New heat source generator using waste carbon-containing refractory material and heating method thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a novel heat source generator utilizing waste carbon-containing refractory materials and a method for recycling and heating these materials. The generator includes a furnace body for burning the carbon-containing refractory materials, a feeding system for providing combustible materials to the furnace body, a combustion-supporting system for supporting material combustion, and a combustion-supporting agent added to the upper section of the furnace body to promote continuous combustion of the refractory materials. A cooling system promptly removes the heat generated by combustion, which can be used for heating, power generation, providing hot water for bathing, etc. Through the above device and method, carbon in waste materials is removed at a lower cost while fully utilizing the heat generated by combustion, thus reducing overall production costs and energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a device for recycling and utilizing waste carbon-containing high-temperature resistant materials and its application, specifically to a novel heat source generator and its heating method utilizing waste carbon-containing refractory materials. Background Technology

[0002] Carbon-containing refractory materials, including magnesia-carbon bricks and magnesia-alumina-carbon bricks, are generally used in blast furnaces for ironmaking. When these materials need to be replaced after a long period of use, they are often removed from the blast furnace and disposed of through methods such as landfilling, or recycled through methods such as washing. However, existing recycling methods are relatively outdated, require a large amount of energy, and are neither environmentally friendly nor economical. In existing recycling methods, the carbon component in carbon-containing refractory materials is generally considered an impurity and needs to be removed to recover the effective component, magnesium oxide, for the regeneration of magnesia bricks. This not only results in high recycling costs and waste of valuable carbon sources, but also easily causes pollution and fails to meet environmental protection requirements. Due to these factors, magnesia mining areas and manufacturers of magnesia-carbon and magnesia-alumina-carbon bricks currently lack the motivation to reuse waste carbon-containing refractory materials, resulting in a very low utilization rate.

[0003] For the reasons mentioned above, the inventors have conducted in-depth research on existing methods for recycling and processing waste carbonaceous refractory materials, hoping to design a new processing device and method that can solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the aforementioned problems, the inventors conducted intensive research and designed a novel heat source generator and its heating method utilizing waste carbon-containing refractory materials. The generator includes a furnace body comprising at least three interconnected pipe sections from top to bottom: an upper pipe section, a middle pipe section, and a lower pipe section. In the upper pipe section, a combustion aid is added to promote the continuous combustion of the refractory material, while simultaneously expelling the generated flue gas and excess air / nitrogen from the furnace to the outside. A cooling system is added inside the furnace to promptly remove the heat generated by combustion. This removed heat can be used for heating, power generation, providing hot water for bathing, etc. Through the above method and device, carbon in waste materials is removed at the lowest possible cost, while fully utilizing the heat generated by combustion, thereby reducing overall production costs and energy consumption, thus completing this invention.

[0005] Specifically, the purpose of this invention is to provide a novel heat source generator that utilizes waste carbonaceous refractory materials.

[0006] The generator includes a furnace body for burning carbonaceous refractory materials, a feeding system for providing combustible materials to the furnace body, and a combustion-supporting system for the combustion of materials.

[0007] The furnace body comprises three interconnected pipe sections from top to bottom:

[0008] In the upper pipe section, the material continuously interacts with the combustion-supporting agent from the self-combustion system, generating heat.

[0009] In the middle section, the combusted material continues to cool down, and

[0010] The lower pipe section has a discharge port at its bottom, from which the cooled material is discharged.

[0011] Preferably, the upper pipe section and the middle pipe section can be integrally formed, and the lower pipe section is fixed to the middle pipe section. More preferably, the lower pipe section is set in a constricted shape.

[0012] The combustion-supporting system is used to inject a combustion-supporting agent (which can be oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas, such as air, preferably air) into the furnace body. It mainly includes blowers, and multiple blowers can be installed, for example, at least two, preferably in pairs, or at equal intervals along the perimeter of the furnace body.

[0013] Preferably, each blower has at least one main air supply duct connected to a branch duct.

[0014] The furnace body is equipped with a sealed top cover, which is hemispherical in shape and connected to a feeding system and an exhaust system.

[0015] The feeding system includes a mixing tank and a feeding pipeline. The mixing tank contains preferably crushed waste carbonaceous refractory material. Optionally, auxiliary fuel is added before, after, or simultaneously with the addition of the waste carbonaceous refractory material.

[0016] Preferably, the feeding system further includes a material diversion device, one end of which is connected to the feeding pipe and the other end is connected to the inside of the furnace.

[0017] The generator also includes a cooling system, which mainly comprises a coolant inlet pipe, a coolant outlet pipe and connected cooling pipes, as well as an optional drive unit for bubbling in coolant and providing power.

[0018] Preferably, the cooling pipe can be a spiral coil or a vertical pipe.

[0019] More preferably, the spiral coil includes a lower spiral tube, a middle spiral tube, and an upper spiral tube connected sequentially from bottom to top; the vertical pipe includes an upper ring tube, a lower ring tube, and a riser tube disposed between the two.

[0020] A material removal machine, consisting of multiple parallel spiral rods, is installed at the bottom of the furnace.

[0021] Preferably, toothed grooves are formed on the outer contour of the blades of the screw rod.

[0022] A heat exchanger is installed on the outside of the furnace body. Its heat source inlet is connected to the coolant output pipe. The cold medium in the heat exchanger can be air. After being heated in the heat exchanger, it is connected to the air inlet of the blower of the combustion system.

[0023] Multiple temperature sensors are installed in the furnace body from top to bottom.

[0024] The present invention also provides a method for recycling and processing waste carbonaceous refractory materials, preferably using the heat source generator described above for recycling and heating, comprising the following steps:

[0025] Step 1: Fill the furnace body with combustible material.

[0026] Step 2: Activate the combustion-supporting system and ventilation system, and ignite the ignition source;

[0027] Step 3: Start the feeding system, add materials to the furnace, and ignite them;

[0028] Step 4: Start the material discharge machine to gradually discharge the calcined material.

[0029] The present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0030] (1) According to the novel heat source generator and its heating method provided by the present invention, it is possible to continuously obtain decarbonized refractory materials with low cost input. The material is a mixed raw material mainly composed of magnesium oxide and containing a small amount of aluminum oxide and silicon oxide. The raw material can be directly used to produce refractory bricks, realize recycling, and effectively reduce material costs.

[0031] (2) According to the novel heat source generator and its heating method provided by the present invention, the heat generated by carbon combustion can be transferred to the outside of the furnace body in a timely manner through the cooling system, so that the heat can be fully recovered and utilized, energy can be recovered, material utilization efficiency can be improved, and economic benefits can be enhanced. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the heat source generator according to the present invention is shown;

[0033] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view is shown when the cooling pipe of the heat source generator according to an embodiment of the present invention is a spiral coil.

[0034] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a heat source generator according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown when the cooling pipe is a vertical pipe;

[0035] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the material removal machine structure of a heat source generator according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0036] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the piping connection between a heat source generator and a heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided.

[0037] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0038] 1-Furnace body

[0039] 11- Upper pipe section

[0040] 12-Middle section

[0041] 13-Lower Pipe Section

[0042] 14-Screw rod

[0043] 141-blade

[0044] 142-tooth groove

[0045] 15-Water pipe

[0046] 2-Sealed top cover

[0047] 3-Combustion Support System

[0048] 31-Blower

[0049] 32-Main air supply duct

[0050] 33-Branch pipe

[0051] 4-Feeding System

[0052] 41-Mixing Tank

[0053] 42-Feeding pipe

[0054] 5-Exhaust system

[0055] 61-Coolant enters the pipeline

[0056] 62-Cooling pipe

[0057] 63-Coolant Output Pipe

[0058] 71-Lower Helical Tube

[0059] 72-Medium Helical Tube

[0060] 73-Upper Helical Tube

[0061] 81-Upper Ring Pipe

[0062] 82-Lower Ring Pipe

[0063] 83-Riser

[0064] 9-Heat Exchanger Detailed Implementation

[0065] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Through these descriptions, the features and advantages of the present invention will become clearer and more apparent.

[0066] The term “exemplary” as used herein means “serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration.” Any embodiment illustrated herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as superior to or better than other embodiments. Although various aspects of embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated otherwise.

[0067] According to the present invention, the combustible materials used are mainly carbon-containing refractory materials, such as magnesia-carbon bricks, magnesia-alumina-carbon bricks, etc., especially waste refractory materials used in ironmaking / steelmaking blast furnaces, which contain a large amount of carbon components, i.e. carbon. Taking magnesia-carbon bricks as an example, the carbon content accounts for about 5-10% of the total weight.

[0068] The inventors have discovered that when heated to a certain temperature in the presence of a combustion accelerant, primarily oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas such as air, the carbon in carbon-containing refractory materials can burn, transforming into carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide depending on the degree of combustion, and generating a large amount of heat.

[0069] Therefore, this invention provides a novel heat source generator utilizing waste carbonaceous refractory materials. It mainly includes a furnace body 1 for burning the carbonaceous refractory materials, a feeding system 4 for providing combustible materials to the furnace body 1, a combustion-supporting system 3 for supporting material combustion, and optional other systems or components, such as a sealed top cover 2 installed on the top of the furnace body 1, an exhaust system 5 connected to the furnace body 1 through the sealed top cover 2, and a cooling system, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown in the image.

[0070] In the generator provided by the present invention, the furnace body 1 is used for the combustion of carbonaceous refractory materials in the presence of a combustion aid. Therefore, on the one hand, it receives materials from the feeding system 4 and combustion aids provided by the combustion aid system 3 and performs combustion, and on the other hand, it discharges the heat of combustion and the materials after combustion.

[0071] Therefore, the furnace body 1 includes at least three interconnected pipe sections from top to bottom: an upper pipe section 11, a middle pipe section 12, and a lower pipe section 13, as follows: Figure 2 As shown. In the upper pipe section 11, the material continuously interacts with the combustion aid from the self-combustion system 3 and generates heat. In the middle pipe section 12, the material is continuously cooled down. A discharge port is provided at the bottom of the lower pipe section 13, and the material cooled down in the middle pipe section 12 is discharged from the discharge port.

[0072] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upper pipe section 11 and the middle pipe section 12 can be integrally formed, that is, they are the same cylindrical structure, and the lower pipe section 13 needs to be fixed to the middle pipe section 12 by welding or other means.

[0073] In this invention, the main combustion operation takes place in the upper pipe section 11. To facilitate combustion, the material provided by the feeding system 4 is crushed waste refractory material, which can be in block or granular form. Preferably, the material contains 20% by weight of particles with a diameter between 40 and 50 mm, 40% by weight of particles with a diameter between 20 and 40 mm, 30% by weight of particles with a diameter between 5 and 20 mm, and 10% by weight of particles with a diameter less than 5 mm. With continuous addition of combustion aid, this material is easily and completely burned in the upper pipe section 11, making this section the highest temperature part of the reactor. During the stable combustion stage, the combustion temperature in the upper pipe section can reach hundreds to thousands of degrees, for example, above 800°C, preferably above 1000°C, or even 1100°C.

[0074] As the material continues to burn in the upper pipe section 11, the combustible carbon content gradually decreases, while the material continues to move downward in the upper pipe section 11 under the action of gravity.

[0075] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the height of the upper pipe section 11 is designed such that when the material enters the middle pipe section 12, the combustible carbon components in the material are essentially burned out. Simultaneously, the reactor structure is designed not to provide additional combustion aid to the middle pipe section 12; that is, a combustion aid system 3 is provided on the side of the upper pipe section 11, but no combustion aid is provided to the middle pipe section 12. Therefore, apart from a small amount of combustion aid from the upper pipe section 11, the middle pipe section 12 generally cannot obtain sufficient combustion aid. Thus, combustion is essentially completed in the middle pipe section 12, and the material continues to cool down. Simultaneously, under the influence of gravity, the material continuously descends in the middle pipe section 12, allowing it to enter the lower pipe section 13 at a much lower temperature than the upper pipe section 11 and be discharged from the bottom of the lower pipe section 13.

[0076] Therefore, according to the present invention, by dividing the furnace body 1 into three sections, especially by setting the middle tube section 12, the material can have sufficient time and space to continuously cool down after being fully burned in the upper tube section 11. This ensures that the relevant discharge structure at the lower tube section 13 will not be accelerated to age and be damaged due to excessively high material temperature, thereby improving the overall service life and safety and reliability of the equipment. It also provides the possibility of heat recovery and reuse. By exchanging heat with the cooling medium, heat can be fully absorbed and utilized, avoiding heat loss and reducing energy consumption.

[0077] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the height of the middle pipe section 12 is 1.5 to 2 times the height of the upper pipe section 11, so that the material has sufficient time and space to be cooled down in the middle pipe section 12.

[0078] In this invention, the upper pipe section 11 and the middle pipe section 12 can be cylindrical with the same outer diameter, preferably integrally formed, and the lower pipe section 13 is fixedly connected to the middle pipe section 12.

[0079] The inventors have discovered that after the material in the upper pipe section 11 is fully combusted, its overall bonding strength decreases, it becomes more brittle, the gaps between the materials decrease, and the material volume decreases, so the total volume occupied by the material decreases accordingly.

[0080] Therefore, in order to accommodate the addition and discharge of combusted materials and maintain the overall stability of the materials within the furnace, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lower pipe section 13 is configured as a tapering shape, that is, the lower pipe section 13 gradually tapers from the part where it connects with the middle pipe section 12, i.e., it has a shape that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. For example, the bottom cross-section of the lower pipe section 13 is rectangular, and the top cross-section of the lower pipe section 13 is circular. Therefore, the lower pipe section 13 as a whole has a gradually changing tapering shape. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the image.

[0081] In this invention, a combustion-supporting agent is injected into the furnace body 1 in real time through a combustion-supporting system 3. The combustion-supporting system 3 mainly includes blowers 31, and multiple blowers 31 can be installed, for example, at least two. The number of blowers 31 can be selected according to actual conditions, such as two, three, four, etc. They can be installed in pairs or at equal intervals along the periphery of the furnace body 1. Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, two are arranged symmetrically.

[0082] According to the present invention, each blower 31 corresponds to at least one main air supply pipe 32, and multiple branch pipes 33 connected in parallel are connected to the main air supply pipe 32; the branch pipes 33 pass through the wall of the furnace body 1 and extend into the upper pipe section 11.

[0083] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the power of the blower is adjustable and can be adjusted in real time according to the degree of material crushing and the corresponding particle density, so as to provide the most suitable air supply effect for the material. On the one hand, it can meet the requirements of complete combustion, and on the other hand, it can avoid the fine material particles from being blown away, especially to avoid them being discharged outside the furnace body 1 through the exhaust system 5, which would not only prevent them from being recycled, but also increase the load on the exhaust system 5.

[0084] The combustion aid used in this invention can be oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas, such as air, preferably air, i.e., atmospheric air is directly pumped into the furnace body 1. Using air as a combustion aid not only has the advantage of low cost, but the large amount of nitrogen in the air can also dilute the combustion aid, i.e., the oxygen, avoiding the problem of excessively high local temperatures and incomplete combustion of other materials. In addition, the increased temperature of nitrogen, along with the carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and other gases produced by combustion, additionally acts as a heat carrier, facilitating heat exchange with the cooling medium, and is then discharged through the exhaust system 5. Figure 1 and 5 As shown.

[0085] According to the present invention, a sealed top cover 2 is provided on the top of the upper pipe section 11 of the furnace body 1, and a feeding system 4 and an exhaust system 5 are connected to the top cover 2, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown in the image.

[0086] In this invention, the sealed top cover 2 is a hemispherical cover, which can be used to fix the feeding pipe 42 of the feeding system 4 and the exhaust pipe of the exhaust system 5, and can also be used for heat insulation to prevent heat loss and improve the overall thermal energy utilization efficiency. It can also prevent smoke from overflowing and polluting the air.

[0087] According to the present invention, materials are added to the furnace body 1 in real time through the feeding system 4, which is used to add materials, namely waste carbonaceous refractory materials, to the furnace body 1. Preferably, the feeding system 4 includes a mixing tank 41 and a feeding pipe 42. Crushed waste carbonaceous refractory materials are added to the mixing tank 41, and auxiliary fuels, such as bio-based fuels, coal, oil fuels, etc., are optionally added.

[0088] Unbound by any theory, the working principle of the heat source generator provided by this invention is mainly to fully burn the carbon in the waste carbon-containing refractory materials and remove it in gaseous form. On the one hand, a heat source is obtained, which can be reused after recycling. On the other hand, the material after combustion is mainly slag composed of magnesium oxide. High-purity magnesium oxide can be obtained through simple processing. At the same time, the material properties of magnesium oxide are improved to a certain extent through combustion treatment.

[0089] Furthermore, the heat source generator provided by the present invention, through optimized furnace body structural design, enables continuous operation of the above-mentioned operations such as combustion of carbonaceous refractory materials, heat exchange between combustion heat and cooling system, emission of furnace gas, and unloading of slag after combustion.

[0090] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the combustion operation in the furnace body 1 can be carried out continuously, thereby continuously outputting the magnesium oxide material obtained after combustion treatment. In this case, the inventors have found that adding biofuel to waste carbonaceous refractory materials helps combustion, especially maintaining continuous combustion. The reason may be that waste carbonaceous refractory materials vary in type and quality, and the carbon content also varies slightly. A lower carbon content may affect the combustion of waste carbonaceous refractory materials, and in some cases, it may lead to unsustainable combustion or even cause the entire heat source generator to be interrupted.

[0091] Therefore, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, auxiliary fuel such as bio-based fuel is added to the mixing tank 41 of the feeding system 4, which can be added before, after or at the same time as the waste carbon-containing refractory material is added, thereby increasing the overall carbon content of the material.

[0092] In this invention, the bio-based fuel can be plant-based biofuel, which can come from woody or herbaceous plants, such as rice straw, stalks, wood chips, sawdust, etc. It is preferred to dry and crush them, and straw pellets, sawdust pellets, etc. are preferred because they are easy to burn and are mainly carbon-based biomass. The combustion products are similar to carbon, which reduces pollution and is easy to remove with the gaseous substances after carbon combustion.

[0093] Preferably, the amount of biofuel added in this invention is related to the carbon content of the waste carbon-containing refractory material. Preferably, by adding biofuel, the carbon content in the mixed material in the mixing tank 41 is more than 8% of the total weight. That is, when the carbon content in the waste carbon-containing refractory material is high, above 8%, no biofuel needs to be added. When the carbon content in the waste carbon-containing refractory material is low, below 8%, biofuel is added to it so that the carbon content in the mixed material is more than 8% of the total weight.

[0094] Preferably, the mixing tank 41 is equipped with a stirring device, which thoroughly mixes the waste carbonaceous refractory material with auxiliary fuels such as bio-based fuels to facilitate continuous and complete combustion in the furnace body 1.

[0095] More preferably, the feeding system 4 further includes a material diversion device disposed inside the top cover 2. The material diversion device includes multiple evenly distributed diversion pipes. One end of the diversion pipe is connected to the feeding pipe 42, and the other end is connected to the upper edge of the furnace body 1, thereby dispersing the material in the feeding system 4 into the furnace body 1.

[0096] In this invention, the exhaust system 5 extracts and discharges the gas from the furnace body 1 in real time. The gas in the furnace body 1 mainly includes nitrogen introduced by the combustion system, as well as flue gas and dust generated during combustion. After the exhaust system 5 extracts the gas, it is recycled and then discharged into the atmosphere. Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown in the image.

[0097] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a dust collection bag for recycling is installed at the outlet of the exhaust system 5. The dust collection bag adsorbs and recycles fine material particles or dust, preventing them from being directly emitted into the air. The material recovered by the dust collection bag can be used as bulk material to make carbon ball modification agent, realizing the secondary utilization of materials.

[0098] According to another preferred embodiment, the gas mixed with flue gas and dust is first introduced into a heat exchange device before entering the dust collection bag. The gas is cooled by the heat exchange device before it is introduced into the dust collection bag. The heat exchange device can use water as a cooling medium. After exchanging heat with the gas, the temperature of the cooling water increases and can be used for heating. It can also be used as the cooling medium of the cooling system in this invention.

[0099] In this invention, a cooling system is provided in the furnace body 1. This cooling system continuously absorbs heat from the furnace body 1 and transfers the heat out of the furnace body 1 in real time, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown in the image.

[0100] According to the present invention, the cooling system includes a coolant inlet pipe 61 extending from the lower part of the middle pipe section 12 into the furnace body 1, and a cooling pipe 62 connected to the coolant inlet pipe 61. A coolant outlet pipe 63 extending from the furnace body 1 is also provided at the upper part of the upper pipe section 11.

[0101] Preferably, the cooling system may further include a drive device for blowing coolant into the cooling pipe 62 and providing power for the circulation of coolant.

[0102] In one embodiment of the present invention, the cooling pipe 62 can be a spiral coil, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the cooling pipe 62 is preferably positioned adjacent to the inner wall of the furnace body 1. Preferably, the spiral coil of the present invention is wound around the inner wall of the furnace body 1. Placing the spiral coil on the edge wall of the furnace body 1 ensures the overall vertical flow capacity of the furnace body 1 and prevents material flow from being obstructed. The material flow process in the present invention is as follows: after the material enters the furnace body from the top feeding system, it continues to move downwards and is finally discharged from the bottom outlet after 10 to 12 hours.

[0103] The cooling pipe 62 includes a lower spiral pipe 71, a middle spiral pipe 72 and an upper spiral pipe 73 connected sequentially from bottom to top; the lower spiral pipe 71 is located inside the middle pipe section 12, the middle spiral pipe 72 is located inside the middle pipe section 12 and the upper pipe section 11, and the upper spiral pipe 73 is located inside the upper pipe section 11.

[0104] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inner diameters of the lower spiral tube 71, the middle spiral tube 72, and the upper spiral tube 73 increase sequentially. This design ensures that the pressure inside the pipes does not increase excessively when the coolant expands due to heat, thus ensuring the safe and stable operation of the cooling system. Furthermore, since the upper pipe section has a higher temperature and requires sufficient heat exchange, the larger pipe diameter further enhances the heat exchange effect.

[0105] Preferably, the cooling pipe 62 may include multiple parallel spiral coils, thereby reducing the coolant travel in each spiral coil, increasing the overall coolant flow rate, and improving the cooling effect.

[0106] In another embodiment of the present invention, the cooling pipe 62 is a vertical pipe, including an upper ring pipe 81 at the top and a lower ring pipe 82 at the bottom; a vertically arranged riser 83 is provided between the upper ring pipe 81 and the lower ring pipe 82, and multiple risers 83 may be arranged parallel to each other, such as... Figure 3 As shown;

[0107] Preferably, the inner diameter of the riser 83 increases in a stepped manner from bottom to top. This design of the vertical pipe can also adapt to changes in coolant volume and maintain heat transfer capacity and safety, while achieving a larger coolant flow rate without occupying excessive space within the furnace body 1. This reduces the coolant's dwell time within the furnace body and increases the coolant's circulation speed.

[0108] As previously described, the end of the branch pipe 33 of the combustion-supporting system 3 passes through the wall of the furnace body 1, preferably through the cooling system inside the furnace body 1, and more preferably through the gaps in the cooling pipes of the cooling system. The end of the branch pipe 33 can then, for example, abut against the material. The advantage of this design is that the combustion-supporting agent can be injected into the furnace body 1 in real time and in large quantities, and diffuse into the gaps between the materials packed in the upper pipe section 11. Preferably, the blower of the combustion-supporting system 3 has sufficient power to provide strong airflow, allowing the combustion-supporting agent to fully contact all the materials in the upper pipe section 11.

[0109] The coolant in this invention can be appropriately selected according to specific circumstances, such as common media like water or air. As mentioned above, the coolant can be water or air that has undergone heat exchange through the exhaust system 5.

[0110] Preferably, the coolant can be recycled, that is, the coolant flowing out of the coolant output pipe 63 is recycled and reintroduced into the coolant inlet pipe 61, with or without heat exchange, thereby raising the coolant temperature to a predetermined temperature. This predetermined temperature can be selected according to the subsequent utilization plan of the coolant. For example, if used to provide hot water for bathing, the temperature can reach about 50°C; if used for power generation and heating, the coolant temperature can be higher, reaching 90-100°C. When the generator of the present invention processes a unit weight of waste material per hour, most of the heat released by combustion, for example, more than 50%, preferably 60-80%, can be carried away from the furnace by the cooling system for further use.

[0111] According to the present invention, a material removal machine is provided at the discharge port at the bottom of the furnace body 1, particularly at the bottom of the lower pipe section 13. The material removal machine includes multiple spiral rods 14 arranged parallel to each other, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the screw rod 14, on the one hand, bears the weight of the material in the furnace body 1, and on the other hand, discharges the material (mainly magnesium oxide) that has become caking to a certain extent after combustion by rotating.

[0112] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a toothed groove 142 is formed on the outer contour of the blade 141 of the screw rod 14, such as... Figure 4 As shown, when the screw rod 14 rotates, the grooves on the blades can contact the material. When the material naturally clumps or becomes compacted, the grooves can increase the friction intensity between the blades and the material, thereby making it easier to break the compacted material into small pieces, which fall through the gaps between the blades and be discharged.

[0113] Preferably, the middle part of the spiral rod 14 is a through hole connected to the water pipe 15, so that the spiral rod can be cooled by water in the water pipe 15 in real time during operation, ensuring that the temperature on the spiral rod 14 is maintained within a safe range, improving the service life of the spiral rod 14, and ensuring the overall stability of the system.

[0114] Preferably, the multiple screw rods 14 rotate simultaneously, but their rotation speed can be selected and controlled. In particular, the rotation speed of the screw rods 14 at different positions can be set differently or can be adjusted independently, so as to control the descent speed of the internal or edge materials and select and control according to the specific combustion conditions in the furnace.

[0115] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a heat exchanger 9 is provided outside the furnace body 1, and the heat source inlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the coolant outlet pipe 63, such as... Figure 5 As shown in the image.

[0116] Therefore, in this invention, the coolant exiting from the furnace body 1 via the output pipe 63 enters the heat exchanger 9. After contacting the cold medium in the heat exchanger 9, its temperature decreases, while the cold medium heats up, thus achieving heat conversion. The cold medium can be ordinary air. Preferably, the ordinary air is heated in the heat exchanger 9 and then connected to the air inlet of the blower of the combustion-supporting system 3. Under the action of the blower, it enters the upper pipe section 11, thereby enabling the combustion-supporting system 3 to provide the furnace body 1 with a combustion-supporting agent at a certain temperature, further improving the combustion efficiency in the upper pipe section 11 and ensuring that the combustion operation in the upper pipe section 11 is continuous and uninterrupted.

[0117] Furthermore, the coolant exiting from the heat exchanger 9 can be further used for heat energy utilization operations such as power generation, heating, and hot water supply.

[0118] In a preferred embodiment, four temperature sensors are arranged sequentially from top to bottom in the furnace body 1, wherein:

[0119] The first temperature sensor 91 is located inside the sealed top cover 2, and adjacent to the exhaust pipe interface of the exhaust system 5, such as... Figure 2 As shown in the image.

[0120] With this design, the present invention can measure the temperature of the flue gas entering the exhaust duct in real time, i.e., the flue gas outlet temperature; preferably, the first temperature sensor 91 is connected to the feeding system 4 by signal, thereby controlling the working state of the feeding system 4.

[0121] The second temperature sensor 92 is installed inside the upper pipe section 11 at a height of two-fifths of the height of the upper pipe section, adjacent to the second branch pipe 33 on the upper pipe section. It can measure the combustion temperature of the material in real time. Preferably, the second temperature sensor 92 is connected to the combustion-supporting system 3 and can control the working state of the combustion-supporting system 3.

[0122] The third temperature sensor 93 is located at the junction of the upper pipe section 11 and the middle pipe section 12, that is, below the branch pipe of the combustion-supporting system 3. Its location is the highest temperature position in the furnace body. When the temperature at this position is too high, the furnace body needs to alarm and take timely measures to prevent the furnace body components from being burned. That is, the temperature sensor measures the alarm temperature of the furnace body. Preferably, the third temperature sensor 93 is connected to the combustion-supporting system 3 signal and can control the combustion-supporting system 3 to start or stop.

[0123] The fourth temperature sensor 94 is installed inside the middle pipe section 12, about 1 meter away from the dewatering machine. This temperature sensor can measure the discharge temperature to ensure that the discharge temperature is below the preset value and avoid damage to the dewatering machine. Preferably, the fourth temperature sensor 94 is connected to the combustion system 3 and the dewatering machine signal to control the working status of the dewatering machine.

[0124] According to the present invention, a method for recycling and processing waste carbon-containing refractory materials is also provided, preferably using the above-mentioned novel heat source generator for heating, and further, a method for recovering heat energy from waste carbon-containing refractory materials and preparing magnesium oxide is also provided.

[0125] In this invention, the above method may include the following steps:

[0126] Step 1: Fill the furnace body 1 with combustible material.

[0127] Step 2: Activate the combustion-supporting system 3 and the ventilation system, and ignite the ignition source;

[0128] Step 3: Start the feeding system 4, add materials to the furnace body 1, and ignite them;

[0129] Step 4: Start the material discharge machine to gradually discharge the calcined material.

[0130] The steps described above are described in detail below.

[0131] In step 1 of this invention, combustible materials are loaded into the furnace body 1.

[0132] The specific operation is as follows: the middle pipe section 12 and the lower pipe section 13 of the furnace body 1 are filled with crushed waste carbonaceous refractory materials; the upper pipe section 11 of the furnace body 1 is filled with ignition fuel.

[0133] The crushing process ensures that the weight percentage of refractory material with particle sizes between 40 and 50 mm is 20%, with particle sizes between 20 and 40 mm accounting for 40%, with particle sizes between 5 and 20 mm accounting for 30%, and with particle sizes below 5 mm accounting for 10%.

[0134] The ignition fuel filled in the upper pipe section 11 can be tree bark, wood planks, etc., and the ignition fuel also includes diesel fuel added after ignition.

[0135] In step 2 of this invention, the combustion-supporting system 3 and the ventilation system are activated to ignite the ignition source.

[0136] The specific operation is as follows: Start the blower 31 and the exhaust system 5, and ignite the ignition fuel;

[0137] In this process, the ignition material is ignited by pre-placed ignition paper or other materials.

[0138] The blower 31 and the exhaust system 5 have relatively low speeds at startup, which gradually increase and reach normal operating power after one hour of startup. The normal operating power in this invention is about 50%-60% of its limit power. Each time an instruction to increase power is received, the power is increased by 5%-10%, and each time an instruction to decrease power is received, the power is decreased by 5%-10%.

[0139] In step 3 of this invention, the feeding system 4 is started to add materials to the furnace body 1 and burn them.

[0140] The specific operation is as follows: After the ignition fuel is lit, diesel oil is added to the furnace body 1 5-10 minutes later. After another 5-10 minutes, the feeding system 4 starts working and begins to add materials to the furnace body 1. After the feeding system 4 has been running for one hour, the addition of diesel oil is stopped.

[0141] When adding materials, the material addition rate is low at the beginning and gradually increases. When adding diesel fuel stops, the normal addition rate is basically reached, that is, the addition operation is performed at normal working power. The amount of diesel fuel added is determined according to the temperature obtained by the second temperature sensor in the furnace body. When the temperature at the second temperature sensor is lower than 750°C, the addition rate is increased, and when the temperature is higher than 850°C, the addition rate is decreased.

[0142] In step 4 of this invention, the material removal machine is started to gradually discharge the calcined material.

[0143] The specific operation is as follows: After igniting the ignition fuel for 6-12 hours, start the material removal machine and control the rotation of multiple screw rods 14 to gradually discharge the calcined waste carbonaceous refractory material through the material removal machine.

[0144] When the dematerializer starts up, the waste carbonaceous refractory material added in step 1, which has not undergone calcination, is discharged from the furnace. This material needs to be added back to the feeding system 4 as raw material. After the dematerializer has been running for 6-12 hours, the discharged material is transformed into calcined decarbonized material. Measurements show that this material is mainly composed of magnesium oxide, with a magnesium oxide weight content of over 85%, even exceeding 90%. Due to the use of crushed raw materials, and the subsequent extrusion and discharge via the dematerializer after calcination, its particle size is generally below centimeters, for example, 0.1-9 mm, preferably 0.2-8 mm, and its bulk density is not less than 3.0 g / cm³. 3 For example, at 3.2 g / cm³ 3 Above, even reaching 3.3 g / cm³ 3 At or above, the overall appearance is yellow, with extremely low carbon content, for example, less than 0.3% by weight, or even less than 0.1% by weight.

[0145] After the blower 31, exhaust system 5, desiccant and feeding system 4 involved in the above steps of the present invention are started, the furnace body enters a stable working stage. Each component starts working at normal power and will not stop unless there are special circumstances, so that the furnace body 1 can continuously produce the decarbonized material mainly composed of magnesium oxide after sintering as described above.

[0146] Preferably, in step 3, when the feeding system 4 starts working, the cooling system starts working simultaneously; after the cooling system starts working, coolant is continuously added to the cooling pipe 62 through the coolant inlet pipe 61, and the coolant continuously flows out of the furnace body 1 through the coolant outlet pipe 63 after absorbing heat and heating up.

[0147] In this invention, during the stable operating phase, the combustion temperature in the upper pipe section can reach 1100℃. Correspondingly, when the material enters the lower pipe section from the middle pipe section, its temperature can drop to 100℃. This invention significantly enhances the cooling rate of the material and extends the service life of the equipment by incorporating a cooling system. Without a cooling system, not only would heat be wasted, but the middle pipe section would also need to be much taller and longer, approximately 4 to 5 times the length of the upper pipe section, to reduce the temperature of the material in the lower pipe section to around 100℃. Compared to the less than two-fold length ratio in this invention, the furnace without a cooling system would have excessively high manufacturing costs and be much more difficult to operate.

[0148] Because the refractory material has high thermal conductivity, and the air and heat flow in the furnace are fast under the action of the blower and exhaust system, the heat in the middle of the furnace can be quickly and timely dissipated to the edge of the furnace, so that the material at the edge and the material in the middle can maintain a complete combustion state, ensuring the overall product performance is stable and reliable.

[0149] After step 4 is executed, the heat source generator enters a stable working state. During the stable working state, the working status of the combustion-supporting system 3, the feeding system 4, the cooling system and the dematerializer are controlled in real time by four temperature sensors installed in the furnace body 1, so as to ensure that the furnace body 1 continues to carry out stable calcination operations, thereby obtaining calcined refractory materials in real time.

[0150] Preferably, in the stable operating state, the operating state of the feeding system 4 is controlled by the flue gas temperature obtained in real time by the first temperature sensor. When the flue gas temperature reaches above 200°C, the feeding system 4 is controlled to maintain normal operating power, continuously adding materials into the furnace to suppress the flames and prevent the flue gas temperature from rising further. When the flue gas temperature drops below 200°C, the feeding system is controlled to stop operating. When the flue gas temperature is above 250°C, the combustion assist system 3 is controlled to reduce the air intake, i.e., reduce the power. When the flue gas temperature is below 150°C, the combustion assist system 3 is controlled to increase the air intake, i.e., increase the power.

[0151] The combustion temperature is obtained in real time by the second temperature sensor. When the combustion temperature reaches above 1000℃, the combustion assist system 3 is controlled to reduce the air intake, that is, reduce the power. When the combustion temperature reaches below 800℃, the combustion assist system 3 is controlled to increase the air intake, that is, increase the power.

[0152] The alarm temperature of the furnace body is obtained in real time by a third temperature sensor. When the alarm temperature reaches above 1300℃, the combustion-supporting system 3 is controlled to stop working, the air supply is stopped, and the cooling system increases its power. When the alarm temperature reaches below 1100℃, the combustion-supporting system 3 is controlled to start working and operate at normal power.

[0153] The discharge temperature of the furnace body is obtained in real time through the fourth temperature sensor. When the discharge temperature reaches above 200℃, the dematerializer is controlled to stop working. If the flue gas temperature is also above 200℃, the combustion system 3 is controlled to reduce the air intake, that is, reduce the power. When the discharge temperature reaches below 200℃, the dematerializer is controlled to operate at normal power.

[0154] In this invention, the exhaust system 5 operates at normal power continuously. Only when the air intake of the combustion system 3 is too large, that is, when the working power of the combustion system 3 reaches more than 80% of the limit power, the working power of the exhaust system 5 is increased accordingly to prevent the gas pressure inside the furnace from being too high.

[0155] Example 1

[0156] The following combination Figure 1-5 The invention describes a method for recovering heat energy from waste carbonaceous refractory materials using the heat source generator of the present invention, for heating, and for obtaining a product mainly composed of magnesium oxide.

[0157] The middle pipe section 12 and the lower pipe section 13 of the furnace body 1 are filled with crushed waste carbon-containing refractory material, which is measured to contain about 7% carbon. The upper pipe section 11 is filled with wooden boards as ignition fuel.

[0158] Start the blower 31 of the combustion-supporting system 3 and the exhaust system 5, and ignite the ignition fuel with the pre-placed ignition paper;

[0159] About 6-8 minutes after igniting the ignition fuel, a small amount of diesel oil is added to the furnace body 1. About 8-10 minutes later, the feeding system 4 is started, and crushed waste carbonaceous refractory material is added to the furnace body 1 and burned. The cooling system is started simultaneously with the feeding system 4, and room temperature water as a coolant is continuously added to the cooling pipe 62 and flows out of the furnace body 1 through the output pipe 63. One hour after the feeding system 4 is started, the temperature obtained by the second temperature sensor reaches about 800°C, and the addition of diesel oil is stopped. The temperature inside the furnace body 1 gradually rises. When the temperature in the upper pipe section reaches about 1050-1150°C, it is in a stable combustion state.

[0160] Approximately 8 hours later, the discharge machine is started, controlling multiple screws 14 to rotate and gradually discharge the calcined and further crushed refractory material. During this period, the temperature of the combustion-supporting system 3, the feeding system 4, the cooling system, and the discharge machine is monitored by temperature sensors to understand their respective working conditions.

[0161] No work stoppages occurred during this process. Feeding, ventilation, cooling, and unloading operations continued continuously, producing sintered materials. The magnesium oxide content was measured to be approximately 91% by weight, the bulk density was approximately 3.3 g / cm³, and the material was yellow in color. The carbon content was measured to be approximately 0.08% by weight.

[0162] Example 2

[0163] As in Example 1, waste carbonaceous refractory materials are burned and heat energy is recovered, while materials mainly composed of magnesium oxide are obtained. The difference is that during the stable operation of the furnace body 1, the relevant data for one hour are as follows: the feeding system 4 adds about 1.6 tons of material to the furnace body 1, the dematerializer discharges about 1.4 tons of material from the furnace body 1, and the cooling water entering the furnace body 1 in the cooling system totals about 35 cubic meters. The temperature of the cooling water when it enters the furnace body 1 is about 25°C, and the temperature of the cooling water when it exits the furnace body 1 is about 50°C.

[0164] The present invention has been described above with reference to preferred embodiments; however, these embodiments are merely exemplary and illustrative. Various substitutions and modifications can be made to the present invention based on these embodiments, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for recycling and processing waste carbonaceous refractory materials, characterized in that a novel heat source generator utilizing waste carbonaceous refractory materials is used for recycling and heating, wherein... The novel heat source generator utilizing waste carbon-containing refractory materials includes a furnace body (1) for burning carbon-containing refractory materials, a feeding system (4) for providing combustible materials to the furnace body, and a combustion-supporting system (3) for supporting the combustion of materials. The feeding system (4) includes a mixing tank (41) and a feeding pipe (42). Waste carbonaceous refractory material that is preferentially crushed is added to the mixing tank (41). Auxiliary fuel is added before, after, or simultaneously with the addition of the waste carbonaceous refractory material. The feeding system (4) also includes a material diversion device, one end of which is connected to the feeding pipe (42) and the other end is connected to the inside of the furnace body (1); The auxiliary fuel is a bio-based fuel. By adding bio-based fuel, the carbon content in the mixed material in the mixing tank (41) accounts for more than 8% of the total weight. The furnace body (1) consists of three interconnected pipe sections from top to bottom: In the upper pipe section (11), the material continuously interacts with the combustion aid from the self-combustion system (3) and generates heat. In the middle section (12), the combusted material is continuously cooled and de-temperatureed, and The lower pipe section (13) has a discharge port at its bottom, from which the cooled material is discharged. The upper pipe section (11) and the middle pipe section (12) are integrally formed, and the lower pipe section (13) is fixed to the middle pipe section (12). The lower pipe section (13) is set in a constricted shape. The generator also includes a cooling system, which mainly comprises a coolant inlet pipe (61), a coolant outlet pipe (63), and a connected cooling pipe (62), as well as an optional drive unit for bubbling in coolant and providing power. The cooling pipe (62) is a spiral coil; The spiral coil includes a lower spiral tube, a middle spiral tube, and an upper spiral tube connected sequentially from bottom to top; the inner diameter of the lower spiral tube (71), the middle spiral tube (72), and the upper spiral tube (73) increases sequentially; A material removal machine is installed at the bottom of the furnace body (1), which includes multiple spiral rods (14) arranged parallel to each other. The blade (141) of the screw rod (14) has a toothed groove (142) on its outer contour. The multiple screw rods (14) rotate simultaneously, but their rotation speed can be selected and controlled. The rotation speeds of the screw rods (14) at different positions can be set differently from each other or can be adjusted independently. A sealed top cover (2) is provided on the top of the furnace body (1). It is a hemispherical cover, and a feeding system (4) and an exhaust system (5) are connected to the top cover (2). The combustion-supporting system (3) is used to inject combustion-supporting agent into the furnace body (1), and includes multiple blowers (31). Each blower (31) has at least one main air supply duct (32) connected to multiple branch ducts (33). Multiple temperature sensors are arranged sequentially from top to bottom in the furnace body (1); The first temperature sensor (91) is located inside the sealed top cover (2) and adjacent to the exhaust pipe interface of the exhaust system (5). The first temperature sensor (91) is connected to the feeding system (4) by signal, thereby enabling control of the working state of the feeding system (4). The second temperature sensor (92) is installed in the upper pipe section (11) at a height of two-fifths of the height of the upper pipe section, adjacent to the second branch pipe (33) on the upper pipe section. The second temperature sensor (92) is connected to the combustion-supporting system (3) and can control the working state of the combustion-supporting system (3). The third temperature sensor (93) is located at the junction of the upper pipe section (11) and the middle pipe section (12), that is, below the branch pipe of the combustion system (3). Its location is the highest temperature position in the furnace body. The third temperature sensor (93) is connected to the combustion system (3) and can control the combustion system (3) to start or stop. The fourth temperature sensor (94) is installed in the middle pipe section (12), and its distance from the dewatering machine is 1 meter. The fourth temperature sensor (94) is connected to the combustion-supporting system (3) and the dewatering machine signal, and can control the working status of the dewatering machine. Includes the following steps: Step 1: Fill the furnace body (1) with combustible material. The middle pipe section (12) and the lower pipe section (13) of the furnace body (1) are filled with crushed waste carbonaceous refractory material; the upper pipe section (11) of the furnace body (1) is filled with ignition fuel. The crushing process ensures that the weight percentage of refractory material with particle sizes between 40 and 50 mm is 20%, with particle sizes between 20 and 40 mm accounting for 40%, with particle sizes between 5 and 20 mm accounting for 30%, and with particle sizes below 5 mm accounting for 10%. The ignition fuel filled in the upper pipe section (11) can be tree bark or wood planks, and the ignition fuel also includes diesel fuel added after ignition; Step 2: Activate the combustion-supporting system (3) and the ventilation system, and ignite the ignition source; The blower (31) and exhaust system (5) have relatively low speeds at startup, which gradually increase until they reach normal operating power after one hour of startup. The normal operating power is 50%-60% of its limit power. Each time an instruction to increase power is received, the power is increased by 5%-10%, and each time an instruction to decrease power is received, the power is decreased by 5%-10%. Step 3: Start the feeding system (4), add materials to the furnace body (1), and ignite them; Specific operation: After igniting the ignition fuel, start adding diesel fuel to the furnace body (1) after 5-10 minutes. After another 5-10 minutes, start the feeding system (4) to add materials to the furnace body (1). Stop adding diesel fuel one hour after the feeding system (4) starts. When adding materials, the material addition rate is low at the beginning and gradually increases. When adding diesel fuel stops, the normal addition rate is reached, that is, the addition operation is performed at normal working power. The amount of diesel fuel added is determined based on the temperature obtained by the second temperature sensor in the furnace body. When the temperature at the second temperature sensor is lower than 750°C, the addition rate is increased, and when the temperature is higher than 850°C, the addition rate is decreased. When the feeding system (4) starts working, the cooling system starts working simultaneously; Step 4: Start the discharge machine to gradually discharge the calcined material; The specific operation is as follows: 6-12 hours after igniting the ignition fuel, start the material removal machine and control multiple screw rods (14) to rotate, and gradually discharge the waste carbon-containing refractory materials after calcination through the material removal machine; When the dematerializer starts to start, the waste carbon-containing refractory material added in step 1 that has not been calcined is discharged from the furnace. This part of the material needs to be added back to the feeding system (4) as raw material. The material discharged after the dematerializer has been working for 6-12 hours is transformed into calcined decarbonized material. The calcined decarbonized material has a magnesium oxide weight content of more than 85%. After the blower (31), exhaust system (5), desiccant and feeding system (4) are started, the furnace body enters the stable working stage. Each component starts working at normal power and will not stop unless there are special circumstances, so that the furnace body (1) can continuously and continuously produce decarbonized materials mainly composed of magnesium oxide after sintering. After performing step 4, the heat source generator enters a stable working state; In the stable working state, the working state of the feeding system (4) is controlled by the flue gas temperature obtained in real time by the first temperature sensor. When the flue gas temperature reaches above 200°C, the feeding system (4) is controlled to maintain normal working power and continuously add materials into the furnace to suppress the flames in the furnace and prevent the flue gas temperature from rising further. When the flue gas temperature drops below 200°C, the feeding system is controlled to stop working. When the flue gas temperature is above 250°C, the combustion system (3) is controlled to reduce the air intake, that is, reduce the power. When the flue gas temperature is below 150°C, the combustion system (3) is controlled to increase the air intake, that is, increase the power. The operating effect of the furnace body, i.e. the combustion temperature, is obtained in real time through the second temperature sensor. When the combustion temperature reaches above 1000℃, the combustion assist system (3) is controlled to reduce the air intake, i.e., reduce the power. When the combustion temperature reaches below 800℃, the combustion assist system (3) is controlled to increase the air intake, i.e., increase the power. The alarm temperature of the furnace body is obtained in real time through the third temperature sensor. When the alarm temperature reaches above 1300℃, the combustion system (3) is controlled to stop working, the air supply is stopped, and the cooling system increases its power. When the alarm temperature reaches below 1100℃, the combustion system (3) is controlled to start working and operate at normal power. The discharge temperature of the furnace body is obtained in real time through the fourth temperature sensor. When the discharge temperature reaches above 200℃, the dewatering machine is controlled to stop working. If the flue gas temperature is also above 200℃, the combustion system (3) is controlled to reduce the air intake, that is, reduce the power. When the discharge temperature reaches below 200℃, the dewatering machine is controlled to operate at normal power.

2. The method for recycling and treating waste carbonaceous refractory materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, A heat exchanger (9) is installed outside the furnace body (1). Its heat source inlet is connected to the coolant output pipe (63). The cold medium in the heat exchanger (9) is air. After being heated in the heat exchanger (9), it is connected to the air inlet of the blower of the combustion system (3).

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