A low-carbon blast furnace smelting cost control method and system

Abstract

The present invention provides a low-carbon blast furnace smelting cost control method and system, which obtains the fuel category and the unit cost price of each fuel when performing low-carbon blast furnace smelting; and establishes a smelting cost target function according to the fuel category and the unit cost price of each fuel; then obtains the constraint conditions when performing low-carbon blast furnace smelting and the fuel ratio range when all the constraint conditions are met; then calculates the minimum cost value of the smelting cost target function when smelting a preset amount of steel in the fuel ratio range, and outputs the fuel ratio when the minimum cost value is obtained. The present invention performs blast furnace smelting according to the fuel ratio corresponding to the minimum cost value, which can link the influence of fuel cost on low-carbon blast furnace smelting, and can also ensure that the blast furnace operates stably and efficiently on the basis of high efficiency and low carbon, and obtains a smelting plan with the minimum cost; and after the fuel category and / or fuel unit price change, the smelting plan with the minimum cost can also be calculated according to the changed conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of blast furnace smelting, and in particular to a method and system for controlling the cost of low-carbon blast furnace smelting. Background Art

[0002] While reducing carbon emissions, low-carbon blast furnaces also pursue low-cost smelting. The main costs of blast furnace smelting are ore and fuel, and fuel is an important factor affecting its cost. Since the price of raw materials fluctuates over time, the low-cost ironmaking plan is also constantly changing. Therefore, to achieve low-cost blast furnace smelting, there should be a suitable plan that can optimize the blast furnace smelting plan at any time according to changes in raw material conditions and prices. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a low-carbon blast furnace smelting cost control method and system for solving the problem that the cost of low-carbon blast furnace smelting in the prior art cannot be optimized.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned object and other related objects, the present invention provides a low-carbon blast furnace smelting cost control method, the method comprising the following steps:

[0005] Obtain the fuel types and unit cost of each fuel when conducting low-carbon blast furnace smelting;

[0006] Establishing a smelting cost objective function according to the fuel categories and the unit cost of each fuel;

[0007] Obtain the constraints for low-carbon blast furnace smelting and the range of fuel ratios when all constraints are met;

[0008] Calculating the cost value of the smelting cost objective function within the fuel ratio range that satisfies the smelting constraint condition, and outputting the fuel ratio of the smelting cost objective function when the cost value is the minimum;

[0009] Among them, the constraints during low-carbon blast furnace smelting include at least one of the following: fuel supply, material balance during low-carbon blast furnace smelting after injecting hydrogen-rich gas, heat balance during low-carbon blast furnace smelting after injecting hydrogen-rich gas, temperature distribution in the furnace during low-carbon blast furnace smelting after injecting hydrogen-rich gas, and pressure difference in the furnace during low-carbon blast furnace smelting after injecting hydrogen-rich gas.

[0010] Optionally, the method further comprises determining whether material balance is satisfied when low-carbon blast furnace smelting is performed after injecting hydrogen-rich gas, wherein:

[0011] Obtaining raw material composition and blast furnace smelting process parameters during low-carbon blast furnace smelting, wherein the blast furnace smelting process parameters at least include: element distribution rate, slag basicity, initial iron direct reduction degree and initial hydrogen-rich gas injection amount;

[0012] Calculating the amount of iron ore according to the element distribution rate and the raw material composition, and calculating the initial flux amount according to the slag basicity;

[0013] Calculating the amount of slag and the composition of slag according to the amount of iron ore, the initial flux amount, the preset initial coke ratio and the preset initial coal ratio;

[0014] Based on the calculated slag amount and slag composition, check whether the alkaline oxides in the slag meet the desulfurization standard; if not, adjust the initial flux amount and recalculate the new slag amount and slag composition until the alkaline oxides in the slag meet the desulfurization standard; if satisfied, calculate the gas utilization rate based on the gas amount and gas composition in the tuyere whirlpool zone and the direct reduction degree of initial iron;

[0015] Determine whether the coal gas utilization rate is less than or equal to a preset thermodynamic limit value; if less than or equal to, determine that the low-carbon blast furnace at the current moment satisfies the material balance; if greater than, determine that the low-carbon blast furnace at the current moment does not satisfy the material balance, and adjust the preset initial coke ratio, preset initial coal ratio, initial hydrogen-rich gas injection amount and initial direct reduction degree of iron, and re-perform material balance judgment on the low-carbon blast furnace after the adjustment is completed until the material balance is satisfied.

[0016] Optionally, the process of calculating the gas utilization rate based on the gas volume and gas composition in the tuyere whirlpool zone and the direct reduction degree of initial iron includes:

[0017] After the basic oxides in the slag meet the desulfurization standard, the molten iron composition is calculated according to the raw material composition, the amount of iron ore, the flux amount when the desulfurization standard is met, the preset initial coal ratio, the preset initial coke ratio and the element distribution rate;

[0018] Determine whether the calculated molten iron composition meets the preset requirements; if not, adjust the preset initial coal ratio, the preset initial coke ratio and the initial hydrogen-rich gas injection amount, and recalculate the molten iron composition after the adjustment until the new molten iron composition meets the preset requirements; if it does, calculate the air volume based on the carbon brought in by the fuel, the carburization of the molten iron and the carbon consumption of the element reduction in the molten iron;

[0019] The gas volume and gas composition in the tuyere swirl zone are calculated based on the calculated air volume, raw material composition, coke ratio when satisfying the molten iron composition calculation, and coal ratio when satisfying the molten iron composition calculation. The gas utilization rate is calculated based on the gas volume and gas composition in the tuyere swirl zone and the direct reduction degree of initial iron.

[0020] Optionally, the method further comprises determining whether heat balance is satisfied when low-carbon blast furnace smelting is performed after injecting hydrogen-rich gas, wherein:

[0021] When the low-carbon blast furnace satisfies material balance, the coke ratio when satisfying the material balance, the coal ratio when satisfying the material balance, and the hydrogen-rich gas injection amount when satisfying the material balance are obtained, and the coke calorific value is calculated according to the coke ratio when satisfying the material balance and the corresponding calorific value, the coal specific calorific value is calculated according to the coal ratio when satisfying the material balance and the corresponding calorific value, and the hydrogen-rich gas calorific value is calculated according to the hydrogen-rich gas when satisfying the material balance and the corresponding calorific value;

[0022] Obtaining the calorific value brought into the low-carbon blast furnace by the air volume, and the calorific value brought into the low-carbon blast furnace by injecting the hydrogen-rich gas into the low-carbon blast furnace;

[0023] The calorific value of the coke, the specific calorific value of the coal, the calorific value of the hydrogen-rich gas, the calorific value brought in when the air volume enters the low-carbon blast furnace, and the calorific value brought in when the hydrogen-rich gas is injected into the low-carbon blast furnace are added, and the addition result is used as the heat income value;

[0024] Calculate the difference between the heat income value and the heat expenditure value, and determine whether the result of dividing the difference by the heat income value is greater than or equal to a preset ratio; if greater than or equal to, determine that the low-carbon blast furnace at the current moment meets the thermal balance; if less than, determine that the low-carbon blast furnace at the current moment does not meet the thermal balance, and adjust the preset initial coke ratio, the preset initial coal ratio, the initial hydrogen-rich gas injection amount and the initial direct reduction degree of iron, and re-determine the thermal balance of the low-carbon blast furnace;

[0025] Among them, the heat expenditure value includes at least one of the following: heat of decomposition of oxides brought into ore, heat of decomposition of oxides brought into coke, heat of decomposition of oxides brought into coal powder, heat consumption for iron reduction, heat consumption for silicon reduction, heat consumption for manganese reduction, heat consumption for phosphorus reduction, heat consumption for sulfur reduction, enthalpy of molten iron, enthalpy of slag, enthalpy of coal gas, and calorific value of coal gas.

[0026] Optionally, the method further includes judging whether the temperature distribution in the furnace during low-carbon blast furnace smelting after injecting hydrogen-rich gas meets the preset temperature conditions for blast furnace smelting, including:

[0027] When the low-carbon blast furnace meets the thermal balance, the theoretical combustion temperature is calculated according to the gas volume and gas composition in the tuyere whirlpool zone;

[0028] Calculating the material water equivalent and the gas water equivalent of the low-carbon blast furnace, and obtaining the temperature distribution from the zero material line to the tuyere based on the material water equivalent and the gas water equivalent;

[0029] Determine the position and width of the soft melting zone and the height of the reduction temperature zone according to the furnace temperature in the temperature distribution and the soft melting temperature of the ore;

[0030] Determine whether the position of the soft melting zone and the height of the reduction temperature zone are within a preset range. If so, determine whether the temperature distribution in the furnace during low-carbon blast furnace smelting at the current moment meets the preset temperature conditions for blast furnace smelting. If not, adjust the blast parameters, the preset initial coke ratio, the preset initial coal ratio and the initial hydrogen-rich gas injection amount, and re-determine whether the temperature distribution in the furnace during low-carbon blast furnace smelting meets the preset temperature conditions for blast furnace smelting.

[0031] Optionally, the method further includes judging whether the pressure difference in the furnace during low-carbon blast furnace smelting after injecting hydrogen-rich gas meets the blast furnace smelting pressure difference condition, which includes:

[0032] Obtaining pre-calculated block zone pressure differential, soft melt zone pressure differential, and drip zone pressure differential;

[0033] The block zone pressure difference, the soft melting zone pressure difference and the dripping zone pressure difference are added together, and the added result is used as the furnace pressure difference during low-carbon blast furnace smelting at the current moment;

[0034] Calculate the error between the current furnace pressure difference and the standard furnace pressure difference, and determine whether the error is greater than a preset error value;

[0035] If it is greater than, it is determined that the pressure difference in the furnace during low-carbon blast furnace smelting at the current moment does not meet the blast furnace smelting pressure difference condition, and the fuel ratio when calculating the block zone pressure difference, the soft melting zone pressure difference and the dripping zone pressure difference is readjusted until the error value is less than or equal to the preset error value;

[0036] If it is less than or equal to, it is determined that the pressure difference in the furnace during low-carbon blast furnace smelting at the current moment meets the blast furnace smelting pressure difference condition.

[0037] Optionally, the calculation process of the block belt pressure difference includes:

[0038] Obtaining the average particle size of the charge during low-carbon blast furnace smelting, the porosity of the block band, the shape coefficient of the charge, the empty furnace flow rate of the coal gas in the furnace, the density of the coal gas in the furnace, and the dynamic viscosity of the coal gas in the furnace, and calculating the pressure loss gradient of the block band according to the average particle size of the charge, the porosity of the block band, the shape coefficient of the charge, the empty furnace flow rate of the coal gas in the furnace, the density of the coal gas in the furnace, and the dynamic viscosity of the coal gas in the furnace;

[0039] Obtaining a predetermined soft melting zone position, and determining a block zone height according to the soft melting zone position;

[0040] A corresponding bulk belt pressure difference is calculated based on the bulk belt height and the bulk belt pressure loss gradient.

[0041] Optionally, the calculation process of the soft melting zone pressure difference includes:

[0042] Obtaining the soft melting zone porosity, ore layer density before soft melting, ore layer density during soft melting, ore layer thickness before soft melting, ore layer thickness during soft melting, soft melting layer resistance coefficient and ore layer shrinkage rate during soft melting during low-carbon blast furnace smelting, and calculating the soft melting zone pressure loss gradient according to the soft melting zone porosity, ore layer density before soft melting, ore layer density during soft melting, ore layer thickness before soft melting, ore layer thickness during soft melting, soft melting layer resistance coefficient and ore layer shrinkage rate during soft melting;

[0043] The width of the soft melting zone is obtained, and the corresponding soft melting zone pressure difference is calculated based on the width of the soft melting zone and the pressure loss gradient of the soft melting zone.

[0044] Optionally, the calculation process of the dripping zone pressure difference includes:

[0045] Obtaining the slag iron retention rate in the coke layer during low-carbon blast furnace smelting, the harmonic mean of the average coke particle size and the average diameter of the slag iron droplets, and the coke void ratio in the dripping zone, and calculating the dripping zone pressure loss gradient according to the slag iron retention rate in the coke layer, the harmonic mean of the average coke particle size and the average diameter of the slag iron droplets, and the coke void ratio in the dripping zone;

[0046] The height of the drip zone is obtained, and the drip zone pressure difference is calculated based on the height of the drip zone and the drip zone pressure loss gradient.

[0047] The present invention also provides a low-carbon blast furnace smelting cost control system, the system includes a client subsystem and a background processing subsystem;

[0048] The client subsystem is used to input the fuel type for low-carbon blast furnace smelting, the unit cost of each fuel, the constraint conditions for low-carbon blast furnace smelting, and display the fuel ratio when the smelting cost objective function is at the minimum cost value;

[0049] The background processing subsystem is used to establish a smelting cost target function according to the fuel category and the unit cost price of each fuel, and obtain the fuel ratio range when all constraints are met, and calculate the cost value of the smelting cost target function that meets the smelting constraints within the fuel ratio range;

[0050] Among them, the constraints during low-carbon blast furnace smelting include at least one of the following: fuel supply, material balance during low-carbon blast furnace smelting after injecting hydrogen-rich gas, heat balance during low-carbon blast furnace smelting after injecting hydrogen-rich gas, temperature distribution in the furnace during low-carbon blast furnace smelting after injecting hydrogen-rich gas, and pressure difference in the furnace during low-carbon blast furnace smelting after injecting hydrogen-rich gas.

[0051] Optionally, the background processing subsystem includes:

[0052] The material balance module is used to determine whether the material balance is met when low-carbon blast furnace smelting is carried out after injecting hydrogen-rich gas;

[0053] The heat balance module is used to determine whether the heat balance is met when the low-carbon blast furnace is smelted after the hydrogen-rich gas is injected after the material balance is met in the low-carbon blast furnace;

[0054] The furnace temperature module is used to determine whether the temperature distribution in the furnace during low-carbon blast furnace smelting after the injection of hydrogen-rich gas meets the preset temperature conditions for blast furnace smelting after the low-carbon blast furnace meets the thermal balance;

[0055] The furnace pressure difference module is used to determine whether the furnace pressure difference during low-carbon blast furnace smelting after injecting hydrogen-rich gas meets the blast furnace smelting pressure difference condition after the temperature distribution in the furnace meets the preset temperature condition for blast furnace smelting;

[0056] An objective function module, used to establish a smelting cost objective function according to the fuel category and the unit cost price of each fuel;

[0057] The cost calculation module is used to obtain a fuel ratio range that satisfies the fuel supply amount, and calculate the cost value of the smelting cost objective function that satisfies the smelting constraint conditions within the fuel ratio range.

[0058] Optionally, the client subsystem includes:

[0059] An input module, used to input the fuel type, the unit cost of each fuel and the constraint conditions when performing low-carbon blast furnace smelting;

[0060] The display module is used to display the minimum cost value of the smelting cost objective function and the fuel ratio corresponding to the minimum cost value of the smelting cost objective function.

[0061] As described above, the present invention provides a low-carbon blast furnace smelting cost control method and system, which has the following beneficial effects: the present invention obtains the fuel type and the unit cost price of each fuel when performing low-carbon blast furnace smelting; and establishes a smelting cost target function according to the fuel type and the unit cost price of each fuel; at the same time, obtains the constraint conditions when performing low-carbon blast furnace smelting and the fuel ratio range when all the constraint conditions are met; then calculates the minimum cost value of the smelting cost target function when smelting a preset amount of steel within the fuel ratio range, and outputs the fuel ratio of the smelting cost target function at the minimum cost value. It can be seen that the present invention establishes a smelting cost objective function for controlling the blast furnace smelting cost according to the fuel category and the unit price of the fuel, and then determines the minimum value of the smelting cost objective function in combination with the constraints during low-carbon blast furnace smelting. When smelting a preset amount of steel, the fuel ratio corresponding to the minimum value of the smelting cost objective function is the optimal smelting cost plan; that is, blast furnace smelting is carried out according to the fuel ratio corresponding to the minimum cost value, which can not only link the impact of fuel cost on low-carbon blast furnace smelting, but also ensure that the blast furnace is stably and efficiently operated on the basis of high efficiency and low carbon, thereby obtaining an optimal low-cost smelting blast furnace fuel plan. At the same time, when blast furnace smelting is carried out, even if the fuel category and / or the unit price of the fuel changes, the present invention still ultimately obtains a smelting plan with the lowest cost, thereby indicating that the present invention can realize the lowest cost smelting of each low-carbon blast furnace under its own constraints at any time according to market fluctuations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a process for controlling the cost of low-carbon blast furnace smelting provided by an embodiment;

[0063] Figure 2 A schematic flow chart of a method for controlling low-carbon blast furnace smelting costs provided in another embodiment;

[0064] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a low-carbon blast furnace smelting cost control system provided by an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention by specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0066] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in this embodiment are only used to illustrate the basic concept of the present invention in a schematic manner. Therefore, the drawings only show components related to the present invention rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity and proportion of each component may be changed arbitrarily, and the component layout may also be more complicated.

[0067] Embodiment 1:

[0068] See also Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a low-carbon blast furnace smelting cost control method, the method comprising the following steps:

[0069] S10, obtain the fuel category and the unit cost price of each fuel when performing low-carbon blast furnace smelting. As an example, in this embodiment, the fuel category and the unit cost price of each fuel can be directly input by an external person, or can be obtained by a server or processor from a database that pre-stores the fuel category and the unit cost price of the fuel. In addition, the fuel category in this embodiment can be determined according to different blast furnaces. For example, in the blast furnace of a certain iron and steel plant, the fuel category can be coke, pulverized coal and coke oven gas. Among them, coke oven gas (also known as coke oven gas) refers to a combustible gas produced by mixing several kinds of bituminous coal into coking coal, and after high-temperature dry distillation in a coking oven, while producing coke and tar products.

[0070] S20, establish a smelting cost objective function according to the fuel category and the unit price of each fuel. As an example, in a blast furnace of a certain iron and steel plant, the fuel categories may be coke, coal powder and coke oven gas. At this time, the price of coke is 2.500 yuan / kg, the price of coal powder is 0.9 yuan / kg, and the price of coke oven gas is 0.8 yuan / cubic meter. The smelting cost objective function for smelting one ton of steel can be: y=2.500*Xj+0.900*Xm+0.8*Xg; where Xj represents the coke ratio, Xm represents the coal ratio, and Xg represents the coke oven gas.

[0071] S30, obtaining the constraints for low-carbon blast furnace smelting and the range of fuel ratios when all constraints are met; wherein the constraints for low-carbon blast furnace smelting include but are not limited to: fuel supply, material balance during low-carbon blast furnace smelting after injecting hydrogen-rich gas, heat balance during low-carbon blast furnace smelting after injecting hydrogen-rich gas, temperature distribution in the furnace during low-carbon blast furnace smelting after injecting hydrogen-rich gas, and pressure difference in the furnace during low-carbon blast furnace smelting after injecting hydrogen-rich gas.

[0072] S40, calculate the cost value of the smelting cost objective function within the fuel ratio range, when a preset amount of steel is smelted and the smelting constraints are met, and output the fuel ratio of the smelting cost objective function at the minimum cost value. As an example, the fuel ratio in this embodiment can be determined according to different blast furnaces. For example, for a certain blast furnace, the fuel ratio can be coke ratio, coal ratio, and coke oven gas. Among them, the coke ratio refers to the number of tons of coke consumed by the blast furnace for smelting one ton of qualified steel, and the coal ratio refers to the amount of coal powder consumed by the blast furnace for smelting one ton of qualified steel. The preset quantity in this embodiment can be set according to actual conditions, for example, it can be set to a single ton, that is, the minimum cost value of the smelting cost objective function when smelting a single ton of steel within the fuel ratio range is calculated.

[0073] According to the above records, after obtaining the constraint condition of material balance, step S30 of this embodiment further includes determining whether material balance is satisfied when low-carbon blast furnace smelting is performed after injecting hydrogen-rich gas. Specifically, the raw material composition and blast furnace smelting process parameters for low-carbon blast furnace smelting are obtained, and the blast furnace smelting process parameters include at least: element distribution rate, slag basicity, initial iron direct reduction degree and initial hydrogen-rich gas injection rate; the amount of iron ore is calculated according to the element distribution rate and raw material composition, and the initial flux amount is calculated according to the slag basicity; the slag amount and slag composition are calculated according to the iron ore amount, the initial flux amount, the preset initial coke ratio and the preset initial coal ratio; based on the calculated slag amount and slag composition, the basic oxides in the slag are checked to meet the desulfurization standard; if not, the initial flux amount is adjusted and the new slag amount and slag composition are recalculated until the basic oxides in the slag meet the desulfurization standard; if so, the molten iron composition is calculated according to the raw material composition, the iron ore amount, the flux amount when the desulfurization standard is met, the preset initial coal ratio, the preset initial coke ratio and the element distribution rate; it is judged whether the calculated molten iron composition meets the preset requirements; if not, the preset initial coal ratio, the preset initial coal ratio and the preset initial coal ratio are adjusted. The initial coke ratio and the initial hydrogen-rich gas injection amount, and recalculate the molten iron composition after the adjustment is completed until the new molten iron composition meets the preset requirements; if satisfied, calculate the air volume according to the carbon brought in by the fuel, the carburization of the molten iron and the carbon consumption of the element reduction in the molten iron; calculate the gas volume and gas composition in the vortex zone of the tuyere according to the calculated air volume, raw material composition, the coke ratio when satisfying the molten iron composition calculation, and the coal ratio when satisfying the molten iron composition calculation, and calculate the top gas composition based on the gas volume and gas composition in the vortex zone of the tuyere and the direct reduction degree of iron, and calculate the gas utilization rate according to the top gas composition; judge whether the gas utilization rate is less than or equal to the preset thermodynamic limit value; if less than or equal to, it is determined that the low-carbon blast furnace at the current moment meets the material balance; if greater than, it is determined that the low-carbon blast furnace at the current moment does not meet the material balance, and adjust the preset initial coke ratio, the preset initial coal ratio, the initial hydrogen-rich gas injection amount and the initial direct reduction degree of iron, and re-judge the material balance of the low-carbon blast furnace after the adjustment is completed until the material balance is met. As an example, the preset thermodynamic limit value in this embodiment can be set according to actual conditions, for example, the preset thermodynamic limit value can be set to 49.5%. In this embodiment, after injecting the hydrogen-rich medium, the blast furnace meets the material balance, and the gas utilization rate meets the thermodynamic conditions for iron oxide reduction.

[0074] According to the above records, after obtaining the constraint condition of heat balance, step S30 of this embodiment also includes judging whether heat balance is satisfied when low-carbon blast furnace smelting is carried out after injecting hydrogen-rich gas. Specifically, when the low-carbon blast furnace satisfies the material balance, the coke ratio when satisfying the material balance, the coal ratio when satisfying the material balance, and the amount of hydrogen-rich gas injected when satisfying the material balance are obtained, and the coke calorific value is calculated according to the coke ratio when satisfying the material balance and the corresponding calorific value, the coal specific calorific value is calculated according to the coal ratio when satisfying the material balance and the corresponding calorific value, and the hydrogen-rich gas calorific value is calculated according to the hydrogen-rich gas when satisfying the material balance and the corresponding calorific value; the calorific value brought in when the air volume enters the low-carbon blast furnace, and the calorific value brought in when the hydrogen-rich gas is injected into the low-carbon blast furnace are obtained; the calorific value of the coke, the coal specific calorific value, the calorific value of the hydrogen-rich gas, the calorific value brought in when the air volume enters the low-carbon blast furnace, and the calorific value brought in when the hydrogen-rich gas is injected into the low-carbon blast furnace are added, and the corresponding The result is taken as the heat income value; the difference between the heat income value and the heat expenditure value is calculated, and it is determined whether the result after the difference is divided by the heat income value is greater than or equal to the preset ratio; if it is greater than or equal to, it is determined that the low-carbon blast furnace at the current moment meets the heat balance; if it is less than, it is determined that the low-carbon blast furnace at the current moment does not meet the heat balance, and the preset initial coke ratio, the preset initial coal ratio, the initial hydrogen-rich gas injection amount and the initial iron direct reduction degree are adjusted, and the heat balance of the low-carbon blast furnace is re-judged; wherein, the heat expenditure value includes but is not limited to: the heat of decomposition of oxides brought into the ore, the heat of decomposition of oxides brought into the coke, the heat of decomposition of oxides brought into the coal powder, the heat consumption of iron reduction, the heat consumption of silicon reduction, the heat consumption of manganese reduction, the heat consumption of phosphorus reduction, the heat consumption of sulfur reduction, the enthalpy of molten iron, the enthalpy of slag, the enthalpy of coal gas, and the calorific value of coal gas. As an example, the preset ratio in this embodiment can be set according to the actual situation, for example, the preset ratio can be set to 5%. In this embodiment, the blast furnace is allowed to meet the heat balance after the hydrogen-rich medium is injected, which can ensure the balance of heat income and expenditure of the blast furnace.

[0075] According to the above records, after obtaining the constraint condition of the temperature distribution in the furnace, step S30 of this embodiment also includes judging whether the temperature distribution in the furnace during low-carbon blast furnace smelting after injecting hydrogen-rich gas meets the preset temperature condition for blast furnace smelting. Specifically, when the low-carbon blast furnace meets the thermal balance, the theoretical combustion temperature is calculated according to the gas volume and gas composition in the tuyere whirlpool zone; the material water equivalent and gas water equivalent of the low-carbon blast furnace are calculated, and the temperature distribution from the zero material line to the tuyere is obtained based on the material water equivalent and gas water equivalent; the soft melting zone position, width and height of the reduction temperature zone are determined according to the furnace temperature and the soft melting temperature of the ore in the temperature distribution; it is determined whether the soft melting zone position and the height of the reduction temperature zone are located in the preset interval, and if they are located in the preset interval, it is determined that the temperature distribution in the furnace during the low-carbon blast furnace smelting at the current moment meets the preset temperature conditions for blast furnace smelting; if it is not located in the preset interval, the blast parameters, the preset initial coke ratio, the preset initial coal ratio and the initial hydrogen-rich gas injection amount are adjusted, and it is re-determined whether the temperature distribution in the furnace during the low-carbon blast furnace smelting meets the preset temperature conditions for blast furnace smelting. As an example, the preset interval in this embodiment can be set according to each blast furnace. In this embodiment, after the hydrogen-rich medium is injected, the temperature distribution in the blast furnace meets the preset temperature conditions, which can ensure that the position of the blast furnace soft melting zone and the indirect reduction zone are appropriate. Specifically, based on the material water equivalent and the gas water equivalent, the temperature distribution from the zero material line to the tuyere is obtained:

[0076]

[0077] In the formula, ω s =m s c s Indicates the water equivalent of the material;

[0078] ω g =m g c g Indicates gas-water equivalent;

[0079] q represents the volume of ton of iron material;

[0080] k v It indicates the comprehensive heat exchange coefficient between unit furnace charge and coal gas;

[0081] z represents the height of the calculation point from the starting point;

[0082] v represents the downward volume of material per second;

[0083] r represents the radius at the starting point of calculation;

[0084] R represents the radius at the calculation end point;

[0085] H represents the furnace height;

[0086] t g(z) represents the gas temperature at Z;

[0087] t s (z) represents the material temperature at point Z.

[0088] According to the above records, after obtaining the constraint condition of the furnace pressure difference, step S30 of this embodiment also includes judging whether the furnace pressure difference during low-carbon blast furnace smelting after injecting hydrogen-rich gas meets the blast furnace smelting pressure difference condition. Specifically, obtain the pre-calculated block band pressure difference, soft melting band pressure difference and dripping band pressure difference; add the block band pressure difference, soft melting band pressure difference and dripping band pressure difference, and use the added result as the furnace pressure difference during low-carbon blast furnace smelting at the current moment; calculate the error value between the furnace pressure difference at the current moment and the standard furnace pressure difference, and judge whether the error value is greater than the preset error value; if greater than, it is judged that the furnace pressure difference during low-carbon blast furnace smelting at the current moment does not meet the blast furnace smelting pressure difference condition, and readjust the fuel ratio when calculating the block band pressure difference, soft melting band pressure difference and dripping band pressure difference until the error value is less than or equal to the preset error value; if less than or equal to, it is judged that the furnace pressure difference during low-carbon blast furnace smelting at the current moment meets the blast furnace smelting pressure difference condition. As an example, the standard furnace pressure difference in this embodiment can be the pressure difference of the same type of blast furnace, and the preset error value can be set according to the actual situation, for example, the preset error value can be set to 10%. In this embodiment, after the hydrogen-rich medium is injected, the furnace pressure difference of the blast furnace meets the blast furnace smelting pressure difference condition, which can ensure that the blast furnace can run stably and smoothly.

[0089] According to the above records, the calculation process of the block band pressure difference includes: obtaining the average particle size of the charge during low-carbon blast furnace smelting, the block band porosity, the charge shape coefficient, the empty furnace flow rate of the furnace gas, the density of the furnace gas and the dynamic viscosity of the furnace gas, and calculating the block band pressure loss gradient according to the average particle size of the charge, the block band porosity, the charge shape coefficient, the empty furnace flow rate of the furnace gas, the density of the furnace gas and the dynamic viscosity of the furnace gas; obtaining the predetermined soft melting zone position, and determining the height of the block band according to the soft melting zone position; calculating the corresponding block band pressure difference based on the block band height and the block band pressure loss gradient. Specifically, the calculation method of the block band pressure difference includes:

[0090]

[0091] In the formula, It represents the pressure loss gradient of the blocky zone;

[0092] It is expressed as the height of the blocky band;

[0093] d p Indicates the average particle size of the charge;

[0094] ε represents the bulk band void fraction;

[0095] Indicates the charge shape factor;

[0096] u g Indicates the empty furnace flow rate of coal gas;

[0097] ρ g Indicates the density of gas;

[0098] μ represents the dynamic viscosity of gas.

[0099] According to the above records, the calculation process of the soft melting zone pressure difference includes: obtaining the soft melting zone porosity, ore layer density before soft melting, ore layer density during soft melting, ore layer thickness before soft melting, ore layer thickness during soft melting, soft melting layer resistance coefficient and ore layer shrinkage rate during soft melting during low-carbon blast furnace smelting, and calculating the soft melting zone pressure loss gradient according to the soft melting zone porosity, ore layer density before soft melting, ore layer density during soft melting, ore layer thickness before soft melting, ore layer thickness during soft melting, soft melting layer resistance coefficient and ore layer shrinkage rate during soft melting; obtaining the width of the soft melting zone, and calculating the corresponding soft melting zone pressure difference based on the width of the soft melting zone and the soft melting zone pressure loss gradient. Specifically, the calculation method of the soft melting zone pressure difference includes:

[0100]

[0101] In the formula, It represents the pressure loss gradient of the soft melting zone;

[0102] Expressed as the width of the soft melting zone;

[0103] ε b Indicates the void ratio of the soft melting zone,

[0104] ρ p Indicates the density of the ore layer before soft melting;

[0105] ρ b Indicates the density of the ore layer during soft melting;

[0106] f b represents the resistance coefficient of the soft melting layer, f b =3.5+44Sr 1.44 ;

[0107] Sr represents the shrinkage rate of the ore layer during soft melting.

[0108] L p Indicates the thickness of the ore layer before remelting;

[0109] L represents the thickness of the ore layer during soft melting.

[0110] According to the above records, the calculation process of the dripping zone pressure difference includes: obtaining the slag iron retention rate in the coke layer during low-carbon blast furnace smelting, the harmonic mean of the average coke particle size and the average diameter of the slag iron droplets, and the coke porosity in the dripping zone, and calculating the dripping zone pressure loss gradient based on the slag iron retention rate in the coke layer, the harmonic mean of the average coke particle size and the average diameter of the slag iron droplets, and the coke porosity in the dripping zone; obtaining the height of the dripping zone, and calculating the dripping zone pressure difference based on the height of the dripping zone and the dripping zone pressure loss gradient. Specifically, the calculation method of the dripping zone pressure difference includes:

[0111]

[0112] In the formula, represents the pressure loss gradient in the drip zone;

[0113] Indicates the height of the drip zone;

[0114] h t It indicates the slag and iron retention rate in the coke layer;

[0115] d w It represents the harmonic mean of the average particle size of coke and the average diameter of slag iron droplets;

[0116] ε t It indicates the coke porosity in the dripping zone;

[0117] u g Indicates the empty furnace flow rate of coal gas;

[0118] μ represents the dynamic viscosity of gas.

[0119] In summary, this embodiment provides a low-carbon blast furnace smelting cost control method, by obtaining the fuel category and the cost unit price of each fuel during low-carbon blast furnace smelting; and according to the fuel category and the cost unit price of each fuel, establish a smelting cost target function; at the same time, obtain the constraints when performing low-carbon blast furnace smelting and the fuel ratio range when the constraints are met; then calculate the minimum cost value of the smelting cost target function in the fuel ratio range, and output the fuel ratio of the smelting cost target function at the minimum cost value. It can be seen that this embodiment establishes a smelting cost target function for controlling the blast furnace smelting cost according to the fuel category and the fuel unit price, and then determines the minimum value of the smelting cost target function in combination with the constraints during low-carbon blast furnace smelting, and the fuel ratio corresponding to the minimum value of the smelting cost target function is the optimal smelting cost plan; that is, blast furnace smelting is carried out according to the fuel ratio corresponding to the minimum cost value, which can not only link the impact of fuel cost on low-carbon blast furnace smelting, but also ensure that the blast furnace is stably and efficiently operated on the basis of high efficiency and low carbon, thereby obtaining an optimal low-cost smelting blast furnace fuel plan. At the same time, when blast furnace smelting is carried out, even if the fuel type and / or fuel unit price changes, the final result of this embodiment is still a minimum cost smelting plan, which shows that this embodiment can achieve the lowest cost smelting of each low-carbon blast furnace under its own constraints at any time according to market fluctuations.

[0120] Embodiment 2:

[0121] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a low-carbon blast furnace smelting cost control method, the method comprising the following steps:

[0122] S100, generate a set of fuel ratios, and obtain the pre-entered maximum fuel supply; as an example, the pre-entered maximum fuel supply may be coke ratio less than 400 kilograms per ton of iron, that is, Xj<400Kg / tFe; coal ratio less than 200 kilograms per ton of iron, that is, Xm<200Kg / tFe; coke oven gas less than 200 cubic meters per ton of iron, that is, Xg<200m 3 / tFe.

[0123] S200, judging whether the material balance is satisfied when the low-carbon blast furnace smelting is performed after the injection of hydrogen-rich gas according to the generated fuel ratio and the input maximum fuel supply; if the material balance is satisfied, proceeding to step S300; if the material balance is not satisfied, returning to step S100;

[0124] S300, determining whether thermal balance is satisfied when low-carbon blast furnace smelting is performed after injecting hydrogen-rich gas. If thermal balance is satisfied, proceed to step S400; if thermal balance is not satisfied, return to step S100;

[0125] S400, calculating the temperature distribution in the furnace when low-carbon blast furnace smelting is performed after injecting hydrogen-rich gas, and judging whether the temperature distribution in the furnace when low-carbon blast furnace smelting is performed after injecting hydrogen-rich gas meets the preset temperature condition for blast furnace smelting; if the preset temperature condition for blast furnace smelting is met, entering step S500; if the preset temperature condition for blast furnace smelting is not met, returning to step S100;

[0126] S500, calculating the pressure difference in the furnace when low-carbon blast furnace smelting is performed after injecting hydrogen-rich gas, and judging whether the error value between the calculated pressure difference in the furnace and the standard pressure difference in the furnace is greater than a preset error value; if it is greater than the preset error value, judging that the pressure difference in the furnace at the current moment does not meet the pressure difference condition for blast furnace smelting, and returning to step S100; if it is less than or equal to the preset error value, judging that the pressure difference in the furnace at the current moment meets the pressure difference condition for blast furnace smelting, and entering step S600;

[0127] S600, according to the fuel category and the unit price of each fuel when performing low-furnace high-carbon smelting, establish a smelting cost target function, obtain a fuel ratio range that satisfies the fuel supply, calculate the cost value of the smelting cost target function when smelting a preset amount of steel and satisfying the smelting constraint conditions within the fuel ratio range; and compare the calculated minimum cost value with the pre-recorded fuel cost value when smelting a single ton of steel, and use the smaller cost value as the pre-recorded fuel cost value for the next comparison. As an example, in a blast furnace of a certain iron and steel plant, the fuel categories may be coke, pulverized coal, and coke oven gas. At this time, the price of coke is 2.500 yuan / kg, the price of pulverized coal is 0.9 yuan / kg, and the price of coke oven gas is 0.8 yuan / m3. Then the smelting cost target function when smelting a single ton of steel can be: y=2.500*Xj+0.900*Xm+0.8*Xg; where Xj represents the coke ratio, Xm represents the coal ratio, and Xg represents the coke oven gas.

[0128] S700, determine whether the comparison times N is greater than or equal to the preset times Nmax, if so, output the fuel ratio corresponding to the minimum cost value at this time; if less than, return to step S100.

[0129] According to the above records, in this embodiment, the process of step S200 judging whether the material balance is satisfied when low-carbon blast furnace smelting is performed after injecting hydrogen-rich gas according to the generated fuel ratio and the input maximum fuel supply includes: obtaining the raw material composition and blast furnace smelting process parameters when performing low-carbon blast furnace smelting, and the blast furnace smelting process parameters at least include: element distribution rate, slag basicity, initial direct reduction degree of iron and initial hydrogen-rich gas injection amount; calculating the amount of iron ore according to the element distribution rate and raw material composition, and calculating the initial flux amount according to the slag basicity; The slag amount and slag composition are calculated according to the iron ore amount, the initial flux amount, the preset initial coke ratio and the preset initial coal ratio; based on the calculated slag amount and slag composition, the basic oxides in the slag are checked to see whether they meet the desulfurization standard; if not, the new slag amount and slag composition are recalculated after adjusting the initial flux amount until the basic oxides in the slag meet the desulfurization standard; if so, the molten iron composition is calculated according to the raw material composition, the iron ore amount, the flux amount when the desulfurization standard is met, the preset initial coal ratio, the preset initial coke ratio and the element distribution rate; and the determination is made. Check whether the calculated molten iron composition meets the preset requirements; if not, adjust the preset initial coal ratio, the preset initial coke ratio and the initial hydrogen-rich gas injection amount, and recalculate the molten iron composition after the adjustment until the new molten iron composition meets the preset requirements; if it does, calculate the air volume according to the carbon brought in by the fuel, the carburization of the molten iron and the carbon consumption of the element reduction in the molten iron; calculate the gas volume and gas composition in the tuyere swirl zone based on the calculated air volume, raw material composition, the coke ratio when the molten iron composition is calculated, and the coal ratio when the molten iron composition is calculated, and calculate the gas volume and gas composition in the tuyere swirl zone based on the gas volume and gas composition in the tuyere swirl zone The composition of the top gas is calculated based on the composition of the gas and the direct reduction degree of iron, and the gas utilization rate is calculated based on the composition of the top gas; it is determined whether the gas utilization rate is less than or equal to the preset thermodynamic limit value; if it is less than or equal to, it is determined that the low-carbon blast furnace at the current moment meets the material balance; if it is greater than, it is determined that the low-carbon blast furnace at the current moment does not meet the material balance, and the preset initial coke ratio, the preset initial coal ratio, the initial hydrogen-rich gas injection amount and the initial direct reduction degree of iron are adjusted, and the material balance judgment of the low-carbon blast furnace is re-performed after the adjustment is completed until the material balance is met. As an example, the preset thermodynamic limit value in this embodiment can be set according to actual conditions, for example, the preset thermodynamic limit value can be set to 49.5%. This embodiment allows the blast furnace to meet the material balance after the hydrogen-rich medium is injected, so that the gas utilization rate can meet the thermodynamic conditions for the reduction of iron oxides.

[0130] According to the above records, in this embodiment, the process of step S300 determining whether heat balance is satisfied when low-carbon blast furnace smelting is performed after injecting hydrogen-rich gas includes: when the low-carbon blast furnace satisfies material balance, obtaining the coke ratio when satisfying material balance, the coal ratio when satisfying material balance, and the amount of hydrogen-rich gas injected when satisfying material balance, and calculating the calorific value of coke according to the coke ratio when satisfying material balance and the corresponding calorific value, calculating the coal specific calorific value according to the coal ratio when satisfying material balance and the corresponding calorific value, and calculating the calorific value of hydrogen-rich gas according to the hydrogen-rich gas and the corresponding calorific value when satisfying material balance; obtaining the calorific value brought in when the air volume enters the low-carbon blast furnace, and the calorific value brought in when the hydrogen-rich gas is injected into the low-carbon blast furnace; and calculating the calorific value of coke, the specific calorific value of coal, the calorific value of hydrogen-rich gas, the calorific value brought in when the air volume enters the low-carbon blast furnace, and the calorific value brought in when the hydrogen-rich gas is injected into the low-carbon blast furnace. The heat value brought in when the gas is injected into the low-carbon blast furnace is added, and the addition result is used as the heat income value; the difference between the heat income value and the heat expenditure value is calculated, and it is determined whether the result after the difference is divided by the heat income value is greater than or equal to the preset ratio; if it is greater than or equal to, it is determined that the low-carbon blast furnace at the current moment meets the heat balance; if it is less than, it is determined that the low-carbon blast furnace at the current moment does not meet the heat balance, and the preset initial coke ratio, the preset initial coal ratio, the initial hydrogen-rich gas injection amount and the initial direct reduction degree of iron are adjusted, and the heat balance of the low-carbon blast furnace is re-judged; wherein, the heat expenditure value includes but is not limited to: the heat of oxide decomposition brought in by ore, the heat of oxide decomposition brought in by coke, the heat of oxide decomposition brought in by coal powder, the heat consumption of iron reduction, the heat consumption of silicon reduction, the heat consumption of manganese reduction, the heat consumption of phosphorus reduction, the heat consumption of sulfur reduction, the enthalpy of molten iron, the enthalpy of slag, the enthalpy of coal gas, and the calorific value of coal gas. As an example, the preset ratio in this embodiment can be set according to actual conditions, for example, the preset ratio can be set to 5%. This embodiment allows the blast furnace to meet thermal balance after injecting the hydrogen-rich medium, thereby ensuring a balance in heat receipts and expenditures of the blast furnace.

[0131] According to the above records, in this embodiment, the process of step S400 judging whether the temperature distribution in the furnace during low-carbon blast furnace smelting after injecting hydrogen-rich gas meets the preset temperature conditions for blast furnace smelting includes: when the low-carbon blast furnace meets the thermal balance, calculating the theoretical combustion temperature according to the gas volume and gas composition in the tuyere vortex zone; calculating the material water equivalent and gas water equivalent of the low-carbon blast furnace, and obtaining the temperature distribution from the zero material line to the tuyere based on the material water equivalent and gas water equivalent; determining the position and width of the soft melting zone and the height of the reduction temperature zone according to the furnace temperature in the temperature distribution and the soft melting temperature of the ore; judging whether the position of the soft melting zone and the height of the reduction temperature zone are within the preset interval, and if so, judging whether the temperature distribution in the furnace during low-carbon blast furnace smelting at the current moment meets the preset temperature conditions for blast furnace smelting; if not within the preset interval, adjusting the blast parameters, the preset initial coke ratio, the preset initial coal ratio and the initial hydrogen-rich gas injection amount, and re-judging whether the temperature distribution in the furnace during low-carbon blast furnace smelting meets the preset temperature conditions for blast furnace smelting. As an example, the preset interval in this embodiment can be set according to each blast furnace. In this embodiment, after the hydrogen-rich medium is injected, the temperature distribution in the blast furnace meets the preset temperature conditions, which can ensure that the position of the blast furnace soft melting zone and the indirect reduction interval are appropriate. Specifically, based on the material water equivalent and the gas water equivalent, the temperature distribution from the zero material line to the tuyere is obtained:

[0132]

[0133] In the formula, ω s =m s c s Indicates the water equivalent of the material;

[0134] ω g =m g c g Indicates gas-water equivalent;

[0135] q represents the volume of ton of iron material;

[0136] k v It indicates the comprehensive heat exchange coefficient between unit furnace charge and coal gas;

[0137] z represents the height of the calculation point from the starting point;

[0138] v represents the downward volume of material per second;

[0139] r represents the radius at the starting point of calculation;

[0140] R represents the radius at the calculation end point;

[0141] H represents the furnace height;

[0142] t g (z) represents the gas temperature at Z;

[0143] t s (z) represents the material temperature at point Z.

[0144] According to the above records, in this embodiment, the process of step S500 determining whether the error value between the calculated furnace pressure difference and the standard furnace pressure difference is greater than the preset error value includes: obtaining the pre-calculated block band pressure difference, soft melting band pressure difference and dripping band pressure difference; adding the block band pressure difference, soft melting band pressure difference and dripping band pressure difference, and using the addition result as the furnace pressure difference during low-carbon blast furnace smelting at the current moment; calculating the error value between the furnace pressure difference at the current moment and the standard furnace pressure difference, and determining whether the error value is greater than the preset error value; if greater than, determining that the furnace pressure difference during low-carbon blast furnace smelting at the current moment does not meet the blast furnace smelting pressure difference conditions, and re-adjusting the fuel ratio when calculating the block band pressure difference, soft melting band pressure difference and dripping band pressure difference until the error value is less than or equal to the preset error value; if less than or equal to, determining that the furnace pressure difference during low-carbon blast furnace smelting at the current moment meets the blast furnace smelting pressure difference conditions. As an example, the standard furnace pressure difference in this embodiment can be the pressure difference of the same type of blast furnace, and the preset error value can be set according to the actual situation, for example, the preset error value can be set to 10%. In this embodiment, after the hydrogen-rich medium is injected, the furnace pressure difference of the blast furnace meets the blast furnace smelting pressure difference condition, which can ensure that the blast furnace can run stably and smoothly.

[0145] According to the above records, the calculation process of the block band pressure difference includes: obtaining the average particle size of the charge during low-carbon blast furnace smelting, the block band porosity, the charge shape coefficient, the empty furnace flow rate of the furnace gas, the density of the furnace gas and the dynamic viscosity of the furnace gas, and calculating the block band pressure loss gradient according to the average particle size of the charge, the block band porosity, the charge shape coefficient, the empty furnace flow rate of the furnace gas, the density of the furnace gas and the dynamic viscosity of the furnace gas; obtaining the predetermined soft melting zone position, and determining the height of the block band according to the soft melting zone position; calculating the corresponding block band pressure difference based on the block band height and the block band pressure loss gradient. Specifically, the calculation method of the block band pressure difference includes:

[0146]

[0147] In the formula, It represents the pressure loss gradient of the blocky zone;

[0148] It is expressed as the height of the blocky band;

[0149] d p Indicates the average particle size of the charge;

[0150] ε represents the bulk band void fraction;

[0151] Indicates the charge shape factor;

[0152] u g Indicates the empty furnace flow rate of coal gas;

[0153] ρ g Indicates the density of gas;

[0154] μ represents the dynamic viscosity of gas.

[0155] According to the above records, the calculation process of the soft melting zone pressure difference includes: obtaining the soft melting zone porosity, ore layer density before soft melting, ore layer density during soft melting, ore layer thickness before soft melting, ore layer thickness during soft melting, soft melting layer resistance coefficient and ore layer shrinkage rate during soft melting during low-carbon blast furnace smelting, and calculating the soft melting zone pressure loss gradient according to the soft melting zone porosity, ore layer density before soft melting, ore layer density during soft melting, ore layer thickness before soft melting, ore layer thickness during soft melting, soft melting layer resistance coefficient and ore layer shrinkage rate during soft melting; obtaining the width of the soft melting zone, and calculating the corresponding soft melting zone pressure difference based on the width of the soft melting zone and the soft melting zone pressure loss gradient. Specifically, the calculation method of the soft melting zone pressure difference includes:

[0156]

[0157] In the formula, It represents the pressure loss gradient of the soft melting zone;

[0158] Expressed as the width of the soft melting zone;

[0159] ε b Indicates the void ratio of the soft melting zone,

[0160] ρ p Indicates the density of the ore layer before soft melting;

[0161] ρ b Indicates the density of the ore layer during soft melting;

[0162] f b represents the resistance coefficient of the soft melting layer, f b =3.5+44Sr 1.44 ;

[0163] Sr represents the shrinkage rate of the ore layer during soft melting.

[0164] L p Indicates the thickness of the ore layer before remelting;

[0165] L represents the thickness of the ore layer during soft melting.

[0166] According to the above records, the calculation process of the dripping zone pressure difference includes: obtaining the slag iron retention rate in the coke layer during low-carbon blast furnace smelting, the harmonic mean of the average coke particle size and the average diameter of the slag iron droplets, and the coke porosity in the dripping zone, and calculating the dripping zone pressure loss gradient based on the slag iron retention rate in the coke layer, the harmonic mean of the average coke particle size and the average diameter of the slag iron droplets, and the coke porosity in the dripping zone; obtaining the height of the dripping zone, and calculating the dripping zone pressure difference based on the height of the dripping zone and the dripping zone pressure loss gradient. Specifically, the calculation method of the dripping zone pressure difference includes:

[0167]

[0168] In the formula, represents the pressure loss gradient in the drip zone;

[0169] Indicates the height of the drip zone;

[0170] h t It indicates the slag and iron retention rate in the coke layer;

[0171] d w It represents the harmonic mean of the average particle size of coke and the average diameter of slag iron droplets;

[0172] It indicates the coke porosity in the dripping zone;

[0173] u g Indicates the empty furnace flow rate of coal gas;

[0174] μ represents the dynamic viscosity of gas.

[0175] According to the above records, in a specific embodiment, the fuel types in the blast furnace of a certain iron and steel plant are coke, coal powder and coke oven gas. At this time, the price of coke is 2.500 yuan / kg, the price of coal powder is 0.9 yuan / kg, and the price of coke oven gas is 0.8 yuan / cubic meter. Then the smelting cost objective function for smelting one ton of steel can be: y=2.500*Xj+0.900*Xm+0.8*Xg; where Xj represents the coke ratio, Xm represents the coal ratio, and Xg represents the coke oven gas. The maximum fuel supply input in advance is coke ratio Xj<400Kg / tFe, coal ratio Xm<200Kg / tFe, coke oven gas Xg<200m 3 / tFe. At this time, when the blast furnace smelting meets the material balance and heat balance, the coke reduction needs to be greater than 200Kg / tFe; the temperature distribution in the blast furnace smelting needs to meet 800℃ to 1200℃, and the height of the blast furnace is greater than 18m; the pressure difference in the blast furnace smelting needs to meet △P<200Kpa. After comparing the smelting costs 2000 times, the minimum cost value of the cost objective function is obtained, that is: y=2.500*330+0.900*150+0.8*100=1040 yuan, at this time the coke ratio Xj=330Kg / tFe, the coal ratio Xm=150Kg / tFe, the coke oven gas Xg=100m 3 / tFe.

[0176] In summary, this embodiment provides a low-carbon blast furnace smelting cost control method, by obtaining the fuel category and the cost unit price of each fuel during low-carbon blast furnace smelting; and according to the fuel category and the cost unit price of each fuel, establish a smelting cost target function; at the same time, obtain the constraints when performing low-carbon blast furnace smelting and the fuel ratio range when the constraints are met; then calculate the minimum cost value of the smelting cost target function in the fuel ratio range, and output the fuel ratio of the smelting cost target function at the minimum cost value. It can be seen that this embodiment establishes a smelting cost target function for controlling the blast furnace smelting cost according to the fuel category and the fuel unit price, and then determines the minimum value of the smelting cost target function in combination with the constraints during low-carbon blast furnace smelting, and the fuel ratio corresponding to the minimum value of the smelting cost target function is the optimal smelting cost plan; that is, blast furnace smelting is carried out according to the fuel ratio corresponding to the minimum cost value, which can not only link the impact of fuel cost on low-carbon blast furnace smelting, but also ensure that the blast furnace is stably and efficiently operated on the basis of high efficiency and low carbon, thereby obtaining an optimal low-cost smelting blast furnace fuel plan. At the same time, when blast furnace smelting is carried out, even if the fuel type and / or fuel unit price changes, the final result of this embodiment is still a minimum cost smelting plan, which shows that this embodiment can achieve the lowest cost smelting of each low-carbon blast furnace under its own constraints at any time according to market fluctuations.

[0177] Embodiment 3:

[0178] like Figure 3As shown, the present invention provides a low-carbon blast furnace smelting cost control system, the system includes a client subsystem and a background processing subsystem; the client subsystem is used to input the fuel category for low-carbon blast furnace smelting, the unit cost price of each fuel, the constraints when performing low-carbon blast furnace smelting, and display the fuel ratio when the smelting cost objective function is at the minimum cost value; the background processing subsystem is used to establish a smelting cost objective function according to the fuel category and the unit cost price of each fuel, and obtain the fuel ratio range when all constraints are met, and calculate the cost value of the smelting cost objective function when a preset amount of steel is smelted within the fuel ratio range and the smelting constraints are met.

[0179] According to the above records, the background processing subsystem includes:

[0180] The material balance module is used to determine whether the material balance is satisfied when low-carbon blast furnace smelting is carried out after the hydrogen-rich gas is injected; specifically, the raw material composition and blast furnace smelting process parameters when the low-carbon blast furnace smelting is carried out are obtained, and the blast furnace smelting process parameters at least include: element distribution rate, slag basicity, initial iron direct reduction degree and initial hydrogen-rich gas injection amount; the amount of iron ore is calculated according to the element distribution rate and the raw material composition, and the initial flux amount is calculated according to the slag basicity; the amount of iron ore, the initial flux amount, the preset initial coke ratio and The slag amount and slag composition are calculated based on the preset initial coal ratio; based on the calculated slag amount and slag composition, the basic oxides in the slag are checked to see whether they meet the desulfurization standard; if not, the initial flux amount is adjusted and the new slag amount and slag composition are recalculated until the basic oxides in the slag meet the desulfurization standard; if so, the molten iron composition is calculated based on the raw material composition, the iron ore amount, the flux amount when the desulfurization standard is met, the preset initial coal ratio, the preset initial coke ratio and the element distribution rate; it is determined whether the calculated molten iron composition meets the preset requirements ; If not, adjust the preset initial coal ratio, the preset initial coke ratio and the initial hydrogen-rich gas injection amount, and recalculate the molten iron composition after the adjustment is completed until the new molten iron composition meets the preset requirements; If satisfied, calculate the air volume according to the carbon brought in by the fuel, the carburization of the molten iron and the carbon consumption of the element reduction in the molten iron; Calculate the gas volume and gas composition in the tuyere swirl zone based on the calculated air volume, raw material composition, the coke ratio when the molten iron composition is calculated, and the coal ratio when the molten iron composition is calculated, and calculate the gas volume and gas composition in the tuyere swirl zone based on the gas volume and gas composition in the tuyere swirl zone, the direct The top gas composition is calculated based on the reduction degree, and the gas utilization rate is calculated based on the top gas composition; it is determined whether the gas utilization rate is less than or equal to the preset thermodynamic limit value; if it is less than or equal to, it is determined that the low-carbon blast furnace at the current moment meets the material balance; if it is greater than, it is determined that the low-carbon blast furnace at the current moment does not meet the material balance, and the preset initial coke ratio, the preset initial coal ratio, the initial hydrogen-rich gas injection amount and the initial direct reduction degree of iron are adjusted, and the material balance judgment of the low-carbon blast furnace is re-performed after the adjustment is completed until the material balance is met. As an example, the preset thermodynamic limit value in this embodiment can be set according to actual conditions, for example, the preset thermodynamic limit value can be set to 49.5%. This embodiment allows the blast furnace to meet the material balance after the hydrogen-rich medium is injected, so that the gas utilization rate can meet the thermodynamic conditions for the reduction of iron oxides.

[0181] The heat balance module is used to determine whether the heat balance is met when the low-carbon blast furnace is smelted after the hydrogen-rich gas is injected after the low-carbon blast furnace meets the material balance; specifically, when the low-carbon blast furnace meets the material balance, the coke ratio when the material balance is met, the coal ratio when the material balance is met, and the amount of hydrogen-rich gas injected when the material balance is met are obtained, and the coke calorific value is calculated according to the coke ratio when the material balance is met and the corresponding calorific value, the coal specific calorific value is calculated according to the coal ratio when the material balance is met and the corresponding calorific value, and the hydrogen-rich gas calorific value is calculated according to the hydrogen-rich gas when the material balance is met and the corresponding calorific value; the calorific value brought in when the air volume enters the low-carbon blast furnace, and the calorific value brought in when the hydrogen-rich gas is injected into the low-carbon blast furnace; the calorific value of the coke, the specific calorific value of the coal, the calorific value of the hydrogen-rich gas, the calorific value brought in when the air volume enters the low-carbon blast furnace, and the calorific value brought in when the hydrogen-rich gas is injected into the low-carbon blast furnace. The heat value brought in when the gas is injected into the low-carbon blast furnace is added, and the addition result is used as the heat income value; the difference between the heat income value and the heat expenditure value is calculated, and it is determined whether the result after the difference is divided by the heat income value is greater than or equal to the preset ratio; if it is greater than or equal to, it is determined that the low-carbon blast furnace at the current moment meets the heat balance; if it is less than, it is determined that the low-carbon blast furnace at the current moment does not meet the heat balance, and the preset initial coke ratio, the preset initial coal ratio, the initial hydrogen-rich gas injection amount and the initial direct reduction degree of iron are adjusted, and the heat balance of the low-carbon blast furnace is re-judged; wherein, the heat expenditure value includes but is not limited to: the heat of oxide decomposition brought in by ore, the heat of oxide decomposition brought in by coke, the heat of oxide decomposition brought in by coal powder, the heat consumption of iron reduction, the heat consumption of silicon reduction, the heat consumption of manganese reduction, the heat consumption of phosphorus reduction, the heat consumption of sulfur reduction, the enthalpy of molten iron, the enthalpy of slag, the enthalpy of coal gas, and the calorific value of coal gas. As an example, the preset ratio in this embodiment can be set according to actual conditions, for example, the preset ratio can be set to 5%. This embodiment allows the blast furnace to meet thermal balance after injecting the hydrogen-rich medium, thereby ensuring a balance in heat receipts and expenditures of the blast furnace.

[0182] The furnace temperature module is used to determine whether the furnace temperature distribution during low-carbon blast furnace smelting after the injection of hydrogen-rich gas meets the preset temperature conditions for blast furnace smelting after the low-carbon blast furnace meets the thermal balance; specifically, when the low-carbon blast furnace meets the thermal balance, the theoretical combustion temperature is calculated according to the gas volume and gas composition in the tuyere whirlpool area; the material water equivalent and gas water equivalent of the low-carbon blast furnace are calculated, and the temperature distribution from the zero material line to the tuyere is obtained based on the material water equivalent and gas water equivalent; the temperature distribution of the furnace temperature and the softness of the ore in the temperature distribution is obtained according to the furnace temperature in the temperature distribution The melting temperature determines the position, width and height of the soft melting zone of the reduction temperature zone; determines whether the position of the soft melting zone and the height of the reduction temperature zone are within the preset interval. If they are within the preset interval, it is determined that the temperature distribution in the furnace during low-carbon blast furnace smelting at the current moment meets the preset temperature conditions for blast furnace smelting; if it is not within the preset interval, the blast parameters, the preset initial coke ratio, the preset initial coal ratio and the initial hydrogen-rich gas injection amount are adjusted, and the temperature distribution in the furnace during low-carbon blast furnace smelting is re-determined whether it meets the preset temperature conditions for blast furnace smelting. As an example, the preset interval in this embodiment can be set according to each blast furnace. This embodiment allows the temperature distribution in the blast furnace to meet the preset temperature conditions after the hydrogen-rich medium is injected, which can ensure that the position of the soft melting zone and the indirect reduction interval of the blast furnace are appropriate.

[0183] The furnace pressure difference module is used to determine whether the furnace pressure difference during low-carbon blast furnace smelting after injecting hydrogen-rich gas meets the blast furnace smelting pressure difference condition after the temperature distribution in the furnace meets the preset temperature condition of blast furnace smelting; specifically, obtain the pre-calculated block band pressure difference, soft melting band pressure difference and dripping band pressure difference; add the block band pressure difference, soft melting band pressure difference and dripping band pressure difference, and use the added result as the furnace pressure difference during low-carbon blast furnace smelting at the current moment; calculate the error value between the furnace pressure difference at the current moment and the standard furnace pressure difference, and determine whether the error value is greater than the preset error value; if greater, determine that the furnace pressure difference during low-carbon blast furnace smelting at the current moment does not meet the blast furnace smelting pressure difference condition, and readjust the fuel ratio when calculating the block band pressure difference, soft melting band pressure difference and dripping band pressure difference until the error value is less than or equal to the preset error value; if less than or equal to, determine that the furnace pressure difference during low-carbon blast furnace smelting at the current moment meets the blast furnace smelting pressure difference condition. As an example, the standard furnace pressure difference in this embodiment can be the pressure difference of the same type of blast furnace, and the preset error value can be set according to the actual situation, for example, the preset error value can be set to 10%. In this embodiment, after the hydrogen-rich medium is injected, the furnace pressure difference of the blast furnace meets the blast furnace smelting pressure difference condition, which can ensure that the blast furnace can run stably and smoothly.

[0184] The objective function module is used to establish a smelting cost objective function according to the fuel category and the unit price of each fuel; if the fuel categories are coke, coal powder and coke oven gas, the price of coke is 2.500 yuan / kg, the price of coal powder is 0.9 yuan / kg, and the price of coke oven gas is 0.8 yuan / cubic meter, then the smelting cost objective function when smelting one ton of steel can be: y=2.500*Xj+0.900*Xm+0.8*Xg; where Xj represents the coke ratio, Xm represents the coal ratio, and Xg represents the coke oven gas.

[0185] The cost calculation module is used to obtain a fuel ratio range that satisfies the fuel supply amount, and calculate the cost value of the smelting cost objective function when a preset amount of steel is smelted within the fuel ratio range and the smelting constraint conditions are met.

[0186] According to the above records, the client subsystem includes:

[0187] The input module is used to input the fuel category, the unit cost of each fuel, and the constraints when performing low-carbon blast furnace smelting; as an example, the input fuel category can be coke, coal powder, and coke oven gas; the price of coke is 2.500 yuan / kg, the price of coal powder is 0.9 yuan / kg, and the coke oven gas is 0.8 yuan / cubic meter; the input constraints include but are not limited to: fuel supply, material balance when performing low-carbon blast furnace smelting after injecting hydrogen-rich gas, heat balance when performing low-carbon blast furnace smelting after injecting hydrogen-rich gas, furnace temperature distribution when performing low-carbon blast furnace smelting after injecting hydrogen-rich gas, and furnace pressure difference when performing low-carbon blast furnace smelting after injecting hydrogen-rich gas. The display module is used to display the minimum cost value of the smelting cost objective function, and display the fuel ratio corresponding to the minimum cost value of the smelting cost objective function.

[0188] In summary, this embodiment provides a low-carbon blast furnace smelting cost control system, which inputs the fuel type for low-carbon blast furnace smelting, the unit cost price of each fuel, the constraints when performing low-carbon blast furnace smelting, and displays the fuel ratio when the smelting cost objective function is at the minimum cost value through the client subsystem; through the background processing subsystem, a smelting cost objective function is established according to the fuel type and the unit cost price of each fuel, and the fuel ratio range when all constraints are met is obtained, and the minimum cost value of the smelting cost objective function when smelting a preset amount of steel within the fuel ratio range is calculated. It can be seen that the present embodiment establishes a smelting cost objective function for controlling the blast furnace smelting cost according to the fuel category and the fuel unit price, and then determines the minimum value of the smelting cost objective function in combination with the constraints during the low-carbon blast furnace smelting, and the fuel ratio corresponding to the minimum value of the smelting cost objective function is the optimal smelting cost scheme; that is, blast furnace smelting is carried out according to the fuel ratio corresponding to the minimum cost value, which can not only link the impact of fuel cost on low-carbon blast furnace smelting, but also ensure that the blast furnace is stably and efficiently operated on the basis of high efficiency and low carbon, thereby obtaining an optimal low-cost smelting blast furnace fuel scheme. At the same time, when blast furnace smelting is carried out, even if the fuel category and / or the fuel unit price change, the present embodiment still obtains a smelting scheme with the minimum cost, thereby indicating that the present embodiment can realize the lowest cost smelting of each low-carbon blast furnace under its own constraints at any time according to market fluctuations. Therefore, the present invention effectively overcomes the various shortcomings in the prior art and has a high industrial utilization value.

[0189] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed by the present invention shall still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-carbon blast furnace smelting cost control method, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Obtain the fuel types and unit cost of each fuel when conducting low-carbon blast furnace smelting; Establishing a smelting cost objective function according to the fuel categories and the unit cost of each fuel; Obtain the constraints for low-carbon blast furnace smelting and the range of fuel ratios when all constraints are met; Calculating the cost value of the smelting cost objective function within the fuel ratio range when the smelting constraint condition is satisfied, and outputting the fuel ratio of the smelting cost objective function when the cost value is the minimum; The constraints for low-carbon blast furnace smelting include at least one of the following: fuel supply, material balance during low-carbon blast furnace smelting after injecting hydrogen-rich gas, heat balance during low-carbon blast furnace smelting after injecting hydrogen-rich gas, furnace temperature distribution during low-carbon blast furnace smelting after injecting hydrogen-rich gas, and furnace pressure difference during low-carbon blast furnace smelting after injecting hydrogen-rich gas; The method further includes determining whether material balance is satisfied when low-carbon blast furnace smelting is performed after injecting hydrogen-rich gas, including: Obtaining raw material composition and blast furnace smelting process parameters during low-carbon blast furnace smelting, wherein the blast furnace smelting process parameters at least include: element distribution rate, slag basicity, initial iron direct reduction degree and initial hydrogen-rich gas injection amount; Calculating the amount of iron ore according to the element distribution rate and the raw material composition, and calculating the initial flux amount according to the slag basicity; Calculating the amount of slag and the composition of slag according to the amount of iron ore, the initial flux amount, the preset initial coke ratio and the preset initial coal ratio; Based on the calculated slag amount and slag composition, check whether the alkaline oxides in the slag meet the desulfurization standard; if not, adjust the initial flux amount and recalculate the new slag amount and slag composition until the alkaline oxides in the slag meet the desulfurization standard; if satisfied, calculate the gas utilization rate based on the gas amount and gas composition in the tuyere whirlpool zone and the direct reduction degree of initial iron; Determine whether the coal gas utilization rate is less than or equal to a preset thermodynamic limit value; if less than or equal to, determine that the low-carbon blast furnace at the current moment satisfies the material balance; if greater than, determine that the low-carbon blast furnace at the current moment does not satisfy the material balance, and adjust the preset initial coke ratio, preset initial coal ratio, initial hydrogen-rich gas injection amount and initial direct reduction degree of iron, and re-perform material balance judgment on the low-carbon blast furnace after the adjustment is completed until the material balance is satisfied.

2. The low-carbon blast furnace smelting cost control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of calculating the gas utilization rate based on the gas volume and gas composition in the tuyere vortex zone and the direct reduction degree of initial iron includes: After the basic oxides in the slag meet the desulfurization standard, the molten iron composition is calculated according to the raw material composition, the amount of iron ore, the flux amount when the desulfurization standard is met, the preset initial coal ratio, the preset initial coke ratio and the element distribution rate; Determine whether the calculated molten iron composition meets the preset requirements; if not, adjust the preset initial coal ratio, the preset initial coke ratio and the initial hydrogen-rich gas injection amount, and recalculate the molten iron composition after the adjustment until the new molten iron composition meets the preset requirements; if it does, calculate the air volume based on the carbon brought in by the fuel, the carburization of the molten iron and the carbon consumption of the element reduction in the molten iron; The gas volume and gas composition in the tuyere swirl zone are calculated based on the calculated air volume, raw material composition, coke ratio when satisfying the molten iron composition calculation, and coal ratio when satisfying the molten iron composition calculation. The gas utilization rate is calculated based on the gas volume and gas composition in the tuyere swirl zone and the direct reduction degree of initial iron.

3. The low-carbon blast furnace smelting cost control method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The method further includes determining whether heat balance is satisfied when low-carbon blast furnace smelting is performed after injecting hydrogen-rich gas, wherein: When the low-carbon blast furnace satisfies material balance, the coke ratio when satisfying the material balance, the coal ratio when satisfying the material balance, and the hydrogen-rich gas injection amount when satisfying the material balance are obtained, and the coke calorific value is calculated according to the coke ratio when satisfying the material balance and the corresponding calorific value, the coal specific calorific value is calculated according to the coal ratio when satisfying the material balance and the corresponding calorific value, and the hydrogen-rich gas calorific value is calculated according to the hydrogen-rich gas when satisfying the material balance and the corresponding calorific value; Obtaining the calorific value of the air volume when it enters the low-carbon blast furnace, and the calorific value of the air volume when it is injected into the low-carbon blast furnace; The calorific value of the coke, the specific calorific value of the coal, the calorific value of the hydrogen-rich gas, the calorific value brought in when the air volume enters the low-carbon blast furnace, and the calorific value brought in when the hydrogen-rich gas is injected into the low-carbon blast furnace are added, and the addition result is used as the heat income value; Calculating the difference between the heat income value and the heat expenditure value, and determining whether a result of dividing the difference by the heat income value is greater than or equal to a preset ratio; If it is greater than or equal to, it is determined that the low-carbon blast furnace at the current moment meets the thermal balance; If it is less than, it is determined that the low-carbon blast furnace at the current moment does not meet the thermal balance, and the preset initial coke ratio, the preset initial coal ratio, the initial hydrogen-rich gas injection amount and the initial direct reduction degree of iron are adjusted, and the thermal balance of the low-carbon blast furnace is re-judged; Among them, the heat expenditure value includes at least one of the following: heat of decomposition of oxides brought into ore, heat of decomposition of oxides brought into coke, heat of decomposition of oxides brought into coal powder, heat consumption for iron reduction, heat consumption for silicon reduction, heat consumption for manganese reduction, heat consumption for phosphorus reduction, heat consumption for sulfur reduction, enthalpy of molten iron, enthalpy of slag, enthalpy of coal gas, and calorific value of coal gas.

4. The low-carbon blast furnace smelting cost control method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The method further includes judging whether the temperature distribution in the furnace during low-carbon blast furnace smelting after injecting hydrogen-rich gas meets the preset temperature conditions for blast furnace smelting, including: When the low-carbon blast furnace meets the thermal balance, the theoretical combustion temperature is calculated according to the gas volume and gas composition in the tuyere whirlpool zone; Calculating the material water equivalent and the gas water equivalent of the low-carbon blast furnace, and obtaining the temperature distribution from the zero material line to the tuyere based on the material water equivalent and the gas water equivalent; Determine the position and width of the soft melting zone and the height of the reduction temperature zone according to the furnace temperature in the temperature distribution and the soft melting temperature of the ore; Determine whether the position of the soft melting zone and the height of the reduction temperature zone are within a preset range. If so, determine whether the temperature distribution in the furnace during low-carbon blast furnace smelting at the current moment meets the preset temperature conditions for blast furnace smelting. If not, adjust the blast parameters, the preset initial coke ratio, the preset initial coal ratio and the initial hydrogen-rich gas injection amount, and re-determine whether the temperature distribution in the furnace during low-carbon blast furnace smelting meets the preset temperature conditions for blast furnace smelting.

5. The low-carbon blast furnace smelting cost control method according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The method further includes judging whether the pressure difference in the furnace during low-carbon blast furnace smelting after injecting hydrogen-rich gas meets the blast furnace smelting pressure difference condition, which includes: Obtaining pre-calculated block zone pressure difference, soft melt zone pressure difference and drip zone pressure difference; The block zone pressure difference, the soft melting zone pressure difference and the dripping zone pressure difference are added together, and the added result is used as the furnace pressure difference during low-carbon blast furnace smelting at the current moment; Calculate the error between the current furnace pressure difference and the standard furnace pressure difference, and determine whether the error is greater than a preset error value; If it is greater than, it is determined that the pressure difference in the furnace during low-carbon blast furnace smelting at the current moment does not meet the blast furnace smelting pressure difference condition, and the fuel ratio when calculating the block zone pressure difference, the soft melting zone pressure difference and the dripping zone pressure difference is readjusted until the error value is less than or equal to the preset error value; If it is less than or equal to, it is determined that the pressure difference in the furnace during low-carbon blast furnace smelting at the current moment meets the blast furnace smelting pressure difference condition.

6. The low-carbon blast furnace smelting cost control method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The calculation process of the block belt pressure difference includes: Obtaining the average particle size of the charge during low-carbon blast furnace smelting, the porosity of the block band, the shape coefficient of the charge, the empty furnace flow rate of the coal gas in the furnace, the density of the coal gas in the furnace, and the dynamic viscosity of the coal gas in the furnace, and calculating the pressure loss gradient of the block band according to the average particle size of the charge, the porosity of the block band, the shape coefficient of the charge, the empty furnace flow rate of the coal gas in the furnace, the density of the coal gas in the furnace, and the dynamic viscosity of the coal gas in the furnace; Obtaining a predetermined soft melting zone position, and determining a block zone height according to the soft melting zone position; A corresponding bulk belt pressure difference is calculated based on the bulk belt height and the bulk belt pressure loss gradient.

7. The low-carbon blast furnace smelting cost control method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The calculation process of the soft melting zone pressure difference includes: Obtaining the soft melting zone porosity, ore layer density before soft melting, ore layer density during soft melting, ore layer thickness before soft melting, ore layer thickness during soft melting, soft melting layer resistance coefficient and ore layer shrinkage rate during soft melting during low-carbon blast furnace smelting, and calculating the soft melting zone pressure loss gradient according to the soft melting zone porosity, ore layer density before soft melting, ore layer density during soft melting, ore layer thickness before soft melting, ore layer thickness during soft melting, soft melting layer resistance coefficient and ore layer shrinkage rate during soft melting; The width of the soft melting zone is obtained, and the corresponding soft melting zone pressure difference is calculated based on the width of the soft melting zone and the pressure loss gradient of the soft melting zone.

8. The low-carbon blast furnace smelting cost control method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The calculation process of the dripping zone pressure difference includes: Obtaining the slag iron retention rate in the coke layer during low-carbon blast furnace smelting, the harmonic mean of the average coke particle size and the average diameter of the slag iron droplets, and the coke void ratio in the dripping zone, and calculating the dripping zone pressure loss gradient according to the slag iron retention rate in the coke layer, the harmonic mean of the average coke particle size and the average diameter of the slag iron droplets, and the coke void ratio in the dripping zone; The height of the drip zone is obtained, and the drip zone pressure difference is calculated based on the height of the drip zone and the drip zone pressure loss gradient.

9. A low-carbon blast furnace smelting cost control system, characterized in that: The system includes a client subsystem and a background processing subsystem; The client subsystem is used to input the fuel type for low-carbon blast furnace smelting, the unit cost of each fuel, the constraint conditions for low-carbon blast furnace smelting, and display the fuel ratio when the smelting cost objective function is at the minimum cost value; The background processing subsystem is used to establish a smelting cost target function according to the fuel category and the unit cost price of each fuel, and to obtain the fuel ratio range when all constraints are met, and to calculate the cost value of the smelting cost target function that meets the smelting constraints within the fuel ratio range; the background processing subsystem includes: a material balance module, which is used to determine whether the material balance is satisfied when low-carbon blast furnace smelting is carried out after the injection of hydrogen-rich gas; wherein the process of the material balance module determining whether the material balance is satisfied when low-carbon blast furnace smelting is carried out after the injection of hydrogen-rich gas includes: obtaining the raw material composition and blast furnace smelting process parameters when low-carbon blast furnace smelting is carried out, and the blast furnace smelting process parameters include at least: element distribution rate, slag basicity, initial iron direct reduction degree and initial hydrogen-rich gas injection amount; calculating the amount of iron ore according to the element distribution rate and raw material composition, and calculating the initial flux amount according to the slag basicity; The slag amount and slag composition are calculated based on the iron ore amount, the initial flux amount, the preset initial coke ratio and the preset initial coal ratio; based on the calculated slag amount and slag composition, the alkaline oxides in the slag are checked to see if they meet the desulfurization standard; if not, the initial flux amount is adjusted and the new slag amount and slag composition are recalculated until the alkaline oxides in the slag meet the desulfurization standard; if so, the gas utilization rate is calculated based on the gas amount and gas composition in the tuyere whirlpool zone and the direct reduction degree of the initial iron; it is determined whether the gas utilization rate is less than or equal to the preset thermodynamic limit value; if it is less than or equal to, it is determined that the low-carbon blast furnace at the current moment meets the material balance; if it is greater than, it is determined that the low-carbon blast furnace at the current moment does not meet the material balance, and the preset initial coke ratio, the preset initial coal ratio, the initial hydrogen-rich gas injection amount and the direct reduction degree of the initial iron are adjusted, and the material balance judgment of the low-carbon blast furnace is re-performed after the adjustment is completed until the material balance is met; Among them, the constraints during low-carbon blast furnace smelting include at least one of the following: fuel supply, material balance during low-carbon blast furnace smelting after injecting hydrogen-rich gas, heat balance during low-carbon blast furnace smelting after injecting hydrogen-rich gas, temperature distribution in the furnace during low-carbon blast furnace smelting after injecting hydrogen-rich gas, and pressure difference in the furnace during low-carbon blast furnace smelting after injecting hydrogen-rich gas.

10. The low-carbon blast furnace smelting cost control system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The background processing subsystem includes: The heat balance module is used to determine whether the heat balance is met when the low-carbon blast furnace is smelted after the hydrogen-rich gas is injected after the material balance is met in the low-carbon blast furnace; The furnace temperature module is used to determine whether the temperature distribution in the furnace during low-carbon blast furnace smelting after injecting hydrogen-rich gas meets the preset temperature conditions for blast furnace smelting after the low-carbon blast furnace meets the thermal balance; The furnace pressure difference module is used to determine whether the furnace pressure difference during low-carbon blast furnace smelting after injecting hydrogen-rich gas meets the blast furnace smelting pressure difference condition after the temperature distribution in the furnace meets the preset temperature condition for blast furnace smelting; An objective function module, used to establish a smelting cost objective function according to the fuel category and the unit cost price of each fuel; The cost calculation module is used to obtain a fuel ratio range that satisfies the fuel supply amount, and calculate the cost value of the smelting cost objective function when it is within the fuel ratio range and satisfies the smelting constraint conditions.

11. The low-carbon blast furnace smelting cost control system according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that: The client subsystem includes: An input module, used to input the fuel type, the unit cost of each fuel and the constraint conditions when performing low-carbon blast furnace smelting; The display module is used to display the minimum cost value of the smelting cost objective function and the fuel ratio corresponding to the minimum cost value of the smelting cost objective function.

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