A multi-angle femoral osteotomy guide capable of protecting ligaments and a method of using the same

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and discloses a multi-angle femoral osteotomy guide capable of protecting ligaments and a method of using the same, wherein the multi-angle femoral osteotomy guide capable of protecting ligaments comprises a gap positioning block and an osteotomy guide, wherein the gap positioning block extends in one direction and is configured with a positioning direction consistent with the direction, the gap positioning block has a positioning end and a mounting end sequentially arranged along the positioning direction, and the femoral osteotomy guide can be inserted into the bone joint along the positioning direction through the positioning end; the osteotomy guide is detachably slidably connected to the mounting end of the gap positioning block, and can be moved along the positioning direction on the gap positioning block, so that the gap positioning block can be detached from the osteotomy guide in a direction opposite to the positioning direction. The present invention adopts a connection structure in which the gap positioning block and the osteotomy guide can be installed and detached along the positioning direction, so that the oscillating saw will not touch the ligament when osteotomizing the distal end of the femur, thereby effectively protecting the ligament.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular relates to a multi-angle femoral osteotomy guide capable of protecting ligaments and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The structure of the osteotomy guide of the existing unicompartmental knee joint femur is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it is a split structure, including a knee joint gap positioning device and a distal femoral osteotomy device. When the two components are combined and connected, one end of the joint gap positioning device needs to be passed through the connecting hole of the distal femoral osteotomy device, and the joint gap positioning device is also provided with a limit plate, which is used to block the limit when inserted into the joint, so that it can be used after the combination, and the setting of the limit plate also limits the inseparable after the osteotomy fixer is fixed.

[0003] However, the osteotomy guide can only perform femoral osteotomy when the knee joint is fully extended. When osteotomy is performed when the knee joint is fully extended, a retractor is needed to protect the collateral ligament, otherwise the collateral ligament and cruciate ligament are easily injured. The use of the retractor requires the help of an assistant, which increases manpower. If the retractor is used improperly, it will also injure the collateral ligament. At the same time, it can only be straightened to perform osteotomy in the neutral position, and cannot perform osteotomy in the flexion position. In addition, for patients with severe wear of the distal femur, the osteotomy guide only has one nail hole and cannot be effectively fixed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-angle femoral osteotomy guide that can protect ligaments, so as to solve the problem that the existing osteotomy guide can only perform femoral osteotomy when the knee joint is fully extended, which may easily damage the ligaments; the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for using a multi-angle femoral osteotomy guide based on protecting ligaments, through which the operation can be performed better and more accurately.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] On the one hand, a multi-angle femoral osteotomy guide capable of protecting ligaments is provided, comprising a gap positioning block and an osteotomy guide, wherein the gap positioning block extends in one direction and has a positioning direction consistent with the direction, the gap positioning block has a positioning end and a mounting end sequentially arranged along the positioning direction, and the femoral osteotomy guide can be inserted into the bone joint along the positioning direction through the positioning end;

[0007] The osteotomy guide is detachably slidably connected to the mounting end of the gap positioning block and can be moved along the positioning direction on the gap positioning block, so that the gap positioning block can be detached from the osteotomy guide along a direction opposite to the positioning direction.

[0008] In a possible implementation, the osteotomy guide is connected to the gap positioning block via a sliding snap-fit ​​structure.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the sliding card structure includes a long card block fixed to the mounting end along the positioning direction, and the bottom of the osteotomy guide is provided with a card slot adapted to the long card block, and the rear end of the card slot is open for the long card block to slide and snap in.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the cross-section of the long card block is an inverted trapezoid.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the mounting end of the gap positioning block further has a handle for holding.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the osteotomy guide has an osteotomy guide groove for the osteotomy saw to pass through and at least one fixing hole for connecting to the femur.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the fixing holes are provided in two rows, an upper row and an lower row, and the number of the fixing holes in the lower row is greater than the number of the fixing holes in the upper row.

[0014] In a possible implementation, there are four fixing holes in total, three fixing holes in the lower row and one fixing hole in the upper row.

[0015] The technical solution connects the gap positioning block and the osteotomy guide in a sliding and detachable manner. After the osteotomy guide is fixed by the cooperation of the gap positioning block, the gap positioning block can be detached from the osteotomy guide in a direction opposite to the positioning direction. Then, the knee joint can be flexed to a flexion position after the collateral ligament and the cruciate ligament are moved posteriorly to perform osteotomy, thereby avoiding injury to the ligaments during osteotomy. Compared with the existing osteotomy guide, more angles and better osteotomies can be achieved, which greatly improves practicality and avoids the need for manual assistance with retractors.

[0016] On the other hand, a method for using a multi-angle femoral osteotomy guide capable of protecting ligaments based on any of the above technical solutions is also provided, and the method for using comprises the following steps:

[0017] Step S1: assembling the osteotomy guide on the gap positioning block;

[0018] Step S2: inserting the femoral osteotomy guide into the bone joint along the positioning direction through the positioning end of the gap positioning block, and fixing the osteotomy guide to the femur;

[0019] Step S3: detaching the gap positioning block from the osteotomy guide in a direction opposite to the positioning direction;

[0020] Step S4: Flex the knee joint to 110°-130°, and after the collateral ligament and cruciate ligament are moved posteriorly, use an oscillating saw to perform osteotomy along the osteotomy guide groove of the osteotomy guide.

[0021] In a possible implementation, in step S4 , the knee joint is flexed to 120°.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The multi-angle femoral osteotomy guide capable of protecting ligaments of the present invention adopts a connection structure in which a gap positioning block and an osteotomy guide can be installed and detached along a positioning direction. When performing femoral osteotomy, it is not necessary to place the patient in a neutral position, and the osteotomy guide can be positioned with the knee joint extended. After positioning, the gap positioning block can be detached in a direction opposite to the positioning direction, and then the knee joint can be freely flexed. When the knee joint is flexed to 120 degrees, the collateral ligaments and the cruciate ligaments move posteriorly, so the oscillating saw will not touch the ligaments when performing osteotomy on the distal end of the femur, thereby effectively protecting the ligaments.

[0024] Moreover, since the gap positioning block and the osteotomy guide are detachable, it is convenient to freely remove and place the osteotomy guide after positioning it. If it is determined that there is a problem with the gap and you want to increase the gap, you can remove the thinner gap positioning block and replace it with a thicker gap positioning block, which is more practical and convenient.

[0025] In addition, the multi-nail hole design of the osteotomy guide can ensure the stability of the femoral osteotomy guide fixation.

[0026] The invention discloses a method for using a multi-angle femoral osteotomy guide capable of protecting ligaments. By operating the femoral osteotomy guide in this way, a more accurate and convenient osteotomy operation can be achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an existing femoral osteotomy guide;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a multi-angle femoral osteotomy guide that can protect ligaments according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-angle femoral osteotomy guide capable of protecting ligaments according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a gap positioning block of a multi-angle femoral osteotomy guide capable of protecting ligaments in an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] In the figure: 1-gap positioning block; 11-positioning end; 12-installation end; 13-handle; 14-long clamping block; 2-osteotomy guide; 21-osteotomy guide groove; 22-fixing hole; 23-slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0033] The structure of the osteotomy guide of the existing unicompartmental knee joint femur is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it is a split structure, including a knee joint gap positioning device and a distal femoral osteotomy device. When the two components are combined and connected, one end of the joint gap positioning device needs to be passed through the connecting hole of the distal femoral osteotomy device, and the joint gap positioning device is also provided with a limit plate, which is used to block the limit when inserted into the joint, so that it can be used after the combination, and the setting of the limit plate also limits the inseparable after the osteotomy fixer is fixed.

[0034] However, the osteotomy guide can only be used for femoral osteotomy when the knee joint is fully extended. When osteotomy is performed when the knee joint is fully extended, a retractor is needed to protect the collateral ligament, otherwise the collateral ligament and the cruciate ligament are easily injured. In addition, the use of the retractor for protection requires the help of an assistant, which increases manpower. If the retractor is used improperly, it will also injure the collateral ligament. At the same time, osteotomy can only be performed in the neutral position when the knee joint is straightened, and osteotomy in the flexed position cannot be achieved.

[0035] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present application is to connect the gap positioning block and the osteotomy guide in a sliding and detachable manner. After the osteotomy guide is fixed by the cooperation of the gap positioning block, the gap positioning block can be detached from the osteotomy guide in a direction opposite to the positioning direction. Then, the knee joint can be flexed to the flexion position after the collateral ligament and the cruciate ligament are moved posteriorly for osteotomy, thereby avoiding damage to the ligaments during osteotomy. Compared with the existing osteotomy guide, more angles and better osteotomy can be achieved, which greatly improves practicality and avoids the need for human assistance with a retractor.

[0036] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 2-4As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a multi-angle femoral osteotomy guide that can protect ligaments, including a gap positioning block 1 and an osteotomy guide 2. The gap positioning block 1 extends in a direction and has a positioning direction consistent with the direction. The gap positioning block 1 has a positioning end 11 and a mounting end 12 arranged in sequence along the positioning direction. The femoral osteotomy guide can be inserted into the bone joint along the positioning direction through the positioning end 11.

[0038] Among them, the gap positioning block 1 has a positioning direction, and the positioning direction is used for the gap positioning block 1 to be inserted into the knee joint in this direction for better positioning, and the positioning direction is usually consistent with the length direction of the gap positioning block 1 or the central axis parallel to the length direction, that is, the extension direction of the gap positioning block 1, so that the femoral osteotomy guide can be inserted into the knee joint along the positioning direction; the positioning end 11 and the mounting end 12 of the gap positioning block 1 are also arranged in sequence along the positioning direction, and the positioning end 11 is used to be removed into the knee joint, and the mounting end 12 is used to install the osteotomy guide 2.

[0039] The embodiment of the present application is a multi-angle femoral osteotomy guide that can protect ligaments. The osteotomy guide 2 is detachably slidably connected to the mounting end 12 of the gap positioning block 1, and can be moved along the positioning direction on the gap positioning block 1, so that the gap positioning block 1 can be detached from the osteotomy guide 2 along the direction opposite to the positioning direction.

[0040] The osteotomy guide 2 and the gap positioning block 1 can be disassembled from each other, and during disassembly, the osteotomy guide 2 can be disassembled in the opposite direction to the positioning direction, so that after the osteotomy guide 2 is fixed, it can be disassembled in a manner that does not affect the knee joint, thereby facilitating osteotomy in the flexion position when the collateral ligament and the cruciate ligament are posteriorly displaced, thereby achieving the purpose of not damaging the ligament and protecting the ligament. Of course, the osteotomy guide 2 can also perform osteotomy when the knee joint is fully extended like the existing osteotomy guide 2, thereby realizing the function of multi-angle osteotomy, but in actual implementation, it is preferred to perform osteotomy in the flexion position.

[0041] Since the gap positioning block 1 and the osteotomy guide 2 are detachable, it is also convenient to freely take out and place the osteotomy guide 2 after positioning. If it is determined that there is a problem with the gap and you want to increase the gap, you can take out the thinner gap positioning block 1 and replace it with a thicker gap positioning block 1, which is more practical and convenient.

[0042] Through the above technical scheme, a connection structure that can be installed and detached along the positioning direction of the gap positioning block 1 and the osteotomy guide 2 is adopted. When performing femoral osteotomy, it is not necessary to place the patient in a neutral position. The osteotomy guide 2 can be positioned with the knee joint straight. After positioning, the gap positioning block 1 is detached in the direction opposite to the positioning direction, and then the knee joint is freely flexed. When the knee joint is flexed to the flexion position where the collateral ligament and the cruciate ligament are posteriorly moved, osteotomy can be performed. In this way, the oscillating saw will not touch the ligament when performing osteotomy on the distal end of the femur, thereby effectively protecting the ligament.

[0043] In one embodiment, the osteotomy guide 2 is connected to the gap positioning block 1 via a sliding snap-fit ​​structure.

[0044] The setting of the sliding clamping structure can facilitate the gap positioning block 1 to be detached from the osteotomy guide 2 in the direction opposite to the positioning direction, and can facilitate the osteotomy guide 2 to be installed on the gap positioning block 1 in the positioning direction, which is more convenient. The sliding clamping structure can adopt other existing clamping structures that can achieve this function, and can also adopt the implementation structure of this application, without limitation.

[0045] In one implementation structure of the sliding snap-fit ​​structure, the sliding snap-fit ​​structure includes a long card block 14 fixed to the mounting end 12 along the positioning direction, and a card slot 23 adapted to the long card block 14 is provided at the bottom of the osteotomy guide 2, and the rear end of the card slot 23 is open for the long card block 14 to slide and snap in.

[0046] In this way, through the long card block 14 which is parallel to the positioning direction, the osteotomy guide 2 can be detached in the direction opposite to the positioning direction when detached, and can be installed on the gap positioning block 1 along the positioning direction when installed, which is more practical and convenient.

[0047] Specifically, the cross section of the long card block 14 is an inverted trapezoid. The inverted trapezoidal long card block 14 is similar to a wedge, and such a structure can play a better connection role after connection and is more stable.

[0048] In order to facilitate the user to operate the femoral osteotomy guide, further, the mounting end 12 of the gap positioning block 1 also has a handle 13 for holding.

[0049] In the embodiment of the present application, the osteotomy guide 2 has an osteotomy guide groove 21 for the osteotomy saw to pass through and at least one fixing hole 22 for connecting to the femur.

[0050] In this way, the osteotomy guide groove 21 can facilitate the osteotomy saw to perform a stable osteotomy operation, and the fixing hole 22 can facilitate the osteotomy guide 2 to be fixed on the femur, making the osteotomy guide 2 more stable.

[0051] Further, the fixing holes 22 are provided in two rows, the number of holes in the lower row of fixing holes 22 is greater than the number of holes in the upper row of fixing holes 22. In this way, the two rows of fixing holes 22 can play a better fixing effect, and the osteotomy guide 2 is fixed more firmly.

[0052] Specifically, there are four fixing holes 22, three fixing holes 22 in the lower row, and one fixing hole 22 in the upper row. The fixing holes 22 are nail holes, and such a nail hole design can ensure that the osteotomy guide 2 is more stably fixed when too much cartilage is missing at the distal end of the femur.

[0053] The multi-angle femoral osteotomy guide capable of protecting ligaments in this embodiment has the following beneficial effects:

[0054] The multi-angle femoral osteotomy guide capable of protecting ligaments of the present invention adopts a connection structure in which a gap positioning block and an osteotomy guide can be installed and detached along a positioning direction. When performing femoral osteotomy, it is not necessary to place the patient in a neutral position, and the osteotomy guide can be positioned with the knee joint extended. After positioning, the gap positioning block can be detached in a direction opposite to the positioning direction, and then the knee joint can be freely flexed. When the knee joint is flexed to 120 degrees, the collateral ligaments and the cruciate ligaments move posteriorly, so the oscillating saw will not touch the ligaments when performing osteotomy on the distal end of the femur, thereby effectively protecting the ligaments.

[0055] Moreover, since the gap positioning block and the osteotomy guide are detachable, it is convenient to freely remove and place the osteotomy guide after positioning it. If it is determined that there is a problem with the gap and you want to increase the gap, you can remove the thinner gap positioning block and replace it with a thicker gap positioning block, which is more practical and convenient.

[0056] In addition, the multi-nail hole design of the osteotomy guide can ensure the stability of the femoral osteotomy guide fixation.

[0057] The embodiment of the present application also provides a method for using a multi-angle femoral osteotomy guide capable of protecting ligaments based on any of the above technical solutions, and the method for using comprises the following steps:

[0058] Step S1: assembling the osteotomy guide 2 on the gap positioning block 1;

[0059] Step S2: inserting the femoral osteotomy guide into the bone joint along the positioning direction through the positioning end 11 of the gap positioning block 1, and fixing the osteotomy guide 2 to the femur;

[0060] Step S3: detaching the gap positioning block 1 from the osteotomy guide 2 in a direction opposite to the positioning direction;

[0061] Step S4: flex the knee joint to 110°-130°, and after the collateral ligament and the cruciate ligament are moved posteriorly, use an oscillating saw to perform osteotomy along the osteotomy guide groove 21 of the osteotomy guide 2.

[0062] Specifically, in step S4, the knee joint is flexed to 120°.

[0063] Through the above-mentioned usage method, the osteotomy operation can be performed better and more accurately to protect the ligaments from injury.

[0064] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-angle femoral osteotomy guide capable of protecting ligaments, comprising a gap positioning block (1) and an osteotomy guide (2), characterized in that: The gap positioning block (1) extends in a direction and has a positioning direction consistent with the direction. The gap positioning block (1) has a positioning end (11) and a mounting end (12) arranged in sequence along the positioning direction. The femoral osteotomy guide can be inserted into the bone joint along the positioning direction through the positioning end (11); The osteotomy guide (2) is detachably slidably connected to the mounting end (12) of the gap positioning block (1), and can be moved along the positioning direction on the gap positioning block (1), so that the gap positioning block (1) can be detached from the osteotomy guide (2) in a direction opposite to the positioning direction; The osteotomy guide (2) is connected to the gap positioning block (1) via a sliding clamping structure; The sliding clamping structure comprises a long clamping block (14) fixed to the mounting end (12) along the positioning direction, and a clamping groove (23) adapted to the long clamping block (14) is provided at the bottom of the osteotomy guide (2), and the rear end of the clamping groove (23) is open to allow the long clamping block (14) to slide in. The cross section of the long card block (14) is an inverted trapezoid.

2. A multi-angle femoral osteotomy guide capable of protecting ligaments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting end (12) of the gap positioning block (1) also has a handle (13) for holding.

3. A multi-angle femoral osteotomy guide capable of protecting ligaments according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The osteotomy guide (2) comprises an osteotomy guide groove (21) for the osteotomy saw to pass through and at least one fixing hole (22) for connecting to the femur.

4. A multi-angle femoral osteotomy guide capable of protecting ligaments according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixing holes (22) are arranged in two rows, one above the other, and the number of holes in the lower row of fixing holes (22) is greater than the number of holes in the upper row of fixing holes (22).

5. A multi-angle femoral osteotomy guide capable of protecting ligaments according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are four fixing holes (22) in total, three fixing holes (22) in the lower row and one fixing hole (22) in the upper row.

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