Electrical connector

Abstract

An electrical connector includes an insulating substrate, and a conductive terminal fixed to the insulating substrate, wherein the conductive terminal includes a first type terminal and a second type terminal, wherein the first type terminal and the second type terminal have the same shape and size, and both the first type terminal and the second type terminal are coated with a first dielectric having a first dielectric constant, wherein the first type terminal is coated with more of the first dielectric than the second type terminal, and the first dielectric constant of the first dielectric is smaller than the dielectric constant of the insulating substrate. By setting the terminals of different types to have the same shape and size, the manufacturing cost can be effectively reduced, and by coating the first type terminal with a dielectric constant smaller than the insulating substrate and more of the first dielectric than the first dielectric coated by the second type terminal, the high-frequency impedance of the first type terminal can be made greater than the high-frequency impedance of the second type terminal, thereby enabling the electrical connector to have the ability to transmit multiple high-frequency signals.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an electric connector, in particular to a composite electric connector with terminals of different types. [Background technology]

[0002] Electrical connectors are mainly used for power and signal transmission between devices. HDMI connectors, USB 3.0 connectors, and USB Type C connectors are usually used to transmit high-speed signals. However, since these connectors usually have standardized frames and terminals, if different types of connectors are integrated into a single connector, different types of terminals in different types of connectors need to be integrated. Since different types of terminals need to have different high-frequency impedances, the high-frequency performance of the single connector under this integration needs to be compatible with at least two specifications, and the manufacturing costs of different types of terminals need to be considered. [Summary of the invention]

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an electrical connector with high frequency performance compatible with two specifications and having the same terminal structure.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present invention may adopt the following technical solution: an electrical connector, comprising an insulating substrate, and conductive terminals fixed on the insulating substrate, the conductive terminals comprising a first type terminal and a second type terminal, the first type terminal and the second type terminal having the same shape and size, the first type terminal and the second type terminal are both coated with a first medium having a first dielectric constant, the first type terminal coated with more of the first medium than the second type terminal, and the first dielectric constant of the first medium is smaller than the dielectric constant of the insulating substrate.

[0005] Furthermore, the first type terminal and the second type terminal both include a retaining portion retained in the insulating base, a contact portion protruding forward from the retaining portion to the front end surface of the insulating base, and a welding portion extending backward from the retaining portion to the rear end surface of the insulating base. The electrical connector also includes an insulating shell, the insulating shell includes a rear cavity located at the rear end for the insulating base to be loaded, and a plurality of laterally spaced partitions arranged at the front end of the rear cavity, the partitions extending in the front-to-back direction, the partitions include a plurality of adjacent first partitions and a plurality of adjacent second partitions, a first receiving groove for accommodating the contact portion of the first type terminal is formed between adjacent first partitions, a second receiving groove for accommodating the contact portion of the second type terminal is formed between adjacent second partitions, the length of the first partition in the front-to-back direction is less than the length of the second partition in the front-to-back direction so that the contact portion of the first type terminal is more exposed to the air in the front-to-back direction than the contact portion of the second type terminal, and the air is the first medium.

[0006] Furthermore, the front ends of the first partition bar and the second partition bar are flush with each other in the front-to-rear direction, and the rear end edge of the second partition bar extends rearwardly beyond the rear end edge of the first partition bar in the front-to-rear direction.

[0007] Furthermore, the insulating shell also includes a docking cavity located at the front end, the first receiving groove and the second receiving groove are connected to the docking cavity in the up and down directions, the contact portion is an elastic arm protruding forward from the retaining portion from the front end surface of the insulating base, and the elastic arm has a docking portion protruding downward into the docking cavity.

[0008] Furthermore, the insulating shell includes an upper wall, a lower wall and a pair of side walls connecting the upper wall and the lower wall. The insulating shell is provided with a horizontal partition located between the upper wall and the lower wall at the front end of the rear cavity. The partition fence includes an upper row of partition fences connected between the upper wall and the horizontal partition fence and a lower row of partition fences connected between the horizontal partition fence and the lower wall. The upper row of partition fences and the lower row of partition fences both include a plurality of adjacent first partition fences and a plurality of adjacent second partition fences. The conductive terminals include an upper row of conductive terminals and a lower row of conductive terminals fixed to the insulating base. The upper row of conductive terminals and the lower row of conductive terminals both include the first type of terminals and the second type of terminals. The front end surface of the insulating base is close to the rear end edge of the horizontal partition fence.

[0009] Furthermore, the front ends of the first partition fence are flush with the second partition fence, the rear ends of the first partition fence and the second partition fence are located in front of the rear end edge of the horizontal partition, and the rear end edge of the first partition fence is farther away from the rear end edge of the horizontal partition than the rear end edge of the second partition fence.

[0010] Furthermore, a first space is formed between the rear end of the first receiving groove between adjacent first partition bars in the front-to-back direction and the rear end edge of the horizontal partition, and a second space is formed between the rear end of the second receiving groove between adjacent second partition bars in the front-to-back direction and the rear end edge of the horizontal partition, and the first space is larger than the second space so as to accommodate more of the first medium than the second space to cover the contact portion.

[0011] Furthermore, the insulating base includes an upper insulating base integrally formed and fixed with the upper row of conductive terminals and a lower insulating base integrally formed and fixed with the lower row of conductive terminals, the upper insulating base and the lower insulating base are stacked and fixed in the up and down directions, one of the mating surfaces of the upper insulating base and the lower insulating base stacked in the up and down directions is convexly provided with a protrusion extending along the transverse direction, and the other is concavely provided with a groove matching the protrusion, and the extension distance between the protrusion and the groove in the transverse direction is not less than the arrangement distance of the upper and lower rows of conductive terminals along the transverse direction.

[0012] Furthermore, the insulating base includes an upper insulating base integrally formed and fixed with the upper row of conductive terminals and a lower insulating base integrally formed and fixed with the lower row of conductive terminals, the upper insulating base and the lower insulating base are stacked in the up-down direction, and the horizontal partition rests rearwardly in the front-to-back direction against the joint between the upper insulating base and the lower insulating base in the up-down direction.

[0013] Furthermore, the dimension of the horizontal partition in the transverse direction is not less than the dimension of the joint in the transverse direction.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the electrical connector of the present invention can effectively reduce manufacturing costs by setting the first type terminal and the second type terminal to have the same shape and size, and the first medium with a dielectric constant smaller than that of the insulating substrate coated on the first type terminal is larger than the first medium coated on the second type terminal, so that the high-frequency impedance of the first type terminal can be greater than the high-frequency impedance of the second type terminal, thereby enabling the electrical connector to have the ability to transmit multiple high-frequency signals.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the electrical connector of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Another perspective of the stereogram.

[0017] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional exploded view of the electrical connector of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Another perspective exploded view.

[0019] Figure 5 It is a partial exploded view of the electrical connector of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional view of the insulating housing of the electrical connector of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the insulating shell and the metal shell of the electrical connector of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 8 yes Figure 2 Section view along line AA.

[0023] Fig. 9 yes Figure 1 Section view along line BB.

[0024] The following specific implementation manner will further illustrate the present invention in conjunction with the above-mentioned drawings. [Specific implementation method]

[0025] Ginseng Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the present invention discloses an electrical connector 100, which is preferably a cable connector, and can also be a socket connector. The electrical connector 100 includes an insulating base 1, a conductive terminal 2 fixed to the insulating base 1, a circuit board 1000 for soldering the conductive terminal 2, an insulating shell 3 fixing the insulating base 1, a metal shell 4 without solder pins wrapped outside the insulating shell 3, a metal adapter 5 clamped between the insulating base 1 and the metal shell 4 in the up-down direction and soldered to the circuit board 1000 to achieve grounding of the metal shell 4, and a pair of metal locking parts 6 arranged on both sides of the insulating shell 3 and passing through the metal shell 4 laterally outward.

[0026] The electrical connector 100 is a hybrid interface composite connector, and its conductive terminals 2 include a first type terminal 201 and a second type terminal 202 for transmitting different types of high-speed signals. In the present invention, the first type terminal 201 transmits HDMI signals, and the second type terminal 202 transmits USB signals, and the first type terminal 201 and the second type terminal 202 are arranged in a row along the horizontal direction. The first type terminal 201 and the second type terminal 202 have the same shape and size, so that only the same mold is needed to manufacture two different types of terminals, effectively saving manufacturing costs.

[0027] Since the first type terminal 201 and the second type terminal 202 need to transmit different high-speed signals, the first type terminal 201 and the second type terminal 202 need to meet different high-frequency impedances. For example, the first type terminal 201 needs to have a higher high-frequency impedance than the second type terminal 202. In the present invention, both the first type terminal 201 and the second type terminal 202 are coated with a first dielectric (not shown) having a first dielectric constant, the first dielectric constant of the first dielectric (not shown) being smaller than the dielectric constant of the insulating substrate 1. By coating the first type terminal 201 with more of the first dielectric (not shown) than the second type terminal 202 with the first dielectric, the high-frequency impedance of the first type terminal 201 can be raised, so that the high-frequency impedance of the first type terminal 201 is greater than the high-frequency impedance of the second type terminal 202.

[0028] The first type terminal 201 and the second type terminal 202 both include a retaining portion 21 retained on the insulating substrate 1, a contact portion 22 extending forward from the retaining portion 21 and protruding out of the front end surface 11 of the insulating substrate 1, and a welding portion 23 extending backward from the retaining portion 21 and out of the rear end surface 12 of the insulating substrate 1. The insulating housing 3 of the electrical connector 100 includes a rear cavity 31 at the rear end for the insulating substrate 1 to be loaded therein, and a plurality of partitions 32 arranged at intervals in the transverse direction at the front end of the rear cavity 31. The partitions 32 extend in the front-to-back direction. The partitions include a plurality of adjacent first partitions 321 and a plurality of adjacent second partitions 322. A first receiving groove 3211 for receiving the contact portion 22 of the first type terminal 201 is formed between adjacent first partitions 321, and a second receiving groove 3221 for receiving the contact portion 22 of the second type terminal 202 is formed between adjacent second partitions 322. The length of the first partition 321 in the front-to-back direction is less than the length of the second partition 322 in the front-to-back direction, so that the contact portion 22 of the first type terminal 201 is more exposed in the front-to-back direction than the contact portion 22 of the second type terminal 202. At the exposed portion, the contact portions 22 of the first type terminal 201 and the second type terminal 202 are covered with the first medium (not shown), so that the first type terminal 201 has a higher high-frequency impedance than the second type terminal 202. Preferably, in the front-to-back direction, the contact portion 22 of the first type terminal 201 is more exposed to the air than the contact portion 22 of the second type terminal 202, and in this case, the first medium (not shown) is air. Specifically, the front edges of the first fence 321 and the second fence 322 are flush in the front-to-back direction, and the rear edge of the second fence 322 extends backwards beyond the rear edge of the first fence 321 in the front-to-back direction, so that the rear end of the contact portion 22 of the first type terminal 201 is more covered by the air of the first medium than the rear end of the contact portion 22 of the second type terminal 202 in the front-to-back direction.

[0029] The insulating shell 3 also includes a docking cavity 33 located at the front end, the first receiving groove 3211 and the second receiving groove 3221 are connected to the docking cavity 33 in the up and down directions, the contact portion 22 is an elastic arm protruding forward from the retaining portion 21 to the front end surface 11 of the insulating base 1, and the elastic arm has a docking portion 221 protruding downward into the docking cavity 33.

[0030] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the conductive terminals 2 include an upper row of conductive terminals 203 and a lower row of conductive terminals 204, and the insulating base 1 includes an upper insulating base 101 integrally formed and fixed with the upper row of conductive terminals 203 and a lower insulating base 102 integrally formed and fixed with the lower row of conductive terminals 204. The upper row of conductive terminals 203 and the lower row of conductive terminals 204 both include the first type of terminals 201 and the second type of terminals 202, the elastic arms of the upper row of conductive terminals 203 protrude forward from the front end surface of the upper insulating base 101, and the elastic arms of the lower row of conductive terminals 204 protrude forward from the front end surface of the lower insulating base 102. The upper insulating base 101 and the lower insulating base 102 are stacked and fixed in the vertical direction. The upper insulating base 101 and the lower insulating base 102 have stacked mating surfaces in the vertical direction. The mating surface of the upper insulating base 101 is concavely provided with a groove 1011 extending in the transverse direction, and the mating surface of the lower insulating base 102 is convexly provided with a protrusion 1021 extending in the transverse direction and matching with the groove 1011. The extension distance of the groove 1011 and the protrusion 1021 in the transverse direction is not less than the arrangement distance of the upper and lower rows of conductive terminals 203 and 204 in the transverse direction, thereby effectively preventing water vapor from flowing backward from the mating seam 103 of the mating surfaces of the upper and lower insulating bases from front to back. Of course, in other embodiments, the positions of the grooves and protrusions of the upper insulating base 101 and the lower insulating base 102 can be interchanged.

[0031] The insulating housing 3 includes an upper wall 301, a lower wall 302, and a pair of side walls 303 connecting the upper wall 301 and the lower wall 302. The side wall 303 is provided with a receiving groove 3031 for accommodating the main body 61 of the metal lock member 6. The metal shell 4 covers the insulating housing 3 and the insulating substrate 1. The two lateral side walls of the metal shell 4 are provided with openings 41. The metal lock member 6 is provided with a locking protrusion 62 protruding outward from the front end of the main body 61 to the opening 41. The upper and lower surfaces of the insulating base 1 are integrally provided with a first protrusion 104 that is snap-fitted into the first retaining holes 34 of the upper and lower walls 301 and 302 of the insulating shell 3. The upper and lower surfaces of the insulating base 1 are also provided with a pair of second protrusions 105 that are protruded on both sides of the rear of the first protrusion 104. The second protrusion 105 is located behind the rear cavity 31, and the pair of second protrusions 105 are snap-fitted into a pair of second retaining holes 42 on the top wall and bottom wall of the metal shell 4. The insulating shell 3 is provided with a horizontal partition 304 located between the upper wall 301 and the lower wall 302 at the front end of the rear cavity 31. The partition 32 includes an upper row of partitions 305 connected between the upper wall 301 and the horizontal partition 304 and a lower row of partitions 306 connected between the horizontal partition 304 and the lower wall 302. The upper row of partitions 305 and the lower row of partitions 306 both include a plurality of adjacent first partitions 321 and a plurality of adjacent second partitions 322. The first type terminals 201 in the upper and lower rows of conductive terminals 203 and 204 are correspondingly arranged in the first receiving grooves 3211 between adjacent first partitions 321, and the second type terminals in the upper and lower rows of conductive terminals 204 are correspondingly arranged in the second receiving grooves 3221 between adjacent second partitions 322. The front edges of the first partition bar 321 and the second partition bar 322 in the upper and lower rows of partition bars 305 and 306 are flush, and the rear edges of the first partition bar 321 and the second partition bar 322 in the upper and lower rows of partition bars 305 and 306 are located in front of the rear edge of the horizontal partition 304, and the rear edge of the first partition bar 321 is farther away from the rear edge of the horizontal partition 304 than the rear edge of the second partition bar 322. The front end surface 11 of the insulating substrate 1 is close to the rear edge of the horizontal partition 304. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the rear edge of the horizontal partition 304 is backward against the joint 103 of the upper insulating substrate 101 and the lower insulating substrate 102 in the vertical direction in the front-to-back direction, and the size of the horizontal partition 304 in the horizontal direction is not less than the size of the joint 103 in the horizontal direction, thereby effectively preventing water vapor from flowing backward from the joint 103.It should be noted that the rear end of the first receiving groove 3211 between adjacent first partition bars 321 forms a first space 3212 in the front-to-back direction with the rear end edge of the horizontal partition 304, and the rear end of the second receiving groove 3221 between adjacent second partition bars 322 forms a second space 3222 in the front-to-back direction with the rear end edge of the horizontal partition 304. The first space 3212 is larger than the second space 3222, so as to accommodate more of the first medium than the second space 3222 to cover the contact portion 22, so that the first type terminal 201 has a high-frequency impedance greater than the second type terminal 202, and finally the high-frequency performance of the electrical connector 100 can be compatible with two different specifications, that is, compatible with two different types of terminals.

[0032] The two different types of terminals in the electrical connector 100 of the present invention utilize different amounts of a first dielectric with a low dielectric constant to coat the terminals, so that the different types of terminals have different high-frequency impedances, and ultimately the high-frequency performance of the electrical connector can be compatible with a variety of specifications. Of course, an electrical connector with more than two different types of terminals can also achieve compatibility of the high-frequency performance of the electrical connector with more than two different specifications by respectively coating the first dielectric with a low dielectric constant in two or more different amounts. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the two different types of terminals can also achieve compatibility of the high-frequency performance of the electrical connector with different specifications by respectively coating different amounts of an insulating matrix. The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Any equivalent changes made to the technical solution of the present invention by a person of ordinary skill in the art after reading the specification of the present invention are covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrical connector, comprising an insulating substrate, and conductive terminals fixed to the insulating substrate, wherein the conductive terminals include first type terminals and second type terminals, wherein: The first type terminal and the second type terminal have the same shape and size. The first type terminal and the second type terminal are both coated with a first dielectric having a first dielectric constant. The first type terminal covers more of the first dielectric than the second type terminal. The first dielectric constant of the first dielectric is smaller than the dielectric constant of the insulating substrate. The first type terminal and the second type terminal both include a retaining portion retained in the insulating substrate, a contact portion protruding forward from the retaining portion to the front end surface of the insulating substrate, and a welding portion extending backward from the retaining portion to the rear end surface of the insulating substrate. The electrical connector also includes an insulating housing, the insulating housing includes a plurality of fences arranged at intervals in the transverse direction, the fences extend in the front-to-back direction, the fences include a plurality of adjacent first fences and a plurality of adjacent second fences, a first receiving groove for receiving the contact portion of the first type terminal is formed between adjacent first fences, and a second receiving groove for receiving the contact portion of the second type terminal is formed between adjacent second fences, and the length of the first fence in the front-to-back direction is smaller than the length of the second fence in the front-to-back direction so that the contact portion of the first type terminal is more exposed to the first dielectric in the front-to-back direction than the contact portion of the second type terminal.

2. The electrical connector according to claim 1, wherein: The insulating shell comprises a rear cavity at the rear end for the insulating substrate to be loaded, a plurality of fences arranged in a transverse interval are arranged at the front end of the rear cavity, and air is the first medium.

3. The electrical connector according to claim 2, wherein: The front ends of the first partition bar and the second partition bar are flush with each other in the front-to-rear direction, and the rear end edge of the second partition bar extends rearwardly beyond the rear end edge of the first partition bar in the front-to-rear direction.

4. The electrical connector according to claim 2, wherein: The insulating shell also includes a docking cavity located at the front end, the first receiving groove and the second receiving groove are connected to the docking cavity in the up and down directions, the contact portion is an elastic arm protruding forward from the retaining portion and extending from the front end surface of the insulating base, and the elastic arm has a docking portion protruding downward into the docking cavity.

5. The electrical connector according to claim 2, wherein: The insulating shell includes an upper wall, a lower wall and a pair of side walls connecting the upper wall and the lower wall. The insulating shell is provided with a horizontal partition located between the upper wall and the lower wall at the front end of the rear cavity. The partition fence includes an upper row of partition fences connected between the upper wall and the horizontal partition fence and a lower row of partition fences connected between the horizontal partition fence and the lower wall. The upper row of partition fences and the lower row of partition fences each include a plurality of adjacent first partition fences and a plurality of adjacent second partition fences. The conductive terminals include an upper row of conductive terminals and a lower row of conductive terminals fixed on an insulating base. The upper row of conductive terminals and the lower row of conductive terminals each include the first type of terminals and the second type of terminals. The front end surface of the insulating base is close to the rear end edge of the horizontal partition fence.

6. The electrical connector according to claim 5, wherein: The front ends of the first and second partition bars are flush, the rear ends of the first and second partition bars are located in front of the rear end edge of the horizontal partition plate, and the rear end edge of the first partition bar is farther from the rear end edge of the horizontal partition plate than the rear end edge of the second partition bar.

7. The electrical connector according to claim 6, wherein: A first space is formed between the rear end of the first receiving groove between adjacent first partitions in the front-to-back direction and the rear end edge of the horizontal partition, and a second space is formed between the rear end of the second receiving groove between adjacent second partitions in the front-to-back direction and the rear end edge of the horizontal partition. The first space is larger than the second space so as to accommodate more of the first medium than the second space to cover the contact portion.

8. The electrical connector according to claim 5, wherein: The insulating base includes an upper insulating base integrally formed and fixed with the upper row of conductive terminals and a lower insulating base integrally formed and fixed with the lower row of conductive terminals. The upper insulating base and the lower insulating base are stacked and fixed in the up-down direction. One of the mating surfaces of the upper insulating base and the lower insulating base stacked in the up-down direction is convexly provided with a protrusion extending along the transverse direction, and the other is concavely provided with a groove matching the protrusion. The extension distance of the protrusion and the groove in the transverse direction is not less than the arrangement distance of the upper and lower rows of conductive terminals along the transverse direction.

9. The electrical connector according to claim 5, wherein: The insulating base includes an upper insulating base integrally formed and fixed with the upper row of conductive terminals and a lower insulating base integrally formed and fixed with the lower row of conductive terminals. The upper insulating base and the lower insulating base are stacked in the up-down direction, and the horizontal partition is pressed backward in the front-to-back direction against the joint between the upper insulating base and the lower insulating base in the up-down direction.

10. The electrical connector according to claim 9, wherein: The dimension of the horizontal partition in the transverse direction is not less than the dimension of the fitting joint in the transverse direction.

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