Turbocharger and engine

Abstract

The present invention discloses a turbocharger and an engine, belonging to the technical field of turbochargers. The turbocharger includes a turbine, a rotor shaft, a main body, a radial-thrust bearing and an impeller; the radial-thrust bearing includes a radial dynamic pressure bearing and a thrust dynamic pressure bearing, the rotor shaft passes through the radial dynamic pressure bearing and the thrust dynamic pressure bearing, and the radial dynamic pressure bearing includes: a bearing sleeve, which is provided with a receiving cavity; a first elastic wave foil, which is arranged in the receiving cavity, and a plurality of first arc-shaped protrusions are arranged circumferentially on the first elastic wave foil; a first top foil, which is arranged in the receiving cavity and covers the first elastic wave foil, and the first top foil includes a plurality of connected first folded edges, and a plurality of the first arc-shaped protrusions are abutted against a plurality of the first folded edges in a one-to-one correspondence. The present invention simplifies the accessory structure of the turbocharger and improves the shock absorption performance of the radial-thrust bearing of the turbocharger.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of turbochargers, and in particular to a turbocharger and an engine. Background Art

[0002] The exhaust gas discharged by the fuel engine has the characteristics of high temperature, high speed and high pressure, which can drive the turbine to rotate and further drive the impeller to produce a supercharged effect on the intake manifold of the fuel engine, thereby increasing the engine's intake volume and efficiency, which is beneficial to the full mixing and combustion of the fuel, and is beneficial to the improvement of engine power, while also beneficial to reducing fuel consumption.

[0003] At present, the bearings of turbochargers usually adopt rolling bearings or air bearings connected with an air pump. First, rolling bearings have the following problems: rolling bearings inevitably leak oil due to the use of lubricating oil, which leads to the leakage of engine oil through the oil seal and the contamination of the working surface of the intercooler. Due to the existence of friction, the rotor speed is low, resulting in low efficiency. Second, air bearings connected with an air pump have the following problems: an air pump needs to be added to form an air model between the rotor shaft and the air bearing, which not only increases the complexity of the turbocharger, but also occupies part of the engine power due to the operation of the air pump. Third, the rotor bearing is easily affected by external vibrations, and the shock absorption effect is relatively poor.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to provide a turbocharger and an engine to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a turbocharger and an engine, simplify the accessory structure of the turbocharger, and improve the damping performance of the radial-thrust bearing.

[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, the following technical solutions are provided:

[0007] A turbocharger comprises a turbine, a rotor shaft, a main body, a radial-thrust bearing and an impeller; the radial-thrust bearing comprises a radial dynamic pressure bearing and a thrust dynamic pressure bearing, the rotor shaft passes through the radial dynamic pressure bearing and the thrust dynamic pressure bearing, and the radial dynamic pressure bearing comprises:

[0008] The bearing sleeve is provided with an accommodating cavity therethrough;

[0009] A first elastic wave foil is arranged in the accommodating cavity, and a plurality of first arc-shaped protrusions are arranged circumferentially on the first elastic wave foil;

[0010] The first top foil is arranged in the accommodating cavity and covers the first elastic wave foil. The first top foil includes a plurality of connected first folded edge portions, and a plurality of the first arc-shaped protrusions abut against a plurality of the first folded edge portions in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0011] As an optional solution for the turbocharger, at least two first elastic wave foils are provided, at least two first top foils are provided, the first top foils are provided with a connecting portion extending radially, the connecting portion is connected to the circumferential wall of the bearing sleeve, and the first elastic wave foils are located between the outer wall surface of the first top foils and the inner wall surface of the bearing sleeve.

[0012] As an optional solution for the turbocharger, the radial dynamic pressure bearing also includes a connecting pin, the circumferential wall of the bearing sleeve is provided with a tightening hole along the axial direction, the tightening hole is connected to the accommodating cavity, the connecting part is located in the tightening hole, and the connecting pin is inserted in the tightening hole and crimped with the connecting part.

[0013] As an optional solution for the turbocharger, a thrust plate is provided on the rotor shaft, and the thrust plate has two front and rear end faces, and at least one of the two end faces is provided with the thrust dynamic pressure bearing.

[0014] As an optional solution for a turbocharger, the thrust dynamic pressure bearing includes a second elastic wave foil, a second top foil and a bottom plate, the bottom plate is recessed with a fan-shaped mounting groove, the second elastic wave foil is arranged in the fan-shaped mounting groove, the second elastic wave foil is provided with a plurality of second arc-shaped protrusions, and the second top foil is connected to the bottom plate and covers the plurality of second arc-shaped protrusions.

[0015] As an optional solution for the turbocharger, the second top foil includes a second folded portion and a third folded portion connected to each other, an end of the second folded portion away from the third folded portion is connected to the bottom plate, and the third folded portion is parallel to the upper surface of the bottom plate.

[0016] As an optional solution for the turbocharger, the angle A between the second folded edge portion and the third folded edge portion is 150 degrees to 165 degrees.

[0017] As an optional solution for the turbocharger, the height of the second arc-shaped protrusion is greater than the depth of the fan-shaped mounting groove, and the second arc-shaped protrusion abuts against the lower surface of the third folded edge portion.

[0018] As an optional solution for the turbocharger, the base plate is provided with a plurality of connection holes spaced apart in the circumferential direction.

[0019] An engine comprising a turbocharger as described above.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The turbocharger provided by the present invention is suitable for engine exhaust energy recovery and engine intake supercharging. The first elastic wave foil and the first top foil are sequentially arranged in the accommodating cavity of the bearing sleeve, and the rotor shaft is inserted into the radial dynamic pressure bearing. The rotor shaft rotates rapidly and stirs the air movement in the radial dynamic pressure bearing, so that an air film is formed between the rotor shaft and the radial dynamic pressure bearing. Due to the small air resistance, the friction force on the rotor shaft is reduced; a plurality of first arc-shaped protrusions are circumferentially arranged on the first elastic wave foil, the first top foil includes a plurality of connected first folding edges, and the plurality of first folding edges are surrounded to form a micro-polygonal structure, and the rotor shaft is inserted into the micro-polygonal structure formed by the first top foil. When the rotor shaft is subjected to external vibration and moves downward during the rotation process, the compressed air film acts on the corresponding first folding edge, so that the angle between adjacent first folding edges is enlarged, thereby buffering the vibration of the rotor shaft and improving the shock absorption performance; since the first arc-shaped protrusion is correspondingly abutted with the first folding edge, the first arc-shaped protrusion can also react to the first folding edge, further improving the shock absorption performance of the radial-thrust bearing.

[0022] The engine provided by the present invention has a first elastic wave foil sheet provided with a first arc-shaped protrusion, and a first top foil sheet provided with a plurality of first folded edge portions, thereby improving the shock absorption performance of the turbocharger rotor shaft, extending the service life, and reducing the failure rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the contents of the embodiments of the present invention and these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of a turbocharger in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 An exploded schematic diagram of a radial dynamic pressure bearing in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a radial dynamic pressure bearing in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of the middle A;

[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0029] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the rotor shaft and thrust plate in the embodiment of the present invention

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the thrust plate and the thrust dynamic pressure bearing in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 An exploded schematic diagram of a thrust dynamic pressure bearing in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of a thrust dynamic pressure bearing in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 A partial enlarged view of the AA section.

[0034] Reference numerals:

[0035] 100, turbine; 200, rotor shaft; 300, main body; 400, radial-thrust bearing; 500, impeller; 600, thrust plate;

[0036] 1. Radial dynamic pressure bearing; 2. Thrust dynamic pressure bearing;

[0037] 11. bearing sleeve; 111. accommodating cavity; 112. tightening hole; 12. first elastic wave foil; 121. first arc-shaped protruding portion; 13. first top foil; 131. first folding edge portion; 132. connecting portion; 14. connecting pin;

[0038] 21. second elastic wave foil; 211. second arc-shaped protruding portion; 22. second top foil; 221. second folded edge portion; 222. third folded edge portion; 23. bottom plate; 231. fan-shaped mounting groove; 232. connecting hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0040] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the positions or positional relationships in which the inventive product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0044] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0045] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0046] In order to simplify the accessory structure of the turbocharger and reduce the influence of external vibration on the rotor shaft, this embodiment provides a turbocharger, which is combined with Figures 1 to 10 The specific contents of this embodiment are described in detail.

[0047] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the turbocharger includes a turbine 100, a rotor shaft 200, a main body 300, a radial-thrust bearing 400 and an impeller 500. The radial-thrust bearing 400 includes a radial dynamic pressure bearing 1 and a thrust dynamic pressure bearing 2. Both the radial dynamic pressure bearing 1 and the thrust dynamic pressure bearing 2 are free of lubricating oil and are dynamic pressure bearings that use air as a lubricating medium. The rotor shaft 200 passes through the radial dynamic pressure bearing 1 and the thrust dynamic pressure bearing 2. Among them, the radial dynamic pressure bearing 1 includes a bearing sleeve 11, a first elastic wave foil 12 and a first top foil 13. An accommodating cavity 111 is provided through the bearing sleeve 11. The first elastic wave foil 12 is arranged in the accommodating cavity 111, and a plurality of first arc-shaped protrusions 121 are circumferentially arranged on the first elastic wave foil 12. The first top foil 13 is arranged in the accommodating cavity 111 and covers the first elastic wave foil 12. The first top foil 13 includes a plurality of connected first folded edge portions 131, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, the plurality of first arc-shaped protrusions 121 abut against the plurality of first folded edge portions 131 in a one-to-one corresponding manner.

[0048] In short, the turbocharger provided by the present invention is suitable for engine exhaust energy recovery and engine intake supercharging. The first elastic wave foil 12 and the first top foil 13 are sequentially arranged in the accommodating cavity 111 of the bearing sleeve 11, and the rotor shaft 200 is inserted into the radial dynamic pressure bearing 1. The rotor shaft 200 rotates rapidly and stirs the air movement in the radial dynamic pressure bearing 1, so that an air film is formed between the rotor shaft 200 and the radial dynamic pressure bearing 1. Due to the small air resistance, the friction force on the rotor shaft 200 is reduced; the first elastic wave foil 12 is circumferentially provided with a plurality of first arc-shaped protrusions 121, and the first top foil 13 includes a plurality of connected first folded edge portions 1 31, a plurality of first folded edge portions 131 are arranged to form a micro polygonal structure, and the rotor shaft 200 is inserted into the micro polygonal structure formed by the first top foil 13. When the rotor shaft 200 moves downward due to external vibration during rotation, the compressed air film acts on the corresponding first folded edge portion 131, so that the angle between adjacent first folded edge portions 131 is enlarged, thereby buffering the vibration of the rotor shaft 200 and improving the shock absorption performance; since the first arc-shaped protrusion portion 121 is correspondingly abutted against the first folded edge portion 131, the first arc-shaped protrusion portion 121 can also react to the first folded edge portion 131, thereby further improving the shock absorption performance of the radial-thrust bearing 400.

[0049] For example, Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, at least two first elastic wave foils 12 are provided, at least two first top foils 13 are provided, the first top foil 13 is provided with a connecting portion 132 extending in the radial direction, the connecting portion 132 is connected to the circumferential wall of the bearing sleeve 11, and the first elastic wave foil 12 is located between the outer wall surface of the first top foil 13 and the inner wall surface of the bearing sleeve 11. The first elastic wave foil 12 and the first top foil 13 are designed in a split type to reduce the difficulty of manufacturing and assembly.

[0050] Specifically, two first elastic wave foils 12 are provided, and two first top foils 13 are provided, and each first elastic wave foil 12 and each first top foil 13 are semicircular, and the corresponding angle is 180 degrees.

[0051] Exemplarily, the radial dynamic pressure bearing 1 further includes a connecting pin 14, a tightening hole 112 is opened in the circumferential wall of the bearing sleeve 11 along the axial direction, the tightening hole 112 is communicated with the accommodating cavity 111, the connecting portion 132 is located in the tightening hole 112, and the connecting pin 14 is inserted in the tightening hole 112 and pressed with the connecting portion 132. No welding is required to avoid damaging the surface of the bearing sleeve 11. The connecting pin 14 is inserted into the tightening hole 112 and presses the connecting portion 132 to improve the assembly firmness of the connecting portion 132.

[0052] Specifically, in this embodiment, only one side of the first elastic wave foil 12 is provided with the connection portion 132. In other embodiments, both sides of the first elastic wave foil 12 are provided with the connection portion 132, so as to further improve the installation fixity of the first elastic wave foil 12.

[0053] Furthermore, if Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a thrust plate 600 is disposed on the rotor shaft 200 , and the thrust plate 600 can rotate with the rotor shaft 200 . The thrust plate 600 has two front and rear end faces, and at least one of the two end faces is provided with a thrust dynamic pressure bearing 2 .

[0054] Specifically, in this embodiment, thrust dynamic pressure bearings 2 are provided on both end surfaces of the thrust plate 600, so that both ends of the thrust plate 600 are subjected to reaction force, thereby preventing the rotor shaft 200 and the thrust plate 600 from axial displacement.

[0055] Furthermore, if Figures 8 to 10As shown, the thrust dynamic pressure bearing 2 includes a second elastic wave foil 21, a second top foil 22 and a bottom plate 23, the bottom plate 23 is concavely provided with a fan-shaped mounting groove 231, the second elastic wave foil 21 is arranged in the fan-shaped mounting groove 231, the second elastic wave foil 21 is provided with a plurality of second arc-shaped protrusions 211, and the second top foil 22 is connected to the bottom plate 23 and covers the plurality of second arc-shaped protrusions 211. By increasing the number of second arc-shaped protrusions 211, the elastic buffering force of the second elastic wave foil 21 on the second top foil 22 is increased. The second elastic wave foil 21 is also provided with a horizontal mounting portion, the horizontal mounting portion is located between the two second arc-shaped protrusions 211, and the horizontal mounting portion and the fan-shaped mounting groove 231 are laser welded.

[0056] Further, the second top foil 22 includes a second folded edge portion 221 and a third folded edge portion 222 connected to each other, one end of the second folded edge portion 221 away from the third folded edge portion 222 is connected to the bottom plate 23, and the third folded edge portion 222 is parallel to the upper surface of the bottom plate 23. When the thrust plate acts on the third folded edge portion 222, the third folded edge portion 222 is pressed downward, thereby having a tendency to reduce the angle between the second folded edge portion 221 and the third folded edge portion 222, and the second folded edge portion 221 can provide a certain resistance to the thrust plate 600 through the third folded edge portion 222.

[0057] Preferably, the angle A between the second folding portion 221 and the third folding portion 222 is 150 degrees to 165 degrees.

[0058] Furthermore, the height of the second arc-shaped protrusion 211 is greater than the depth of the fan-shaped installation groove 231, and the second arc-shaped protrusion 211 abuts against the lower surface of the third folded edge portion 222. The top of the second arc-shaped protrusion 211 directly abuts against the lower surface of the third folded edge portion 222. When the third folded edge portion 222 tends to move downward, the second arc-shaped protrusion 211 and the second folded edge portion 221 can simultaneously directly give a reaction force to the third folded edge portion 222, thereby improving the shock absorption performance.

[0059] Furthermore, the bottom plate 23 is provided with a plurality of connection holes 232 at intervals in the circumferential direction. Fasteners are used to pass through the connection holes 232 and connect with the main body 300, so as to fix the bottom plate 23 in the main body 300.

[0060] Specifically, the first top foil 13 and the second top foil 22 are both made of wear-resistant materials. A plurality of fan-shaped mounting grooves 231 are circumferentially arranged at intervals on the bottom plate 23, and the second elastic wave foil 21 and the second top foil 22 are both fan-shaped structures.

[0061] This embodiment also provides an engine, which includes the turbocharger mentioned above, and the exhaust gas of the engine is discharged to the turbine 100 of the rotor shaft 200 on the turbocharger through a pipeline, thereby driving the turbine 100 to rotate. When the exhaust gas discharge speed of the engine is unstable, causing the turbine 100 to drive the rotor shaft 200 to vibrate, the first elastic wave foil 12 is provided with a first arc-shaped protrusion 121, and the first top foil 13 is provided with a plurality of first folded edge portions 131. The micro polygonal structure formed by the plurality of first folded edge portions 131 and the reaction force of the first arc-shaped protrusion 121 on the first folded edge portion 131 are utilized to improve the shock absorption performance of the turbocharger rotor shaft 200, extend the service life, and reduce the failure rate.

[0062] Note that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and that various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in more detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A turbocharger, comprising a turbine (100), a rotor shaft (200), a main body (300), a radial-thrust bearing (400) and an impeller (500); the radial-thrust bearing (400) comprises a radial dynamic pressure bearing (1) and a thrust dynamic pressure bearing (2), the rotor shaft (200) passes through the radial dynamic pressure bearing (1) and the thrust dynamic pressure bearing (2), characterized in that: The radial dynamic pressure bearing (1) comprises: The bearing sleeve (11) is provided with an accommodating cavity (111) extending therethrough; A first elastic wave foil (12) is arranged in the accommodating cavity (111), and a plurality of first arc-shaped protrusions (121) are circumferentially arranged on the first elastic wave foil (12); A first top foil (13) is arranged in the accommodating cavity (111) and covers the first elastic wave foil (12), the first top foil (13) comprising a plurality of connected first folded edge portions (131), and the plurality of first arc-shaped protruding portions (121) abut against the plurality of first folded edge portions (131) in a one-to-one corresponding manner; At least two of the first elastic wave foils (12) are provided, and at least two of the first top foils (13) are provided. The first top foil (13) is provided with a connecting portion (132) extending in a radial direction, and the connecting portion (132) is connected to the circumferential wall of the bearing sleeve (11). The first elastic wave foil (12) is located between the outer wall surface of the first top foil (13) and the inner wall surface of the bearing sleeve (11).

2. The turbocharger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial dynamic pressure bearing (1) also includes a connecting pin (14); a tightening hole (112) is opened on the circumferential wall of the bearing sleeve (11) along the axial direction; the tightening hole (112) is communicated with the accommodating cavity (111); the connecting portion (132) is located in the tightening hole (112); the connecting pin (14) is inserted into the tightening hole (112) and is crimped with the connecting portion (132).

3. The turbocharger according to claim 1, characterized in that: A thrust plate (600) is arranged on the rotor shaft (200), and the thrust plate (600) has two front and rear end faces, and at least one of the two end faces is provided with the thrust dynamic pressure bearing (2).

4. The turbocharger according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thrust dynamic pressure bearing (2) comprises a second elastic wave foil (21), a second top foil (22) and a bottom plate (23); the bottom plate (23) is recessed with a fan-shaped mounting groove (231); the second elastic wave foil (21) is arranged in the fan-shaped mounting groove (231); the second elastic wave foil (21) is provided with a plurality of second arc-shaped protrusions (211); the second top foil (22) is connected to the bottom plate (23) and covers the plurality of second arc-shaped protrusions (211).

5. The turbocharger according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second top foil (22) comprises a second folded edge portion (221) and a third folded edge portion (222) which are connected to each other, wherein one end of the second folded edge portion (221) away from the third folded edge portion (222) is connected to the bottom plate (23), and the third folded edge portion (222) is parallel to the upper surface of the bottom plate (23).

6. The turbocharger according to claim 5, characterized in that An included angle A between the second folded edge portion (221) and the third folded edge portion (222) is 150 degrees to 165 degrees.

7. The turbocharger according to claim 5, characterized in that: The height of the second arc-shaped protrusion (211) is greater than the depth of the fan-shaped mounting groove (231), and the second arc-shaped protrusion (211) abuts against the lower surface of the third folded edge portion (222).

8. The turbocharger according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom plate (23) is provided with a plurality of connection holes (232) at intervals in the circumferential direction.

9. An engine, characterized in that Comprising a turbocharger as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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