are both installed on the support platform.

[0012] Furthermore, a main body gear is arranged outside the main body nut, a transmission rod of the main body motor is connected with a motor gear, and the main body motor and the main body nut are transmission-connected via the motor gear and the main body gear.

[0013] Furthermore, the rangefinder is a laser rangefinder.

[0014] Furthermore, the rangefinder includes a measuring line and a plumb line. The measuring line is fixed to the right end of the measuring rod through a winding reel. The winding reel is connected to a winding reel motor for driving the winding reel to rotate. The control switch of the winding reel motor is set on the main rod, and the control mainboard is connected to the winding reel for communication.

[0015] Furthermore, the measuring device includes a spherical measuring container, which contains measuring liquid and is provided with a measuring scale. The spherical measuring container is provided with a transparent window for observing the scale indicated by the measuring liquid, and the horizontality or verticality is judged by the measuring scale corresponding to the measuring liquid in the measuring container.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0017] The device for measuring slope and verticality of the present invention comprises a multi-section telescopic rod, which is shorter when folded, and is convenient for storage and transportation. When in use, the main rod is shorter and does not need to occupy a large measurement space, which is convenient for measurement. The automatic telescopic structure is convenient for operation, and the measured data is calculated by the control main board, and the measurement data is relatively accurate. The distance of the lateral movement of the rangefinder can be calculated by the control main board according to the rotation of the main motor, and the rangefinder can measure the vertical distance, and the slope is calculated from the lateral distance and the vertical distance. The measuring device can make the telescopic rod remain in a horizontal state when measuring the slope, and the measured slope value is more accurate. When used in the vertical direction, the verticality can be measured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the device for measuring slope and verticality;

[0019] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the device for measuring slope and verticality when it is retracted;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged schematic diagram in the middle;

[0021] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the device for measuring slope and verticality when it is extended for measurement;

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle;

[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point C in the middle;

[0024] Figure 7 for Figure 4 The local enlarged schematic diagram of point D in the middle;

[0025] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the coordination structure between the main nut and the supporting mechanism.

[0026] In the figure: 1. main rod; 11. main nut; 111. main gear; 12. main motor; 13. main support seat; 131. support plate; 132. support platform; 14. control main board; 15. display screen; 2. measuring rod; 21. measuring screw; 211. limit step; 212. plug; 3. extension rod; 31. extension screw; 311. transmission gear; 312. extension nut; 4. measuring rotating assembly; 41. support bearing; 42. bearing frame; 5. supporting mechanism; 51. bracket; 511. limit plate; 52. sliding assembly; 521. slide groove; 522. ball bearing; 6. positioning assembly; 61. positioning slide groove; 62. positioning slider; 7. laser rangefinder; 8. measuring device; 81. measuring liquid; 82. measuring scale; 83. transparent window. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] The device for measuring slope and verticality of this embodiment is as follows: Figure 1-8 shown.

[0030] The device for measuring slope and verticality of this embodiment includes 4 sections of hollow telescopic rods extending in left and right directions. The telescopic rods gradually become thinner from left to right. The length of each telescopic rod is 1m. The overall length is about 1m when it is folded, which is convenient for storage and transportation, and does not need to occupy a large measurement space during measurement. The telescopic rod at the left end is the main rod 1, the telescopic rod at the right end is the measuring rod 2, and the two middle telescopic rods are extension rods 3. In other embodiments, the number of hollow telescopic rods can be 3 or 5.

[0031] An extension screw 31 is arranged inside the extension rod 3, a main body nut 11 that cooperates with the extension screw 31 is fixedly arranged inside the main body rod 1, a main body motor 12 for driving the main body nut 11 to rotate is arranged inside the main body rod 1, and the extension screw 31 cooperates with the main body nut 11 so that the extension screw 31 drives the extension rod 3 to extend and retract inside the main body rod 1 during the rotation process. A main body gear 111 is arranged outside the main body nut 11, a motor gear is connected to the transmission rod of the main body motor 12, and the main body motor 12 is connected to the main body nut 11 through the motor gear and the main body gear. A main body support seat 13 is arranged inside the main body rod 1, and the main body support seat 13 includes a support plate 131 extending in the up-down direction and a support platform 132 extending in the left-right direction, and the main body nut 11 and the main body motor 12 are both mounted on the support platform 132.

[0032] The right end of the extension screw 31 is sleeved with a transmission gear 311 that rotates with the extension screw 31. The right end of the extension screw 31 is also fixedly provided with an extension nut 312. The extension nut 312 is provided with an extension nut gear meshing with the transmission gear 311, so that the extension nut rotates and moves with the transmission gear. The transmission gear 311 is sleeved on the extension screw 31. During the rotation and translation of the extension screw, the transmission gear rotates and translates with the extension screw. Its rotation drives the extension nut to rotate through the meshing between the transmission gear and the extension nut gear, thereby transmitting the rotational power to the extension nut. The transmission gear also drives the extension nut to translate.

[0033] A measuring lead screw 21 is arranged inside the measuring rod 2. The measuring lead screw 21 is inserted into an extension nut 312 in an extension rod 3 adjacent to the measuring rod 2. The right end of the measuring lead screw 21 is fixed to the inner wall of the measuring rod by a measuring rotating assembly 4. The measuring lead screw 21 drives the measuring rod 2 to extend and retract along the extension rod under the rotation of the extension nut 312. The measuring rotating assembly 4 includes a support bearing 41 sleeved on the measuring lead screw 21 and a bearing frame 42 for fixing the support bearing on the inner wall of the measuring rod. The support bearing 41 is sleeved on the measuring lead screw 21. A limiting step 211 for limiting the translational sliding of the support bearing relative to the measuring lead screw is arranged on the left side of the support bearing on the measuring lead screw 21. A plug 212 is arranged on the right side of the support bearing on the measuring lead screw 21 to prevent the support bearing from slipping. The measuring lead screw can rotate in the support bearing 41, but cannot translate relative to the measuring lead screw. At the same time, the support bearing is fixed to the inner wall of the measuring rod 2 through the bearing frame 42, so that the measuring lead screw 21 drives the measuring rod to move as the extension nut 312 rotates.

[0034] The main body nut 11 and the extension nut 312 are both supported and fixed by a support mechanism 5, and the support mechanism 5 includes a bracket 51 and a sliding assembly 52 matched with the bracket 51. The sliding assembly 52 includes a slide groove 521 arranged on the main body nut or the extension nut and a ball 522 rolling in the slide groove. The left and right sides of the main body nut 11 and the extension nut 312 are both provided with a slide groove 521, and the slide groove 521 is an annular slide groove coaxial with the main body nut or the extension nut. The bracket 51 includes two connecting rods fixedly connected to the ball 522 in the slide grooves on both sides. A limit plate 511 for limiting the position of the main body nut or the extension nut is provided on the bracket 51. The limit plate is blocked between the main body nut and the motor gear to prevent the main body nut and the motor gear from sliding relative to each other during rotation. The limit plate is blocked between the extension nut and the transmission gear to prevent the extension nut and the transmission gear from sliding relative to each other during rotation.

[0035] The bracket 51 is fixed on the inner wall of the main rod 1 or the extension rod 3, and the housings of the extension rod and the measuring rod are provided with an escape groove (not shown in the figure) for avoiding the bracket on the main rod. Since the bracket is fixed on the inner wall of the main rod or the extension rod, the extension rod and the measuring rod pass through the position of the bracket during the extension and retraction process, and the escape groove can be provided to enable the extension rod and the measuring rod to be smoothly extended and retracted. In this embodiment, a brush (not shown in the figure) can be provided at the escape groove to prevent dust from entering the extension rod or the measuring rod. In other embodiments, other flexible dust-proof structures can also be provided at the escape groove.

[0036] A positioning assembly 6 is provided between two adjacent telescopic rods, and the positioning assembly 6 includes a positioning slot 61 and a positioning slider 62 that cooperate with each other to prevent the two adjacent telescopic rods from rotating at will during the relative sliding process. The positioning slot is a long strip slot, and the positioning slot extends along the direction of the telescopic rod. Because the telescopic rod is hollow and has multiple parts, when the telescopic rods slide relative to each other, rotation between them should be avoided as much as possible, and the adjacent telescopic rods can slide relative to each other smoothly.

[0037] The right end of the measuring rod 2 is equipped with a laser rangefinder 7 for measuring the distance perpendicular to the measuring rod. The laser rangefinder 7 can measure the distance H between the measuring rod and the bottom of the foundation pit. The laser rangefinder 7 is a prior art. It is installed on the right end of the measuring rod. The laser rangefinder 7 can measure both during the day and at night, and has high measurement accuracy and strong adaptability. A control mainboard 14 is provided in the main rod 1. The control mainboard is connected to the laser rangefinder in communication to control the rangefinder measurement. In this embodiment, the control mainboard is connected to the laser rangefinder through a line, the control switch of the laser rangefinder is connected to the control mainboard, and the control switch of the laser rangefinder is set on the outer wall of the main rod. In other embodiments, the laser rangefinder can also be connected to the control mainboard in a wireless manner, such as installing a wireless communication module on the laser rangefinder and the control mainboard. The connection method and control method of the control mainboard and the laser rangefinder are prior art.

[0038] The control mainboard is connected to the main motor in communication so as to calculate the distance A of the laser rangefinder moving in the left and right directions on the measuring rod through the rotation of the main motor. The control switch of the main motor is set on the main rod for easy operation. The number of revolutions of the transmission main gear can be calculated by the number of revolutions of the main motor, so as to calculate the number of revolutions of the main nut, and the translation distance of the extension screw matched with the main nut can be calculated by the number of revolutions of the main nut. The number of revolutions of the transmission gear is the same as the number of revolutions of the extension screw. The number of revolutions of the transmission gear can be calculated by the number of revolutions of the extension nut gear matched with it, so as to calculate the translation distance of the extension screw or the measuring screw matched with the extension nut gear. The distance moved by the laser rangefinder on the measuring rod is the sum of the translation distances of the two extension rods and the measuring rod, so as to calculate the translation distance of the laser rangefinder, and the calculation methods involved are all prior art.

[0039] The slope of the foundation pit is i, i=H / A. A display screen 15 for displaying the data measured by the control main board is arranged on the outer wall of the main body rod 1. The display screen can display the vertical data H measured by the laser rangefinder, the horizontal distance A of the laser rangefinder driven by the main body motor, and the calculated slope i.

[0040] In the actual process of measuring the slope of the foundation pit, it is difficult to determine the bottom of the foundation pit slope because some foundation pits are deeper. The structure of the laser rangefinder combined with the telescopic rod makes measurement more convenient. During the extension of the telescopic rod, the laser rangefinder can be used multiple times to measure the distance in the vertical direction. The distance in the vertical direction gradually increases, indicating that the bottom of the foundation pit slope has not been reached. If the distance in the vertical direction becomes smaller or fluctuates, it means that the laser rangefinder is located directly above the bottom of the foundation pit slope. In addition, the average of multiple slope values ​​measured can be used to improve measurement accuracy.

[0041] The main rod 1 is provided with a measuring device 8 for simultaneously measuring horizontality and verticality. The measuring device includes a spherical measuring container, in which a measuring liquid 81 is contained, and a measuring scale 82 is provided on the measuring container. The horizontality or verticality is determined by the corresponding measuring scale of the measuring liquid 81 in the measuring container. The spherical measuring container is provided with a transparent window 83 for observing the measuring scale indicated by the liquid. When measuring horizontality, the telescopic rod is laid flat to observe whether the measuring liquid is on the horizontal scale line. When measuring verticality, the telescopic rod is placed against the measuring surface, and the measuring scale indicated by the measuring liquid is observed to determine its verticality.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] The device for measuring slope and verticality described in this embodiment has a general structure consistent with that of Embodiment 1, but is different from Embodiment 1 in that the rangefinder includes a measuring line and a plumb line, the measuring line is fixed to the right end of the measuring rod through a winding reel, the winding reel is connected to a winding reel motor for driving the winding reel to rotate, the control switch of the winding reel motor is arranged on the main rod, and the control main board is communicatively connected to the winding reel.

[0044] Finally, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "vertical", "up", "down", "horizontal", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0046] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Other modifications or equivalent substitutions made to the technical solution of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for measuring slope and verticality, characterized in that: It includes several hollow telescopic rods extending in left and right directions, the telescopic rods gradually become thinner from left to right, the telescopic rod at the left end is the main rod, the telescopic rod at the right end is the measuring rod, and the telescopic rod in the middle is the extension rod; An extension screw is arranged in the extension rod, a main body nut cooperating with the extension screw is fixedly arranged in the main body rod, a main body motor for driving the main body nut to rotate is arranged in the main body rod, and the extension screw cooperates with the main body nut so that the extension screw drives the extension rod to extend and retract in the main body rod during the rotation; the main body nut and the extension nut are both supported and fixed by a supporting mechanism, and the supporting mechanism includes a bracket and a sliding assembly cooperating with the bracket; the sliding assembly includes a slide groove arranged on the main body nut or the extension nut and a ball rolling in the slide groove, and the slide groove is arranged on the left and right sides of the main body nut and the extension nut, and the slide groove is an annular slide groove with the same center as the main body nut or the extension nut; the bracket includes two connecting rods fixedly connected to the balls in the slide grooves on both sides respectively; The right end of the extension screw is sleeved with a transmission gear that rotates with the extension screw, and the right end of the extension screw is also fixedly provided with an extension nut, and an extension nut gear meshing with the transmission gear is arranged outside the extension nut, so that the extension nut rotates and moves with the transmission gear; A measuring screw is provided inside the measuring rod, and the measuring screw is passed through an extension nut in an extension rod adjacent to the measuring rod. The right end of the measuring screw is rotatably fixed to the inner wall of the measuring rod through a measuring rotating assembly, and the measuring screw drives the measuring rod to extend and retract along the extension rod under the rotation of the extension nut; the measuring rotating assembly includes a support bearing sleeved on the measuring screw and a bearing frame for fixing the support bearing on the inner wall of the measuring rod, and a limiting step for limiting the translational sliding of the support bearing relative to the measuring screw is provided on the measuring screw, and the support bearing enables the measuring screw to drive the measuring rod to move as the extension nut rotates; The right end of the measuring rod is equipped with a distance meter for measuring the distance perpendicular to the measuring rod; A control mainboard is arranged in the main rod, the control mainboard is connected in communication with the main motor to calculate the distance moved by the rangefinder in the left and right directions on the measuring rod through the rotation of the main motor, and the control mainboard is connected in communication with the rangefinder to control the rangefinder to measure; The main body rod is provided with a measuring device for simultaneously measuring horizontality and verticality.

2. The device for measuring slope and verticality according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket is fixed on the inner wall of the main rod or the extension rod, and the housings of the extension rod and the measuring rod are both provided with avoidance grooves for avoiding the bracket on the main rod.

3. The device for measuring slope and verticality according to claim 1, characterized in that: A positioning slot and a positioning slide block that cooperate with each other are arranged between two adjacent telescopic rods to prevent the two adjacent telescopic rods from rotating at will during the relative sliding process.

4. The device for measuring slope and verticality according to claim 1, characterized in that: A main body support seat is arranged inside the main body rod, and the main body support seat includes a support plate extending in the up-down direction and a support platform extending in the left-right direction, and the main body nut and the main body motor are both mounted on the support platform.

5. The device for measuring slope and verticality according to claim 1, characterized in that: A main body gear is arranged outside the main body nut, a transmission rod of the main body motor is connected with a motor gear, and the main body motor and the main body nut are transmission-connected through the motor gear and the main body gear.

6. The device for measuring slope and verticality according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rangefinder is a laser rangefinder.

7. The device for measuring slope and verticality according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rangefinder includes a measuring line and a plumb line. The measuring line is fixed to the right end of the measuring rod through a winding reel. The winding reel is connected to a winding reel motor for driving the winding reel to rotate. The control switch of the winding reel motor is set on the main rod, and the control mainboard is connected to the winding reel for communication.

8. The device for measuring slope and verticality according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring device comprises a spherical measuring container, in which a measuring liquid is contained, and the spherical measuring container is provided with a transparent window for observing the measuring scale indicated by the measuring liquid, and the horizontality or verticality is judged by the measuring scale corresponding to the measuring liquid in the measuring container.

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