Drill bit and method for making vertical boreholes in soil

Abstract

The invention relates to a drill head and a method for producing a substantially vertical borehole in soil, the drill head having a body, a drilling tool arranged on the body, a conveying device, which can be connected to a suction unit for sucking a conveying medium via a conveying line, the conveying device having an opening area arranged on the body in the area of ​​the drilling tool on a working surface. At least one opening in the opening area is connected to a suction box as a component of the conveying device, the suction box having a connecting opening for connection to the conveying line at the end opposite to the opening; at least one element is provided, which applies an acceleration to the loosened soil in the area of ​​the suction box, the soil loosened by the drilling tool can be moved into the opening area and / or through the opening into the suction box by the acceleration, in the opening and / or in the suction box, the loosened soil is entrained by the conveying medium and can be moved by the suction unit via the conveying line.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a drill bit and a method for producing a substantially vertical borehole in soil, the drill bit and the method being particularly used for producing a shaft, the drill bit comprising: a main body which can be connected to a rotary drive device of a drilling device; a drilling tool arranged on the main body, the drilling tool being used to loosen the soil on a working surface of the borehole; a transport device which transports the loosened soil on the working surface away, the transport device being able to be connected to a suction unit for sucking a conveying medium via a transport pipeline, wherein the transport device has an opening area arranged on the main body in the area of ​​the drilling tool on the working surface, the opening area having at least one opening. Background Art

[0002] Such drill bits are known, for example, from US Pat. No. 4,646,853 A, EP 2,597,249 B1, US Pat. No. 3,384,191 A, US Pat. No. 4,195,700 A and US Pat. No. 4,200,160 A.

[0003] US4646853A discloses a device and method for excavating a shaft. In order to loosen the soil, a cutting wheel that can rotate around a vertical axis is provided. In order to move the loosened soil, a mechanical conveying device with a bucket is provided.

[0004] EP2597249B1 shows a drilling device for digging a vertical borehole downward in the soil, which has a drill head that rotates on a working surface. A suction device with an opening is provided, which is arranged externally on the end of the drill head that points toward the working surface and rotates with the drill head. In this way, the loosened soil is transported away from the drill hole.

[0005] US3384191A shows a drill head with a roller cutter, which also has a suction device for removing the loosened soil. For this purpose, a guide plate is provided, which is arranged in the area of ​​the opening of the suction device and collects the loosened soil when the drill head rotates and conveys it to the opening. An inclined channel is provided behind the opening, which opens into a centrally arranged transport line.

[0006] US4195700 also discloses a drill with a roller cutter, which has a radial opening, at the inner end of which a transfer line is arranged. The opening is implemented as a slot, behind which a conically shaped tube is arranged, which widens toward the transfer line.

[0007] US4200160A discloses a drill head with a suction device for removing loosened soil. The suction device is provided with a slit-shaped radial opening that opens into a cylindrical space. A channel extends from the space and opens into a wastewater line. Summary of the invention

[0008] The object of the present invention is to simplify the suction device in the aforementioned drill head and at the same time to improve its efficiency.

[0009] The object is achieved with respect to the drill bit in the following manner: at least one opening in the opening area is connected to a suction box as a component of a transport device, and the suction box has a connecting opening for connection to a conveying line at the end opposite to the opening; at least one element is provided, which applies an acceleration to the loosened soil in the area of ​​the suction box, and the soil loosened by the drilling tool can be moved into the opening area and / or through the opening into the suction box, wherein in the opening area, preferably in the opening and / or in the suction box, the loosened soil is entrained by the conveying medium and can be transported by the suction unit via the conveying line.

[0010] This makes it possible in a surprisingly simple manner to remove the loosened soil, in particular in the case of heavier, sluggish components which cannot be sucked up without problems, while at the same time significantly increasing the suction power.

[0011] A further teaching of the invention provides that the at least one element is at least one nozzle which is arranged pointing into the opening region and which discharges at least one jet of the transport medium in order to achieve an acceleration.

[0012] Another teaching of the invention provides that at least one deflection area is provided after the opening, preferably before the inlet into the suction box, in which the flow direction of the loosened soil can be deflected. As a result, the material to be transported can be fed to the transport device and subsequently transported particularly easily.

[0013] A further teaching of the invention provides that at least one tool is provided in the opening region, which tool is used to loosen the soil, preferably in the form of a toothed rack, and / or which tool is used to receive the loosened soil. This allows the rock / soil to be loosened / received directly in the opening region on the working surface. The loosened / received material can thus be fed particularly well to the suction device.

[0014] Furthermore, it is advantageous if the at least one tool is movable, preferably via at least one hydraulic cylinder, to change the distance of the tool from the work surface and / or if the at least one tool is pivotable relative to the opening area, preferably via at least one hydraulic cylinder.

[0015] A further teaching of the invention provides that the distance of the opening area from the working surface is adjustable. Advantageously, the distance is adjusted via a vertical movement of the suction box and / or via a pivoting of the suction box about a pivot point, wherein a drive, preferably a hydraulic cylinder or a spring mechanism, is provided for the movement or for the pivoting. The amount of material sucked can thereby be directly and simply influenced.

[0016] Another teaching of the invention provides that the opening region is provided with a cleaning tool, which is preferably at least one movable element and / or at least one nozzle for discharging a medium, such as a gas (air) or a liquid (water, bentonite flushing liquid). Blockages in the opening region can thereby be eliminated or prevented.

[0017] Another teaching of the invention provides that at least one flushing nozzle is provided, by means of which soil loosened by at least one drilling tool can be transported to an area on the working surface through which the suction box moves when drilling with the drill bit, thereby improving the material transport to the suction box in a simple manner.

[0018] Another teaching of the present invention provides that the suction box is replaceably arranged in the drill head. As a result, the drill head can be easily adapted to different geological conditions. In addition, the direction of rotation can also be reversed.

[0019] Another teaching of the present invention provides that a sorting element is arranged in the opening area. This can be, for example, a grid, a separating plate which divides the opening area into a plurality of openings, or a plurality of openings. This makes it possible to achieve a particle size limitation of the sucked material in a simple manner.

[0020] Another teaching of the invention provides that the suction box is arranged essentially horizontally, thereby advantageously influencing the material transport and material intake in the suction box.

[0021] A further teaching of the invention provides that the opening region extends essentially radially outwards, viewed from a center point. Advantageously, the opening is designed to be elongated or slot-shaped. A further teaching of the invention provides that, viewed radially outwards along the opening region, the clear cross section of the opening changes, preferably increases. This makes it possible to influence the material intake, the location of the material intake and the amount of intake in a simple manner.

[0022] It is also advantageous here if the connecting opening of the suction box is arranged offset relative to the opening area relative to the perpendicular midline of the opening area, preferably offset outwards. The suction box is thus designed asymmetrically. This makes it possible to influence the suction intensity or the flow profile in the suction box or in the opening area in a simple manner, and thus the amount of material sucked in. For example, the flow in the radially outer area of ​​the suction box can be increased by moving it outwards, so that a larger amount of material accumulated there can be sucked out better.

[0023] Another teaching of the invention provides that the connecting opening of the suction box is arranged pivotally relative to the perpendicular midline of the opening area. This can easily influence the suction intensity or flow profile in the suction box or in the opening area and thus the amount of material sucked in. For example, by tilting the connecting opening inwards, the flow in the radially outer area of ​​the suction box can be increased so that a larger amount of material accumulated there can be sucked out better.

[0024] Another teaching of the present invention provides that the suction box has at least one nozzle in the inner space. Thus, the movement of the loosened soil / rock can be improved in a simple manner so that the transported medium can be entrained in a simple manner.

[0025] Another teaching of the invention provides that the conveying medium and / or the transport medium is a liquid or gaseous medium, preferably water, a bentonite suspension or air. A particularly preferred combination is that the conveying medium is air and the transport medium is air or a liquid, preferably water. This combination is used when the drill bit is not flooded with water / should not be flooded with water / cannot be flooded with water and therefore a liquid-based transport is not considered. It has been found to be surprising that the loosened soil / loosened rock can be transported / activated well by the discharged jet and that the loosened soil / loosened rock can be advantageously fed to the transport flow consisting of air and moved.

[0026] A further teaching of the invention provides that the at least one element is at least one driven rotating element having at least one impact element arranged thereon, wherein the at least one impact element causes an acceleration of the loosened soil by means of a rotational movement via contact.

[0027] It is advantageous here if the striking element is movable on an striking circle which is arranged concentrically around the rotary element.

[0028] A further teaching of the invention provides that the at least one striking element is movably arranged on the at least one rotation element, preferably via a joint.

[0029] A further teaching of the invention provides that the at least one striking element is a hammer, a blade, a rope, a chain, a brush element or a knife.

[0030] A further teaching of the invention provides that the rotation of the at least one rotation element is speed-regulatable.

[0031] A further teaching of the invention provides that the at least one impact element causes the loosened soil to break up.

[0032] A further teaching of the invention provides that the suction box is arranged horizontally, obliquely and / or vertically.

[0033] Furthermore, the object according to the invention is achieved by a method for producing a substantially vertical borehole in soil, in particular for producing a shaft, with a drill bit, in particular with a drill bit as described above, wherein the drill bit is connected to a rotary drive of a drilling device, wherein the drill bit has a body on which a drilling tool is arranged, and by means of the drilling tool during drilling the soil on the working surface of the borehole is loosened and broken into a size that can be transported, wherein the loosened and broken soil is transported away from the working surface by means of a transport device, the transport device being connected via a transport line to a suction unit for sucking in a transport medium, wherein the transport device has a suction box, which has an opening area with at least one opening on the working surface in the area of ​​the drilling tool, and the method has the following steps:

[0034] introducing acceleration into the loosened soil in the region of the opening area, and

[0035] The loosened soil is entrained by the conveying medium and transported by the suction unit via the conveying line.

[0036] A further teaching of the invention provides that the loosened soil is moved through the opening into the suction box by the introduced acceleration.

[0037] A further teaching of the invention provides that the entrainment takes place in the suction box and / or in the region of the opening, preferably before the opening.

[0038] A further teaching of the invention provides that the acceleration is achieved by a jet of the transport medium emerging from a nozzle which is directed into the opening region of a suction box as part of the transfer device.

[0039] A further teaching of the invention provides that the loosened soil is moved by means of the transport medium.

[0040] Alternatively or additionally, it is further provided that the acceleration is achieved by at least one driven rotary element having at least one impact element arranged thereon, wherein the at least one impact element causes an acceleration of the loosened soil by means of a rotational movement via contact.

[0041] A further teaching of the invention provides that the loosened soil is moved by means of the impact element.

[0042] Advantageously, as described above, the conveying medium and / or the transport medium is a liquid or gaseous medium, preferably water, a bentonite suspension or air.

[0043] The terms soil and rock are used synonymously in this application. The same applies to loosened soil and drill cuttings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to various embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:

[0045] In the figure:

[0046] Figure 1 A perspective view of the underside of a drill bit according to the invention showing a first embodiment,

[0047] Figure 2 The first embodiment of the present invention is shown Figure 1 A schematic partial diagram of

[0048] Figure 3 A top view showing Figure 2 A schematic partial cross-sectional view of

[0049] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing an alternative drill head shape according to the invention,

[0050] Figure 5 Shows the Figure 1 A schematic three-dimensional partial view of

[0051] Figure 6 Shows the Figure 1 Another schematic perspective partially cutaway partial view of a

[0052] Figure 7 Shows the Figure 1 Another schematic perspective partially cutaway partial view of a

[0053] Figure 8 Show and according to Figure 1 A first schematic diagram of the transport device according to the invention in combination with a drill bit,

[0054] Fig. 9 Show and according to Figure 1 A second schematic diagram of the transport device according to the present invention in combination with a drill bit,

[0055] Fig.10 A schematic side view showing a first arrangement of a suction box in a drill bit according to the invention,

[0056] Fig.11 A schematic side view showing a second arrangement of a suction box in a drill bit according to the invention,

[0057] Fig.12 Shows the Fig.11 A partial cross-sectional view of

[0058] Fig.13 A schematic side view showing a handling device in a drilling device having a drill bit according to the invention,

[0059] Fig.14 A cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0060] Fig.15 The target is shown rotated 90°. Fig.14 A cross-sectional view of

[0061] Fig.16 Shows the Fig.14 Alternative drill bit profiles. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] Figure 1 The drill bit according to the invention is shown in a perspective view in a first embodiment. The drill bit 10 has a body 11 on which a drilling tool 12 is arranged on its underside 13. The drill bit 10 has an interface (not shown) for a (not shown) drive of a (not shown) drilling device on its upper side 14. The drive (not shown) is arranged here, for example, directly in the drilling device, for example a shaft drilling machine. Other variants of the drive, the drilling device and other arrangements, for example in the borehole / pile / jacket layer, are also possible.

[0063] The underside 13 has an annular section 15 , which is flat here for example (other shapes are also possible), on the underside 16 of which the drilling tool 12 is arranged.

[0064] Extending outward from the annular section are arms 17, here for example eight arms, which each have a side surface 18, here for example flat. On the side surfaces, a broaching tool 19 and a wear element 40 can be arranged. Alternatively, the side surfaces 18 can also be designed to be fully surrounding.

[0065] In this case, a recess 41 is provided in the center of the bottom side 13 , for example, which has, for example, a planar surface 42 and side surfaces 43 , on which the drilling tool 12 is likewise arranged.

[0066] The drill bit shape described here is also called a W-shaped drill bit. The drilling profile of the drill bit is Figure 8 and Fig. 9 Here, the width of the flat annular section 15 and the angles of the inner and outer sides 43, 18 and the size of the inner surface 42 are variable and depend on the excavation conditions, as also shown in Fig.16 As shown in .

[0067] The drilling tool 12 may be, for example, a disc tool 12a, a stripping tool Alternatively, the stripping knife 12b or the roller cutter 12c or other alternatives are used. The selection of the drilling tool 12 is made according to the soil / rock to be loosened for making the borehole.

[0068] On its upper side 14, Figure 1 The connection 45 of the supply line 31 is shown in FIG.

[0069] Furthermore, the body 11 has a suction box 20 on the underside 13 of the W-shaped drill head 10 on the annular section 15 .

[0070] exist Figure 4 An alternative arrangement of the suction box 20 is shown in FIG. According to the invention, the suction box 20 is located at the deepest part of the borehole ( Figure 4 ), or the suction box extends into the flat drill head and is arranged radially ( Figure 4 ). Figure 4 The middle of FIG. shows a W-shaped drill bit. Figure 4 In addition to the horizontal suction box shown in FIG. 1 , embodiments are also possible in which the suction box 20 is inclined or vertical and in which the opening 23 of the suction box points downwardly toward the work surface 100 , for example.

[0071] In the first embodiment, the suction box 20 (such as the suction box, for example, Figure 2 2 (as shown in FIG. 2 ) has an opening area 22 on its front side 21, which has at least one opening 23. The opening 23 of the first embodiment of the suction box 20 has a sorting element 24, which divides the opening 23 into a plurality of opening segments 23a. The sorting element 24 determines the particle size of the loosened soil / rock that can enter the interior 25 of the suction box 20.

[0072] The interior space 25 is formed by a cover 26 as an upper side and a bottom 27 as a lower side, which, as an embodiment, are flat here. Other shapes of the cover and the bottom are also possible. In addition, the suction box 20 has side walls 28, which extend here from the front side 21 along the shape of the cover and the bottom.

[0073] The shape of the interior 25 of the suction box 20 is determined by the shape of the cover 26, the bottom 27 and the side walls 28. A box-like design can be provided here. Alternatively, if the width of the interior 25 is reduced, for example due to the curved shape of the side walls 28, a funnel can be provided, whereby the flow rate of the suctioned mixture of loosened soil / rock and carrier medium increases as the width decreases.

[0074] An opening 29 is provided on the back side of the interior space 25, at which a connection 30 for a conveying line 31 is provided, which is connected to a suction unit / pump (not shown) during drilling operation in order to transport the loosened soil / rock or a mixture of conveying medium and loosened soil / rock.

[0075] Additionally and not shown here, the height of the interior 25 of the suction box 20 can also vary, in particular increase, from the front side 21 toward the opening 29 on the rear side of the suction box 20 in order to prevent the interior 25 from becoming clogged by loosened soil / rock.

[0076] Furthermore, it is also possible to design the suction box 20, which is shown symmetrically here, asymmetrically, for example by arranging the openings 29 laterally offset (not shown). It can be particularly useful here, for example, in a flat drill head, in the case of a longer extension of the opening area 22, to arrange the openings 29 offset toward the outer periphery of the body 11 in order to increase the flow speed in a targeted manner in the area where more soil / rock is loosened during the rotation of the drill head and enters the interior 25 of the suction box 20 through the openings 23.

[0077] The same is also possible in which the connection 30 (not shown) of the supply line 31 opens obliquely into the interior 25 when lowered.

[0078] The opening area 22 can have soil loosening tools and / or soil receiving tools 33, stripping knives or scrapers in the area of ​​the opening 23 extending along the front side 21. By providing such tools, soil / rock can be loosened and / or received in a targeted manner in the area of ​​the front side 21 of the suction box 20 and conveyed to the opening 23 of the suction box 20.

[0079] Additionally or alternatively, guide plates (not shown) can also be provided on the underside 13 of the drill head 10 , which guide plates convey the loosened material toward the opening region 22 . The conveying can be assisted by nozzles, such as flushing nozzles 32 .

[0080] Figure 2 and Figure 3 A detail of a drill head 10 according to the invention is shown, which has a suction box 20 with an opening 23 and a nozzle 34 pointing toward the suction box for discharging a transport medium 80, preferably air or a liquid (e.g. water or bentonite flushing liquid). The transport medium 90 is sucked in via a conveying line 31, which is connected to the suction box 20 via an opening 29 and a connection 30. The loosened soil 110 is accelerated by the transport medium jet 81 and transported through the opening 23. There, the loosened soil 110 is entrained by the transport medium 90. The loosened soil 110, the transport medium 90 and the transport medium 80 are mixed here to form a transport flow 120, which is then moved via the transport line. Additionally or alternatively, the transport medium jet 81 causes loosened soil 110 to be lifted or loosened from the working surface 100 in the opening region 22 by introducing acceleration, so that the lifted loosened soil is already entrained there by the conveying medium 90 and is moved together with the conveying medium as a conveying flow 120 .

[0081] Figure 5 Show according to Figure 1 The arm 17 of the W-shaped drill head 10 has the drilling tool 12 arranged thereon as a disk 12 a and has cutting tools on the lateral side 18 and on the side 43 on the underside 13 .

[0082] The drilling tool 12 arranged on the arm 17 can be replaced from the interior space of the arm 17 .

[0083] Figure 6 Show according to Figure 1 The arm 17 of the W-shaped drill head 10 has a suction box 20 and a conveying pipeline 31 connected to the suction box, and the suction box and the conveying pipeline are arranged inside the arm 17. Figure 6 The drilling tools 12, 12a are not shown. Flushing nozzles 32 are arranged in the region of the broaching tool 19, which are oriented in the direction of the opening 23 of the suction box 20. These flushing nozzles discharge flushing jets 130. Here, the same medium as the transport medium can preferably be used as flushing medium. The flushing jets 130 are used to transport the loosened drill cuttings 11 into the opening region 22 or to the deepest point 140 of the borehole. In this region, the loosened soil 110 is then conveyed from the nozzles 34 to the opening 23 of the flushing box 20, as in Figure 7 As shown in .

[0084] exist Figure 8 and Fig. 9 For example, according to Figure 1 The drill head 10 of FIG. 1 shows the process of loosening the soil and the removal of the loosened soil. Here, the soil is loosened with a drilling tool 12 and is located in the area of ​​the corresponding drilling tool. Preferably, flushing nozzles 32 are provided in the area of ​​the corresponding drilling tool 12. These flushing nozzles discharge flushing jets 130, which flush the loosened soil 110 into the area of ​​the deepest part 140 of the drill hole. The suction box 20 with the opening 23 moves in the said area. Then, the transport medium jet 81 is discharged in the opening area 23 via the nozzle 34 for discharging the transport medium jet 81, by means of which the loosened soil is accelerated into the opening 22 and thus moved into the flushing box 20 for removal, and / or is directly sucked away in the opening area 22 by the suction box 20.

[0085] The movement / acceleration of the drill cuttings into the suction box 20 can additionally be assisted by mechanical tools.

[0086] Fig.10 The loosened soil is shown being introduced into a suction box, whose opening 29 or connection 30 to the conveying line 31 is arranged behind the opening region 22. Mechanical aids are shown during the reception by means of a receiving tool 33. The suction box 20 can be pivoted about a pivot point 36 via a cylinder 35. The nozzle 34 is not shown here.

[0087] exist Fig.11 and 12 , the introduction of the loosened soil into the suction box 20, whose opening 29 or connection 30 to the conveying line 31 is arranged before the opening region 22. The mechanical aids during the reception by means of the receiving tool 33 are shown. The suction box 20 can be pivoted about the pivot point 36 by means of the cylinder 35. Thus, the suction box can be pivoted in the direction of the arrow A, thereby changing the distance 36 to the working surface 100. Fig.12 3 shows the arrangement of the nozzles 34. A first nozzle 34 is provided here, which points in the direction of the deflection tool or receiving tool 33. A second nozzle 34' is also provided, which points in the direction of the opening 29 and the interface 30. The loosened soil 110 is conveyed to the conveying medium 120 and moved together with the conveying medium via the two nozzles 34, 34'.

[0088] The conveying flow transported via the conveying line 31 consists of a combination of solid components (loosened soil 110) and liquid components and / or gas components. These components are conveyed to the processing device 200 (see Fig.13). In this case, the components are separated from one another, for example by means of at least one cyclone separator, a liquid separator and / or a dust collector. The gaseous component (air) is fed back to the drilling area (for example, an already drilled shaft). If necessary, the liquid component is fed back to the nozzles 32, 34, 34' or is removed from the drilling area to the ground. The solid components are also removed from the drilling area to the ground by suitable means.

[0089] Alternatively or in addition to the introduction of acceleration into the loosened soil by means of nozzles and transport media, the invention is based on Figures 14 to 16 The second embodiment shows a mechanical acceleration introduction device. For this purpose, an impact device 50 is provided, which is arranged inwardly in the drill head 10 in the area of ​​the suction box 20 , but which can accelerate the loosened soil 110 in the area of ​​the working surface 100 .

[0090] A rotating element 51 is arranged in the housing 57, on which a plurality of impact elements 52 are arranged around, which are preferably movable here via joints 53. The impact elements 52 move on an impact circle 54 arranged concentrically around the rotating element 51. The rotating element 51 is driven via a drive device (not shown). The impact elements 52 strike the loosened soil in the impact area 55, which is then introduced into the suction box 20 or the opening 23 of the suction box along the impact direction 56. In the interior space 25 there and / or in the opening area 22, the accelerated loosened soil is then entrained by the conveying medium 90 and moved through the conveying line 31 together with the conveying flow 120.

[0091] Fig.15 and Fig.16 Different arrangement widths of the impact device 50 in relation to the side faces 18 , 43 of the drill head 10 are shown.

[0092] It is advantageous here to implement the impact device 50 as wide as possible ( Fig.16 lower part) in order to achieve better transfer efficiency.

[0093] It is also advantageous here that Fig.15 Neutral Fig.16 Compared with the lower view in FIG. 1 , the side 18, 43 is as shown in FIG. Fig.16 As shown above in FIG. 1 , it can be designed to be relatively steep and relatively short, so that in some cases even side flushing, here in the form of an air flow or side flushing in the form of a broaching element (not shown), can be omitted.

[0094] Reference numerals list

[0095] 10 Drill Bit

[0096] 11 Subject

[0097] 12 Drilling tools

[0098] 12a Disc cutter

[0099] 12b Stripping tool

[0100] 12c Roller Cutter

[0101] 13 Lower side

[0102] 14 upper side

[0103] 15 Ring Segment

[0104] 16 Lower side

[0105] 17 Arm

[0106] 18 Side

[0107] 19 Broaching tools

[0108] 20 Suction box

[0109] 21 Front

[0110] 22 Opening area

[0111] 23 Opening

[0112] 23a Opening section

[0113] 24 Classification components

[0114] 25 Interior Space

[0115] 26 Cover

[0116] 27 bottom

[0117] 28 Sidewall

[0118] 29 Opening

[0119] 30 Interface

[0120] 31. Transport pipeline

[0121] 32 Flushing nozzle

[0122] 33 Soil loosening tools / soil receiving tools

[0123] 34, 34' nozzle

[0124] 35 Cylinder

[0125] 36 Pivot Points

[0126] 37 Distance

[0127] 40 Wear elements

[0128] 41 recess

[0129] 42 faces

[0130] 43 Side

[0131] 45 Interface

[0132] 50 Impact device

[0133] 51 Rotating element

[0134] 52 Impact element

[0135] 53 Joints

[0136] 54 Impact Circle

[0137] 55 Impact Zone

[0138] 56 Impact direction

[0139] 57 Housing

[0140] 58 Rotation direction

[0141] 80 Transport medium

[0142] 81 Transport medium beam

[0143] 90 Conveying medium

[0144] 100 working surface

[0145] 110 Loose soil

[0146] 120 Conveying Flow

[0147] 130 Flushing beam

[0148] 140 The Deepest Drill

[0149] 200 Processing device

Claims

1. A drill bit for making a vertical borehole in soil, the drill bit comprising: a main body (11) which can be connected to a rotary drive device of a drilling device; a drilling tool (12) arranged on the main body (11), the drilling tool being used to loosen soil on a working surface (100) of the borehole; a transport device, the transport device being used to transport the loosened soil on the working surface (100), the transport device being connectable to a suction unit for sucking a conveying medium via a conveying pipeline (31), the transport device having an opening area (22) arranged on the main body (11) in the area of ​​the drilling tool (12) on the working surface (100), the opening area having at least one opening (23), the opening area (23) 2) is connected to a suction box (20) as a component of a transport device, and the suction box has a connecting opening (29) for connecting to a conveying pipeline (31) at the end opposite to the opening (23); and at least one element is provided, which applies acceleration to the loosened soil in the area of ​​the suction box (20), and the soil (110) loosened by the drilling tool (12) can move into the opening area (22) and / or move into the suction box through the opening (23), and in the opening area (22) and / or in the suction box, the loosened soil (110) is entrained by the conveying medium (90) and can be transported by the suction unit via the conveying pipeline (31), characterized in that The distance between the opening area (22) and the working surface (100) is adjustable, and the adjustment of the distance is achieved via a vertical movement of the suction box (20) and / or via a pivoting of the suction box (20) about a rotation point, and a drive device is provided for the movement or for the pivoting.

2. The drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that The drill bit is a drill bit used for manufacturing a well.

3. The drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that The at least one element is at least one nozzle (34) which is arranged to point into the opening region (22) and which discharges at least one jet (81) of the transport medium (80) in order to achieve an acceleration.

4. The drill bit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that At least one tool is arranged in the opening area (22), the tool being used to loosen the soil and / or the tool being used to receive the loosened soil.

5. The drill bit according to claim 4, characterized in that The tool is a tool in the form of a rack.

6. The drill bit according to claim 4, characterized in that The at least one tool is movable to change the distance of the tool from the work surface (100), and / or the at least one tool is pivotable relative to the opening area (22).

7. The drill bit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that At least one deflection region is arranged behind the opening (23), in which the flow direction of the loosened soil (110) can be deflected.

8. The drill bit according to claim 7, characterized in that The deflection area is arranged before the inlet into the suction box (20).

9. The drill bit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The opening region (22) has an elongated extension.

10. The drill bit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that At least one flushing nozzle (32) is provided, by means of which soil loosened by at least one drilling tool (12) can be transported to an area on the working surface (100) through which the suction box (20) moves when drilling with the drill bit (10).

11. The drill bit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The suction box (20) has at least one nozzle (34) in the interior space (25).

12. The drill bit according to claim 3, characterized in that The conveying medium (90) and / or the transport medium (80) is a liquid or gaseous medium.

13. The drill bit according to claim 12, characterized in that The conveying medium (90) and / or the transport medium (80) is water, a bentonite suspension or air.

14. The drill bit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The at least one element is at least one driven rotating element (51) having at least one impact element (52) arranged on the rotating element, the at least one impact element (52) causing acceleration of the loosened soil (110) by means of a rotational movement via contact.

15. The drill bit according to claim 14, characterized in that The impact element (52) is movable on an impact circle (54) which is arranged concentrically around the rotary element (51).

16. The drill bit according to claim 14, characterized in that The at least one impact element (52) is movably arranged on the at least one rotation element (51).

17. The drill bit according to claim 14, characterized in that The at least one impact element (52) is a hammer, a blade, a rope, a chain, a brush element or a knife.

18. The drill bit according to claim 14, characterized in that The rotation of the at least one rotating element (51) is speed-adjustable.

19. The drill bit according to claim 14, characterized in that The at least one impact element (52) causes the loosened soil (110) to break up.

20. The drill bit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The suction box (20) is arranged horizontally, obliquely or vertically.

21. A device for excavating a shaft using a drill bit (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 20.

22. A method for producing a vertical borehole in soil with a drill bit according to any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein: The drill bit (10) is connected to a rotary drive device of a drilling device, the drill bit (10) having a main body (11) on which a drilling tool (12) is arranged, the drilling tool is used to loosen the soil on the working surface (100) of the drilling and to break the soil into a size that can be transported during drilling, the loosened and broken soil (110) is transported away from the working surface (100) by a transport device, the transport device is connected to a suction unit for sucking a conveying medium (90) via a transport pipeline (31), the transport device having a suction box (20), the suction box having an opening area (22) with at least one opening (23) on the working surface (100) in the area of ​​the drilling tool (12), the method comprising the following steps: • introducing acceleration into the loosened soil (110) in the region of the opening region (22), and • The loosened soil (110) is entrained by the conveying medium (90) and transported by the suction unit via the conveying line (31).

23. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that The method is used for producing a shaft.

24. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that The introduced acceleration causes the loosened soil (110) to move through the opening (23) into the suction box (20).

25. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that The entrainment takes place in the suction box (20) and / or in the opening area (22).

26. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that The acceleration is achieved by a jet (81) of the transport medium emerging from a nozzle (34) which is directed into an opening region (22) of a suction box (20) as part of the transfer device.

27. The method according to claim 26, characterized in that The loosened soil (110) is moved by the transport medium (80).

28. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that The acceleration is achieved by at least one driven rotary element (51) having at least one impact element (52) arranged thereon, which causes an acceleration of the loosened soil by means of a rotational movement via contact.

29. The method according to claim 28, characterized in that The impact element (52) causes the loosened soil (110) to move.

30. The method according to claim 26, characterized in that The conveying medium and / or the transport medium is a liquid or gaseous medium.

31. The method according to claim 30, characterized in that The conveying medium and / or the transport medium is water, a bentonite suspension or air.

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