A kind of fast fermentation manure and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to C05G3 / 04, and in particular to a fast-fermented manure and a preparation method thereof. The manure comprises the following raw materials: 100-150 parts of rural solid waste, 0.1-0.325 parts of a first composite bacterial agent, and 0.08-0.25 parts of a second composite bacterial agent. The fast-fermented manure and a preparation method thereof provided by the present invention contain a variety of nutrients, can improve soil, enhance the ability of soil to retain water, retain fertilizer, and supply fertilizer, inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria, promote the decomposition and transformation of organic matter, and promote the growth of crops.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to C05G3 / 04 or C05G3 / 02, and in particular to a rapidly fermented manure and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Traditional organic fertilizer preparation and fermentation takes a long time and is easily affected by external conditions, resulting in incomplete fermentation; it produces flammable and explosive gases, which poses a certain risk; in addition, a large number of beneficial microorganisms will be killed during the decomposition process, making it difficult for the microbial organic fertilizer to fully exert its fertilizer effect.

[0003] Patent CN202011141518.9 A biological organic fertilizer rich in microbial strains and its preparation process. The biological organic fertilizer produced by the characteristic preparation process has a high number of live bacteria and can effectively promote the absorption of nutrients and growth metabolism of crops.

[0004] Patent CN202110612140.4 A kind of plateau sheep manure biological organic fertilizer and its processing method The biological organic fertilizer produced by controlling the aerobic composting fermentation process has many advantages such as high organic matter content and rich nutrients.

[0005] However, the preparation process of the bio-organic fertilizer provided in the prior art is complicated and inefficient, and it is impossible to fully provide the nutrients in the system to crops. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the first aspect of the present invention provides a fast-fermented manure comprising the following raw materials: 100-150 parts of rural solid waste, 0.1-0.325 parts of a first composite bacterial agent, and 0.08-0.25 parts of a second composite bacterial agent.

[0007] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing rapidly fermented manure, comprising the following steps:

[0008] 1) adding rural solid waste into a fermentation tank, and then adding a first composite bacterial agent for aerobic fermentation;

[0009] 2) The second composite bacterial agent is inoculated into the fermented material for the first time, and then composting and aging is performed, the composted and aged material is crushed and sieved, and the second composite bacterial agent is inoculated for the second time to obtain the product.

[0010] Preferably, the rural solid waste includes at least one of fruit peels, fruit cores, feathers, straw, waste bamboo, wood chips, bagasse, livestock manure, and potato vines.

[0011] Further preferably, the rural solid waste includes straw and livestock excrement, and the mass ratio of the straw to livestock excrement is (10-15):(10-15).

[0012] Preferably, the livestock manure includes at least one of pig manure, cow manure, sheep manure, chicken manure, duck manure and horse manure.

[0013] More preferably, the livestock manure includes pig manure, cow manure, and horse manure. The mass ratio of the pig manure, cow manure, and horse manure is (5-7): (3-5): (3-5).

[0014] Preferably, the moisture content of the manure is 80-85wt%.

[0015] Preferably, the straw includes at least one of corn straw, rice straw, wheat straw, tobacco straw, wild rice straw, cotton straw and sugarcane straw.

[0016] More preferably, the straw includes rice straw, tobacco straw and wild rice straw. The mass ratio of the rice straw, tobacco straw and wild rice straw is (8-12): (3-5): (1-3).

[0017] Preferably, the crushed and sieved straw is pretreated before fermentation, and the pretreatment comprises the following steps: mixing the crushed and sieved straw with 10% dilute sulfuric acid in a mass ratio of 1:2, heating at a constant temperature of 120°C for 2h, then washing with water until neutral, and drying to obtain the pretreated straw.

[0018] Preferably, the first composite bacterial agent includes at least one of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus licheniformis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma.

[0019] More preferably, the first composite bacterial agent comprises Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The mass ratio of the Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae is (3-5): (2-4): (3-5).

[0020] Preferably, the oxygen supply during aerobic fermentation is 8-18% (the volume fraction of oxygen content in the total gas content).

[0021] Preferably, the moisture content of the fermented material is 40-45wt%.

[0022] Preferably, the second composite bacterial agent includes photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast bacteria, actinomycetes and filamentous bacteria.

[0023] Preferably, the mass ratio of the first composite bacterial agent to the second composite bacterial agent is (0.15-0.25):

[0024] (0.1-0.2).

[0025] Preferably, the compost aging conditions are as follows: the compost temperature is 25° C., the compost time is 10-30 days, and the compost turning frequency is 1 time / 2 days or 1 time / 1 day.

[0026] Preferably, the moisture content of the compost material after aging is ≤30wt%.

[0027] Beneficial effects:

[0028] 1) The present invention adopts a specific composting fermentation process and further limits the types and contents of various substances in the prepared rapidly fermented manure. The prepared manure has many advantages such as high organic matter and effective live bacteria content, no roundworms, and low fecal coliform bacteria, and is particularly suitable for sticky soil.

[0029] 2) Existing agricultural production often uses chemical fertilizers to promote the growth of crops, but chemical fertilizers are prone to cause soil compaction, environmental pollution and other problems, resulting in a decrease in soil fertility. The present invention uses livestock manure as the main source of fertility. Horse manure is loose and porous, and decomposes quickly, but horse manure has a large calorific value. It uses a compound form of pig manure, cow manure, and horse manure to soften the fertilizer, increase the content of potassium, nitrogen, phosphorus and other elements in the system, effectively form humus, and improve the soil. At the same time, the present invention adds straw to work together with livestock manure to control the heating rate of the material, reduce the composting fermentation time, improve the activity of microorganisms, and further promote the growth of crops.

[0030] 3) Traditional anaerobic fermentation has a strong odor. The present invention adopts aerobic fermentation and uses Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus licheniformis, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae as the first composite bacterial agent for fermentation, which can effectively decompose cellulose, lignin and other substances contained in carbon sources such as horse manure and straw, accelerate the composting fermentation rate, allow fermentation to proceed at low temperatures, promote the occurrence of degradation reactions, and improve the absorption and utilization of organic fertilizers by crops; at the same time, it can produce antibacterial substances, inhibit the reproduction of harmful microorganisms, reduce the generation of roundworms, and effectively eliminate odors.

[0031] 4) The present invention controls the composting fermentation process in the process of preparing rapidly fermented manure, controls the moisture content and composting time of the materials in the system, uses the first composite bacterial agent and the second composite bacterial agent to treat the materials, accelerates the composting reaction time, increases the content of nutrients in the system, and can rapidly reproduce after entering the soil, inhibits harmful pathogens in the soil, and prevents the death, withering, and poor growth of various vegetables.

[0032] 5) The rapidly fermented manure prepared by the present invention can effectively loosen the soil, promote the conversion of solid nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil, balance the pH value of the soil, promote the absorption and utilization of organic fertilizer by plants, and inhibit the reproduction of harmful microorganisms. It has the dual effects of protection and treatment and can effectively prevent and control the infection of soil diseases. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Example

[0034] Example 1

[0035] A fast-fermented manure comprises the following raw materials: 120 parts of rural solid waste, 0.2 parts of a first composite bacterial agent, and 0.15 parts of a second composite bacterial agent.

[0036] A method for preparing rapidly fermented manure comprises the following steps:

[0037] 1) adding rural solid waste into a fermentation tank, and then adding a first composite bacterial agent for aerobic fermentation;

[0038] 2) The second composite bacterial agent is inoculated into the fermented material for the first time, and then composting and aging is performed, the composted and aged material is crushed and sieved, and the second composite bacterial agent is inoculated for the second time to obtain the product.

[0039] The rural solid waste includes straw and livestock excrement, and the mass ratio of the straw to the livestock excrement is 12:12.

[0040] The livestock manure includes pig manure, cow manure and horse manure. The mass ratio of the pig manure, cow manure and horse manure is 6:4:4. The moisture content of the manure is 82wt%.

[0041] The straws include rice straws, tobacco straws and wild rice straws, and the mass ratio of the rice straws, tobacco straws and wild rice straws is 10:4:2.

[0042] The crushed and sieved straw is pretreated before fermentation, and the pretreatment includes the following steps: the crushed and sieved straw is uniformly mixed with 10% dilute sulfuric acid in a mass ratio of 1:2, heated at a constant temperature of 120°C for 2h, then washed with water until neutral, and dried to obtain the pretreated straw.

[0043] The first composite bacterial agent includes Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, wherein the mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae is 4:3:4.

[0044] The oxygen supply during the aerobic fermentation is 12% (the volume fraction of oxygen content in the total gas content). The moisture content of the fermented material is 42wt%.

[0045] The second composite bacterial agent includes photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast bacteria, actinomycetes and filamentous bacteria. The second composite bacterial agent is EM bacteria, purchased from Cangzhou Huayu Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0046] The compost aging conditions are as follows: the compost temperature is 25° C., the compost time is 20 days, and the compost turning frequency is 1 time / 2 days.

[0047] The moisture content of the compost material after aging is 10wt%.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] A method for preparing rapidly fermented manure, the specific implementation manner is the same as that of Example 1, except that the compost aging conditions are as follows: the compost temperature is 25° C., the compost time is 18 days, and the compost turning frequency is 1 time / 2 days.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] A method for preparing rapidly fermented manure, the specific implementation method is the same as that of Example 1, except that the mass ratio of livestock manure to straw is 15:10.

[0052] Comparative Example 1

[0053] A method for preparing rapidly fermented manure, the specific implementation manner is the same as that of Example 1, except that the mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae is 4:1:4.

[0054] Comparative Example 2

[0055] A method for preparing rapidly fermented manure, the specific implementation method is the same as that of Example 1, except that the mass ratio of pig manure, cow manure and horse manure is 6:4:8.

[0056] Performance Testing

[0057] 1. Organic matter content test: Test according to the "Determination of organic matter content (potassium dichromate volumetric method)" in NY525-2012 "Organic Fertilizer".

[0058] 2. Test for effective live bacteria count: Test according to the “effective live bacteria count” in NY / T2321-2013 “Inspection Procedure for Microbial Fertilizer Products”.

[0059] 3. Deodorization performance test:

[0060] Ammonia detection: According to the method described in the example, the fermentation tank is replaced with a 500mL beaker and sealed with kraft paper and a layer of plastic paper. Then a small beaker containing 20mL of 2% boric acid solution is placed to absorb the ammonia generated during the fermentation process, and then the sulfuric acid titration method is used to titrate the boric acid solution with methyl red-bromocresol green mixed indicator with 0.005mol / L sulfuric acid solution. The amount of ammonia = the amount of sulfuric acid * (the amount of sulfuric acid solution used - the amount of sulfuric acid solution used during blank titration).

[0061] Hydrogen sulfide detection: According to the method described in the example, the fermentation tank is replaced with a 500mL beaker and sealed with kraft paper and a layer of plastic paper. Then 20mL of 50g / L zinc acetate is placed inside to absorb the hydrogen sulfide produced during the fermentation process, and then 5mL of iodine standard solution and 5mL of hydrochloric acid (1+1) solution are added to the zinc acetate solution, and the reaction is closed for 5min; titration is performed with 0.05mol / L sodium thiosulfate solution, and 0.5% starch indicator is added dropwise. The amount of hydrogen sulfide = [the amount of sodium thiosulfate solution - the amount of sodium thiosulfate solution * (the amount of sodium thiosulfate solution used during blank titration - the amount of sodium thiosulfate solution used during test solution titration) / 2].

[0062] 4. Ascaris egg mortality test: The test shall be conducted in accordance with GB / T19524.2-2004 “Determination of Ascaris egg mortality in fertilizers”.

[0063] Table 1 Performance test results

[0064]

Claims

1. A rapidly fermented manure, characterized in that: The raw materials include: 120 parts of rural solid waste, 0.2 parts of the first composite bacterial agent, and 0.15 parts of the second composite bacterial agent; The method for preparing the rapidly fermented manure comprises the following steps: 1) Adding rural solid waste into a fermentation tank, and then adding the first composite bacterial agent for aerobic fermentation; 2) inoculating the fermented material with the second composite bacterial agent for the first time, then composting and aging, crushing and sieving the composted and aged material, and inoculating the second composite bacterial agent for the second time to obtain the product; The rural solid waste includes straw and livestock manure; the mass ratio of the straw to livestock manure is 12:12; The livestock manure includes pig manure, cow manure, and horse manure; the mass ratio of the pig manure, cow manure, and horse manure is 6:4:4; The straw includes rice straw, tobacco straw and wild rice straw; the mass ratio of the rice straw, tobacco straw and wild rice straw is 10:4:2; The straw is pretreated before fermentation, and the pretreatment includes the following steps: mixing the crushed and sieved straw with 10% dilute sulfuric acid in a mass ratio of 1:2, heating at a constant temperature of 120°C for 2h, washing with water until neutral, and drying to obtain the pretreated straw; The first composite bacterial agent includes Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae; the mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae is 4:3:4; The oxygen supply during the aerobic fermentation is 12%; the moisture content of the fermented material is 42wt%; The second composite bacterial agent is EM bacteria, purchased from Cangzhou Huayu Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; The compost aging conditions are as follows: the compost temperature is 25°C, the compost time is 20 days, and the compost turning frequency is 1 time / 2 days; The moisture content of the compost material after aging is 10wt%.

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