A biological fertilizer for increasing the yield of winter wheat and corn and its preparation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a biofertilizer for increasing the yield of winter wheat and re-sown corn and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of fertilizer preparation. The biofertilizer for increasing the yield of winter wheat and re-sown corn comprises the following raw materials by mass: 30-40 parts of urea, 10-15 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-3 parts of boric acid, 2-6 parts of magnesium sulfate, 2-6 parts of potassium sulfate, 5-8 parts of fulvic acid extract, 10-15 parts of composite microbial fermentation liquid, 3-5 parts of camptothecin and 5-8 parts of plant ash. The biofertilizer of the invention can significantly increase the yield of wheat and re-sown corn while reducing the amount of fertilizer used, and the biofertilizer can be applied with water in a drip irrigation pipe to achieve synchronous application of water and fertilizer, and the application is simple and convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer preparation, in particular to a biological fertilizer for improving the yield of winter wheat and multi-sown corn and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Wheat belongs to the genus Triticum of the Poaceae family. It is an annual or winter-growing grass crop. There are more than 20 species in the genus Triticum. Wheat is the world's main food crop. According to the data of the World Food and Agriculture Organization, wheat can provide 30% of energy. The global wheat planting area is about 152 million hectares per year, and the output is about 400 million. At present, there are 122 countries and regions in the world that grow wheat. The world's winter wheat planting area accounts for about 3 / 4 of the total wheat area and is widely distributed. The spring wheat area accounts for about 1 / 4, mostly distributed in areas with higher latitudes.

[0003] Winter wheat and corn are two crops per year, which is a common form of crop cultivation. However, due to the limitations of heat resources, varieties, agricultural machinery and other factors, there are few farmlands that can achieve two crops per year. As a result, the planting area of ​​corn is limited, and the output is insufficient to meet market demand, which in turn restricts the development of the breeding industry. In order to increase corn yields, farmers continue to increase the amount of fertilizers used, resulting in a series of problems such as low water and fertilizer utilization, shortage of irrigation water, deterioration of soil quality and water pollution. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a biological fertilizer for improving the yield of winter wheat and corn and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] One of the technical solutions of the present invention is a biological fertilizer for improving the yield of winter wheat and multi-sown corn, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of urea, 10-15 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-3 parts of boric acid, 2-6 parts of magnesium sulfate, 2-6 parts of potassium sulfate, 5-8 parts of fulvic acid extract, 10-15 parts of composite microbial fermentation liquid, 3-5 parts of camptothecin and 5-8 parts of wood ash.

[0007] Furthermore, the composite microbial fermentation liquid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of straw, 15-20 parts of humic acid, 5-6 parts of wood ash, 5-10 parts of soybean meal, 5-6 parts of garlic and 2-3 parts of composite microorganisms.

[0008] Furthermore, the composite microorganism is composed of round brown nitrogen-fixing bacteria, Azospirillum, Bacillus subtilis, Streptomyces tenuifolius, Bacillus licheniformis, and Rhodomyces thiophilus in a mass ratio of 3:1:1:1:1:1.

[0009] Bacillus subtilis, Streptomyces tenuifolius, Bacillus licheniformis, and Sulphurophilic Oomycete can greatly improve soil fertilizer efficiency, protect plants from insect and fungal pests, and at the same time improve soil aggregate structure and improve the soil.

[0010] Bacillus subtilis is a species of the genus Bacillus. It can multiply and colonize rapidly and in large quantities in plants and in the soil where plants grow, effectively preventing the reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms, interfering with the infection of plants by plant pathogenic microorganisms, and destroying the colonization of pathogenic microorganisms on plants, thereby achieving the effect of inhibiting bacteria and controlling diseases. At the same time, Bacillus subtilis can also secrete a variety of enzymes such as amylase, lipase, protease and cellulase, which can decompose and utilize proteins, polysaccharides, etc. to form small molecules.

[0011] Bacillus licheniformis is a Gram-positive thermophilic bacterium that can promote the fermentation of organic matter in organic carriers, provide nitrogen sources for other bacteria, and promote full fermentation.

[0012] Sulfur-loving Rhodomyces oxytoca is a Gram-negative bacterium that can use light as energy and utilize organic matter, sulfide, ammonia, etc. in nature as hydrogen donors and carbon sources under anaerobic conditions to carry out photosynthesis. It can improve soil fertility, improve soil salinization and compaction, and improve the structure of plant rhizosphere microbial communities, maintain the stability of the soil ecosystem, and enhance the ability of plants to resist diseases.

[0013] Azospirillum is a type of associative nitrogen-fixing bacteria that can gather around the roots of plants and even partially enter the root cells to fix nitrogen.

[0014] Azotobacter rotundus is a self-generating nitrogen-fixing bacterium that can independently fix nitrogen in the soil and secrete auxins to promote plant growth and fruit development. However, the effect of simply using Azotobacter rotundus for nitrogen fixation is limited, and unlike symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria, the nitrogen fixation of nitrogen-fixing bacteria can not be promoted by applying phosphorus fertilizer.

[0015] When Azotobacter bisporus and camptothecin are used in combination, camptothecin can create a weakly alkaline microenvironment that is conducive to the nitrogen fixation of Azotobacter bisporus, thereby significantly improving the nitrogen fixation of Azotobacter bisporus, promoting plant growth and development, and increasing crop yields.

[0016] Furthermore, the preparation of the composite microbial fermentation broth specifically includes:

[0017] (1) Weighing each raw material by weight, crushing straw, humic acid, wood ash, soybean meal, and garlic respectively, filtering with a sieve, then mixing the crushed raw materials evenly, adding 1 / 2 weight portion of composite microorganisms, composting and fermenting at room temperature, and obtaining a fermentation raw material;

[0018] (2) stirring and mixing the initial fermentation material, then adding water and the remaining 1 / 2 mass portion of the composite microorganism, stirring and mixing evenly, and then continuing to ferment to obtain a fermentation material;

[0019] (3) The fermentation material is filtered and concentrated to obtain the composite microbial fermentation liquid.

[0020] Furthermore, in step (1), the mesh size of the sieve is 100 to 150 meshes; and the fermentation time is 30 to 40 days.

[0021] Furthermore, in step (2), the mass ratio of the fermentation raw material to water is 1:(8-10); the fermentation time is 15-20 days; and the fermentation temperature is 28-32°C.

[0022] Furthermore, the preparation of the fulvic acid extract specifically includes: evenly mixing the furfural residue water extract, citric acid and EM bacterial powder, and collecting the upper liquid after the fermentation reaction to obtain the fulvic acid extract.

[0023] The fulvic acid extract has a high content of free humic acid and strong biological activity. It can stimulate the growth of crop roots, improve the physical structure of the soil, and provide a guarantee for the good growth of plants.

[0024] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the furfural residue water extract to citric acid is (8-10):1; the mass ratio of the furfural residue water extract to EM bacterial powder is 1000-2000:1.

[0025] Furthermore, the fermentation reaction time is 36 to 48 hours and the temperature is 25 to 28°C.

[0026] The second technical solution of the present invention is a method for preparing the above-mentioned biological fertilizer for improving the yield of winter wheat and corn, comprising the following steps: weighing each raw material according to the mass fraction and mixing it evenly with water to obtain the biological fertilizer for improving the yield of winter wheat and corn.

[0027] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0028] (1) The biofertilizer of the present invention can significantly increase the yield of wheat and multi-sown corn while reducing the amount of fertilizer used.

[0029] (2) The biological fertilizer of the present invention can be applied along with water in the drip irrigation pipe, so that water and fertilizer can be applied simultaneously, and the application is simple and convenient. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0031] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing special embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the scope is also specifically disclosed. Each smaller range between the intermediate value in any stated value or stated range and any other stated value or intermediate value in the described range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded in the scope.

[0032] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. Although the present invention describes only preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In the event of a conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0033] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention description without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. Other embodiments derived from the present invention description will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The present application description and examples are exemplary only.

[0034] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0035] The “parts” described in the following examples are all “parts by mass”.

[0036] The round brown nitrogen-fixing bacteria, Azospirillum, Bacillus subtilis, Streptomyces tenuiflavus, Bacillus licheniformis, Rhodomyces thiophilus, and EM bacterial powder used in the following examples and comparative examples of the present invention are all commercially available.

[0037] The bacterial count of round brown nitrogen-fixing bacteria was 1.0×10 9 cfu / g, the bacterial content of Azospirillum was 1.0×10 9 cfu / g, the bacterial content of Bacillus subtilis is 1.0×10 8 cfu / g, the bacterial count of Streptomyces leucoderma was 50×10 8 cfu / g, the bacterial content of Bacillus licheniformis was 8.0×10 8 cfu / g, the bacterial count of sulfur-loving red oomycetes was 1.0×10 8 cfu / g.

[0038] The nitrogen content of urea used in the following examples of the present invention is 46.0 wt.%.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] A method for preparing a biological fertilizer for increasing the yield of winter wheat and corn:

[0041] The biological fertilizer for improving the yield of winter wheat and replanted corn is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 40 parts of urea, 12 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2 parts of boric acid, 3 parts of magnesium sulfate, 4 parts of potassium sulfate, 6 parts of fulvic acid extract, 15 parts of composite microbial fermentation liquid, 4 parts of camptothecin, and 6 parts of wood ash.

[0042] Preparation method:

[0043] (1) Preparation of fulvic acid extract

[0044] A. Add water to fresh furfural until the water content is 60wt.%, soak for 12h, and centrifuge to obtain the furfural residue water extract.

[0045] B. Evenly mix the furfural residue water extract, citric acid and EM bacterial powder, ferment at a temperature of 25-28°C for 40 hours, and then collect the upper liquid to obtain fulvic acid extract.

[0046] The mass ratio of the furfural residue water extract to citric acid is 9:1; the mass ratio of the furfural residue water extract to EM bacterial powder is 1000:1.

[0047] (2) Preparation of composite microbial fermentation broth

[0048] A. The composite microbial fermentation liquid is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of straw, 20 parts of humic acid, 5 parts of wood ash, 8 parts of soybean meal, 5 parts of garlic, and 3 parts of composite microorganisms.

[0049] The composite microorganisms are composed of round brown nitrogen-fixing bacteria, Azospirillum, Bacillus subtilis, Streptomyces tenuiflavum, Bacillus licheniformis and Rhodomyces thiophilus in a mass ratio of 3:1:1:1:1:1:1.

[0050] B. Preparation of composite microbial fermentation broth

[0051] Weigh each raw material by weight, crush straw, humic acid, wood ash, soybean meal, and garlic respectively, and filter them with a sieve (100 mesh), then mix the crushed raw materials evenly, add 1 / 2 weight portion of composite microorganisms, and adjust the water content to about 50%, compost and ferment at room temperature for 35 days to obtain a fermentation raw material;

[0052] The fermentation material was stirred and mixed (1200r / min, 20min), and then 8 times the mass of water and the remaining 1 / 2 mass of the composite microorganisms were added, and the mixture was stirred and mixed evenly (800r / min, 10min), and the fermentation was continued for 20d (the fermentation temperature was 28-32°C) to obtain the fermentation material;

[0053] The fermentation material is filtered by a filter press to obtain a filtrate, and the filtrate is concentrated to a remaining 1 / 3 volume to obtain a composite microbial fermentation liquid.

[0054] (3) Weigh each raw material according to its mass fraction, then add 50 parts of water and mix evenly to obtain a biofertilizer for increasing the yield of winter wheat and corn.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] A method for preparing a biological fertilizer for increasing the yield of winter wheat and corn:

[0057] The biological fertilizer for improving the yield of winter wheat and replanted corn is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 30 parts of urea, 10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 part of boric acid, 6 parts of magnesium sulfate, 6 parts of potassium sulfate, 8 parts of fulvic acid extract, 10 parts of composite microbial fermentation liquid, 5 parts of camptothecin, and 8 parts of wood ash.

[0058] Preparation method:

[0059] (1) Preparation of fulvic acid extract

[0060] A. Add water to fresh furfural until the water content is 60wt.%, soak for 12h, and centrifuge to obtain the furfural residue water extract.

[0061] B. Evenly mix the furfural residue water extract, citric acid and EM bacterial powder, ferment at 25-28°C for 36 hours, and then collect the upper liquid to obtain fulvic acid extract.

[0062] The mass ratio of the furfural residue water extract to citric acid is 8:1; the mass ratio of the furfural residue water extract to EM bacterial powder is 2000:1.

[0063] (2) Preparation of composite microbial fermentation broth

[0064] A. The composite microbial fermentation liquid is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 parts of straw, 15 parts of humic acid, 5 parts of wood ash, 10 parts of soybean meal, 6 parts of garlic, and 2 parts of composite microorganisms.

[0065] The composite microorganisms are composed of round brown nitrogen-fixing bacteria, Azospirillum, Bacillus subtilis, Streptomyces tenuiflavum, Bacillus licheniformis and Rhodomyces thiophilus in a mass ratio of 3:1:1:1:1:1:1.

[0066] B. Preparation of composite microbial fermentation broth

[0067] Weigh each raw material by weight, crush straw, humic acid, wood ash, soybean meal, and garlic respectively, and filter them with a sieve (150 mesh), then mix the crushed raw materials evenly, add 1 / 2 weight portion of composite microorganisms, and adjust the water content to about 50%, compost and ferment at room temperature for 40 days to obtain fermentation raw materials;

[0068] The fermentation material was stirred and mixed (1200r / min, 20min), and then 10 times the mass of water of the fermentation material and the remaining 1 / 2 mass of the composite microorganism were added, and the mixture was stirred and mixed evenly (800r / min, 10min), and the fermentation was continued for 15d (the fermentation temperature was 28-32°C) to obtain the fermentation material;

[0069] The fermentation material is filtered by a filter press to obtain a filtrate, and the filtrate is concentrated to a remaining 1 / 3 volume to obtain a composite microbial fermentation liquid.

[0070] (3) Weigh each raw material according to its mass fraction, then add 30 parts of water and mix evenly to obtain a biofertilizer for increasing the yield of winter wheat and corn.

[0071] Example 3

[0072] A method for preparing a biological fertilizer for increasing the yield of winter wheat and corn:

[0073] The biological fertilizer for improving the yield of winter wheat and replanted corn is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 36 parts of urea, 15 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 3 parts of boric acid, 3 parts of magnesium sulfate, 2 parts of potassium sulfate, 5 parts of fulvic acid extract, 12 parts of composite microbial fermentation liquid, 3 parts of camptothecin, and 5 parts of wood ash.

[0074] Preparation method:

[0075] (1) Preparation of fulvic acid extract

[0076] A. Add water to fresh furfural until the water content is 60wt.%, soak for 12h, and centrifuge to obtain the furfural residue water extract.

[0077] B. Evenly mix the furfural residue water extract, citric acid and EM bacterial powder, ferment at a temperature of 25-28°C for 48 hours, and then collect the upper liquid to obtain fulvic acid extract.

[0078] The mass ratio of the furfural residue water extract to citric acid is 10:1; the mass ratio of the furfural residue water extract to EM bacterial powder is 1500:1.

[0079] (2) Preparation of composite microbial fermentation broth

[0080] A. The composite microbial fermentation liquid is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of straw, 18 parts of humic acid, 6 parts of wood ash, 5 parts of soybean meal, 5 parts of garlic, and 3 parts of composite microorganisms.

[0081] The composite microorganisms are composed of round brown nitrogen-fixing bacteria, Azospirillum, Bacillus subtilis, Streptomyces tenuiflavum, Bacillus licheniformis and Rhodomyces thiophilus in a mass ratio of 3:1:1:1:1:1:1.

[0082] B. Preparation of composite microbial fermentation broth

[0083] Weigh each raw material by weight, crush straw, humic acid, wood ash, soybean meal, and garlic respectively, and filter them with a sieve (100 mesh), then mix the crushed raw materials evenly, add 1 / 2 weight portion of composite microorganisms, and adjust the water content to about 50%, compost and ferment at room temperature for 30 days to obtain fermentation raw materials;

[0084] The fermentation material was stirred and mixed (1200r / min, 20min), and then 9 times the mass of water and the remaining 1 / 2 mass of the composite microorganisms were added, and the mixture was stirred and mixed evenly (800r / min, 10min), and the fermentation was continued for 18 days (the fermentation temperature was 28-32°C) to obtain the fermentation material;

[0085] The fermentation material is filtered by a filter press to obtain a filtrate, and the filtrate is concentrated to a remaining 1 / 3 volume to obtain a composite microbial fermentation liquid.

[0086] (3) Weigh each raw material according to its mass fraction, then add 50 parts of water and mix evenly to obtain a biofertilizer for increasing the yield of winter wheat and corn.

[0087] Comparative Example 1

[0088] The same as Example 1, except that the round brown nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the composite microorganisms are replaced with an equal mass of Azospirillum.

[0089] Comparative Example 2

[0090] The same as Example 1, except that the sulfur-loving Rhodomycetes in the composite microorganism is replaced by an equal mass of Bacillus subtilis.

[0091] Comparative Example 3

[0092] The same as Example 1, except that the camptothecin in the biological fertilizer is replaced by methylamine of equal molar mass.

[0093] Comparative Example 4

[0094] The same as Example 1, except that the wood ash is replaced with lime powder of equal mass.

[0095] Comparative Example 5

[0096] Same as Example 1, except that the preparation of the composite microbial fermentation broth is:

[0097] Weigh each raw material by mass, crush straw, humic acid, wood ash, soybean meal, and garlic respectively, and filter them through a sieve (100 mesh), then mix the crushed raw materials evenly, add composite microorganisms, adjust the water content to about 50%, and compost and ferment at room temperature for 35 days to obtain a fermentation raw material;

[0098] The fermentation material was stirred and mixed (1200r / min, 20min), and then 8 times the mass of water of the fermentation material was added, and stirred and mixed evenly (800r / min, 10min), and fermentation was continued for 20d (the fermentation temperature was 28-32°C) to obtain a fermentation material;

[0099] The fermentation material is filtered by a filter press to obtain a filtrate, and the filtrate is concentrated to a remaining 1 / 3 volume to obtain a composite microbial fermentation liquid.

[0100] Comparative Example 6

[0101] Same as Example 1, except that the preparation of the composite microbial fermentation broth is:

[0102] Weigh each raw material by weight, crush straw, humic acid, wood ash, soybean meal, and garlic respectively, and filter them with a sieve (100 mesh), then mix the crushed raw materials evenly, add 4 / 5 of the composite microorganisms by weight, and adjust the water content to about 50%, compost and ferment at room temperature for 35 days to obtain the fermentation raw material;

[0103] The fermentation material was stirred and mixed (1200r / min, 20min), and then 8 times the mass of water and the remaining 1 / 5 mass of the composite microorganisms were added, and the mixture was stirred and mixed evenly (800r / min, 10min), and the fermentation was continued for 20d (the fermentation temperature was 28-32°C) to obtain the fermentation material;

[0104] The fermentation material is filtered by a filter press to obtain a filtrate, and the filtrate is concentrated to a remaining 1 / 3 volume to obtain a composite microbial fermentation liquid.

[0105] Effect Example 1

[0106] The biological fertilizers prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 of the present invention are used for wheat planting and corn replanting, and the specific method is as follows:

[0107] (1) Drip irrigation tapes were arranged at the planting site, with a drip flow rate of 0.8 L / h, a distance between drippers of 0.2 m, and a row spacing of (0.4+0.4+0.8) m. The drip irrigation tapes for winter wheat were arranged in a pattern of 1 tube and 4 rows, and for multi-sown corn, 1 tube and 4 rows.

[0108] (2) Winter wheat (New Winter No. 22) was sown artificially around October, and biological fertilizer (prepared in the embodiments of the present invention and the comparative example) was drip-irrigated once during the greening stage, jointing stage and booting stage of the winter wheat, with 20 kg per mu per drip irrigation each time.

[0109] (3) Winter wheat was harvested in mid-June of the second year. After the winter wheat was harvested, corn was sown manually in the wheat stubble rows at a spacing of 20 cm. Biofertilizer (prepared in the embodiments of the present invention and the comparative example) was drip-irrigated once at the jointing stage, bell-shaped stage, and silking stage of the corn, with 30 kg of fertilizer per mu each time.

[0110] (4) Carry out routine field management.

[0111] The yields of winter wheat and double-sown corn were measured and the results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0112] Table 1 Winter wheat yield

[0113]

[0114] Note: The amount of pure nitrogen per drip irrigation is calculated based on the urea content in the biofertilizer.

[0115] Table 2 Yield of double-sown corn

[0116]

[0117]

[0118] Note: The amount of pure nitrogen per drip irrigation is calculated based on the urea content in the biofertilizer.

[0119] It can be seen from Table 1 and Table 2 that when the biological fertilizer prepared by the present invention is used to plant wheat and multi-sow corn, the application amount of fertilizer can be reduced while ensuring the yield of wheat and corn, and a series of problems such as soil quality deterioration and water environment pollution caused by excessive fertilization can be avoided when a low amount of pure nitrogen is applied.

[0120] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biological fertilizer for increasing the yield of winter wheat and corn, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of urea, 10-15 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-3 parts of boric acid, 2-6 parts of magnesium sulfate, 2-6 parts of potassium sulfate, 5-8 parts of fulvic acid extract, 10-15 parts of composite microbial fermentation liquid, 3-5 parts of camptothecin and 5-8 parts of plant ash; The composite microbial fermentation liquid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of straw, 15-20 parts of humic acid, 5-6 parts of plant ash, 5-10 parts of soybean meal, 5-6 parts of garlic and 2-3 parts of composite microorganisms; The composite microorganisms are composed of round brown nitrogen-fixing bacteria, Azospirillum, Bacillus subtilis, Streptomyces tenuiflavum, Bacillus licheniformis, and Rhodomyces thiophilus in a mass ratio of 3:1:1:1:1:1; The preparation of the composite microbial fermentation broth specifically includes: (1) Weighing each raw material by weight, crushing straw, humic acid, wood ash, soybean meal, and garlic respectively, filtering with a sieve, then mixing the crushed raw materials evenly, adding 1 / 2 weight portion of composite microorganisms, composting and fermenting at room temperature, and obtaining a fermentation raw material; (2) stirring and mixing the initial fermentation material, then adding water and the remaining 1 / 2 mass portion of the composite microorganism, stirring and mixing evenly, and then continuing to ferment to obtain a fermentation material; (3) filtering and concentrating the fermentation material to obtain the composite microbial fermentation liquid; In step (1), the mesh size of the sieve is 100 to 150 meshes; the fermentation time is 30 to 40 days; In step (2), the mass ratio of the fermentation raw material to water is 1:(8-10); the fermentation time is 15-20 days, and the temperature is 28-32°C; The preparation of the fulvic acid extract specifically includes: mixing the furfural residue water extract, citric acid and EM bacterial powder evenly, collecting the upper liquid after the fermentation reaction, and obtaining the fulvic acid extract; the mass ratio of the furfural residue water extract and the citric acid is (8-10):1; the mass ratio of the furfural residue water extract and the EM bacterial powder is 1000-2000:1; the fermentation reaction time is 36-48 hours, and the temperature is 25-28°C.

2. A method for preparing the biological fertilizer for improving the yield of winter wheat and corn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: weighing various raw materials according to mass fractions, and mixing them evenly with water to obtain the biological fertilizer for improving the yield of winter wheat and multi-sown corn.

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