Tire and manufacturing method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tire with an O-type structure and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the tire includes a tread, a belt layer, a sidewall, an O-type carcass, a wire ring, etc., which are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside. Different from the current tire structure, the O-type carcass adopts a steel wire to be wound to form a closed hollow inner tube structure. Compared with the traditional tire manufacturing process, the O-type structure tire and the manufacturing method thereof provided by the present invention omit the complicated reverse packaging, carcass calendering, and cutting processes, simplify the manufacturing process, significantly reduce the fixed asset investment, and significantly improve the production efficiency. The O-type structure is suitable for various types of pneumatic and non-pneumatic tires, including passenger car tires, truck and bus tires, engineering tires, giant tires, and various solid tires, etc., and is particularly suitable for engineering tires and giant tires with slower speeds and higher loads.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tires, and in particular to an O-type structure tire and a manufacturing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Currently, all-steel radial tires for trucks and buses were mainly introduced by the French company Michelin in the 1950s. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the structure of the all-steel radial tire includes tread, base rubber, belt layer, carcass, soft triangle, hard triangle, wear-resistant rubber at the tip, sidewall rubber, airtight layer, transition layer, etc. The tire is subjected to complex forces during rolling, and each part has different functions. It is difficult to meet the needs by using only one or two rubber materials. Considering the manufacturing process of rubber tires, the above multiple parts have evolved to complement each other. The requirements for materials in each part are also different. For example, the sidewall needs to be UV-resistant, wear-resistant, and fatigue-resistant, and the airtight layer has high requirements for airtightness.

[0003] After nearly 70 years of development, all-steel radial rubber tires have obvious advantages in performance, fuel consumption, etc., and are currently being widely promoted around the world.

[0004] The manufacturing steps of rubber tires are as follows: first, the rubber is mixed in an internal mixer, then the components are produced by extrusion or calendering, the components are compounded into a tire blank using a molding machine, and finally, the tire is vulcanized in a vulcanizer to obtain a finished tire. Simply put, there are three main steps: component production, tire blank molding, and tire blank vulcanization.

[0005] The structural components of all-steel radial tires are complex, and there are many types of formulas, which can reach about 15, making the rubber tire manufacturing process extremely complicated. For example, in order to ensure the performance of the bead, there are as many as 7 types of formulas there, including bead wire rubber, bead chafer rubber, carcass rubber, soft apex rubber, hard apex rubber, nylon fabric rubber, steel wire fabric rubber, bead wear-resistant rubber, etc.

[0006] When producing parts, too many formulas can cause many problems. When different parts are bonded together, any impurities will affect the cross-linking effect and cause early damage to the tire. If any formula has problems during the mixing process, it will cause fluctuations in product quality on the entire production line.

[0007] The overall tire molding process is complex and requires high precision. The equipment cost is too high. Figure 2 First, lay the carcass on the drum of the forming machine, place the wire ring and soft and hard triangle parts ( Figure 2-1 ), after the reverse airbags on both sides are inflated, the carcasses on both sides are reversed around the wire rings ( Figure 2-2 ), after compaction, other parts are combined to complete the manufacture of the embryo ( Figure 2-3 ).

[0008] The structure of the sub-mouth turn-up directly affects the load-bearing performance of the tire, such as Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the structural components of the sprocket are: carcass, carcass turn-up, carcass turn-up end, wire ring, wire sprocket wrap, nylon sprocket wrap, and sprocket wear-resistant rubber. The turn-up structure realizes the tension of the steel wire at both ends of the carcass, ensuring the overall tightness and stability of the carcass when the tire is inflated or stressed. The outer sides of the carcass turn-up are respectively the wire sprocket wrap and the nylon sprocket wrap, which mainly play the role of enhancing the strength of the sprocket, and the effect is obvious when the tire is overloaded and under pressure. Since the two turn-up end points of the carcass steel wire are difficult to cross-link with rubber, and the modulus of the steel wire is far higher than the modulus of rubber, when the tire is overloaded, if the rigidity of the sprocket is not enough, the steel wire at the end point of the carcass turn-up will be rubbed and deformed, making this point the most prone to damage.

[0009] Depending on the tire specifications, the tire body is composed of hundreds of independent and non-contacting steel wires ( Figure 1 ). After the turn-up, the two ends of each steel wire form the carcass turn-up ends at the sub-mouths on both sides of the tire, and both ends of each steel wire may be a failure point.

[0010] In order to reduce the symptoms at the tip, the anti-packing structure of various tires has Figure 4 The main difference between the several forms shown is the height of the turn-up, but the wire breakpoints are still buried inside the tire. Therefore, even if the turn-up parameters are optimized in various ways, the disease at the end point cannot be avoided, especially in engineering OTR tires and giant tires with high load-bearing requirements.

[0011] In view of the types of rubber materials used in traditional rubber tires and the existing all-steel radial tire structure, the various production processes and construction layout of the tire factory are also mainly designed according to the existing situation. The main problems in the development of rubber tire factories in the past hundred years are the large and complex number of processes, large land area, large investment amount, and a large number of labor forces.

[0012] If we want to avoid all kinds of problems in tire factories, we need to simplify tires. The most important thing to simplify in terms of structure is the carcass wrapping structure; on the other hand, the types of formulas should be greatly reduced. Tires made of natural rubber are subject to the dual limitations of rubber material properties and structural characteristics, which determines that all-steel radial tires have not undergone major changes and innovations in recent decades. Summary of the invention

[0013] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a tire with an O-type structure and a manufacturing method thereof. Different from the traditional tire structure, the O-type structure carcass is made of a steel wire wound around an inner core, which is similar to a closed hollow inner tube structure ( Figure 5), there are no breakpoints or backpacking in the steel wire inside the tire body. The above O-type structure tire simplifies the traditional complex structure of the tire, and only uses 3 material formulas to meet the performance requirements. The tire with O-type carcass structure first forms a tire embryo-shaped steel wire skeleton, and the product can be generated by direct pouring, and the tire embryo molding and vulcanization are combined into one process, which greatly improves the production efficiency. The tire with O-type carcass structure and its manufacturing process in the present invention fully utilize the fluidity advantage of liquid polymer raw materials, greatly reduce the tire manufacturing process, reduce the investment amount of the tire factory, and reduce the number of workers. At the same time, the liquid polymer material has comprehensive performance, and the tire life will be greatly improved. O-type structure tires are suitable for various types of inflatable and non-inflatable tires, including passenger car tires, truck and bus tires, engineering tires, giant tires, and various solid tires, etc., and are particularly suitable for engineering tires and giant tires with slower speeds and higher loads.

[0014] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0015] It includes the tread, belt layer, sidewall, O-type carcass, wire ring, transition zone, vent hole ( Figure 5 ) Among them, the tread is the part of the tire that is in direct contact with the ground; the steel belt layer is used to improve the support and force of the tire; the carcass is the skeleton component of the tire, and the sidewall provides protection for the carcass; the transition zone is mainly formed when a single steel wire is wound, and the tire is installed on the wheel hub and fits with the wheel hub; the vent is mainly for the gas passage when the tire is inflated and deflated.

[0016] Preferably, patterns of different shapes are arranged on the tread.

[0017] The tire section is as follows Figure 5 As shown, the material distribution of the tire with O-type structure is simplified to tread, sidewall, and carcass (the same formula is used for the tread and carcass) compared with the traditional structure, and only three rubber formulas are used to meet the requirements.

[0018] Preferably, the hardness (Shore A) of each component is:

[0019] The same hardness rubber is used in the tread 55°-95°, sidewall 50°-80°, and other parts such as the carcass 75°-95°.

[0020] Preferably, the steel belt layer is arranged at different angles of 0°-180° with steel wires between the tread and the carcass.

[0021] Preferably, the steel belt layer may be a single-layer or multi-layer structure, and may be realized by laminating a single layer or woven into multiple layers.

[0022] Preferably, when the steel wire angle of the steel belt layer is 0°, a single steel wire can be used for winding.

[0023] Preferably, the belt layer steel wires may be braided and fixed using polymer fibers or metal filaments, especially when the belt layer steel wire angle is 0°.

[0024] The O-type carcass is formed by winding a steel wire around an inner core. After winding, it becomes a cylindrical steel wire ring, and the steel wires do not touch each other. When the steel wire is wound, the starting point is located in the transition zone, and the end point is also located in the transition zone. When winding, a vent hole is left in the middle ( Figure 5 ).

[0025] Preferably, the starting point and the end point of the wire winding of the O-type carcass in the transition zone can be connected by welding or the like.

[0026] As a preference, the O-type carcass can be woven with nylon cords or thin steel wires in the transition zone to prevent the carcass steel wires from being pulled out when the two side mouths are deformed. Figure 6 shown.

[0027] As a preference, the steel ring can be placed inside the carcass and wrapped by a wound steel wire, such as Figure 7 shown.

[0028] As a preference, the steel ring can be placed outside the carcass, such as Figure 8 shown.

[0029] Preferably, the O-type carcass steel wires may be arranged perpendicular to the tread (90°) or may be wound at other angles.

[0030] As a preference, the O-type carcass can be provided as a multi-layer steel wire carcass for reinforcement, and the carcass steel wires can be wound at any angle, such as Fig. 9 shown.

[0031] Preferably, the winding of the second layer of the carcass can be completed in one go using the steel wires of the first layer of the carcass.

[0032] Preferably, the winding of the second carcass layer can be completed after the winding of the first carcass steel wire is completed, starting from the second steel wire in the transition zone, covering the first carcass layer and completing the winding.

[0033] Preferably, after each layer of the steel wire carcass is wound, glue or polyurethane adhesive is sprayed or brushed on to enhance the adhesion between the multiple layers of the carcass.

[0034] Preferably, the tire of the O-type structure can also use nylon (polymer) cord as the carcass skeleton material, which can be set to different angles as needed during winding.

[0035] Preferably, the O-type carcass polymer cord can be wound with a single nylon cord or with a cord of a certain width.

[0036] As a preference, nylon cords or cord fabrics may also be used to make a multi-layer carcass, such as Fig.10 When winding multiple layers, one cord or one piece of cord fabric can be used to complete the winding at any angle at one time.

[0037] As a preference, the second carcass can be wound after the first carcass nylon cord or cord is wound, and then wrapped with the second cord or cord as the starting point in the transition zone. A multi-layer carcass can also be wound with a single cord or cord.

[0038] Preferably, when the O-type carcass is designed as a multi-layer carcass structure, it can be completed by winding a steel wire carcass layer and a polymer fiber layer in a mixed manner. For example, the first layer can be a steel wire layer and the second layer can be a nylon layer, or the first layer can be a nylon layer and the second layer can be a steel wire layer.

[0039] Preferably, after each layer of nylon carcass is wrapped, glue or polyurethane adhesive is sprayed or brushed on to enhance the adhesion between the multiple layers of carcasses.

[0040] As a preference,

[0041] The polyurethane tire described in any one of the above items is manufactured by the following method:

[0042] First, the manufacturing of components.

[0043] Tread: For specific process, please refer to CN201911300250.6

[0044] Steel belt layer: For specific process, please refer to CN201910815970.X

[0045] Sidewall: For specific process, please refer to CN201910815970.X

[0046] Carcass wire winding:

[0047] When winding the carcass wire, use the inner core mold of the tire cavity structure and use special equipment for winding. When winding, extend one end of the carcass wire into the transition zone of the inner core mold as the starting point, and use a clamp to fix it on the inner core. The wire guide wheel for winding the wire continuously passes through the inner ring of the inner core. When winding, control the gap between the wires according to the different requirements of the carcass design. After winding, fix the end point in the transition zone, such as Fig.11 The starting and ending points are welded in the transition zone between the inner core and the inner ring to prevent the tire body from being punctured when the tire is moving.

[0048] When the angle between the belt layer and the tread is 0°, a steel wire can be used to wrap around the carcass after the carcass is prepared. This method of winding the steel wire has only two breakpoints.

[0049] After winding is completed, place the wire ring on the tire bead (or place the wire ring in advance such as Fig.12 ) and locate it.

[0050] After the above steps are completed, the mold is closed to cast the tire body and the spout at one time.

[0051] Second, the overall molding process.

[0052] Overall compounding, through the movement of equipment and mold, the carcass with inner core and tread mold assembly are formed into a preformed tread-carcass assembly ( Fig.13 ), and then form a molding mold assembly with the tire side panel mold, such as Fig.14 As shown in the figure, the sidewall rubber is injected through the injection hole reserved on the side panel mold to finally form the entire tire.

[0053] Preferably, in the integral molding process, after the integral compounding step, the process further comprises:

[0054] Curing molding, after all pouring is completed, adjust to the specified temperature. During the curing stage, the heat preservation curing process can be carried out directly on the equipment, or after the product meets the requirements of being movable, the mold and the product as a whole can be removed from the equipment and placed in a constant temperature room for curing.

[0055] Preferably, in the integral molding process, after curing and molding, the process further comprises:

[0056] After the product is cured, the mold is opened, the product is taken out, and placed in a constant temperature room for post-vulcanization to obtain the entire product. The inner core can be taken out by melting or splitting.

[0057] O-type structural tires have the following characteristics. (1) The O-type carcass structure has no steel wire breakpoints inside the tire, which avoids the root cause of various diseases caused by traditional tires during use and improves product quality. (2) The O-type carcass structure adopts a single steel wire winding process, which reduces the difficulty of molding. (3) The material distribution of the O-type carcass structure is reduced from 15 materials in traditional rubber tires to 3, which relieves the pressure in the material formulation production process and improves the product qualification rate. (4) When the O-type carcass structure is subjected to force, the overall stability of the tire is higher and the force is more uniform. (5) The production process of the O-type carcass structure tire combines the two steps of traditional rubber tire embryo molding and vulcanization into one step, greatly improving production efficiency. (6) The O-type tire manufacturing equipment has a certain degree of versatility for all-steel tires (steel wire carcass) and bias tires (nylon cord). The same equipment can produce both steel wire carcass tires and polymer cord carcass tires. (7) For the production of tires with multi-layer carcasses, the single steel wire winding method is simpler, has obvious advantages in product diversification, and can produce more specifications of products. (8) The O-type tire body structure fully utilizes the fluidity advantage of liquid polymer materials, reducing production investment to 1 / 10 of the original investment, the required site to 1 / 20, and the number of workers to 1 / 10. (9) The O-type tire body structure has a more stable mouth, and can still maintain the position of the tire on the rim unchanged when the vehicle has a tire blowout, which has higher safety. (10) The O-type tire body simplifies the structure, and the overall weight of the tire will be reduced by 5%-20%, the tire cost and fuel consumption will be greatly reduced, and the life span will be increased by more than 50%. The O-type tire provided by the present invention has extremely high load-bearing characteristics and is suitable for various types of pneumatic and non-pneumatic tires, including passenger car tires, truck and bus tires, engineering tires, jumbo tires, and various special tires, etc. It is particularly suitable for engineering tires and jumbo tires with slower speeds and higher loads. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0058] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0059] Figure 1 This is the structure diagram of the rubber all-steel radial tire;

[0060] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the embryo forming process;

[0061] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the steel ring mouth of a rubber tire;

[0062] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the carcass turn-up structure type;

[0063] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an O-type carcass provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of steel wire weaving in the transition zone;

[0065] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of placing the wire ring inside the O-type carcass;

[0066] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of placing the wire ring on the outside of the O-type carcass;

[0067] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the steel wire double-layer O-type carcass structure;

[0068] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the nylon double-layer O-type carcass structure;

[0069] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of winding steel wire or nylon cord around the inner core;

[0070] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of belt layer steel wire winding;

[0071] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of tread composite after the O-type carcass is poured;

[0072] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the sidewall composite;

[0073] Fig.15 Built-in schematic diagram for steel ring;

[0074] Fig.16 This is a schematic diagram of steel wire winding inside the steel ring;

[0075] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of double-layer carcass winding;

[0076] Description of reference numerals:

[0077] 1. Tread; 2. Sidewall; 3. Belt; 4. O-type carcass; 5. Wire bead; 6. Transition zone; 7. Ventilation hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0078] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0079] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or terminal device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or terminal device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "include..." or "comprise..." do not exclude the existence of other elements in the process, method, article or terminal device including the elements. In addition, in this article, "greater than", "less than", "exceed" and the like are understood to exclude the number itself; "above", "below", "within" and the like are understood to include the number itself.

[0080] like Figure 5 As shown, taking the polyurethane pneumatic tire 12.00R10 specification as an example, it includes a tread 1, a sidewall 2, a belt layer 3, an O-type carcass 4, a wire bead 5, a transition zone 6, and an air inlet 7 arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside; wherein, the tread 1 is the part of the tire that is in direct contact with the ground; the sidewall 2 is used to provide protection for the carcass; the belt layer 3 is a part used to improve the support and force of the tire; the carcass 4 is the skeleton component of the tire; the tread 1, the sidewall 2, the belt layer 3, and the O-type carcass 4 are connected to each other through a cross-linking reaction between materials; the wire bead 5 is bonded to the carcass 4 through a rubber compound.

[0081] The tread, sidewall and O-shaped carcass of the above polyurethane tire are all made of polyurethane material. Due to the excellent air tightness of polyurethane, the inner liner (including airtight layer and transition layer) of the traditional rubber tire can be omitted. The number of belt layers can also be greatly reduced according to actual conditions.

[0082] The structures and functions of the various components in the above-mentioned polyurethane tire are as follows:

[0083] Tread 1: Tread 1 is the part of the tire that is in direct contact with the ground. It has different shapes of patterns due to different usage conditions and different needs. It protects the tire body and is also the most used and worn part of the tire. It provides driving, traction, braking, drainage and anti-skid, shock absorption, steering and other functions. Polyurethane tires can greatly improve the traction performance of vehicles in mud and snow. It can improve the strength and wear resistance of the tread and reduce its daily wear and tear. The wear resistance of polyurethane is 3-8 times that of rubber, so the depth of the tire pattern can be reduced, and the overall weight of the tire can be reduced by 5%-20%.

[0084] Sidewall 2: Sidewall 2 is a part that provides protection for the O-type tire body 4 to prevent the O-type tire body 4 from being scratched by foreign objects. Sidewall 2 needs to have strong wear resistance and anti-aging performance. At the same time, this part needs to withstand periodic stress and strain for a long time and needs to have strong anti-flexing performance. The performance of polyurethane material is almost unchanged after aging at 100℃ for 48 hours, and it also has good anti-flexing performance. Therefore, polyurethane sidewall has more superior performance.

[0085] Belt layer 3: Belt layer 3 is arranged at different angles with steel wires between tread 1 and O-type carcass 4 to improve the support and stress-bearing parts of the tire. Its main functions are: first, it resists centrifugal force together with the O-type carcass cord layer to prevent the crown from bulging outward due to centrifugal force, and ensures stable tire outer diameter and tire circumference. Second, it controls the ideal shape of the tire footprint, thereby effectively providing grip / traction. Third, it provides the rigidity required for the tire to corner and turn, thereby bringing excellent handling. Fourth, it resists the invasion of foreign matter on the road. In polyurethane tires, polyurethane and steel wire have a natural high adhesion. At the same time, during the production process, heavy metals and phenol and other carcinogenic toxic substances used in the traditional rubber machine belt manufacturing process are avoided, which improves the operating environment of the workshop and reduces the pollution and damage to the natural environment during the entire life cycle of the tire product. The high-strength performance allows polyurethane all-steel tires to minimize the number of belt layers, reduce tire weight and thickness, and thus reduce heat generation.

[0086] O-type carcass 4: O-type carcass 4 includes the skeleton components of the tire, which are mainly used to withstand the impact force of the tire, such as the tire's load-bearing pressure, internal air pressure and lateral shear force. Polyurethane has high strength and strong adhesion to steel wires and cords, which is similar to the production of steel belt layers. The production process not only ensures green production but also improves the tire's load-bearing capacity.

[0087] Bead 5: Bead 5 is a component that ensures that the tire can be tightly fixed on the rim and is an important pressure-bearing part.

[0088] All related improvements on the above structure are protected by this patent.

[0089] Take liquid polyurethane as an example to describe the material. Polyurethane material has excellent wear resistance and puncture resistance. The basic properties of the raw materials are as follows (Table 1): 12.00R10 polyurethane tire is mainly divided into three parts: tread, sidewall, and carcass. The tread uses materials with a Shore A hardness of 55°-95°; the sidewall uses materials with a Shore A hardness of 50°-80°, and the carcass, belt layer and other materials use a Shore A hardness of 75°-95°.

[0090] Table 1 Performance requirements of various parts of polyurethane tire formulations

[0091]

[0092] Example 1

[0093] Taking steel cord as the O-type tire frame material as an example, the polyurethane tire manufacturing method is as follows:

[0094] (1) Manufacturing of components:

[0095] Tread 1 molding process: please refer to patent CN201911300250.6.

[0096] Sidewall 4 molding process: please refer to patent CN201910815970.X.

[0097] First, complete the winding and shaping of the steel wire skeleton material. Using the inner core that is consistent with the inner contour of the 12.00R10 tire as the internal support, the winding machine winds the 3+9+15×0.175+0.15NT model steel wire around the inner core. Fig.11 As shown in the figure, the starting point of the steel wire is located in the transition zone. After the end point of the steel wire is fixed on the inner core, the winding machine starts winding. Driven by the wire guide wheel, the steel wire is evenly wound on the inner core. Figure 11-2 After winding several times, the Figure 11-3 The inner core structure with steel wire is shown. Spray or brush adhesive on the surface of the carcass steel wire. After completion, place the steel wire rings with adhesive on both sides of the inner core and fix them with specific clips ( Figure 12-1 ). Start winding the 0° belt layer, the steel wire specification is 3×0.20+6×0.35HT. Fig.12 As shown, a winding machine is used to wind the inner core in the circumferential direction. Driven by the wire guide wheel, the steel wire is evenly laid on the surface of the inner core. After completion, the wound inner core with carcass steel wire, belt layer steel wire and wire ring is fixed in the inner support mold, and the mold is closed for casting. It is also possible to cast the carcass first and then wind the 0° belt layer.

[0098] (2) Overall composite:

[0099] like Fig.13 As shown, firstly, the tread mold assembly with the semi-finished tire tread is moved to the prepared O-shaped carcass, and the carcass with the inner core is inserted into the center of the tread mold, and the gap is filled by pouring, so as to finally form a preformed tread-carcass assembly.

[0100] like Fig.14 As shown, through the movement of the equipment and the mold, the preformed tread-carcass mold and the side plate mold are closed into a closed molding mold assembly. The sidewall rubber is injected through the injection hole reserved on the side plate mold to finally complete the entire tire.

[0101] (3) Curing and molding

[0102] After all the pouring is completed, adjust to the specified 100℃ and maintain for 2 hours. The heat preservation and curing can be carried out directly on the equipment, or after the product meets the requirements of being movable, the mold and the product as a whole can be removed from the equipment and placed in a constant temperature room for curing.

[0103] After the product is cured, the mold is opened, the product with the inner core is taken out, and placed in a constant temperature chamber at 100°C for post-vulcanization. After 10 hours of post-vulcanization, the inner core is removed to obtain the entire product.

[0104] For the inner core removal process, please refer to patent 2020107941410.

[0105] Example 2

[0106] Taking nylon cord as the O-type tire frame material as an example, the polyurethane tire manufacturing method is as follows:

[0107] (1) Manufacturing of components

[0108] Tread 1 molding process: please refer to patent CN201911300250.6.

[0109] Sidewall 4 molding process: please refer to patent CN201910815970.X.

[0110] First, complete the winding and shaping of the nylon cord. Use the inner core that is consistent with the inner contour of the 12.00R10 tire as the internal support. The winding machine winds the nylon cord around the inner core. The starting point is located in the transition zone. After the end point of the nylon cord is fixed on the inner core, the winding machine starts winding ( Figure 11-1 ). Driven by the guide wheel, the nylon cord is evenly wound on the inner core. Figure 11-2 After winding several times, the Figure 11-3 The inner core structure with nylon cords is shown. Spray or brush the adhesive on the surface of the nylon cord. After completion, place the wire rings with adhesive on both sides of the inner core and fix them with special clips. Then use steel wire with specifications of 3×0.20+6×0.35HT to wind the 0° belt layer, as shown in the figure. Fig.12 As shown. Under the traction of the winding machine, the steel wire is wound in the circumferential direction of the inner core. Driven by the wire pulley, the steel wire is evenly laid on the surface of the inner core. After completion, the wound inner core with nylon carcass cords, belt layer steel wires and wire rings is fixed in the inner support mold, and the mold is closed for casting. It is also possible to complete the casting of the carcass first, and then wind the 0° belt layer.

[0111] (2) Overall composite:

[0112] like Fig.13As shown, firstly, the tread mold assembly with the semi-finished tire tread is moved to the prepared O-shaped carcass, and the carcass with the inner core is inserted into the center of the tread mold, and the gap is filled by pouring, so as to finally form a preformed tread-carcass assembly.

[0113] like Fig.14 As shown, through the movement of the equipment and the mold, the preformed tread-carcass mold and the side plate mold are closed into a closed molding mold assembly. The sidewall rubber is injected through the injection hole reserved on the side plate mold to finally complete the entire tire.

[0114] (3) Curing and molding

[0115] After all the pouring is completed, adjust to the specified 100℃ and maintain for 2 hours. The heat preservation and curing can be carried out directly on the equipment, or after the product meets the requirements of being movable, the mold and the product as a whole can be removed from the equipment and placed in a constant temperature room for curing.

[0116] After the product is cured, the mold is opened, the product with the inner core is taken out, and placed in a constant temperature chamber at 100°C for post-vulcanization. After 10 hours of post-vulcanization, the inner core is removed to obtain the entire product.

[0117] For the inner core removal process, please refer to patent 2020107941410.

[0118] Example 3

[0119] Taking wire ring internalization as an example, the polyurethane tire manufacturing method is as follows:

[0120] (1) Production of components:

[0121] Tread 1 molding process: please refer to patent CN201911300250.6.

[0122] Sidewall 4 molding process: please refer to patent CN201910815970.X.

[0123] Place the wire rings with adhesive on both sides of the inner core in advance, fix them with specific clips, and raise them 10 mm. Fig.15 As shown. Use the inner core that is consistent with the inner contour of the 12.00R10 tire as the internal support. Use a nylon cord (or steel cord) winding machine to wind around the inner core. The starting point is located in the transition zone. After the end of the nylon cord is fixed on the inner core, the winding machine starts winding. Driven by the guide wire wheel, the nylon cord is evenly wound on the inner core, as shown. Fig.16As shown. Spray or brush adhesive on the surface of the nylon cord. Then, use steel wire with specifications of 3×0.20+6×0.35HT to wind the 0° belt layer. Use a winding machine to wind in the circumferential direction of the inner core. Driven by the wire pulley, the cord is evenly laid on the surface of the inner core. After completion, the wound inner core with carcass cords, belt layer steel wires and wire rings is fixed in the mold, and the mold is closed for casting.

[0124] (2) Overall composite:

[0125] like Fig.13 As shown, firstly, the tread mold assembly with the semi-finished tire tread is moved to the prepared O-shaped carcass, and the carcass with the inner core is inserted into the center of the tread mold, and the gap is filled by pouring, so as to finally form a preformed tread-carcass assembly.

[0126] like Fig.14 As shown, through the movement of the equipment and the mold, the preformed tread-carcass mold and the side plate mold are closed into a closed molding mold assembly. The sidewall rubber is injected through the injection hole reserved on the side plate mold to finally complete the entire tire.

[0127] (3) Curing and molding

[0128] After all the pouring is completed, adjust to the specified 100℃ and maintain for 2 hours. The heat preservation and curing can be carried out directly on the equipment, or after the product meets the requirements of being movable, the mold and the product as a whole can be removed from the equipment and placed in a constant temperature room for curing.

[0129] After the product is cured, the mold is opened, the product with the inner core is taken out, and placed in a constant temperature chamber at 100°C for post-vulcanization. After 10 hours of post-vulcanization, the inner core is removed to obtain the entire product.

[0130] For the inner core removal process, please refer to patent 2020107941410.

[0131] Example 4

[0132] Taking a double-layer steel wire carcass as an example, the manufacturing method of a polyurethane tire is as follows:

[0133] (1) Parts production

[0134] Tread 1 molding process: please refer to patent CN201911300250.6.

[0135] Sidewall 4 molding process: please refer to patent CN201910815970.X.

[0136] For tires with higher loads, a double carcass structure can be used, and a wire ring structure can be wrapped. Fig.17As shown. Place the wire rings brushed with adhesive on both sides of the inner core, fix them with specific clips, and raise them 10 mm. Use an inner core that matches the inner contour of the 12.00R10 tire as the internal support. Use a winding machine to wind the 3+9+15×0.175+0.15NT steel wire around the inner core. The starting point is located in the transition zone. After the end point of the steel wire is fixed on the inner core, the winding machine starts winding. Driven by the guide wire wheel, it is evenly wound on the inner core. After winding several times, it is completed as shown below. Fig.16 The inner core structure is wound with steel wires as shown. Adhesive is sprayed or brushed on the surface of the steel wires. The second carcass is wound in the same way as the first carcass. Fig.17 As shown, the wound inner core with double-layer carcass cords, belt layer steel wires and wire rings is fixed in the mold, and the mold is closed for casting.

[0137] (2) Overall composite:

[0138] like Fig.13 As shown, firstly, the tread mold assembly with the semi-finished tire tread is moved to the prepared O-shaped carcass, and the carcass with the inner core is inserted into the center of the tread mold, and the gap is filled by pouring, so as to finally form a preformed tread-carcass assembly.

[0139] like Fig.14 As shown, through the movement of the equipment and the mold, the preformed tread-carcass mold and the side plate mold are closed into a closed molding mold assembly. The sidewall rubber is injected through the injection hole reserved on the side plate mold to finally complete the entire tire.

[0140] (3) Curing and molding

[0141] After all the pouring is completed, adjust to the specified 100℃ and maintain for 2 hours. The heat preservation and curing can be carried out directly on the equipment, or after the product meets the requirements of being movable, the mold and the product as a whole can be removed from the equipment and placed in a constant temperature room for curing.

[0142] After the product is cured, the mold is opened, the product with the inner core is taken out, and placed in a constant temperature chamber at 100°C for post-vulcanization. After 10 hours of post-vulcanization, the inner core is removed to obtain the entire product.

[0143] For the inner core removal process, please refer to patent 2020107941410.

[0144] Example 5

[0145] Taking steel wire and nylon mixed as O-type tire body as an example, the manufacturing method of polyurethane tire is as follows:

[0146] (1) Parts production

[0147] Tread 1 molding process: please refer to patent CN201911300250.6.

[0148] Sidewall 4 molding process: please refer to patent CN201910815970.X.

[0149] For tires with higher loads, a double carcass structure can be used. Fig.11 As shown, after the first layer of steel cord is wound using an inner core that is consistent with the inner contour of the 12.00R10 tire as a support, the surface is sprayed or brushed with adhesive. The steel wire ring is placed on the carcass steel wire and positioned. Nylon cord or cord fabric is used as the second carcass in accordance with the first carcass winding method. After the second layer of nylon carcass is wound, the overall cord winding is completed. In this embodiment, the steel wire ring is fixed between the steel cord and the nylon cord. Finally, the wound inner core with the O-shaped carcass skeleton and the steel wire ring is fixed in the mold, and the mold is closed for casting.

[0150] (2) Overall composite:

[0151] like Fig.13 As shown, firstly, the tread mold assembly with the semi-finished tire tread is moved to the prepared O-shaped carcass, and the carcass with the inner core is inserted into the center of the tread mold, and the gap is filled by pouring, so as to finally form a preformed tread-carcass assembly.

[0152] like Fig.14 As shown, through the movement of the equipment and the mold, the preformed tread-carcass mold and the side plate mold are closed into a closed molding mold assembly. The sidewall rubber is injected through the injection hole reserved on the side plate mold to finally complete the entire tire.

[0153] (3) Curing and molding

[0154] After all the pouring is completed, adjust to the specified 100℃ and maintain for 2 hours. The heat preservation and curing can be carried out directly on the equipment, or after the product meets the requirements of being movable, the mold and the product as a whole can be removed from the equipment and placed in a constant temperature room for curing.

[0155] After the product is cured, the mold is opened, the product with the inner core is taken out, and placed in a constant temperature chamber at 100°C for post-vulcanization. After 10 hours of post-vulcanization, the inner core is removed to obtain the entire product.

[0156] For the inner core removal process, please refer to patent 2020107941410.

[0157] Example 6

[0158] Taking the non-zero-degree belt layer as an example, the polyurethane tire manufacturing method is as follows:

[0159] (1) Parts production

[0160] Tread 1 molding process: please refer to patent CN201911300250.6.

[0161] Belt layer 3 forming process: please refer to patent CN201910815970.X.

[0162] Sidewall 4 molding process: please refer to patent CN201910815970.X.

[0163] First, complete the winding and shaping of the cord. Use the inner core that is consistent with the inner contour of the 12.00R10 tire as the internal support, and use the winding machine to wind around the inner core. The starting point is located in the transition zone. After the cord end point is fixed on the inner core, the winding machine starts winding ( Figure 11-1 ). Driven by the guide wheel, the cord is evenly wound on the inner core. Figure 11-2 After winding several times, the Figure 11-3 The structure of the inner core with cords is shown. The adhesive is sprayed or brushed on the surface of the nylon cord. After completion, the wire rings with adhesive are placed on both sides of the inner core and fixed with specific clips. After completion, the inner core with carcass cords and wire rings is fixed in the inner support mold and the mold is closed for casting.

[0164] (2) Overall composite:

[0165] First, the mold with the semi-finished tire tread is moved to the prepared carcass mold, and the belt layer prepared by the method described in the patent is compounded on the carcass. The tread mold assembly with the semi-finished tire tread-belt layer is moved to the prepared O-type carcass, and the carcass with the inner core is inserted into the center of the tread mold, and the gap is filled by pouring. Finally, a preformed tread-carcass assembly is formed.

[0166] like Fig.14 As shown, through the movement of the equipment and the mold, the preformed tread-carcass mold and the side plate mold are closed into a closed molding mold assembly. The sidewall rubber is injected through the injection hole reserved on the side plate mold to finally complete the entire tire.

[0167] (3) Curing and molding

[0168] After all the pouring is completed, adjust to the specified 100℃ and maintain for 2 hours. The heat preservation and curing can be carried out directly on the equipment, or after the product meets the requirements of being movable, the mold and the product as a whole can be removed from the equipment and placed in a constant temperature room for curing.

[0169] After the product is cured, the mold is opened, the product with the inner core is taken out, and placed in a constant temperature chamber at 100°C for post-vulcanization. After 10 hours of post-vulcanization, the inner core is removed to obtain the entire product.

[0170] For the inner core removal process, please refer to patent 2020107941410.

[0171] In the above technical solution, the tire with O-type carcass structure and the molding process provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0172] (1) The O-type structure has no steel wire breakpoints inside the tire, which avoids the root cause of various diseases caused by traditional tires during use and improves product quality. (2) The O-type tire body structure is a single steel wire winding, which reduces the difficulty of molding. (3) The O-type tire body structure reduces the material distribution from 15 materials in traditional rubber tires to 3, which relieves the pressure in the material formulation production process and greatly improves the product qualification rate. (4) When the O-type tire body structure is subjected to force, the overall stability of the tire is higher and the force is more uniform. (5) The production process of the O-type tire body structure combines the two steps of traditional rubber tire embryo molding and vulcanization into one step, which greatly improves production efficiency. (6) The O-type tire manufacturing equipment has a certain degree of versatility for all-steel tires (steel wire tire body) and bias tires (nylon cord). The same equipment can produce both steel wire tire body tires and polymer cord tire body tires. (7) For the production of tires with multi-layer tire bodies, the single steel wire winding method is simpler, has obvious advantages in product diversification, and produces more specifications of products. (8) The O-type tire body structure fully utilizes the fluidity advantage of liquid polymer materials, reducing production investment to 1 / 10 of the original investment, the required site to 1 / 20, and the number of workers to 1 / 10. (9) The O-type tire body structure has a more stable mouth, which can still ensure that the position of the tire on the rim remains unchanged when the vehicle has a flat tire, and has higher safety. (10) The O-type tire body simplifies the structure, the overall weight of the tire will be reduced by 5%-20%, the tire cost and fuel consumption will be greatly reduced, and the life span will be increased by more than 50%. The O-type polyurethane tire provided by the present invention has extremely high load-bearing characteristics and is suitable for various types of pneumatic and non-pneumatic tires, including passenger car tires, truck and bus tires, engineering tires, jumbo tires, and various special tires, etc. It is particularly suitable for engineering tires and jumbo tires with slower speeds and higher loads.

[0173] The above description is only by way of illustration of certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention. It is undoubted that those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An O-type structural tire, characterized in that: The tire comprises a tread (1) arranged on the outermost layer, a sidewall (2) arranged on the radial inner side of the tread (1), a belt layer (3) arranged inside the tread (1) and the sidewall (2) and arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside, an O-type tire body (4), a wire bead (5), and a transition zone (6); wherein the tread (1) is the part of the tire that is in direct contact with the ground; the sidewall (2) is used to provide protection for the O-type tire body; the belt layer (3) is a part used to improve the support and force of the tire; the O-type tire body (4) is a skeleton component of the tire; the wire bead (5) is bonded to the O-type tire body by means of rubber; the transition zone (6) is fitted with a tire rim; a vent hole (7) is provided on the transition zone (6) and serves as a hole for air in and out when the tire is inflated or deflated; the belt layer (3) is wound in a multi-layer structure; The manufacturing method of the above-mentioned O-type structure tire is: First, the manufacturing of the components; the tread (1) is a full-circular tread or a strip-shaped spliced ​​tread: the tread is cast by a casting process, and the specific process is as follows: The steps for making a full-circle tread are: Install the spliced ​​or integrated tread mold with tire pattern on a rotating device driven by a motor, so that the whole system rotates horizontally. Under the action of centrifugal force, the liquid polyurethane material is evenly distributed on the surface of the tread mold. As time goes by, the pouring amount gradually increases, and the tread thickness increases until it reaches the design requirements; During the pouring process, multiple pouring equipment is used to pour multiple times, dividing the tread into multiple layers; Among them, the cavity is divided into various shapes of tread structures by mold partitions or scrapers during multiple pouring; Among them, the rotating device is subjected to speed and frequency conversion processing, the pouring head and drainage device are subjected to flow rate change, and the drainage channel is increased, decreased or changed; Among them, the mold is driven directly or indirectly by a motor to rotate horizontally; Among them, an outer cover or jacket type heating and heat preservation device is used for the mold and a heating device is added inside the mold, or an outer cover type heating and heat preservation device is used for the entire system; The mold cavity is an open design, the mold is non-sealed, and no flow channel is provided. Instead, the material flow is directly injected into the cavity from the open space. Among them, the belt layer component is inserted into the mold in advance, and then the mold is closed and cast; Among them, after the polyurethane tire tread is completed, it is attached with adhesive through spraying or brushing process and then combined with other parts of the tire; Wherein, the material flow is drained through a soft or hard drainage device, and the injection point after drainage is the surface of the mold cavity or above the open cavity of the mold; Among them, the number of drainage channels in the drainage device is increased or decreased; Among them, ultrasonic waves, slow high shear devices, silo stirring and vacuuming are used in the drainage device for degassing operation; Among them, the operation of adding microfibers, microbeads, powders and color paste materials for improving the performance of polyurethane is carried out in the drainage device; The production steps of strip-type spliced ​​tread are as follows: Place the mold with tire pattern on the surface flat on the platform. After the pouring head starts pouring, it moves relative to the mold in the plane direction. According to different tread patterns and thicknesses, as well as the reaction speed of the polyurethane material, different movement speeds are set so that the tread material is gradually thickened from the outermost side of the tread in the mold to the required thickness. During the pouring process, multiple pouring is performed to divide the tread into multiple layers; after the pouring is completed, the strip tread is wound around other completed parts by bonding; Among them, the cavity is divided into various shapes of tread structures by mold partitions or scrapers during multiple pouring; Among them, the translation device is subjected to speed and frequency conversion processing, the pouring head and drainage device are subjected to flow rate change, and the drainage channel is increased, decreased or changed; The mold is driven directly or indirectly by a motor to translate; Among them, an outer cover or jacket type heating and heat preservation device is used for the mold and a heating device is added inside the mold, or an outer cover type heating and heat preservation device is used for the entire system; The mold cavity is an open design, the mold is non-sealed, and no flow channel is provided. Instead, the material flow is directly injected into the cavity from the open space. Among them, the belt layer component is inserted into the mold in advance, and then the mold is closed and cast; Among them, after the polyurethane tire tread is completed, it is attached with adhesive through spraying or brushing process and then combined with other parts of the tire; Wherein, the material flow is drained through a soft or hard drainage device, and the injection point after drainage is the surface of the mold cavity or above the open cavity of the mold; Among them, the number of drainage channels in the drainage device is increased or decreased; Among them, ultrasonic waves, slow high shear devices, silo stirring and vacuuming are used in the drainage device for degassing operation; Among them, the operation of adding microfibers, microbeads, powders and color paste materials for improving the performance of polyurethane is carried out in the drainage device; Sidewall (2): Direct casting process is adopted to cast the sidewall directly according to the designed sidewall component shape; O-type carcass (4): fix one end of the carcass skeleton material to the inner core, and use a special winding machine to wind the steel wire or nylon wire evenly onto the inner core according to the designed density; Second, the overall molding process; First, the tread (1) and the belt layer are compounded, and each belt layer of the tire is compounded on a belt layer forming drum by winding. The belt layer forming drum moves to the prepared tread and is inserted as a whole into the central position of the prepared annular tread. The gap between the belt layer and the tread is filled with a filling glue by pouring, and finally an integral tread mold assembly is formed; The tread mold assembly is moved to the prepared O-shaped tire body (4), the O-shaped tire body with the inner core is inserted into the central position of the tread mold assembly, and the gap is filled by pouring, and finally a preformed tread-tire body assembly is formed; Through the movement of the equipment and the mold, the preformed tread-carcass assembly and the side plate mold are closed into a closed molding mold assembly, and the sidewall rubber is injected through the injection hole reserved on the side plate mold to finally complete the entire tire; After the overall molding process steps, it also includes: curing molding, after all the pouring is completed, adjust to the specified temperature; after the product is cured, open the mold, take out the product, put it into a constant temperature room for post-vulcanization, and after the post-vulcanization is completed, remove the inner core to obtain the entire product.

2. The O-type structure tire according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tread (1) is provided with patterns of different shapes.

3. The O-type structure tire according to claim 1, characterized in that: All components are made of liquid polymer materials, and the Shore A hardness of each component is: The tread (1) has a rubber angle of 55°-95°, the sidewall (2) has a rubber angle of 50°-80°, the belt layer (3) has a rubber angle of 75°-95°, the O-type carcass (4) has a rubber angle of 75°-95°, and the others have a rubber angle of 75°-95°.

4. The O-type structure tire according to claim 1, characterized in that: The O-shaped carcass (4) is in the shape of a closed inner tube; the O-shaped carcass (4) is formed by winding a steel wire or a nylon wire around an inner core at any angle, and the starting point and the end point are connected by welding.

5. The O-type structure tire according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel wires are braided in the transition zone (6).

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