Landscape design tools based on parametric design

Abstract

The present invention discloses a landscape design tool based on parametric design, wherein the landscape design tool selects a plurality of batteries from Grasshopper software running on a Rhino software platform according to the needs of landscape design, builds a battery pack and packages it into a single new battery, and then classifies and integrates the packaged new batteries to form a toolbar including a plurality of columns; the battery is a basic unit of Grasshopper. The use of the present invention for garden design can lower the application threshold of parametric technology in landscape design, improve the scientific nature of design results, and greatly improve the work efficiency of enterprises. The present invention has the advantages of reducing the design difficulty of designers, making the design more targeted and the work efficiency higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of garden design, in particular to a landscape design tool based on parameterized design. Background Art

[0002] Parametric design is a design process that automates the design process by writing the project itself as a function and process, and obtaining the project results by modifying the initial conditions and calculating them by computer. Grasshopper (abbreviated as GH) is a visual programming language that runs on the Rhino platform. Compared with traditional design methods, GH has two biggest features: one is that by inputting instructions, the computer can automatically generate results according to the proposed algorithm; the other is that by writing algorithm programs, those mechanical repetitive operations and a large number of logical evolution processes can be replaced by computer loop operations, and the scheme adjustment can also directly obtain the modification results by modifying the parameters. These methods can effectively improve the work efficiency of designers.

[0003] The basic unit of Grasshopper is the "battery", which is connected to form a "battery pack" (i.e. programming language) to complete a series of design calculations.

[0004] Existing designers have the following problems when doing landscape design work:

[0005] 1. Designers need to learn a lot of "batteries" and fully master the operation logic between "batteries" to complete the construction of the "battery pack" required for the design. This greatly increases the difficulty for designers to use Grasshopper parametric design software for design;

[0006] 2. The input and output files of existing landscape design work are all two-dimensional files. The CAD base map provided by the Surveying and Mapping Institute is used as the working basis to produce planes, elevations and sections to complete the planning and design work. The extraction and interpretation of the spatial characteristics of the site and the proposal of targeted design solutions rely on the experience of the designer himself;

[0007] 3. Simple and highly repetitive models such as “railings” and “gratings” that are used in large quantities in the design require designers to spend a lot of working time, and their work efficiency is low. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a landscape design tool based on parametric design. The present invention has the advantages of reducing the design difficulty of designers, making the design more targeted and scientific, and improving the work efficiency.

[0009] The technical solution of the present invention is a landscape design tool based on parametric design, wherein a plurality of batteries are selected from Grasshopper software running on a Rhino software platform according to the needs of landscape design, and are assembled into battery packs and packaged into single new batteries, and then the packaged new batteries are classified and integrated to form a toolbar including a plurality of columns; the battery is a basic unit of Grasshopper.

[0010] In the aforementioned landscape design tool based on parametric design, the landscape design tool includes a terrain generation column, a terrain analysis column, a site analysis column, a model tool bar item and an auxiliary tool bar item.

[0011] In the aforementioned parametric design-based landscape design tool, the terrain generation column includes a main battery and an auxiliary battery;

[0012] The main batteries include surveying and mapping CAD generated terrain battery, surveying and mapping contour value generated terrain battery and contour line generated terrain battery;

[0013] The auxiliary batteries include terrain grid conversion curved surface batteries, building floor-standing shape batteries and extraction contour line batteries;

[0014] The surveying and mapping CAD terrain generation battery is used to generate a three-dimensional terrain model from a CAD surveying map; the surveying and mapping contour value terrain generation battery is used to generate a three-dimensional terrain model when the surveying map has no contour lines or the contour lines have no Z-axis height; the contour line terrain generation battery is used to generate a three-dimensional terrain model from contour lines;

[0015] The terrain mesh to surface cell is used to convert the generated three-dimensional terrain model mesh surface into a surface surface; the building floor shape cell is used to fit the building model to the terrain model; the contour extraction cell is used to generate contour lines based on the three-dimensional terrain model.

[0016] In the aforementioned landscape design tool based on parametric design, the terrain analysis column includes an aspect analysis battery for obtaining terrain aspect information, a slope analysis battery for obtaining terrain slope information, a height analysis battery for generating terrain elevation analysis maps, a water catchment analysis battery for generating surface water catchment simulation analysis based on three-dimensional terrain surfaces, and a legend generation battery for generating legends from analysis maps.

[0017] In the aforementioned landscape design tool based on parametric design, the site analysis column includes a building height analysis cell, a mountain view analysis cell and a light and sunshine analysis cell;

[0018] The building height analysis battery performs building height analysis based on building survey maps or open source data, and can provide volume analysis and related information of building height;

[0019] The mountain vision analysis battery selects any observation point based on the three-dimensional terrain grid to perform line of sight analysis on mountains and hills;

[0020] The light sunshine analysis cell calculates the light sunshine duration based on local meteorological files and three-dimensional terrain grids of buildings and ground surfaces, generates sun tracks, and can provide three-dimensional meteorological charts.

[0021] In the aforementioned landscape design tool based on parametric design, the model tool bar items include a skin modeling battery and a railing modeling battery.

[0022] In the aforementioned landscape design tool based on parametric design, the auxiliary tool bar items include a statistical tool battery, a drawing tool battery and a marking tool battery.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention designs a landscape design tool based on parametric design. When the present design tool (landscape design tool based on parametric design) is used for landscape design, the designer no longer needs to spend a lot of energy to learn a large number of "batteries" and master the operation logic between the "batteries". The designer only needs to learn the "batteries" that have been pre-packaged in the present design tool to well complete the model building and analysis work required for the design, which greatly reduces the design difficulty of the designer.

[0024] This design tool allows designers to easily obtain various analysis results of the site, such as "slope" and "sunlight", based on the CAD surveying base map. Designers can then make more targeted designs based on these analysis results, which is more scientific than the original design.

[0025] This design tool can not only quickly generate "terrain models" and "building models", but also quickly and conveniently perform simple but highly repetitive model modeling, such as "railings" and "gratings", etc. Its work efficiency is much higher than the original design work;

[0026] In summary, the use of the present invention for garden design can lower the application threshold of parametric technology in landscape architecture, improve the scientific nature of design results, and greatly improve the work efficiency of enterprises.

[0027] Therefore, the present invention has the advantages of reducing the design difficulty for designers, making the design more targeted and improving the work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a technical flow chart of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2It is a structural diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 is an example diagram of the main battery in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 is an example diagram of slope aspect analysis in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 is an example diagram of slope analysis in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 It is an example diagram of the site analysis column in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but they are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0035] Example. Landscape design tools based on parametric design, such as Figure 1-2 As shown, the landscape design tool is a tool bar including multiple columns formed by selecting multiple batteries from Grasshopper software running on the Rhino software platform according to the needs of landscape design, building them into battery packs and packaging them into single new batteries, and then classifying and integrating the packaged new batteries; the battery is the basic unit of Grasshopper.

[0036] The landscape design tool comprises a terrain generation column, a terrain analysis column, a site analysis column, a model tool bar item and an auxiliary tool bar item.

[0037] The terrain generation column includes main batteries and auxiliary batteries; the main batteries include surveying and mapping CAD generation terrain batteries, surveying and mapping contour value generation terrain batteries and contour line generation terrain batteries, see examples Figure 3 The auxiliary batteries include terrain grid conversion curved surface batteries, building floor-shaped batteries and extraction contour batteries;

[0038] The surveying and mapping CAD terrain generation battery is used to generate a three-dimensional terrain model from a CAD surveying map; the surveying and mapping contour value terrain generation battery is used to generate a three-dimensional terrain model when the surveying map has no contour lines or the contour lines have no height in the Z-axis direction; the contour line terrain generation battery is used to generate a three-dimensional terrain model from contour lines (design contour lines, GIS technology extraction contour line battery);

[0039] The terrain mesh to surface cell is used to convert the generated three-dimensional terrain model mesh surface into a surface surface, which is convenient for subsequent analysis and design model loading; the building floor shape cell is used to fit the building model to the terrain model, which is particularly suitable for areas with complex terrain, such as Chongqing; the contour extraction cell is used to generate contour lines based on the three-dimensional terrain model.

[0040] The terrain analysis column includes an aspect analysis battery for obtaining terrain aspect information, a slope analysis battery for obtaining terrain slope information, a height analysis battery for generating terrain elevation analysis maps, a water catchment analysis battery for generating surface water catchment simulation analysis based on three-dimensional terrain surfaces, and a legend generation battery for generating legends for analysis maps.

[0041] The aspect analysis battery includes aspect analysis (conventional), aspect analysis (yin-yang) and aspect screening (yin-yang), see for example Figure 4 ;

[0042] The slope analysis battery includes slope analysis (general), slope analysis (by angle) and slope screening (by angle), see the example Figure 5 ;

[0043] The elevation analysis battery includes an elevation analysis (terrain grid) that can generate an elevation analysis three-dimensional grid based on a three-dimensional terrain grid and an elevation analysis (contour line) that can generate a colored contour analysis map based on an elevation analysis of contour lines;

[0044] The water catchment analysis battery is combined with the hoopsnake plug-in to realize the generation of surface water catchment simulation analysis based on the three-dimensional terrain surface.

[0045] The aspect analysis (conventional) can perform aspect analysis based on a three-dimensional terrain grid; the aspect analysis (yin-yang) can perform shadow aspect analysis based on a three-dimensional terrain grid; the slope screening (by angle) can screen the required aspect range for the design based on a three-dimensional terrain grid and aspect sequence number;

[0046] The slope analysis (general) can perform slope analysis based on a three-dimensional terrain grid; the slope analysis (by angle) can classify slopes based on a three-dimensional terrain grid; and the slope screening (by angle) can screen the required slope range for the design based on a three-dimensional terrain grid and slope values.

[0047] The site analysis column includes building height analysis cells, mountain view analysis cells and light and sunshine analysis cells, see the examples Figure 6 ;

[0048] The building height analysis battery performs building height analysis based on building survey maps or open source data, and can provide volume analysis and related information of building height;

[0049] The mountain vision analysis battery selects any observation point based on the three-dimensional terrain grid to perform sightline analysis on mountains and hills, and is divided into a detailed parameter version and a data simplified version;

[0050] The light sunshine analysis cell calculates the light sunshine duration based on local meteorological files and three-dimensional terrain grids of buildings and ground surfaces, generates sun tracks, and can provide three-dimensional meteorological charts.

[0051] The model tool bar items include epidermis modeling batteries and railing modeling batteries; the epidermis modeling battery contains 4 battery packs, which can meet the epidermis modeling of image interference, foundation interference, circular hole interference, and polygonal hole interference; the railing modeling battery includes a variety of railings, which can be used to quickly generate railings for plank roads, bridges, etc.

[0052] The auxiliary tool bar items include a statistical tool battery, a drawing tool battery and an annotation tool battery; the statistical tool battery contains three battery groups, which can provide statistics of the filling area, shape area and length in the model; the drawing tool battery contains two battery groups, and the unit spreading can quickly expand a group of components to facilitate the production of construction drawings; the surface spreading can obtain the unfolded view of the surface and number the non-standard components; the annotation tool battery contains three battery groups, and the number of decimal places can specify the accuracy of the annotation value. Batch edge length annotation is suitable for rod annotation, and batch length and width annotation is suitable for plate annotation.

[0053] Taking the contour line generation terrain battery as an example, the integration process of the design tool of the present invention is as follows

[0054] a) Programming: The battery pack construction logic of the present invention for generating a three-dimensional terrain model based on contour lines (whether the design contour lines or the current contour lines) is:

[0055] Generate terrain from contour lines - divide the contour lines equally and obtain the equally divided points (the key point is that the contour lines have the characteristic of being long to short in length from the bottom elevation to the top elevation) - extract the equally divided points to generate the terrain surface (the key point is repeated testing to determine the stability of the operation) - the terrain surface matches the project scope (the key point is that the scope line is projected onto the terrain surface to ensure correct shearing in the Z-axis direction).

[0056] Step 1 Obtain a battery pack suitable for landscape architecture professional contour points

[0057] The present invention adds a Length battery for measuring the length of contour lines on the basis of the Divide Curve battery, which ensures the uniformity of the dividing points while adding the length factor of the contour lines into the calculation logic, so that the number of equal divisions of each contour line can be determined according to its own length.

[0058] Because the contour lines in landscape design are not closed curves of equal length, but have the characteristic of gradually shortening from the bottom elevation to the top elevation. When building the battery pack, the key is to calculate the contour lines of different heights (i.e. different lengths) equally at the same time.

[0059] During the development process, we found that:

[0060] Use the Divide Curve battery for equal division calculation (the Divide Curve battery divides the Curve curve equally by specifying the number of samples). Since the lengths of the contour lines from low to high are different, the sampling points are not ideal. The longer the contour line, the sparser the sampling points, and the shorter the contour line, the denser the sampling points.

[0061] The Divide Length battery is used for calculation (the Divide Curve battery divides the Curve equally by specifying the sampling length). Although the calculation result improves the problem of uneven distribution of sampling points, unequal division will occur at the end of the contour line.

[0062] Therefore, by comparing the calculation results of the two batteries, the present invention adds a Length battery for measuring the length of the contour line on the basis of the Divide Curve battery.

[0063] Step 2: Generate initial terrain mesh

[0064] After obtaining the sampling points, the core goal of the battery pack is to smoothly generate the terrain surface. The present invention relies on the DelaunayMesh battery to establish the terrain surface and adds the Cull Duplicates battery to correct the sampling points that are too close.

[0065] Because in the course of many experiments, it was found that:

[0066] If you use the Surface From Points battery to build a terrain surface, the sampling points generated in step 1 cannot be recognized as grid points by the battery, making the input value at the U end invalid and the terrain cannot be built;

[0067] If you rely on the 4Point Surface battery to build a terrain surface, the sampling points generated in step 1 may not meet the input requirements of its four ports ABCD, resulting in the inability to build the terrain.

[0068] If you rely on the Delaunay Mesh battery to create a terrain surface, the battery pack can not only calculate correctly but also generate the terrain extremely quickly. The battery pack can calculate tens of thousands of sampling point data in a few seconds, and the generated mesh terrain is also highly compatible when imported into common landscape design software such as SketchUp and Lumion.

[0069] The purpose of adding the Cull Duplicates battery in the present invention is to reduce the probability of the occurrence of invalid terrain.

[0070] Step 3: Complete boundary cutting

[0071] After obtaining the initial terrain grid, the present invention further imports the red line (boundary line) of the project into the battery pack (the red line at this time is a planar closed curve with a z value of zero), and determines the operation logic as follows: extrude the red line into an entity, use the entity to cut the initial terrain, and obtain the terrain grid within the red line.

[0072] Completing boundary cutting is a necessary operation for three-dimensional terrain. In two-dimensional space, the design red line is just a closed line segment, and the contour line beyond the red line range does not affect the correctness of the contour line. In three-dimensional space, the design red line needs to be regarded as a "wall". The "wall" has an intersection with the terrain surface in the Z-axis direction, and the intersection value is the red line height value. Correctly obtaining the height value of the red line on the terrain surface will determine the correctness of the terrain operation.

[0073] After various experiments, we found that:

[0074] If the terrain grid is used as a reference object, a fixed value is used to access the Z vector battery, and a group of batteries mainly composed of Bounding Box are used to calculate the height range of the terrain; it is found that the scale of landscape projects varies greatly (from the park level in square meters to the comprehensive park in hectares or even square kilometers). At the same time, the range of variation in the Z axis direction of the terrain grid in different regions is also very large. The input of fixed values ​​is actually completely unable to meet the requirements of various scale projects;

[0075] If the red line is used as a reference object, the Shape In Brep battery is used to determine whether the terrain is within the red line. It is found that the offset direction of the red line is not fixed. It is necessary to offset the red line in both the inner and outer directions at the same time, and then sort and calculate the length of the red line to obtain the red line offset outward. On this basis, the terrain grid within the red line can be obtained from the A end of Dispatch.

[0076] b) Packaging: The steps of packaging the battery pack of the "contour generating terrain battery" of the present invention are as follows:

[0077] Package battery pack - confirm necessary input data (the key point is that the naming must conform to the common terms of landscape architecture) - confirm necessary output data (the key point is to determine the output data according to actual needs) - optimize (the key point is to add necessary confirmation buttons)

[0078] The packaged battery pack of the present invention can lower the application threshold of the battery pack and assist designers who do not understand the calculation logic of the battery pack to successfully complete data calculation.

[0079] When packaging the main battery pack, the present invention uses the contour lines, sampling point spacing and boundary lines as necessary input data, and assigns a name to the Curve input terminal.

[0080] The present invention retains two output data, the sampling points obtained in step one and the original terrain obtained in step two, and names the "Points", "Mesh" and "List A" in the original cell as "sampling points", "terrain grid" and "terrain within the boundary", so as to facilitate checking the calculation process and correcting the calculation results in practical applications.

[0081] The present invention adds a set of Boolean operations as the operation switch of the entire battery pack. In the early data input and adjustment stage, sampling point calculation can be performed first, and surface and shear calculations can be performed after the sampling points are confirmed to be correct, thereby avoiding invalid operations and reducing jams; improving the operational stability and fluency of the battery pack.

[0082] c) Integration: The integration of the present invention fully complies with the working sequence of landscape architecture and is in line with the searching and using habits of designers.

[0083] For example, obtaining a surface model is the basis for landscape design work. The present invention integrates the battery pack into the first module - terrain generation column.

Claims

1. Landscape design tool based on parametric design, characterized by: The landscape design tool is a tool bar including multiple columns formed by selecting multiple batteries from Grasshopper software running on the Rhino software platform according to the needs of landscape design, building a battery pack and then packaging it into a single new battery, and then classifying and integrating the packaged new batteries; the battery is the basic unit of Grasshopper; The landscape design tool includes a terrain generation column, a terrain analysis column, a site analysis column, a model tool bar column and an auxiliary tool bar column; the terrain generation column includes a main battery and an auxiliary battery; The main batteries include surveying and mapping CAD generated terrain battery, surveying and mapping contour value generated terrain battery and contour line generated terrain battery; The auxiliary batteries include terrain grid conversion curved surface batteries, building floor-standing shape batteries and extraction contour line batteries; The surveying and mapping CAD terrain generation battery is used to generate a three-dimensional terrain model from a CAD surveying map; the surveying and mapping contour value terrain generation battery is used to generate a three-dimensional terrain model when the surveying map has no contour lines or the contour lines have no Z-axis height; the contour line terrain generation battery is used to generate a three-dimensional terrain model from contour lines; The terrain mesh to surface cell is used to convert the generated three-dimensional terrain model mesh surface into a surface surface; the building floor shape cell is used to fit the building model to the terrain model; the contour extraction cell is used to generate contour lines based on the three-dimensional terrain model.

2. The landscape design tool based on parametric design according to claim 1, characterized in that: The terrain analysis column includes an aspect analysis battery for obtaining terrain aspect information, a slope analysis battery for obtaining terrain slope information, a height analysis battery for generating terrain elevation analysis maps, a water catchment analysis battery for generating surface water catchment simulation analysis based on three-dimensional terrain surfaces, and a legend generation battery for generating legends for analysis maps.

3. The landscape design tool based on parametric design according to claim 1, characterized in that: The site analysis column includes building height analysis cells, mountain view analysis cells and light and sunshine analysis cells; The building height analysis battery performs building height analysis based on building survey maps or open source data, and can provide volume analysis and related information of building height; The mountain vision analysis battery selects any observation point based on the three-dimensional terrain grid to perform line of sight analysis on mountains and hills; The light sunshine analysis cell calculates the light sunshine duration based on local meteorological files and three-dimensional terrain grids of buildings and ground surfaces, generates sun tracks, and can provide three-dimensional meteorological charts.

4. The landscape design tool based on parametric design according to claim 1, characterized in that: The model tool bar items include epidermis modeling battery and railing modeling battery.

5. The landscape design tool based on parametric design according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary tool bar items include a statistical tool battery, a drawing tool battery and a marking tool battery.

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