Traceable medical waste treatment system and method based on dual blockchain

Abstract

The present invention relates to a traceable medical waste treatment system and method based on dual blockchains, and relates to the field of blockchain technology. The system includes a smart contract layer, a blockchain layer, and a data storage layer; the blockchain layer includes an index chain and a supervision chain; the index chain is used to deploy a first smart contract, the first smart contract includes original medical waste information, a waste traceability code, a waste electronic certificate, and a first upload control strategy, and the first upload control strategy is: when the current electronic certificate of the medical waste to be uploaded is consistent with the first certificate, the original medical waste information of the medical waste to be uploaded is received; the supervision chain is used to deploy a second smart contract, and the second smart contract includes medical institution information, transportation unit information, waste recycling unit information, environmental protection supervision unit information, and a second upload control strategy. The present invention realizes the tracking and supervision of medical waste through blockchain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of blockchain technology, and in particular to a traceable medical waste treatment system and method based on dual blockchains. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the medical industry, the types and quantities of medical waste are growing rapidly, which not only causes waste of resources and environmental pollution, but also harms human health and safety. Proper disposal of medical waste is a guarantee for the health of the general public and many medical workers. Whether medical waste can be safely and correctly disposed of is the top priority to cut off the spread of the virus and prevent secondary pollution.

[0003] However, the current medical waste supervision technology is backward, with a single treatment model and poor supervision. Some medical institutions even make a lot of violations in order to reduce costs. These are the pain points and difficulties of medical waste management. The main problems with the current solutions include:

[0004] 1. Using traditional databases for centralized storage may result in data being tampered with or forged.

[0005] 2. The disposal process of medical waste includes many links, such as collection, classification, temporary storage, transportation, recycling, harmless treatment and supervision. Once there is an omission in the handover process, it will lead to the inability to trace the relevant links when any problems occur later.

[0006] 3. The various units involved in medical waste disposal may be under the supervision of different regulatory departments, which is not conducive to the flow of data across institutions and leads to the emergence of data islands. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a traceable medical waste treatment system and method based on dual blockchains, so as to realize the tracking and supervision of medical waste through blockchains.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0009] A traceable medical waste treatment system based on dual blockchains, comprising a smart contract layer, a blockchain layer and a data storage layer; the blockchain layer comprises an index chain and a supervision chain;

[0010] The data storage layer is used to store medical waste data;

[0011] The index chain is used to deploy a first smart contract, which includes original information of medical waste, a waste traceability code, a waste electronic certificate and a first upload control strategy; the original information of medical waste is an address index of the medical waste data; the first upload control strategy is: when the current electronic certificate of the medical waste to be uploaded is consistent with the first certificate, the original information of the medical waste to be uploaded is received; the first certificate is a waste electronic certificate obtained by tracing the waste traceability code of the medical waste to be uploaded;

[0012] The chain of custody is used to deploy a second smart contract, which includes medical institution information, transportation unit information, waste recycling unit information, environmental protection supervision unit information and a second upload control strategy; the second upload control strategy is: when the current electronic certificate of the medical waste to be uploaded is consistent with the first certificate, the status information in the current electronic certificate of the medical waste to be uploaded is updated; the first certificate is a waste electronic certificate obtained by tracing the waste traceability code of the medical waste to be uploaded; the status information in the current electronic certificate includes collection status, transportation status and recycling status;

[0013] The smart contract layer is used to screen visitors who access the blockchain layer and the data storage layer.

[0014] Optionally, the traceable medical waste treatment system further includes an application layer;

[0015] The application layer is used to provide corresponding data interfaces for the collection of medical waste data, the transportation of medical waste and the recycling of medical waste, and to manage the electronic credentials of medical waste at each data interface.

[0016] Optionally, both the index chain and the custody chain are alliance chains.

[0017] Optionally, the index chain includes a main chain, a derivative chain and an access entry;

[0018] The main chain includes a plurality of blocks, one of which is used to record the original information of medical waste uploaded by a medical transfer station and the time when the original information of medical waste is changed;

[0019] The derivative chain is a chain structure obtained by connecting the blocks containing the same original medical waste information on the main chain using hash pointers;

[0020] The access entry communicates with the main chain, and the access entry is used to provide an entry for accessing the data stored in the block.

[0021] Optionally, the blocks in the main chain include first-category blocks and second-category blocks;

[0022] The first type of blocks are used for:

[0023] Obtain medical waste data;

[0024] Encrypting the medical waste data and determining a key;

[0025] Storing the encrypted medical waste data in the data storage layer, and determining an address index of the medical waste data;

[0026] The second type of blocks communicate with the first type of blocks and the custody chain respectively, and the second type of blocks are used to:

[0027] Acquire the current status of the medical waste data from the first type of block; the current status of the medical waste includes the medical transfer station where the medical waste is uploaded and the upload time, the current medical transfer station where the medical waste is located, and the waste electronic certificate of the medical waste data;

[0028] The current status of the medical waste data is updated, and then the updated current status of the medical waste data is uploaded to the custody chain.

[0029] To achieve the above object, the present invention also provides the following technical solutions:

[0030] A traceable medical waste treatment method based on dual blockchains, comprising:

[0031] The medical waste data uploaded by each medical transfer station is stored in the data storage layer, and the address index of the medical waste data is stored in the index chain;

[0032] Determine the waste traceability code and the waste electronic certificate corresponding to the medical waste data, and upload the waste traceability code and the waste electronic certificate to the index chain;

[0033] When medical waste is in the process of transportation, the transportation unit information is uploaded to the chain of custody, and the waste electronic certificate of the medical waste is updated; the transportation unit information includes the start time of medical waste transportation, the end time of medical waste transportation, the transportation route of medical waste and the target waste recycling unit of the medical waste;

[0034] When the medical waste arrives at the target waste recycling unit, the waste recycling unit information is uploaded to the supervision chain, and the waste electronic certificate of the medical waste is verified and updated; the waste recycling unit information includes the recycling treatment type of the medical waste.

[0035] Optionally, the traceable medical waste treatment method further comprises:

[0036] After the medical waste is delivered to the medical transfer station, the electronic waste certificate of the medical waste is verified;

[0037] When the electronic waste certificate of the medical waste is verified, the medical waste is classified according to the electronic waste certificate, and the status data in the electronic waste certificate is updated, and then the updated electronic waste certificate is uploaded to the index chain.

[0038] Optionally, the process of establishing the index chain specifically includes:

[0039] Assigning a traceability code to the medical waste data to obtain a waste traceability code and a corresponding waste electronic certificate;

[0040] Encrypting the medical waste data, storing the encrypted medical waste data in a data storage layer, and determining an address index of the medical waste data;

[0041] The address index of the medical waste data is uploaded to the block; a chain structure formed by connecting multiple blocks is an index chain.

[0042] Optionally, encrypting the medical waste data, storing the encrypted medical waste data in a data storage layer, and determining an address index of the medical waste data specifically includes:

[0043] Receive the system master key and system public parameters issued by the authorization center;

[0044] For each block, determining a block attribute set of the block;

[0045] Calculate a block private key according to the block attribute set, the system master key and the system public parameters;

[0046] Determining a random symmetric encryption key based on the block private key;

[0047] encrypting the medical waste data according to the random symmetric encryption key, and sending the encrypted medical waste data to the data storage layer;

[0048] The ciphertext and original information of medical waste sent by the data storage layer are received; the original information of medical waste is the address index of the medical waste data; the ciphertext is used to screen the accessing users.

[0049] Optionally, uploading the address index of the medical waste data to a block and connecting multiple blocks into a chain structure to obtain an index chain specifically includes:

[0050] Establishing an access control policy tree for the block;

[0051] The ciphertext and the original information of the medical waste are encrypted according to the access control policy tree, and the encrypted ciphertext and the original information of the medical waste are uploaded to the block; the chain structure formed by connecting multiple blocks is an index chain.

[0052] According to the specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0053] The present invention provides a traceable medical waste treatment system and method based on dual blockchains, wherein the medical waste data is stored through a data storage layer, and a first smart contract is deployed in an index chain, including an address index of medical waste data, a waste traceability code, and a waste electronic certificate, and when the current electronic certificate of the medical waste to be uploaded is consistent with the first certificate, the index chain receives the original information of the medical waste to be uploaded, thereby realizing the recording of the entire process of the medical waste circulation within the hospital. A second smart contract is deployed in the supervision chain, and the second smart contract includes medical institution information, transportation unit information, waste recycling unit information, and environmental supervision unit information, wherein when the current electronic certificate of the medical waste to be uploaded is consistent with the first certificate, the supervision chain updates the status information in the current electronic certificate of the medical waste to be uploaded, thereby obtaining a record of the entire process of the medical waste circulation outside the hospital. At the same time, the visitors who access the index chain, the supervision chain, and the data storage layer are verified and screened through the smart contract layer to ensure the security of the data stored in the index chain, the supervision chain, and the data storage layer.

[0054] Since the blockchain technology used in the present invention is tamper-proof and traceable, it can guarantee the authenticity and integrity of the information on the chain to the greatest extent, and provide tracking and tracing services for medical waste based on the traceability code. In addition, by setting up electronic waste certificates, the correctness of the waste during the handover process can be guaranteed, and the supervision of various departments can be supported, thereby improving the supervision intensity and efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0056] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the traceable medical waste treatment system based on dual blockchains of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the index chain in the traceable medical waste treatment system based on dual blockchains of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 3 This is a block structure diagram of the index chain in the traceable medical waste treatment system based on dual blockchains of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the system model and node relationship of the traceable medical waste treatment system based on dual blockchains of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the process of the traceable medical waste treatment method based on dual blockchains of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 6 A module diagram established for the index chain of the traceable medical waste treatment method based on dual blockchains of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0063] The present invention utilizes the immutability of blockchain to ensure the authenticity and integrity of the data on the chain while also ensuring the security of the data; utilizes the traceability of blockchain to ensure that medical waste is traced using medical waste traceability codes as a carrier, and each link of medical waste processing, transportation, disposal, etc. is tracked and traced to achieve all-round network supervision; utilizes the decentralization of blockchain to ensure multi-party participation and multi-party joint supervision to improve overall efficiency; also utilizes on-chain and off-chain collaborative storage and the construction of access portals to solve the problem of limited on-chain storage space of the blockchain, so that users can perform quick query operations through the access portal; finally, the use of waste electronic certificates instead of traditional paper certificates ensures that in the traceability process, responsibilities can be clearly defined at each link.

[0064] In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0065] Embodiment 1

[0066] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides a traceable medical waste treatment system based on dual blockchains, and the system includes a smart contract layer, a blockchain layer, and a data storage layer. Among them, the blockchain layer includes an index chain and a supervision chain, and both the index chain and the supervision chain are alliance chains; the data storage layer is used to store medical waste data to solve the problem of limited blockchain storage space. Specifically, the data storage layer formulates different access control strategies for different types of medical waste data, and during the application process of the data storage layer, it is maintained by each hospital or medical transfer station. The medical waste data includes waste type, waste production time, waste quantity and waste weight.

[0067] The index chain is used to deploy a first smart contract, which includes original information of medical waste, a waste traceability code, a waste electronic certificate and a first upload control strategy; the original information of medical waste is an address index of the medical waste data; the first upload control strategy is: when the current electronic certificate of the medical waste to be uploaded is consistent with the first certificate, the original information of the medical waste to be uploaded is received; the first certificate is a waste electronic certificate obtained by tracing the waste traceability code of the medical waste to be uploaded.

[0068] Specifically, each block (node) in the index chain is maintained by each hospital or medical transfer station, and the index chain is responsible for recording the address index of medical waste data and the update status related to the data. The current electronic certificate records the generation status of medical waste data.

[0069] The supervision chain is used to deploy a second smart contract, which includes medical institution information, transportation unit information, waste recycling unit information, environmental protection supervision unit information and a second upload control strategy; the second upload control strategy is: when the current electronic certificate of the medical waste to be uploaded is consistent with the first certificate, the status information in the current electronic certificate of the medical waste to be uploaded is updated; the first certificate is a waste electronic certificate obtained by tracing the waste traceability code of the medical waste to be uploaded; the status information in the current electronic certificate includes collection status, transportation status and recycling status.

[0070] Specifically, the supervision chain is composed of various hospitals or medical transfer stations, transportation units, waste recycling units, and environmental protection supervision units, and is maintained by the above-mentioned multiple units to record the flow information of medical waste in the above-mentioned multiple units, realize the whole process monitoring of the flow of medical waste, and record the handover information in real time, and conduct comprehensive supervision of each link of medical waste treatment, transportation, disposal, etc., so that all participants in waste treatment upload corresponding data.

[0071] The smart contract layer is used to screen the visitors who access the blockchain layer and the data storage layer. Specifically, the smart contract layer ensures that only users who meet the relevant attribute requirements can obtain the corresponding data through a preset access control policy.

[0072] In a specific embodiment, the system further includes an application layer. The application layer is used to provide corresponding data interfaces for the collection of medical waste data, the transportation of medical waste, and the recycling of medical waste, and manage the electronic voucher of medical waste at each data interface. Specifically, the application layer is provided with a supervision system interface, a medical waste collection management interface, a medical waste transportation management interface, and a medical waste recycling management interface.

[0073] Preferably, if Figure 2 As shown, the circulation and storage of medical waste information in the entire system include two paths, on the blockchain and off the blockchain. Among them, under the blockchain, medical waste information is stored in the database (data storage layer). On the blockchain, in order to facilitate the update operation of relevant data on the blockchain, the index chain includes a main chain, a derivative chain and an access entrance. The main chain includes multiple blocks, one of which corresponds to a medical transfer station or a hospital, and one of which is used to record the original medical waste information uploaded by a medical transfer station, as well as the change time of the original medical waste information; the original medical waste information is the address index of the medical waste data. Specifically, the blocks in the main chain can also record all state changes of medical waste data uploaded by a medical transfer station since its creation, and sort all changes in the order of occurrence.

[0074] The derivative chain is a chain structure obtained by connecting the blocks with the same original medical waste information on the main chain using hash pointers; the chain records all the state changes of the medical waste data since its creation in chronological order, and one medical waste data has only one derivative chain. By setting up the derivative chain, the process of medical waste data circulating within the hospital (in the index chain) can be accurately and quickly obtained.

[0075] The access entry is set outside the main chain and / or the derivative chain, and the access entry communicates with the block in the main chain. The access entry is used to provide an entry for accessing the data stored in the block, so that the corresponding waste traceability code can be quickly located when querying. At the same time, outsiders can also perform recovery and traceability operations through the data in the access entry block, and update in real time according to the changes in the index chain.

[0076] Furthermore, the structure of the index chain is as follows Figure 3As shown in the figure, the Derivative Chain Hash in the block header is a hash pointer connected to the previous state of the data, and the Main Chain Hash is a hash pointer pointing to the previous block. The main part of the index chain is constructed through these two pointers. The other components are shown in Table 1.

[0077] Table 1 Index chain component table

[0078]

[0079]

[0080] Furthermore, the blocks in the main chain include first-class blocks and second-class blocks. Among them, the first-class blocks are used to: 1) obtain medical waste data; 2) encrypt the medical waste data and determine the key; 3) store the encrypted medical waste data in the data storage layer, and determine the address index of the medical waste data. Specifically, the first-class blocks are nodes with relatively low computing power in the hospital, which are mainly responsible for recording medical waste data and maintaining the index chain. The first-class blocks encrypt the medical waste data and store it in the data storage layer, and then upload its address index, key and other data to the index chain for query operations.

[0081] The second type of block communicates with the first type of block and the supervision chain respectively, and the second type of block is used to: 1) obtain the current status of the medical waste data from the first type of block; the current status of the medical waste includes the medical transfer station where the medical waste is uploaded and the upload time, the current medical transfer station where the medical waste is located, and the waste electronic certificate of the medical waste data; 2) update the current status of the medical waste data, and then upload the updated current status of the medical waste data to the supervision chain. Specifically, the second type of block is a node with high computing power in the hospital, and is added to the index chain and the supervision chain at the same time, which is used to connect the index chain and the supervision chain, which is conducive to data transmission between institutions. The second type of block is responsible for updating the access entrance according to the data on the chain in the index chain, and is responsible for recording the waste process in the supervision chain.

[0082] In addition, the supervision chain is equipped with a transportation department block, a medical waste recycling management department, etc., which are responsible for maintaining the supervision chain and recording the waste flow process and updating the status information in the electronic certificate. The supervision node is connected to the supervision chain to verify whether the data recorded by each department on the supervision chain is consistent according to the waste traceability code, and whether the waste information on the supervision chain is consistent with the original information data in the index chain.

[0083] like Figure 4As shown, when the traceable medical waste treatment system based on the dual blockchain of the present invention is working, an index chain is formed by a plurality of common hospital nodes such as Hospital A and Hospital B, and the storage location of the relevant data and which medical transfer stations the medical waste has passed through in the hospital and what kind of treatment has been performed are queried at the access entrance of the index chain using the waste traceability code.

[0084] The supervision chain is composed of multiple hospital super nodes, supervision nodes, recycling units, and transportation units. The waste traceability code is used to query a series of information uploaded by various departments about the waste. By connecting the information in series, a series of operations after the waste flows out of the hospital can be constructed, and the authenticity of the information stored on the chain can be verified by comparing the information uploaded by each department.

[0085] The present invention combines the index chain and the supervision chain to trace the flow of all wastes and can be supervised by all participants.

[0086] Embodiment 2

[0087] like Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a traceable medical waste treatment method based on dual blockchains, including:

[0088] Step 100, storing the medical waste data uploaded by each medical transfer station in the data storage layer, and storing the address index of the medical waste data in the index chain.

[0089] Step 200, determine the waste traceability code and waste electronic certificate corresponding to the medical waste data, and upload the waste traceability code and waste electronic certificate to the index chain. Specifically, in a medical institution, medical workers collect the generated medical waste and record the corresponding raw material waste data (processing personnel, type, output time, quantity and weight, etc.), assign it a unique waste traceability code and generate a waste electronic certificate, and then upload the relevant information to the index chain.

[0090] Preferably, the traceable medical waste treatment method further includes: 1) after the medical waste is delivered to the medical transfer station, the waste electronic certificate of the medical waste is verified; specifically, whether the current electronic certificate of the medical waste to be uploaded is consistent with the first certificate, and when the two are consistent, the original medical waste information of the medical waste to be uploaded is received; when the two are inconsistent, a registration error reminder is issued. 2) after the waste electronic certificate of the medical waste is verified, the medical waste is classified according to the waste electronic certificate, and the status data in the waste electronic certificate is updated, and then the updated waste electronic certificate is uploaded to the index chain. Specifically, in a medical institution, medical workers deliver medical waste to the transfer point. After the transfer point staff confirms the waste electronic certificate information, they classify the relevant waste according to the waste electronic certificate, and update the status data (medical waste type) in the electronic certificate, and finally upload the latest data to the index chain.

[0091] Step 300, when the medical waste is in the process of transportation, the transportation unit information is uploaded to the supervision chain, and the waste electronic certificate of the medical waste is updated; the transportation unit information includes the start time of medical waste transportation, the end time of medical waste transportation, the transportation route of medical waste and the target waste recycling unit of medical waste. Specifically, when the medical waste is transported into the transportation unit, it is also necessary to verify whether the current electronic certificate of the medical waste to be uploaded is consistent with the first certificate. When the two are consistent, the medical waste is placed in the transport vehicle, and the original medical waste information of the medical waste to be uploaded is received in the supervision chain; when the two are inconsistent, a registration error reminder is issued.

[0092] Step 400, when the medical waste arrives at the target waste recycling unit, the waste recycling unit information is uploaded to the supervision chain, and the waste electronic certificate of the medical waste is verified and updated; the waste recycling unit information includes the recycling treatment type of the medical waste, and also includes the receiving time of the medical waste. After receiving the waste and verifying that the electronic certificate information is correct, the waste is processed accordingly, such as recycling, harmless treatment, etc. Specifically, verify whether the current electronic certificate of the medical waste to be uploaded to the waste recycling unit is consistent with the first certificate. When the two are consistent, the waste recycling unit receives the medical waste and receives the original medical waste information of the medical waste to be uploaded in the supervision chain; when the two are inconsistent, a registration error reminder is issued.

[0093] Among them, the waste traceability code is equivalent to the unique identification of medical waste and is used to ensure the authenticity of the data. The role of the waste electronic certificate is to provide each handover personnel with a label that can be used for verification. After verifying the authenticity, the electronic certificate status information will be updated according to the corresponding operations. Its status includes: generation, collection, transportation, recycling, harmless disposal, abnormality, etc.

[0094] Furthermore, the process of establishing the index chain specifically includes:

[0095] 1) Assigning a traceability code to the medical waste data to obtain a waste traceability code and a corresponding waste electronic certificate.

[0096] 2) Encrypting the medical waste data, and storing the encrypted medical waste data in the data storage layer, and determining the address index of the medical waste data, that is, the encrypted medical waste data is stored in the data storage layer.

[0097] 3) The address index of the medical waste data is uploaded to the block; the chain structure formed by connecting multiple blocks is the index chain. That is, the address index of the medical waste data generated by each medical transfer station is recorded in the index chain, and the derivative chain is modified and recorded accordingly according to different operations, so that all medical waste is registered.

[0098] Specifically, Figure 6 As shown, steps 2) and 3) of establishing the above index chain specifically include:

[0099] 1) The authorization center initializes the system and registers the nodes of the index chain, and determines the user identity UID of each block in the index chain.

[0100] 2) Receive the system master key M issued by the authorization center k And the system public parameter PP, for each block, determine the block attribute set S of the block u ; Each block attribute set corresponds one-to-one to the block’s user identity UID.

[0101] Based on the above data, according to the block attribute set S u , the system master key M k and the system public parameter PP, calculate the block private key S K ,KeyGen(PP,M K ,S U ) → S K .

[0102] 3) According to the access control module, establish the access control strategy tree of the block, StrGen(S U )→T.

[0103] 4) According to the block private key S K Determine a random symmetric encryption key r, encrypt the medical waste data according to the random symmetric encryption key r, and send the encrypted medical waste data to the data storage layer (database).

[0104] 5) The data storage layer sends the corresponding ciphertext C and the original information of medical waste; the original information of medical waste is the address index add of the medical waste data, Enc(T,r)→C r ,Add; the ciphertext C is used to screen the accessing users.

[0105] 6) Encrypting the ciphertext and the original information of the medical waste according to the access control policy tree, and uploading the encrypted ciphertext and the original information of the medical waste to a block; a chain structure formed by connecting multiple blocks is an index chain.

[0106] 7) The relevant ciphertext can be queried on the index chain. Only data requesters who meet the access attributes can decrypt the relevant data and then query the relevant information in the data storage layer. Among them, the environmental protection department and the regulatory department will have sufficient authority to query all content in order to supervise each department.

[0107] In this embodiment, the waste traceability code is used as a query condition to perform traceability operations in two chains (index chain and supervision chain). In the index chain, the waste traceability code is used to query the storage location of the relevant data at the access entrance, and then the original information and status changes of the medical waste collected in the hospital are queried in the data storage layer. In the supervision chain, the waste traceability code is used to query a series of operation information uploaded by various departments about the waste. By connecting the information in series, a series of operations after the medical waste flows out of the hospital is constructed, and the information uploaded by each department can be compared to verify whether the information stored on the chain is true.

[0108] The present invention uses a dual-blockchain-based traceable medical waste treatment method. Through the use of blockchain, the waste traceability code is used as a carrier for information transmission. Through the traceability code of a dedicated person, data is collected and monitored, and each link of the treatment, transportation, and disposal of medical waste is tracked and confirmed. It realizes multi-party all-round network supervision and promotes the informatization and refined management of medical waste. It comprehensively realizes the medical waste information management system, the hazardous medical waste circulation system, the hazardous medical waste management and control system, and the hazardous medical waste traceability and tracking system, which is conducive to the systematization and persistent preservation of information. And because of the use of distributed accounting and storage, there is no centralized hardware or management agency, and the data blocks in the system are jointly maintained by the nodes with maintenance functions in the entire system.

[0109] Compared with the prior art, the present invention also has the following advantages:

[0110] The dual-chain structure used in the present invention ensures the data security of each node and can effectively supervise the data on the chain. At the same time, it is based on information transmission, thereby generating value and trust transmission, providing a reliable solution for the supervision and disposal of medical waste.

[0111] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0112] The principles and implementation methods of the present invention are described in this article using specific examples. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A traceable medical waste treatment system based on dual blockchains, characterized in that: The traceable medical waste treatment system includes a smart contract layer, a blockchain layer and a data storage layer; the blockchain layer includes an index chain and a supervision chain; The data storage layer is used to store medical waste data; The index chain is used to deploy a first smart contract, which includes original information of medical waste, a waste traceability code, a waste electronic certificate and a first upload control strategy; the original information of medical waste is an address index of the medical waste data; the first upload control strategy is: when the current electronic certificate of the medical waste to be uploaded is consistent with the first certificate, the original information of the medical waste to be uploaded is received; the first certificate is a waste electronic certificate obtained by tracing the waste traceability code of the medical waste to be uploaded; The chain of custody is used to deploy a second smart contract, which includes medical institution information, transportation unit information, waste recycling unit information, environmental protection supervision unit information and a second upload control strategy; the second upload control strategy is: when the current electronic certificate of the medical waste to be uploaded is consistent with the first certificate, the status information in the current electronic certificate of the medical waste to be uploaded is updated; the first certificate is a waste electronic certificate obtained by tracing the waste traceability code of the medical waste to be uploaded; the status information in the current electronic certificate includes collection status, transportation status and recycling status; A smart contract layer, used to screen visitors to the blockchain layer and the data storage layer; The index chain includes a main chain, a derivative chain and an access entry; the main chain includes a plurality of blocks, one of which is used to record the original information of medical waste uploaded by a medical transfer station and the change time of the original information of medical waste; the derivative chain is a chain structure obtained by connecting the blocks with the same original information of medical waste on the main chain by using a hash pointer; the access entry communicates with the main chain, and is used to provide an entry for accessing the data stored in the block; The blocks in the main chain include first-type blocks and second-type blocks; The first type of block is used to: obtain medical waste data; encrypt the medical waste data and determine the key; store the encrypted medical waste data in the data storage layer and determine the address index of the medical waste data; The second type of blocks communicate with the first type of blocks and the custody chain respectively, and the second type of blocks are used to: obtain the current status of the medical waste data from the first type of blocks; the current status of the medical waste includes the medical transfer station where the medical waste is uploaded and the upload time, the current medical transfer station where the medical waste is located, and the waste electronic certificate of the medical waste data; update the current status of the medical waste data, and then upload the updated current status of the medical waste data to the custody chain.

2. The dual-blockchain-based traceable medical waste treatment system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The traceable medical waste treatment system also includes an application layer; The application layer is used to provide corresponding data interfaces for the collection of medical waste data, the transportation of medical waste and the recycling of medical waste, and to manage the electronic credentials of medical waste at each data interface.

3. The dual-blockchain-based traceable medical waste treatment system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The index chain and the supervision chain are both alliance chains.

4. A traceable medical waste treatment method based on dual blockchains, characterized in that: The traceable medical waste treatment method comprises: The medical waste data uploaded by each medical transfer station is stored in the data storage layer, and the address index of the medical waste data is stored in the index chain; Determine the waste traceability code and the waste electronic certificate corresponding to the medical waste data, and upload the waste traceability code and the waste electronic certificate to the index chain; When medical waste is in the process of transportation, the transportation unit information is uploaded to the chain of custody, and the waste electronic certificate of the medical waste is updated; the transportation unit information includes the start time of medical waste transportation, the end time of medical waste transportation, the transportation route of medical waste and the target waste recycling unit of the medical waste; When the medical waste arrives at the target waste recycling unit, the waste recycling unit information is uploaded to the custody chain, and the waste electronic certificate of the medical waste is verified and updated; the waste recycling unit information includes the recycling treatment type of the medical waste; The index chain includes a main chain, a derivative chain and an access entry; the main chain includes a plurality of blocks, one of which is used to record the original information of medical waste uploaded by a medical transfer station and the change time of the original information of medical waste; the derivative chain is a chain structure obtained by connecting the blocks with the same original information of medical waste on the main chain by using a hash pointer; the access entry communicates with the main chain, and is used to provide an entry for accessing the data stored in the block; The blocks in the main chain include first-type blocks and second-type blocks; The first type of block is used to: obtain medical waste data; encrypt the medical waste data and determine the key; store the encrypted medical waste data in the data storage layer and determine the address index of the medical waste data; The second type of blocks communicate with the first type of blocks and the custody chain respectively, and the second type of blocks are used to: obtain the current status of the medical waste data from the first type of blocks; the current status of the medical waste includes the medical transfer station where the medical waste is uploaded and the upload time, the current medical transfer station where the medical waste is located, and the waste electronic certificate of the medical waste data; update the current status of the medical waste data, and then upload the updated current status of the medical waste data to the custody chain.

5. The traceable medical waste treatment method based on dual blockchain according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The traceable medical waste treatment method further comprises: After the medical waste is delivered to the medical transfer station, the electronic waste certificate of the medical waste is verified; When the electronic waste certificate of the medical waste is verified, the medical waste is classified according to the electronic waste certificate, and the status data in the electronic waste certificate is updated, and then the updated electronic waste certificate is uploaded to the index chain.

6. The traceable medical waste treatment method based on dual blockchain according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The process of establishing the index chain specifically includes: Assigning a traceability code to the medical waste data to obtain a waste traceability code and a corresponding waste electronic certificate; Encrypting the medical waste data, storing the encrypted medical waste data in a data storage layer, and determining an address index of the medical waste data; The address index of the medical waste data is uploaded to the block; a chain structure formed by connecting multiple blocks is an index chain.

7. The traceable medical waste treatment method based on dual blockchain according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The step of encrypting the medical waste data and storing the encrypted medical waste data in a data storage layer, and determining an address index of the medical waste data, specifically includes: Receive the system master key and system public parameters issued by the authorization center; For each block, determining a block attribute set of the block; Calculate a block private key according to the block attribute set, the system master key and the system public parameters; Determining a random symmetric encryption key based on the block private key; encrypting the medical waste data according to the random symmetric encryption key, and sending the encrypted medical waste data to the data storage layer; The ciphertext and original information of medical waste sent by the data storage layer are received; the original information of medical waste is the address index of the medical waste data; the ciphertext is used to screen the accessing users.

8. The traceable medical waste treatment method based on dual blockchain according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The step of uploading the address index of the medical waste data to a block and connecting multiple blocks into a chain structure to obtain an index chain specifically includes: Establishing an access control policy tree for the block; The ciphertext and the original information of the medical waste are encrypted according to the access control policy tree, and the encrypted ciphertext and the original information of the medical waste are uploaded to the block; the chain structure formed by connecting multiple blocks is an index chain.

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