A Fabry-Perot cavity antenna with a wide 1dB gain bandwidth

Abstract

The present invention discloses a Fabry-Perot cavity antenna with a wide 1dB gain bandwidth based on an artificial electromagnetic metasurface, and belongs to the field of antenna technology. The Fabry-Perot cavity antenna comprises three parts: a microstrip antenna, a partial reflecting surface, and an artificial electromagnetic metasurface above the partial reflecting surface. Among them, the partial reflecting surface has a phase increasing with frequency and a high reflection coefficient in the entire working frequency band; the artificial electromagnetic metamaterial surface above the partial reflecting surface is mainly used to improve the problem of low high-frequency gain caused by the resonance condition not being well satisfied in a broadband case. The present invention mainly increases the gain of the antenna in a broadband while ensuring the stability of the gain by loading a partial reflecting surface and an artificial electromagnetic metasurface above the feeding antenna. The antenna has the advantages of high gain, wide 1dB gain bandwidth, low profile, high directivity, low sidelobe level, etc., and has a high engineering application value in wireless communication applications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna with a wide 1dB gain bandwidth, and belongs to the field of antennas and artificial electromagnetic materials. Background Art

[0002] Compared with traditional high-gain antennas such as reflector antennas, microstrip array antennas, and waveguide slot array antennas, Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antennas have obvious advantages such as miniaturization, low profile, simple structure, and easy production, and have attracted widespread attention. At the same time, the Fabry-Perot resonant antenna with a wide 1dB gain bandwidth is a recent research hotspot. The typical structure of the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna consists of a source antenna and a partial reflector. In this way, a resonant cavity is formed between the partial reflector and the feed ground plane. When the resonance condition is met, when the electromagnetic wave radiated from the microstrip antenna reaches the interface between the air and the isolation medium, a part of the electromagnetic wave will be reflected to the ground plane. The electromagnetic wave will be reflected multiple times between the partial reflector and the reflective ground plane to achieve the same direction enhancement of the electric field, and finally overflow the partial reflector, thereby forming directional high-gain radiation. The Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna has broad application prospects in wireless systems such as satellite communications, remote control, navigation, and ground penetrating radar.

[0003] A typical Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna is formed by placing an EBG structure as a partial reflection surface at an appropriate distance (usually about half a wavelength) from the ground plane. However, the inherent disadvantage of this antenna is that the bandwidth is too narrow due to the typical narrowband resonant cavity structure. In order to overcome this, some methods for broadband Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antennas have been studied. The general methods are as follows: (1) Using a double-layer FSS instead of the traditional FSS structure. However, the multi-layer partially reflecting surface Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna includes a plurality of dielectric plates and a plurality of spatial distances, making the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna structure bulky. (2) Using a composite dielectric substrate with a lateral dielectric constant gradient as the upper layer of the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna. Although this method is a very effective method, its upper layer structure is relatively complex to manufacture and implement. (3) Using a dielectric plate with a positive reflection phase as the upper layer of the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna. The partial reflection surface of this structure provides a positive reflection phase that satisfies the conditions of the resonant cavity, thereby producing a broadband Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna.

[0004] In summary, the partial reflector with positive phase gradient is simple in structure, easy to realize, and has a low profile (about 1 / 2 of the working wavelength). Therefore, it provides an optimal way to design broadband Fabry-Perot cavity antennas. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: by loading a partial reflection surface, the purpose is to provide a new unit structure for improving the bandwidth and gain of the feeding antenna, and by loading a metamaterial surface with through holes, the purpose is to solve the problem of low high-frequency gain due to excessively wide frequency band, and solve the problems of complex structure, narrow bandwidth and unstable gain of existing antennas.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna with a wide 1dB gain bandwidth includes a microstrip antenna, a partial reflective surface, and a metamaterial surface with a through hole. The partial reflective surface with a positive reflection phase covers the top of the patch antenna, mainly used to improve the gain of the patch antenna; the metamaterial surface with a through hole covers directly above the partial reflective surface, mainly used to improve the problem of low high-frequency gain caused by the difficulty in meeting broadband resonance conditions at the same height.

[0008] Compared with the existing Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna, the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna with a wide 1 dB gain bandwidth proposed in the present invention has the following innovations:

[0009] The Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna of the present invention adopts a method of covering a single-layer partial reflector above a microstrip antenna to obtain a wide-band, high-gain Fabry antenna, wherein the single-layer partial reflector has a high reflection coefficient and a positive reflection phase. Unlike the previous partial reflector, the partial reflector of the present invention is formed by a single-layer dielectric plate to generate double resonance and has a positive reflection phase that increases with frequency within a wide band, making it closer to the optimal phase, and can effectively provide relatively high gain performance and relatively wide bandwidth while maintaining the compactness of the overall structure; in addition, by adding a metamaterial surface with a through hole directly above the partial reflector, the problem of low high-frequency gain is improved, so that the gain of the final Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna within a wide band remains stable.

[0010] As a further description of the present invention, a double-layer patch-type feeding antenna is selected. The advantage is that the microstrip antenna has structural characteristics such as compact structure, easy processing, easy design, and low cost, and a broadband feed antenna is formed by coupling the microstrip feed line termination rectangular patch on the upper surface of the first dielectric with the second dielectric plate with a square patch engraved with a cross-shaped slit, and the bottom surface of the first dielectric plate is fully copper-clad to effectively reduce the back lobe of the antenna.

[0011] As a further description of the present invention, a second dielectric plate is introduced into the feeding antenna, and the second dielectric substrate with a square patch engraved with a cross-shaped slit is coupled through the first dielectric substrate microstrip feeding patch, resulting in the formation of a second resonance point without affecting the overall profile of the Fabry cavity antenna.

[0012] As a further description of the present invention, the partial reflection surface covering the microstrip antenna in the Fabry-Perot cavity antenna with a wide 1dB gain bandwidth is a single-layer dielectric substrate with a double-sided printed metal structure; and the diameters of the inner and outer circle through holes with the metamaterial surface are different, and the overall cross-section is not greatly affected after the introduction of the metamaterial surface.

[0013] As a further description of the present invention, the specific method of placing the patch antenna above the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna with a wide 1dB gain bandwidth is: stacking the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate in sequence with the bottom layer being the first dielectric substrate and the top layer being the second dielectric substrate; wherein the thicknesses of the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate are the same; and the dielectric constants of the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate are the same.

[0014] As a further description of the present invention, the microstrip copper-clad structure on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate and the copper-clad structure on the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate are cocentrically arranged to ensure that the resulting directional pattern maintains forward radiation within a wide frequency band.

[0015] As a further description of the present invention, the metal ground plane on the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate is provided with a plurality of fixing holes, and the second dielectric substrate, the third dielectric substrate and the fourth dielectric substrate correspond to the fixing holes of the metal ground plane on the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate. By fixing one end of the nylon dielectric support column in the fixing hole of the metal ground plane and the other end in the fixing hole of the second dielectric substrate, the third dielectric substrate and the fourth dielectric substrate, the second dielectric substrate, the third dielectric substrate and the fourth dielectric substrate are supported and placed above the ground plane, so that the final model maintains high mechanical stability.

[0016] In summary, the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna with a wide 1dB gain bandwidth provided by the present invention adopts a second dielectric plate with a single-sided copper-clad structure coupled with a microstrip patch as an excitation source, a single-layer dielectric substrate with dual resonance as a reflective cover of the feed antenna, and a metamaterial surface with through holes as a means to improve high-frequency gain. A second dielectric plate is introduced into the feed antenna, and the second dielectric substrate with a single-sided copper-clad structure is coupled with the microstrip feed patch of the first dielectric substrate, resulting in the formation of a second resonance point, thereby realizing the working mode of a broadband, high-gain Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna. The use of a full copper-clad structure on the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate can effectively reduce the back lobe of the antenna; the partial reflection surface has a phase that meets the resonance conditions of the Fabry cavity antenna in the entire frequency band, and has a high reflection coefficient; the introduction of a metamaterial surface with through holes above the partial reflection surface has a good improvement in the high-frequency gain. Finally, the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna can achieve a 10dB impedance bandwidth of 26.5%, of which the 3dB gain bandwidth is 26.5%. It is worth mentioning that the generated 1dB gain bandwidth is 25.2%. At the same time, the aperture surface size of the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna is only about twice the wavelength in a vacuum.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. Compared with the existing methods for improving antenna bandwidth and gain, the present invention has a simple feeding structure and a stable radiation pattern, and a low back lobe;

[0019] 2. The present invention has a wide frequency band and a higher channel capacity than a narrowband single-polarization array;

[0020] 3. The present invention relates to a single-layer, double-resonant partial reflection surface with the characteristic of increasing the normal reflection phase with frequency, which better meets the resonance condition of the Fabry resonant cavity antenna and makes the gain of the Fabry resonant cavity antenna more stable;

[0021] 4. The present invention has a simple structure and is easy to implement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, constitute a part of this application, and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 This is a structural cross-sectional view of a Fabry-Perot cavity antenna according to Example 1 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a top view of the feeding antenna structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a partial reflection surface unit according to Example 1 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a top view of the top metal unit of the partial reflection surface unit of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a top view of the bottom metal unit of the partial reflection surface unit of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a top view of the metamaterial surface of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 1 is an S parameter curve and a gain curve diagram of the microstrip antenna of Example 1 of the present invention under HFSS simulation.

[0030] Figure 8 This is an S parameter curve diagram of the partial reflection surface of Example 1 of the present invention under HFSS simulation.

[0031] Fig. 9 It is a comparison diagram between the S parameters and gain curve of the Fabry-Perot cavity antenna of Example 1 of the present invention under HFSS simulation and the S parameters and gain curve of the feed antenna.

[0032] Fig.10 This is a comparison diagram between the S parameter and gain curve of the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna loaded with a metamaterial surface under HFSS simulation according to Example 1 of the present invention and the curve of the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna not loaded with a metamaterial surface.

[0033] Fig.11 The directional patterns of the Fabry-Perot cavity antenna loaded with the metamaterial surface in Example 1 of the present invention at 24 GHz and 26 GHz under HFSS simulation

[0034] Fig.12 These are the basic steps for designing a Fabry-Perot cavity antenna with a wide 1 dB gain bandwidth according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their description are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0036] Embodiment 1:

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, the Fabry-Perot cavity antenna with a wide 1 dB gain bandwidth provided by the present invention comprises: a microstrip antenna, a partial reflection surface, and a metamaterial surface with through holes arranged above the partial reflection surface.

[0038] The feed antenna is a first dielectric substrate 1 with double-sided copper cladding, with a microstrip patch 3 engraved on its upper surface and a ground plane 2 with full copper cladding on its bottom surface. The feed antenna is a second dielectric substrate 6 with single-sided copper cladding, with a square patch 5 with a cross-shaped slit engraved on its upper surface. The side length l of the copper-clad structure 2 on the bottom surface of the first dielectric substrate 1 is 28 mm, wherein the length m1 of the microstrip line on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate is 10.9 mm, and the width u1 is 1.15 mm. The length m2 of the microstrip line termination rectangle is 3.1 mm, and the width u2 is 3.1 mm. The side length u3 of the copper-clad structure patch on the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate 6 is 4.4 mm, the length m3 of the cross-shaped slot is 4.4 mm, and the width u3 is 0.2 mm.

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the microstrip feeding antenna is fed from the side. The feeding antenna is a microstrip terminated rectangular patch, which makes it show more free variables; in addition, the dielectric substrate 1 and the dielectric substrate 2 are introduced at a certain distance, and a broadband is generated through microstrip coupling. By designing the impedance of the microstrip line and optimizing these variables, good impedance matching of the broadband is achieved.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, part of the reflective surface in the Fabry-Perot cavity antenna with a wide 1 dB gain bandwidth is a third dielectric plate 8 with double-sided copper cladding. Figure 4 As shown, the bottom surface of the third dielectric substrate 8 is a square patch 7 with four L-shaped slits; Figure 5 As shown, on the upper surface of the third dielectric substrate 8 are cross-shaped patch copper-clad structures 9 of different sizes overlapping each other. The bottom surface of the third dielectric substrate 8 is provided with a plurality of regular L-groove copper-clad structures 7 of the same size arranged periodically, and the upper surface of the third dielectric substrate 8 is provided with a plurality of cross-shaped patch copper-clad structures 9 of the same size and different sizes overlapping each other arranged periodically. The copper-clad structures 7 on the bottom surface of the third dielectric substrate 8 and the copper-clad structures 9 on the upper surface of the third dielectric substrate 8 are aligned in center.

[0041] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the side length a1 of the copper-clad structure 7 on the bottom surface of the third dielectric substrate 8 is 4.2 mm, the groove length l1 is 1.15 mm, and the groove width w1 is 0.1 mm. The copper-clad structure on the upper surface of the third dielectric substrate 8 has two overlapping crosses of different sizes, wherein the long cross length s1 is 2.6 mm, the width g1 is 0.1 mm, and the short cross length s2 is 2.2 mm, and the width g2 is 0.5 mm. The copper-clad structures of the third dielectric substrate 8 are arranged periodically in both the x-direction and the y-direction, and the center spacing p between two adjacent copper-clad structures in both the x-direction and the y-direction is 4.2 mm.

[0042] Further, if Figure 1As shown, the interval between the third dielectric substrate 8 and the ground plane 2 is approximately 1 / 2 of the antenna working wavelength.

[0043] In this embodiment, Figure 6 As shown, it is a top view of the fourth dielectric plate 10, which is a metamaterial surface with through holes in the Fabry-Perot cavity antenna with a wide 1 dB gain bandwidth. The fourth dielectric substrate 10 is engraved with through holes of different sizes, extending outward in a square circle, the diameter of the inner circle is d1 = 0.4 mm, the diameter of the outer circle is d2 = 0.6 mm, and the distance from the partial reflection surface is h7 = 0.3 mm.

[0044] In other preferred embodiments of the present invention, if the third dielectric substrate 8 uses other types of circuit boards, according to the above-mentioned design theory, the sizes of the copper-clad structure 7 on the bottom surface and the copper-clad structure on the top surface of the third dielectric board 8 are correspondingly different, but the changes in these parameters are all related to the dielectric constant of the third dielectric substrate 8 adopted.

[0045] Further, if Figure 1 As shown, the metal ground plane on the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate 1 is provided with a plurality of fixing holes. Correspondingly, in this embodiment, fixing holes are respectively provided at the four vertex positions of the second dielectric substrate 6, the third dielectric substrate 8 and the fourth dielectric substrate 10. The margin distance between the fixing holes and the second dielectric substrate 6, the third dielectric substrate 8 and the fourth dielectric substrate 10 can be determined according to actual conditions. The margin distance has little effect on the performance of the antenna and only plays a supporting role. By fixing one end of the nylon dielectric support column in the positioning hole on the second dielectric substrate 6, the third dielectric substrate 8 and the fourth dielectric substrate 10, and fixing the other end in the positioning hole of the metal ground plane on the lower surface of the corresponding dielectric substrate on the feeding antenna, the dielectric substrate at a certain distance from the ground is supported to form a complete Fabry cavity antenna.

[0046] In summary, the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna with a wide 1dB gain bandwidth provided by the present invention uses a microstrip antenna as an excitation source, and an additional dielectric layer is introduced into the microstrip antenna to form a second resonance point to obtain a broadband feeding antenna. A double-sided copper-clad dielectric substrate is used as the reflective cover of the antenna, and at the same time, the partial reflection surface can satisfy the phase increase with frequency in the entire working frequency band, but because in the case of broadband, the specific height cannot meet the broadband resonance condition, resulting in low high-frequency gain of the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna. Therefore, in order to solve this problem, a metamaterial surface with through holes is loaded above the partial reflection surface to increase the high-frequency gain, thereby realizing a Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna with a wide 1dB gain bandwidth. Furthermore, by adjusting the change in the height between the feeding antenna and the partial reflection surface and the parameters such as the position of the through holes on the metamaterial surface, the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna can finally achieve a 10dB impedance bandwidth of 26.5%, and the 3dB gain bandwidth can reach 26.5%, and the 1dB gain bandwidth of the Fabry cavity antenna can achieve 25.2%. At the same time, the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna uses a smaller and more compact reflective cover, so the aperture size of the antenna is only about twice the wavelength in vacuum.

[0047] In this embodiment, Figure 7 As shown, the S parameter curve and gain curve of the microstrip antenna of the Fabry-Perot cavity antenna with a wide 1dB gain bandwidth of the present invention are shown, wherein S11 is the reflection coefficient and gain curve of the patch antenna. The simulation results show that the fed antenna can achieve an impedance bandwidth of 26.5% of 10dB.

[0048] In this embodiment, Figure 8 The figure shows the relationship between the reflection coefficient amplitude and frequency of the reflection cover plate in the present invention, and the relationship between the reflection coefficient phase and frequency of the reflection cover plate. It can be seen that when the frequency range is 20GHz-30GHz, the reflection coefficient phase and frequency are positively correlated, and the reflection coefficient modulus is relatively high, so the gain is greatly improved.

[0049] In this embodiment, Fig. 9 As shown, it is a comparison diagram between the S parameters and gain curves of the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna of Example 1 of the present invention under HFSS simulation and the S parameters and gain curves of the feed antenna. The simulation results show that when there is no partial reflection surface, the maximum gain is 8.9dBi at 26.4GHz. When the partial reflection surface is placed on the feed antenna, the maximum gain is 12.56dBi at 24.4GHz. At 20.6GHz, the maximum gain improvement of 5.86dB is achieved. It can also be seen from the figure that the 1dB gain bandwidth of the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna is very narrow.

[0050] In this embodiment, Fig.10, which is a comparison diagram of the S parameters and gain curves of the Fabry-Perot cavity antenna loaded with a metamaterial surface and without a metamaterial surface under HFSS simulation in Example 1 of the present invention. It can be seen from the figure that the S of the Fabry-Perot cavity antenna without a metamaterial surface is 11 The range of <-10dB is 21.15-27.98GHz (27.8%), and the maximum gain value is 12.56dBi, while the gain is very unstable in the entire working frequency band; while for the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna loaded with the metamaterial surface, S 11 The range of <-10dB is 21.28-2 7.87GHz (26.81%), the maximum gain value is 13.31dBi, and the most important thing is that the gain of the entire working frequency band tends to be stable, and the 1dB gain variation range is 21.52-27.71GHz (25.2%).

[0051] In this embodiment, Fig.11 As shown, the directional patterns of the Fabry-Perot cavity antenna loaded with a metamaterial surface in Example 1 of the present invention at 24 GHz and 26 GHz under HFSS simulation.

[0052] In this embodiment, Fig.12 FIG. 1 is a basic flow chart of designing a broadband, high-gain Fabry-Perot cavity antenna according to the present invention.

[0053] Although the content of the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, it should be appreciated that the above description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention. After reading the above content, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and substitutions of the present invention will occur. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A Fabry-Perot cavity antenna with a wide 1 dB gain bandwidth, characterized in that: It comprises: a microstrip antenna, a partial reflection surface directly above the microstrip antenna, and an artificial electromagnetic metasurface arranged directly above the partial reflection surface; The microstrip antenna is a first dielectric substrate with copper cladding on both sides, with a microstrip feed line engraved on the upper surface and a ground plane fully clad with copper on the bottom surface, wherein the size of the metal ground is the same as that of the first dielectric substrate; a second dielectric substrate is introduced above the first dielectric substrate, wherein the second dielectric substrate is copper clad on one side, and a square patch with a cross-shaped slit is engraved on the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate, wherein the centers of the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate are aligned; The partial reflection surface is composed of a third dielectric plate with copper cladding on both sides, wherein the bottom surface of the third dielectric substrate is a square patch with four L-shaped slots, and the top surface is formed by overlapping two cross-shaped patches of different sizes, wherein the metal patches on the upper and lower surfaces of the third dielectric substrate are concentrically aligned and located directly above the feed antenna; The electromagnetic metasurface is a fourth dielectric substrate with a through hole, and the through hole runs through the upper and lower surfaces of the fourth dielectric substrate, wherein the through hole of the fourth dielectric substrate extends outward in the form of a square ring around the center, and finally forms two square ring holes except for the center hole, and the diameter of the circular hole of the inner ring is different from the diameter of the circular hole of the outer ring, and the center of the inner ring circular hole is separated from the center of the outer ring circular hole by a certain distance, and the fourth dielectric substrate is located directly above the partial reflection surface.

2. The Fabry-Perot cavity antenna with a wide 1 dB gain bandwidth as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The microstrip antenna uses a 50-ohm feeder to excite a rectangular patch on a first dielectric substrate, and then couples a second dielectric substrate with a square patch engraved with a cross-shaped slot.

3. The Fabry-Perot cavity antenna with a wide 1 dB gain bandwidth as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The lower surface of the third dielectric substrate is periodically arranged with a plurality of square patch copper-clad structures with L-shaped seams of the same size; the upper surface of the third dielectric substrate is periodically arranged with a plurality of structures of the same size formed by overlapping two cross-shaped patches of different sizes.

4. The Fabry-Perot cavity antenna with a wide 1 dB gain bandwidth as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate of the microstrip antenna are both made of Rogers 4003c, with a thickness of h1=h2=0.5 mm, a relative dielectric constant of 3.38, and a loss tangent of 0.0027.

5. The Fabry-Perot cavity antenna with a wide 1 dB gain bandwidth as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The partial reflection surface is a third dielectric plate with copper cladding on both sides, wherein the third dielectric substrate is Rogers5880, with a thickness of h4=1mm, a dielectric constant of 2.2, and a loss tangent of 0.0009.

6. The Fabry-Perot cavity antenna with a wide 1 dB gain bandwidth as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The fourth dielectric substrate is made of Rogers 4003c, and its thickness is h5=0.5 mm.

7. The Fabry-Perot cavity antenna with a wide 1 dB gain bandwidth as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The spatial distance h6 between the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate and the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate is 0.3 mm.

8. The Fabry-Perot cavity antenna with a wide 1 dB gain bandwidth as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The distance h3 between the ground plane of the bottom layer of the first dielectric substrate of the microstrip antenna and the bottom layer of the third dielectric substrate of the partial reflective surface is initially calculated according to 1 / 2 of the antenna working wavelength, and the optimal bandwidth and gain are ensured by optimizing the distance h3.

9. The Fabry-Perot cavity antenna with a wide 1 dB gain bandwidth as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The distance at which the fourth dielectric substrate of the artificial electromagnetic metasurface is loaded above the partial reflection surface is h7, and by optimizing the distance h7, the optimal bandwidth and the most stable gain are ensured.

10. The Fabry-Perot cavity antenna with a wide 1 dB gain bandwidth as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The first dielectric substrate is provided with a plurality of fixing holes, and the second dielectric substrate, the third dielectric substrate and the fourth dielectric substrate are provided with a plurality of fixing holes corresponding to the first dielectric substrate and sequentially penetrating the second dielectric substrate, the third dielectric substrate and the fourth dielectric substrate. By fixing one end of the nylon dielectric support column in the fixing hole of the first dielectric substrate and the other end in the fixing hole of the second dielectric substrate, the third dielectric substrate and the fourth dielectric substrate, the second dielectric substrate, the third dielectric substrate and the fourth dielectric substrate are supported so as to be placed above the microstrip antenna.

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