A test device for simulating the starting and excavation process of a shield machine with controllable earth pressure

Abstract

The invention discloses a shield machine starting and excavation process simulation test device with controllable earth pressure, which includes three parts: a controllable stratum stress simulation soil box system, a shield model system with grouting and slag transportation functions, and a propulsion and cutting power system with absolute horizontal stability; the controllable stratum stress simulation soil box system includes a pressure control module and a box body; the shield model system with grouting and slag transportation functions includes a cutter head base, a conical front shield body, an integrated shield tail, a shield shell, a transmission shaft, a sealed bearing, a grouting system and a slag transportation system; the propulsion and cutting power system with absolute horizontal stability includes a horizontal propulsion system, a cutter head cutting power system and a horizontal guide module. It can realize stratum stress control, shield starting and excavation process simulation, which is closer to the actual situation of shield construction, and the device has structural stability, good sealing during excavation, small footprint, and universal applicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a tunnel engineering machine, in particular to a shield machine starting and excavation process simulation test device with controllable earth pressure. Background Art

[0002] With the development of urban rail transit, shield tunneling has become an indispensable construction technology for rail transit construction. At present, there is little research on the mutual influence between the shield and the soil, the cutter and the soil, and the wear law of the cutter during the tunneling process of the shield machine, and the relevant theory has not yet formed a complete system. On the one hand, due to the difficulty of conducting experiments in actual projects, the difficulty in extracting relevant parameters, the high cost of experiments and certain safety risks, there has been little progress in field experiments; on the other hand, the existing shield machine simulation test device has a large gap between the simulated working conditions and the actual conditions, the conditions considered are relatively single, and the simulation test effect is poor.

[0003] Chinese invention patent CN 112761653 A and Chinese utility model patent CN 214303835 U proposed a mud-water-earth pressure dual-mode switchable shield tunneling simulation test device. Although the device can simulate shield tunneling under simple conditions, it still has many shortcomings. First, the soil sample box part cannot achieve initial pressure control, that is, it cannot simulate the stratum stress condition; second, it does not consider the shield starting state and the sealing treatment during the tunneling process, and seepage and sand leakage will occur during the tunneling process, which is far from the actual situation; third, the device structure is not stable enough, and the simulated shield tunneling will generate horizontal reaction force and tangential moment, which requires high structural and directional stability control. The device is obviously insufficient in this regard.

[0004] Chinese utility model patent CN 211504685 U provides a high-water-pressure slurry shield comprehensive model test device, which can simulate the shield excavation posture and tool wear during underwater tunnel excavation of a slurry shield under high water pressure conditions. However, the device has a high investment cost and a large volume structure, and is not generally applicable.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shield machine starting and excavation process simulation test device with controllable earth pressure to solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0007] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] The earth pressure controllable shield machine starting and excavation process simulation test device of the present invention comprises three parts: a controllable stratum stress simulation soil box system, a shield model system with grouting and slag transportation functions, and a propulsion and cutting power system with absolute horizontal stability;

[0009] The controllable stratum stress simulation soil box system comprises a pressure control module and a box;

[0010] The shield model system with grouting and slag transportation functions includes a cutter head base, a conical front shield body, an integrated shield tail, a shield shell, a transmission shaft, a sealed bearing, a grouting system and a slag transportation system;

[0011] The propulsion and cutting power system with absolute horizontal stability comprises a horizontal propulsion system, a cutter head cutting power system and a horizontal guide module.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the earth pressure controllable shield machine starting and excavation process simulation test device provided by the present invention realizes the formation stress control, shield starting and excavation process simulation through the three parts of the controllable formation stress simulation soil box system, the shield model system with grouting and slag transportation functions, and the propulsion and cutting power system with absolute horizontal stability. It is closer to the actual situation of shield construction, and the device has structural stability, good sealing during the excavation process, small footprint, and universal applicability. The device can be used to study the cutter wear, slag improvement, soil settlement and cutter-soil interaction laws under shield starting and different earth pressure and excavation parameters, which can provide support and reference for related engineering applications and theoretical research. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the soil box structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a soil box structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a shield model system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the front shield structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 5 A half-section diagram of the shield tail structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a propulsion and cutting power system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] In the figure:

[0021] 1-pressure rotary handle, 2-gantry support column, 3-gantry support plate, 4-anti-rotation unit, 401-anti-rotation body, 402-anti-rotation body mounting plate, 5-feeding surface, 6-shield starting surface, 601-reinforcement bin outer surface, 602-reinforcement bin partition, 7-starting steel ring, 8-sealed polyurethane ring, 9-grid reinforcement surface, 10-angle plate, 11-cutter disc base, 12-sealing cover, 13-bearing, 14-front shield body, 15-grouting system, 16-shield shell, 17-integrated shield tail, 18-coupling, 19-drive shaft, 20-output bearing mounting plate, 21-gear set, 22-slag transportation system, 23-bottom plate, 24-guide column, 25-horizontal guide rail, 26-sliding module, 27-housing fixed slider, 28-horizontal reduction gear motor, 29-horizontal motor bearing platform, 30-servo motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, which does not constitute a limitation of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0023] First, the terms that may be used in this article are explained as follows:

[0024] The term “and / or” means that either or both of them can be realized at the same time. For example, X and / or Y means both “X” or “Y” and “X and Y”.

[0025] The terms "include", "comprises", "contains", "has" or other descriptions with similar semantics should be interpreted as non-exclusive inclusion. For example, including certain technical feature elements (such as raw materials, components, ingredients, carriers, dosage forms, materials, dimensions, parts, components, mechanisms, devices, steps, procedures, methods, reaction conditions, processing conditions, parameters, algorithms, signals, data, products or products, etc.) should be interpreted as including not only certain technical feature elements explicitly listed, but also other technical feature elements known in the art that are not explicitly listed.

[0026] The term "consisting of..." means excluding any technical feature elements not explicitly listed. If this term is used in a claim, it will make the claim closed, so that it does not contain technical feature elements other than the technical feature elements explicitly listed, except for the conventional impurities related to them. If this term only appears in a clause of a claim, it only limits the elements explicitly listed in the clause, and the elements recorded in other clauses are not excluded from the overall claim.

[0027] Unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example: it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this article can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0028] The orientation or position relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings and are only for the convenience and simplification of description, and do not explicitly or implicitly indicate that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation of this document.

[0029] The contents not described in detail in the examples of the present invention belong to the prior art known to professionals in the field. If no specific conditions are specified in the examples of the present invention, the conditions are carried out according to the conventional conditions in the field or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer is not specified in the reagents or instruments used in the examples of the present invention, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0030] The earth pressure controllable shield machine starting and excavation process simulation test device of the present invention comprises three parts: a controllable stratum stress simulation soil box system, a shield model system with grouting and slag transportation functions, and a propulsion and cutting power system with absolute horizontal stability;

[0031] The controllable stratum stress simulation soil box system comprises a pressure control module and a box;

[0032] The shield model system with grouting and slag transportation functions includes a cutter head base, a conical front shield body, an integrated shield tail, a shield shell, a transmission shaft, a sealed bearing, a grouting system and a slag transportation system;

[0033] The propulsion and cutting power system with absolute horizontal stability comprises a horizontal propulsion system, a cutter head cutting power system and a horizontal guide module.

[0034] In the controllable stratum stress simulation soil box system:

[0035] The pressure control module includes a pressure rotary handle, a rotation stop unit, a gantry and a pressure sensor;

[0036] The box body includes a feeding surface, a bearing surface, a shield starting surface, a grid reinforcement surface and a settlement monitoring surface;

[0037] The feeding surface is the upper surface of the soil box, with screw holes reserved in advance, and connected to the anti-rotation unit through hexagon socket stud bolts;

[0038] The bearing surface is the lower surface, with screw holes reserved in advance, and connected to the bottom plate by bolts;

[0039] The shield starting face is the shield machine excavation face, which includes a reinforcement chamber and a shield starting steel ring, both of which have concentric circular holes reserved;

[0040] The reinforcement chamber is a wall reinforcement area that simulates the start of shield tunneling, which is separated from the soil by a steel plate and filled with prefabricated panels;

[0041] The shield starting steel ring is welded on the outer surface of the starting surface, and a groove is provided in the steel ring, in which a polyurethane ring for sealing the shield starting and excavation process is arranged;

[0042] The surface of the grille reinforcement surface is provided with a reinforcement grille;

[0043] The settlement monitoring surface is a grid-reinforced surface with a scale window, which can monitor soil settlement and read parameters in real time.

[0044] In the shield model system with grouting and slag transportation functions:

[0045] The cutter disc base is cross-shaped and is connected to the transmission shaft via a coupling, and a screw hole is reserved on the base surface for fixing the replaceable cutter disc;

[0046] The conical front shield body is a concave conical cylinder, the center of the conical surface is connected to the transmission shaft through a bearing, and the surface is reserved with slag holes, grouting holes and screw holes connected to the shield shell;

[0047] The integrated shield tail is a cylinder, with a central reserved circular hole connected to the transmission shaft through a bearing, a circular slag outlet reserved at the lower end, a slurry injection port reserved at the upper end, and screw holes reserved on the surface connected to the shield shell through bolts;

[0048] The reserved screw holes on the surface of the shield shell are respectively connected to the front shield body, the fixed slider and the shield tail;

[0049] The transmission shaft is connected to the output end of the motor through a coupling.

[0050] In the propulsion and cutting power system with absolute horizontal stability:

[0051] The horizontal propulsion system includes a linear single-axis module, a propulsion servo motor, and a reduction gear motor bearing platform;

[0052] The linear single-axis module has reserved screw holes and is fixed to the base plate by bolts;

[0053] The reduction gear motor bearing platform is connected to the slider on the linear single-axis module through bolts;

[0054] The cutter head cutting power system includes a horizontal reduction gear motor, a gear set and a bearing;

[0055] The horizontal reduction gear motor is fixed on the reduction motor bearing platform by bolts;

[0056] The gear set includes a main transmission shaft gear and a slag transport transmission shaft gear;

[0057] The horizontal guide module includes a guide column, a horizontal guide rail, and a housing fixing device;

[0058] The guide column has a reserved screw hole and is fixed to the base plate by bolts;

[0059] The horizontal guide rail is connected to the guide column by means of hexagon socket stud bolts;

[0060] The shell fixing device comprises upper and lower shell fixing sliding blocks, which are provided with reserved screw holes and round holes, are slidably connected to the horizontal guide rails through the round holes, and are fixedly connected to the shield shell through bolts.

[0061] A foot plate is provided at the internal connection of the grille reinforcement surface and is kept level with the reinforcement compartment partition.

[0062] In summary, the earth pressure controllable shield machine starting and excavation process simulation test device of the embodiment of the present invention can improve the adaptability and structural stability of the test device by improving the test device, and can carry out research on shield starting, soil layer settlement, slag improvement, interaction between tool and soil, and tool wear law.

[0063] The formation stress simulation, shield starting and excavation process are realized through three parts: a controllable formation stress simulation soil box system, a shield model system with grouting and slag transportation functions, and a propulsion and cutting power system with absolute horizontal stability. The tool wear, slag improvement, and soil settlement laws under different soil pressures and excavation parameters can be studied. The device has a stable structure and can achieve precise control of the shield excavation direction. The device is of appropriate size and has strong adaptability, which can provide reference and reference for related engineering applications and theoretical research.

[0064] In order to more clearly demonstrate the technical solution and technical effects provided by the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail with specific embodiments below.

[0065] Example 1

[0066] like Figure 1 to Figure 7 As shown, a shield machine starting and excavation process simulation test device with controllable earth pressure of the present invention comprises a controllable stratum stress simulation soil box system, a shield model system with grouting and slag transportation functions, and a propulsion and cutting power system with absolute horizontal stability.

[0067] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the controllable stratum stress simulation soil box system consists of a pressure control module and a box;

[0068] The pressure control module is composed of 1-pressure rotary handle, 2-gantry support column, 3-gantry support plate and 4-rotation stop unit;

[0069] The anti-rotation unit is composed of 401-anti-rotation body and 402-anti-rotation body mounting plate, and contains a pressure sensor that can read the real-time simulated formation pressure;

[0070] The box body is composed of 5-feeding surface, 6-shield starting surface, 7-starting steel ring, 8-sealing polyurethane ring, 9-grid reinforcement surface and 10-angle plate;

[0071] Put the simulated stratum material into the soil bin through the feed port, and put the prefabricated panel into the reinforcement bin at the same time. Initially, the material in the soil bin is higher than the 602-reinforcement bin partition. By adjusting the 1-pressure rotary handle, the 4-rotation-stop unit and the 5-feeding surface are pressed tightly against the soil. When the stratum pressure reaches the target value, it can be stopped; the 602-reinforcement bin partition and the 10-angle plate play a role in supporting the 5-feeding surface. If the soil collapses during the shield excavation process, the feeding surface remains stable under the support of the 10-angle plate and the 602-reinforcement bin partition.

[0072] When the shield starts, the outer surface of the 601-reinforcement chamber, the 602-reinforcement chamber partition and the filling prefabricated plate act as a simulated starting reinforcement surface. The 7-starting steel ring and the 8-sealed polyurethane ring are used as the starting sealing device to closely cooperate with the shield body to form a seal to prevent leakage of liquid and sand, and the outer surface of the shield body is coated with lubricating oil to reduce friction. During the excavation process, the soil settlement is monitored and recorded through the settlement monitoring surface (9-grid reinforcement surface with a scale window).

[0073] like Figure 3 As shown, the shield model system with grouting and slag transportation functions consists of 11-cutter head base, 12-sealing cover, 13-bearing, 14-front shield body, 15-grouting system, 16-shield shell, 17-integrated shield tail, 18-coupling, 19-drive shaft, 20-output bearing mounting plate, 21-gear set, and 22-slag transportation system;

[0074] The 11-cutter base has screw holes reserved thereon for installing the cutter disc, and is equipped with a pressure sensor, which is then closely matched with the 14-front shield body through the 12-sealing cover and the 13-bearing, the 16-shield shell is respectively connected with the 14-front shield body and the 17-integrated shield tail through screw holes, the 15-grouting system and the 22-slag transportation system are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the shield shell, and the 19-drive shaft is connected with the 11-cutter base through the 18-coupling and is connected with the 17-shield tail through the 20-output bearing mounting plate;

[0075] The gear set 21 includes a transmission system gear and a slag transport system gear, and when the transmission shaft 19 rotates, the slag transport system 22 is driven to operate;

[0076] The 14-front shield body is as follows Figure 4 As shown, it is a concave conical cylinder, with a reserved hole in the center connected to the 11-cutter base through a bearing, and connected to the 16-shield shell through a screw hole, and three 1501-grouting holes and one 2201-slag inlet are reserved on the surface;

[0077] The 17-integrated shield tail Figure 5 As shown, the cylindrical body is processed, the central reserved hole is connected to the transmission shaft through the 18-coupling, and is connected to the 16-shield through the screw hole. The upper part is provided with a storage slurry input port, and the lower part is provided with a slag outlet;

[0078] During shield tunneling, the rotation of the cutterhead base drives the slag system to operate and transport the soil cut by the cutterhead. At the same time, bentonite, mud and foam can be sprayed according to different settings to conduct related research on tool-soil interaction, tool wear, slag improvement, etc.

[0079] like Figure 6As shown, the propulsion and cutting power system with absolute horizontal stability is composed of 23-base plate, 24-guide column, 25-horizontal guide rail, 26-sliding module, 27-housing fixed slide block, 28-horizontal reduction gear motor, 29-horizontal motor bearing platform, 30-servo motor;

[0080] The 26-sliding module includes two parallel guide rails, which are fixed to the 23-bottom plate by bolts, and connected to the 29-horizontal motor bearing platform by bolts. Two 30-servo motors are arranged at the right end to provide the required thrust in the horizontal direction; the 28-horizontal reduction gear motor has a power of 0.5-3.5kw, a reduction ratio of 1:5-1:200, and an output torque of 3-5N·m; the 30-servo motor generates a horizontal thrust of 150-300N. The thrust, cutter head speed and torque during excavation can be read through the pressure sensor, the reduction gear motor and the motor control panel.

[0081] The guide column 24 is fixed to the bottom plate 23 by bolts, and is fixedly connected to the horizontal guide rail 25 by hexagonal stud bolts. The housing fixed slider 27 has reserved screw holes and round holes, and is slidably connected to the horizontal guide rail through the round holes, and is fixedly connected to the shield housing by bolts. The horizontal motor bearing platform 29 is fixed to the horizontal motor bearing platform 29 by bolts.

[0082] like Figure 7 As shown in the figure, it is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device. When the shield machine is excavating, two 30-servo motors provide forward thrust in the horizontal direction, and the 28-horizontal reduction gear motor provides the torque required for cutting. At the same time, the 19-shell and 27-shell fixed sliders are fixedly connected to ensure the stability and directional accuracy of the shield during advancement and reduce the resonance reaction caused by the rotation of the motor.

[0083] Through the above specific implementation methods, the cutterhead is located at the starting steel ring position when the shield starts. As the excavation shield and the polyurethane ring form a seal, there is no leakage or seepage during the excavation process. The grouting system operates normally, the slag discharge system is unobstructed, and the soil pressure, rotation speed, thrust and other parameters can be effectively extracted and controlled, realizing the simulation of the shield start and excavation process with controllable soil pressure. It provides equipment support and reference for the research on shield start, soil settlement, slag improvement, interaction between cutter and soil, and cutter wear law.

[0084] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims. The information disclosed in the background technology section of this article is only intended to deepen the understanding of the overall background technology of the present invention, and should not be regarded as an admission or in any form that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A test device for simulating the starting and excavation process of a shield machine with controllable earth pressure, characterized in that: It consists of three parts: a soil box system for simulating controllable stratum stress, a shield model system with grouting and slag transportation functions, and a propulsion and cutting power system with absolute horizontal stability. The controllable stratum stress simulation soil box system comprises a pressure control module and a box; The shield model system with grouting and slag transportation functions includes a cutter head base, a conical front shield body, an integrated shield tail, a shield shell, a transmission shaft, a sealed bearing, a grouting system and a slag transportation system; The propulsion and cutting power system with absolute horizontal stability includes a horizontal propulsion system, a cutter head cutting power system and a horizontal guide module; In the controllable stratum stress simulation soil box system: The pressure control module includes a pressure rotary handle, a rotation stop unit, a gantry and a pressure sensor; The box body includes a feeding surface, a bearing surface, a shield starting surface, a grid reinforcement surface and a settlement monitoring surface; The feeding surface is the upper surface of the soil box, with screw holes reserved in advance, and connected to the anti-rotation unit through hexagon socket stud bolts; The bearing surface is the lower surface, with screw holes reserved in advance, and connected to the bottom plate by bolts; The shield starting face is the shield machine excavation face, which includes a reinforcement chamber and a shield starting steel ring, both of which have concentric circular holes reserved; The reinforcement chamber is a wall reinforcement area that simulates the start of shield tunneling, which is separated from the soil by a steel plate and filled with prefabricated panels; The shield starting steel ring is welded on the outer surface of the starting surface, and a groove is provided in the steel ring, in which a polyurethane ring for sealing the shield starting and excavation process is arranged; The surface of the grille reinforcement surface is provided with a reinforcement grille; The settlement monitoring surface is a grid-reinforced surface with a scale window, which can monitor soil settlement and read parameters in real time; In the shield model system with grouting and slag transportation functions: The cutter disc base is cross-shaped and is connected to the transmission shaft via a coupling, and a screw hole is reserved on the base surface for fixing the replaceable cutter disc; The conical front shield body is a concave conical cylinder, the center of the conical surface is connected to the transmission shaft through a bearing, and the surface is reserved with slag holes, grouting holes and screw holes connected to the shield shell; The integrated shield tail is a cylinder, with a central reserved circular hole connected to the transmission shaft through a bearing, a circular slag outlet reserved at the lower end, a slurry injection port reserved at the upper end, and screw holes reserved on the surface connected to the shield shell through bolts; The reserved screw holes on the surface of the shield shell are respectively connected to the front shield body, the fixed slider and the shield tail; The transmission shaft is connected to the output end of the motor through a coupling; In the propulsion and cutting power system with absolute horizontal stability: The horizontal propulsion system includes a linear single-axis module, a propulsion servo motor, and a reduction gear motor bearing platform; The linear single-axis module has reserved screw holes and is fixed to the base plate by bolts; The reduction gear motor bearing platform is connected to the slider on the linear single-axis module through bolts; The cutter head cutting power system includes a horizontal reduction gear motor, a gear set and a bearing; The horizontal reduction gear motor is fixed on the reduction motor bearing platform by bolts; The gear set includes a main transmission shaft gear and a slag transport transmission shaft gear; The horizontal guide module includes a guide column, a horizontal guide rail, and a housing fixing device; The guide column has a reserved screw hole and is fixed to the base plate by bolts; The horizontal guide rail is connected to the guide column by means of hexagon socket stud bolts; The shell fixing device comprises upper and lower shell fixing slide blocks, which have reserved screw holes and round holes, are slidably connected to the horizontal guide rails through the round holes, and are fixedly connected to the shield shell through bolts; A foot plate is provided at the internal connection of the grille reinforcement surface and is kept level with the reinforcement compartment partition.

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