Optical fiber pressure monitoring device

Abstract

The invention relates to an optical fiber pressure monitoring device, and relates to the field of detection technology. The device solves the problem of low accuracy of pressure detected when a medium flows in a pipeline by using an optical fiber detection principle. The device comprises a mounting tube, flanges arranged at both ends of the mounting tube for connecting the mounting tube to two pipelines, a jacket is arranged on the outer sleeve of the mounting tube, optical fiber lines on two display devices are respectively connected to two detection mechanisms, and a connecting frame is arranged in the middle of the mounting tube. The device can implement two-point detection on the pressure generated when the medium flows in the lumen. In the process of movement, multi-directional constantly changing data can be detected. According to their numerical changes and the average value of the detected data at the same stroke position, the purpose of diversified and multi-regional detection is achieved. The average value obtained by multiple groups of data is used to obtain the pressure value finally obtained by the average value, so that the accuracy of the pressure value obtained by the medium flowing through the pipeline can be further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pressure monitoring, and in particular to an optical fiber pressure monitoring device. Background Art

[0002] Fiber optic pressure sensors can be used to detect the pressure of media such as air pressure, water pressure, and oil in pipelines. According to the pressure value detected at a certain position in the pipeline, the change in the pressure of the medium flowing through the same pipeline system at a certain moment can be roughly known. In order to improve the accuracy of the detection value, a Chinese patent application number CN202120501157.8 discloses a highly stable oil and gas pipeline fiber optic pressure monitoring device, which includes a mounting tube and a detector, the detector is arranged on the mounting tube, the mounting tube is consistent with the diameter of the oil and gas pipeline, and both ends of the mounting tube are connected to the oil and gas pipeline; the detector includes a shell, one end of the shell extending into the mounting tube is slidably connected to a push rod, one end of the push rod extends out of the shell, and a transmitting plate and a receiving plate are arranged on both sides of one end of the push rod located in the shell.

[0003] The above-mentioned prior art sets up a mounting tube, and sets the optical fiber pressure detector on the mounting tube, and the detection head extends into the mounting tube. The data detected by the detector extending into the mounting tube is used to detect the oil pressure in the pipeline where the mounting tube is located. Although this detection method can detect the pressure value of the oil in the pipeline, it essentially still uses the common pressure gauge detection principle in the prior art. This detection method has the following defects: the detector is fixed at a certain position of the mounting tube and can only detect the pressure of the medium flowing through this position of the pipeline, but cannot perform multi-directional detection of the medium pressure at multiple positions of the pipeline. After the detection, only a single data can be obtained, and its reference value is limited. In addition, the detection method is relatively single. Therefore, how to improve the detectability and make the data obtained after the detection more accurate is a problem that the current technical personnel in this field need to consider and solve. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on the above problems, the present invention provides a fiber optic pressure monitoring device, which utilizes the principle of bidirectional fiber optic pressure sensing detection and makes the bidirectional fiber optic pressure sensor move synchronously in the lumen to obtain the pressure values ​​respectively, and is used to perform multi-directional detection of the pressure value of the medium flowing through the pipeline, so as to make the data obtained after the detection more accurate.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A fiber optic pressure monitoring device comprises a mounting tube, flanges are arranged at both ends of the mounting tube for connecting the mounting tube to two pipes, mounting mechanisms are placed inside the two flanges, a detection mechanism is arranged inside the mounting mechanism and is installed inside the flanges, a buckle is arranged on the outside of the mounting tube through a screw sleeve, two sets of display devices are arranged on the buckle, the optical fiber lines on the two display devices are respectively connected to the two detection mechanisms, a connecting frame is arranged in the middle of the mounting tube, a motor is installed on the connecting frame, a through hole communicating with the tube cavity of the mounting tube is opened in the middle of the mounting tube, a sealed bearing is embedded in the through hole, the action shaft of the motor cooperates with the sealed bearing and extends into the tube cavity of the mounting tube, a screw is arranged in the tube cavity of the mounting tube along its length direction, the two ends of the screw extend to the tube mouth of the mounting tube respectively and are respectively connected to the two mounting mechanisms in a transmission manner, so that when the screw rotates, the two detection mechanisms are driven to perform reciprocating linear motion along the tube cavity of the mounting tube through the two mounting mechanisms.

[0007] As a further preferred embodiment: the middle part of the mounting tube is disconnected, so that the mounting tube is divided into two parts of equal length, a fixing seat is installed in the tube cavity of one part, an assembly hole is opened on the fixing seat and is in the same line as the tube cavity of the mounting tube, a bearing is fixed in the assembly hole, the screw rod passes through and is installed on the bearing, a driven bevel gear is installed on the part of the screw rod close to the fixing seat, and an active bevel gear meshing with the driven bevel gear to drive the screw rod to rotate synchronously is installed on one end of the action shaft of the motor extending toward the mounting tube.

[0008] As a further preferred embodiment, an annular groove is provided at the joint of the two parts of the mounting tube, and a pressure rail is provided on the inner wall surface of the buckle, which is wrapped around the outer wall of the mounting tube and pressed into the groove for joining the two parts of the mounting tube together.

[0009] As a further preferred embodiment: the mounting mechanism includes a top ring, a bottom ring, an inner ring arranged between the top ring and the bottom ring, and a spring rod for elastically connecting the top ring and the bottom ring to the top and bottom of the inner ring; the mounting mechanism is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the tube cavity of the mounting tube through the top ring and the bottom ring; a fixing rod is installed in the diameter direction of the inner ring; a clamping sleeve for installing the detection mechanism is installed in the middle of the fixing rod; an ear plate is provided in the middle of the fixing rod; a threaded hole is opened on the ear plate for enabling it to be connected to the screw with the mounting mechanism in a transmission manner, and when the screw rotates, the mounting mechanism and the detection mechanism perform reciprocating linear motion along the tube cavity of the mounting tube.

[0010] As a further preferred embodiment: a pressure groove corresponding to the vicinity of the clamping sleeve is formed on the top surface of the fixing rod, a notch which is in the same straight line as the pressure groove and is interconnected with the pressure groove is formed in the lateral direction of the clamping sleeve, and a pressure seat which spans over the notch is hinged at one end of the pressure groove.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment, the detection mechanism includes a fiber optic pressure sensor and a rubber layer sleeved on the outer wall of the fiber optic pressure sensor, and the fiber optic pressure sensor is dampedly inserted into the clamping sleeve from the inner side of the mounting mechanism through the rubber layer, so that the detection end of the fiber optic pressure sensor extends into the mounting tube, and at the same time, the detection ends of the two fiber optic pressure sensors located on the two mounting mechanisms face opposite each other.

[0012] As a further preferred embodiment, the inner and outer ends of the clamping sleeve are connected, and a wire groove connected to the inner hole of the flange is opened on the outer end surface of the flange. The optical fiber connection end of the optical fiber pressure sensor passes through the clamping sleeve and the wire groove in sequence, extends to the outside of the mounting tube, and is electrically connected to the display device.

[0013] As a further preferred embodiment: the outer end faces of the top ring and the bottom ring are each provided with a test ring along their arc-shaped direction, the test ring is provided with an extension edge, the extension edge extends in the direction of the inner ring, and a drainage space is left between the extension edge and the inner ring, and the test ring forms a test cavity between the extension edge and the top ring and the bottom ring.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] A mounting tube is provided on the pipeline to be detected in real time, and there are two optical fiber pressure monitoring devices. The two optical fiber pressure monitoring devices are slid at both ends of the mounting tube in a bidirectional manner through a screw drive, and the screw can drive the two monitoring devices to perform reciprocating linear motion along the tube cavity when the two monitoring devices are in a stationary state. The pressure generated by the flow of the medium in the tube cavity can be detected at two points. In the stopped state, the data obtained during the double-end detection are compared with each other, and the average value of the two data is obtained to obtain the pressure value of the medium. Compared with the existing single-point pressure detection method, the accuracy is improved, and the movement of the two monitoring devices in the tube cavity can perform multi-directional detection of the medium flowing through the tube cavity. The two detection devices move along the tube cavity at the same time, and the moving distance is consistent. In the process of movement, multi-directional constantly changing data will be detected. According to their numerical changes and the average value of the detected data at the same stroke position, the purpose of diversified and multi-regional detection is achieved. The average value obtained by multiple groups of data is used to obtain the pressure value finally obtained by the average value, so that the accuracy of the pressure value obtained by the medium flowing through the pipeline can be further improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main plane structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 The present invention is Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the lead-out installation pipe after it is cut open;

[0018] Figure 3 The present invention is Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure is shown;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the installation mechanism of the present invention from an outside perspective;

[0020] Figure 5 The present invention is Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the mounting mechanism located at the other end of the mounting tube;

[0021] Figure 6 The present invention is Figure 4 or Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the installation mechanism from the inner side perspective;

[0022] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of only a single installation tube in the present invention.

[0023] Description of main reference numerals:

[0024] 1. Mounting tube; 101. Slot; 2. Flange; 3. Mounting mechanism; 31. Top ring; 32. Bottom ring; 33. Inner ring; 331. Fixing rod; 332. Clamping sleeve; 333. Ear plate; 334. Threaded hole; 335. Pressing groove; 336. Notch; 337. Pressing seat; 3312. Test ring; 3313. Extended edge; 3314. Drainage space; 3315. Test cavity; 34. Spring rod; 4. Detection mechanism; 41. Fiber optic pressure sensor; 42. Rubber layer; 5. Buckle; 51. Pressing rail; 6. Display device; 7. Connecting frame; 8. Motor; 81. Active bevel gear; 9. Through hole; 10. Sealed bearing; 11. Screw; 111. Driven bevel gear; 13. Fixing seat; 131. Assembly hole; 132. Bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solution of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside" and "outside" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the invention.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0028] See attached Figure 1-7 , an optical fiber pressure monitoring device, comprising a mounting tube 1, flanges 2 arranged at both ends of the mounting tube 1 for connecting the mounting tube 1 to two pipes, mounting mechanisms 3 placed inside the two flanges 2, a detection mechanism 4 installed inside the flanges 2 with the mounting mechanism 3, a buckle 5 sleeved outside the mounting tube 1, two sets of display devices 6 arranged on the buckle 5, optical fiber lines on the two display devices 6 are respectively connected to the two detection mechanisms 4, the detection mechanism 4 comprises an optical fiber pressure sensor 41 and a rubber layer 42 sleeved on the outer wall of the optical fiber pressure sensor 41, the optical fiber pressure sensor 41 is inserted into the clamping sleeve 332 in a damping manner from the inner side of the mounting mechanism 3 through the rubber layer 42, so that the detection end of the optical fiber pressure sensor 41 The mounting tube 1 extends into the mounting tube 1, and at the same time makes the detection ends of the two optical fiber pressure sensors 41 located on the two mounting mechanisms 3 face each other. A connecting frame 7 is provided in the middle of the mounting tube 1, and a motor 8 is installed on the connecting frame 7. A through hole 9 communicating with its lumen is opened in the middle of the mounting tube 1, and a sealed bearing 10 is embedded in the through hole 9. The action shaft of the motor 8 cooperates with the sealed bearing 10 and extends into the lumen of the mounting tube 1. A screw 11 is provided in the lumen of the mounting tube 1 along its length direction. Both ends of the screw 11 extend to the pipe mouth of the mounting tube 1 respectively and are respectively connected to the two mounting mechanisms 3 in transmission, so that when the screw 11 rotates, it drives the two detection mechanisms 4 to perform reciprocating linear motion along the lumen of the mounting tube 1 through the two mounting mechanisms 3.

[0029] In summary: when the present invention is actually used, the mounting tube 1 is connected to the pipeline through the flanges 2 at both ends, and the lumen diameter of the pipeline is consistent with the lumen diameter of the mounting tube 1. When the mounting tube 1 is installed between the pipelines, the detection mechanism 4 placed in the mounting tube 1 through the mounting mechanism 3 will be connected with the screw 11 and also located in the mounting tube 1. In particular, the detection ends of the optical fiber pressure sensors 41 on the two detection mechanisms 4 are opposite to each other in the lumen of the mounting tube 1. Therefore, when the motor 8 is energized, it will drive the screw 11 to rotate. When the screw 11 rotates, it will use its bidirectional reverse thread to drive the mounting mechanisms 3 at both ends to move linearly in opposite directions in the mounting tube 1, that is, the two mounting mechanisms 3 carry the optical fiber pressure sensors 41 respectively to move linearly in opposite directions in the mounting tube 1, so as to implement pressure detection on the medium flowing through the mounting tube 1. The medium can be oil, water or gas. The data obtained after the detection will be fed back On the display device 6, since the detection principle is two optical fiber pressure sensors 41, two data will be obtained at the same time, or when the two optical fiber pressure sensors 41 move at the same time, multiple sets of data will be detected from multiple positions in the medium. In the process of movement, multi-directional constantly changing data will be detected, and their numerical changes and the average value of the detected data at the same stroke position are obtained (for example, the two optical fiber pressure sensors 41 move 20 cm along the lumen of the installation tube 1, obtain data once, and then move half a meter and obtain another data at another position, and so on. Move the two optical fiber pressure sensors 41 to a certain position, stop moving, and then record the two data to obtain the average value), so as to achieve the purpose of diversified and multi-regional detection, and the average value of the multiple sets of data is obtained by calculating the average value again to obtain the final pressure value, so that the accuracy of the pressure value obtained by the medium flowing through the pipeline is improved.

[0030] The middle of the installation tube 1 is broken, so that the installation tube 1 is divided into two parts of equal length, which is convenient for the reasonable assembly of the internal structures. In accordance with the assembly principle, the specific description is as follows: a fixing seat 13 is installed in the lumen of one part, and an assembly hole 131 is opened on the fixing seat 13 on the same line as the lumen of the installation tube 1. A bearing 132 is fixed in the assembly hole 131, and the screw 11 passes through and is installed on the bearing 132. Figure 7 As shown, an annular groove 101 is provided at the joint of the two parts of the mounting tube 1, and a pressure rail 51 is provided on the inner wall surface of the buckle 5, which is wrapped around the outer wall of the mounting tube 1 and pressed into the groove 101 for joining the two parts of the mounting tube 1 together.

[0031] The principle of the rotation of the screw 11 driven by the motor 8 is described as follows: Figure 3 , Figure 7As shown, a driven bevel gear 111 is installed on the part of the screw 11 close to the fixing seat 13, and an active bevel gear 81 is installed on one end of the action shaft of the motor 8 extending toward the mounting tube 1 and meshing with the driven bevel gear 111 to drive the screw 11 to rotate synchronously.

[0032] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 as well as Figure 5 As shown, the specific structure of the mounting mechanism 3 is described as follows: the mounting mechanism 3 includes a top ring 31, a bottom ring 32, an inner ring 33 arranged between the top ring 31 and the bottom ring 32, and a spring rod 34 for elastically connecting the top ring 31 and the bottom ring 32 to the top and bottom of the inner ring 33. When the mounting mechanism 3 is installed in the mounting tube 1, the top ring 31 and the bottom ring 32 can slide in contact with the inner wall of the tube cavity of the mounting tube 1, and under the support of the spring rod 34, the top ring 31 and the bottom ring 32 can have buffering adjustability to meet the needs of placing the mounting mechanism 3 with the detection mechanism 4 in the tube cavity of the mounting tube 1 according to the mounting tube 1 with other tube cavity diameters. Of course, in order to make the mounting mechanism 3 move more smoothly in a straight line along the tube cavity of the mounting tube 1, it is not ruled out that steel balls or casters will be installed on the outer wall surfaces of the top ring 31 and the bottom ring 32 during actual assembly so that they can roll in contact with the mounting tube On the inner wall of the tube cavity, a fixing rod 331 is installed in the diameter direction of the inner ring 33, and a clamping sleeve 332 for installing the detection mechanism 4 is installed in the middle of the fixing rod 331. An ear plate 333 eccentric to one side of the center of the inner ring 33 is provided in the middle of the fixing rod 331. A threaded hole 334 is provided on the ear plate 333 for driving the mounting mechanism 3 to be connected to the screw 11, and when the screw 11 rotates, the mounting mechanism 3 and the detection mechanism 4 are reciprocated along the tube cavity of the mounting tube 1. Since the ear plate 333 is arranged to be biased to the center side of the inner ring 33, the screw 11 is also located on the side of the inner cavity of the mounting tube 1, and at the same time, the driven bevel gear 111 on the screw 11 is also located on the side of the inner cavity of the mounting tube 1, that is, the driving bevel gear 81 meshed with the driven bevel gear 111 is also arranged on the side, so as to avoid these structures hindering the medium from flowing through the mounting tube 1, and the structure is reasonable.

[0033] like Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, a pressure groove 335 corresponding to the vicinity of the clamping sleeve 332 is provided on the top surface of the fixing rod 331, and a notch 336 which is in the same straight line as the pressure groove 335 and is interconnected with the clamping sleeve 332 is provided in the lateral direction of the clamping sleeve 332. A pressure seat 337 which spans the notch 336 is hinged at one end of the pressure groove 335. The detection mechanism 4 includes an optical fiber pressure sensor 41 and a rubber layer 42 sleeved on the outer wall of the optical fiber pressure sensor 41. The optical fiber pressure sensor 41 is inserted into the clamping sleeve 332 in a damping manner from the inner side of the mounting mechanism 3 through the rubber layer 42, so that the detection end of the optical fiber pressure sensor 41 extends to the mounting mechanism 3. The optical fiber pressure sensor 41 is installed in the tube 1 and can be rotated to the pressing groove 335 through the pressing seat 337 to be squeezed and fixed, and then the rubber layer 42 on the optical fiber pressure sensor 41 at the notch 336 is pressed to lock and fix the optical fiber pressure sensor 41 inserted in the clamping sleeve 332. After the two optical fiber pressure sensors 41 are inserted and fixed, their detection ends face each other from the tube cavity of the installation tube 1, which not only reflects the functional characteristics of having two detection structures on the installation tube 1, but also the functional characteristics of moving the medium in the installation tube 1 while detecting the pressure value at multiple points, and also reflects the structural characteristics of the optical fiber pressure sensor 41 that is easy to replace.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, in order to make the optical fiber line of the optical fiber pressure sensor 41 run in a standardized manner, and the existence of the optical fiber line does not affect the connection of the external pipeline to the two ends of the installation tube 1: therefore, the inner and outer ends of the mounting sleeve 332 are connected, and a wire groove 21 connected to its inner hole is opened on the outer end surface of the flange 2. The optical fiber connection end of the optical fiber pressure sensor 41 passes through the mounting sleeve 332 and the wire groove 21 in sequence, extends to the outside of the installation tube 1, and is electrically connected to the display device 6.

[0035] like Figure 6As shown: the outer end faces of the top ring 31 and the bottom ring 32 are each provided with a test ring 3312 along their arc-shaped direction, and the test ring 3312 is provided with an extension edge 3313, and the extension edge 3313 extends in the direction of the inner ring 33, and a drainage space 3314 is left between the extension edge 3313 and the inner ring 33, and the test ring 3312 forms a test cavity 3315 between the extension edge 3313 and the top ring 31 and the bottom ring 32. When the mounting mechanisms 3 at both ends are driven by the screw 11 to move linearly toward each other along the tube cavity of the mounting tube 1, the top ring 31 and the bottom ring 32 will also move accordingly, thereby utilizing the test cavity 3315 formed between the extension edge 3313 and the top ring 31 and the bottom ring 32 to allow the liquid medium to pass through the test cavity 3315. The water is collected in opposite directions toward the middle of the installation tube 1, and the water pressure will gradually increase. When the two optical fiber pressure sensors 41 move with it, it will be easier for the optical fiber pressure sensors 41 to obtain pressure values ​​from such media. When the two installation mechanisms 3 are in a stationary state, water pressure values ​​can also be obtained at two positions of the installation tube 1 under the collection action of the test cavity 3315. Since the two installation mechanisms 3 must be located at one liquid inlet end and the other liquid outlet end, especially when the test cavity 3315 is used to collect the liquid medium at the liquid outlet end, the optical fiber pressure sensor 41 at the liquid outlet end can also obtain a more obvious pressure value. Therefore, the structural design of the top ring 31 and the bottom ring 32 is more reasonable.

[0036] It should be noted that the medium referred to in the present invention is liquid in most cases, such as oil, water, etc.

[0037] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention is for the purpose of illustration and demonstration. These descriptions are not intended to limit the present invention to the precise form disclosed, and it is clear that many changes and variations can be made based on the above teachings. The purpose of selecting and describing the exemplary embodiments is to explain the specific principles of the present invention and its practical application, so that those skilled in the art can realize and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the present invention and various different selections and changes. The scope of the present invention is intended to be limited by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An optical fiber pressure monitoring device, comprising a mounting tube (1), flanges (2) arranged at both ends of the mounting tube (1) for connecting the mounting tube (1) to two pipelines, characterized in that: A mounting mechanism (3) is placed inside the two flanges (2), and a detection mechanism (4) is arranged inside the mounting mechanism (3) and is installed inside the flanges (2). A buckle (5) is arranged on the outside of the mounting tube (1), and two sets of display devices (6) are arranged on the buckle (5). The optical fiber lines on the two display devices (6) are respectively connected to the two detection mechanisms (4). A connecting frame (7) is arranged in the middle of the mounting tube (1), and a motor (8) is installed on the connecting frame (7). A through hole (9) communicating with the tube cavity of the mounting tube (1) is opened in the middle of the mounting tube (1), and a sealed bearing (10) is embedded in the through hole (9). The action shaft of the motor (8) cooperates with the sealed bearing (10) and extends into the tube cavity of the mounting tube (1). A screw rod (11) is arranged in the lumen of the tube (1) along its length direction. The two ends of the screw rod (11) extend to the tube mouth of the installation tube (1) respectively and are respectively connected to the two installation mechanisms (3) in a transmission manner, so that when the screw rod (11) rotates, it drives the two detection mechanisms (4) to perform reciprocating linear motion along the lumen of the installation tube (1) through the two installation mechanisms (3). The middle part of the installation tube (1) is disconnected, so that the installation tube (1) is divided into two parts of equal length. A fixing seat (13) is installed in the lumen of one part. The fixing seat (13) is provided with an assembly hole (131) on the same line as the lumen of the installation tube (1). A bearing (132) is fixed in the assembly hole (131). The screw rod (11) passes through and mounted on a bearing (132); a driven bevel gear (111) is mounted on a portion of the screw rod (11) close to the fixing seat (13); an active bevel gear (81) is mounted on one end of the action shaft of the motor (8) extending toward the mounting tube (1) and meshing with the driven bevel gear (111) to drive the screw rod (11) to rotate synchronously; an annular groove (101) is provided at the joint of the two parts of the mounting tube (1); a pressing rail (51) is provided on the inner wall surface of the buckle (5) and is wrapped around the outer wall of the mounting tube (1) and pressed into the groove (101) for joining the two parts of the mounting tube (1); the mounting mechanism (3) comprises a top ring (31), a bottom ring (32), and a driving ring (81) arranged on the top ring (31); 1) and a bottom ring (32), and a spring rod (34) for elastically connecting the top ring (31) and the bottom ring (32) to the top and bottom of the inner ring (33); the mounting mechanism (3) is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the tube cavity of the mounting tube (1) through the top ring (31) and the bottom ring (32); a fixing rod (331) is installed in the diameter direction of the inner ring (33); a clamping sleeve (332) for mounting the detection mechanism (4) is installed in the middle of the fixing rod (331); an ear plate (333) is provided in the middle of the fixing rod (331); a lug is provided on the ear plate (333) for driving the fixing rod (3) to be connected to the screw (11); and when the screw (11) rotates,The threaded hole (334) enables the installation mechanism (3) to carry the detection mechanism (4) along the tube cavity of the installation tube (1) to perform reciprocating linear motion. The top surface of the fixing rod (331) is provided with a pressing groove (335) corresponding to the vicinity of the clamping sleeve (332). The clamping sleeve (332) is provided with a notch (336) in the transverse direction that is in the same straight line as the pressing groove (335) and is interconnected. One end of the pressing groove (335) is hinged with a pressing seat (337) that spans the notch (336). The detection mechanism (4) includes an optical fiber pressure sensor (41) and a rubber layer (42) sleeved on the outer wall of the optical fiber pressure sensor (41). The optical fiber pressure sensor (41) is inserted into the clamping sleeve (332) in a damping manner from the inner side of the installation mechanism (3) through the rubber layer (42), so that the detection end of the optical fiber pressure sensor (41) extends into the installation tube (1), and at the same time, the two installation mechanisms are located at the same position. The detection ends of the two optical fiber pressure sensors (41) on the structure (3) face each other, the inner and outer ends of the mounting sleeve (332) are connected, and a wire groove (21) connected to the inner hole of the flange (2) is provided on the outer end surface of the flange (2). The optical fiber connection end of the optical fiber pressure sensor (41) passes through the mounting sleeve (332) and the wire groove (21) in sequence, extends to the outside of the mounting tube (1) and is electrically connected to the display device (6). The outer ends of the top ring (31) and the bottom ring (32) are connected to the outer ends of the top ring (31) and the bottom ring (32). A test ring (3312) is provided along the arc-shaped direction of each surface, and the test ring (3312) is provided with an extension edge (3313), and the extension edge (3313) extends in the direction of the inner ring (33), and a drainage space (3314) is left between the extension edge (3313) and the inner ring (33), and the test ring (3312) forms a test cavity (3315) between the extension edge (3313) and the top ring (31) and the bottom ring (32).

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