Continuously adjustable nozzle, apparatus and method for high pressure water jet rail grinding

Abstract

The present invention discloses a continuously adjustable nozzle, equipment and method for high-pressure water jet rail grinding. The continuously adjustable nozzle for high-pressure water jet rail grinding comprises a nozzle body, a field generator and a magnetic fluid. The nozzle body comprises a water inlet section and a water outlet section. The water inlet section is used for the inflow of water flow, and the water outlet section is used for the outflow of water flow. A water flow channel is formed between the water inlet section and the water outlet section. The water outlet section is provided with a magnetic fluid cavity, which can be deformed. The field generator is arranged at the water outlet section, and the field generator can generate a continuously adjustable magnetic field. The magnetic fluid is arranged in the magnetic fluid cavity, and the hardness of the magnetic fluid can change with the change of the magnetic field strength of the magnetic field generated by the field generator. The continuously adjustable nozzle for high-pressure water jet rail grinding of the present invention has the advantages that the caliber can be continuously adjusted and can be adapted to a variety of use environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of adjustable nozzles, and more specifically, relates to a continuously adjustable nozzle, equipment and method for high-pressure water jet rail grinding. Background Art

[0002] Rail grinding is an important means of maintenance and repair of railway systems. Grinding can improve the wheel-rail contact relationship and prevent and delay the occurrence of rail diseases such as contact fatigue, wear, and corrugated wear. However, during the repair process of rail repair vehicles, there are disadvantages such as rapid loss, high pollution, and poor versatility. The use of high-pressure water jets to grind rails will not cause thermal damage to the rail surface, nor will it produce slag pollution. However, during the driving and working process of the rail repair vehicle, the degree of damage and surface conditions of different rails vary, and the cleaning position and area requirements of various components on the rails are also different. Therefore, it is very important to develop a system that can accurately control the working position and area by adjusting different nozzle apertures.

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, patent document CNA discloses a flow-adjustable nozzle, which produces relative displacement with the nozzle sleeve when the nozzle core rotates, thereby changing the flow rate of the entire nozzle. When in use, the flow rate of the nozzle can be changed according to actual working conditions to meet working requirements. However, the flow rate can only be changed by rotating the nozzle core, and the nozzle aperture cannot be changed to adapt to the needs of the rail grinding process.

[0004] Patent document CNU discloses a 3D printer nozzle with adjustable nozzle aperture. The nozzle cooperates with a control plate and a guide plate. The relative rotation between the two changes the size of the polygonal side length surrounded by the nozzle surround, thereby achieving adjustable size of the flow area of ​​the printing nozzle. However, the adjustment method is composed of a mechanical structure and cannot achieve continuous adjustment of the structure and shape.

[0005] Patent document CNA discloses a continuously variable nozzle system with an integrated flow meter, which can be used to control parameters such as fluid pressure and discharge volume rate, but it can only be applied to low-flow sprayers and cannot be used in abrasive water jet grinding systems with higher flow rates. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a continuously adjustable nozzle, equipment and method for high-pressure water jet rail grinding, which generates a continuously adjustable magnetic field by changing the field generator to change the hardness of the magnetic fluid, thereby forming a high-hardness magnetic fluid in the water outlet section to block the passage of high-pressure water flow, thereby achieving continuous adjustment of the water outlet section diameter of the continuously adjustable nozzle for high-pressure water jet rail grinding, achieving continuous adjustment of the nozzle diameter and high adaptability.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a continuously adjustable nozzle for high-pressure water jet rail grinding, comprising a nozzle body, a field generator and a magnetic fluid, wherein the nozzle body has a water inlet section and a water outlet section, wherein the water inlet section is used for the inflow of high-pressure water flow, and the water outlet section is used for the outflow of high-pressure water flow, a water flow channel is formed between the water inlet section and the water outlet section, and the water outlet section is provided with a magnetic fluid cavity, and the magnetic fluid cavity can be deformed;

[0008] A field generator is arranged at the water outlet section, and the field generator can generate a continuously adjustable magnetic field;

[0009] And the magnetic fluid is arranged in the magnetic fluid cavity, the hardness of the magnetic fluid can change with the change of the magnetic field strength of the magnetic field generated by the field generator, thereby changing the cross-sectional area of ​​the magnetic fluid cavity.

[0010] Furthermore, the hardening ability of the magnetic fluid is positively correlated with the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic field generated by the field generator, and the function of the hardening ability of the magnetic fluid and the magnetic field induction intensity is η=k(μ-1)H 2 , where η is the magnetic viscosity of the magnetic fluid, the larger the magnetic viscosity, the greater the hardness, k is the proportional coefficient, μ is the relative magnetic permeability of the magnetic fluid, and H is the magnetic field strength.

[0011] Furthermore, the field generator includes an electromagnetic coil, which is arranged in the magnetic fluid cavity. The electromagnetic coil can generate a continuously adjustable magnetic field according to the current density flowing inside. The function of the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic field excited by the electromagnetic coil and the current density flowing in the electromagnetic coil is: Wherein, S is an arbitrary closed curve in space, J is the current density in the electromagnetic coil, and L is the boundary of the closed curve.

[0012] Furthermore, the current density flowing through the electromagnetic coil is positively correlated with the current flowing through the electromagnetic coil, and its function is: I is the current flowing through the electromagnetic coil, π is the circumference of a circle, and r is the radius of the electromagnetic coil.

[0013] Furthermore, there are a plurality of electromagnetic coils, and the plurality of electromagnetic coils are arranged in the water outlet section. Currents of different magnitudes can flow through each of the electromagnetic coils to form the magnetic fluid with continuous different hardness in the water outlet section.

[0014] Furthermore, a plurality of the electromagnetic coils are vertically arranged in sequence in the water outlet section, and each of the electromagnetic coils is arranged around the water outlet section.

[0015] Furthermore, the nozzle body is provided with a magnetic fluid inlet and outlet and a magnetic fluid channel. The magnetic fluid inlet and outlet are arranged on the outer periphery of the nozzle body. The magnetic fluid inlet and outlet are connected to the magnetic fluid cavity through the magnetic fluid channel. The magnetic fluid can enter or leave the magnetic fluid cavity through the magnetic fluid inlet and outlet.

[0016] Furthermore, the electromagnetic coil has a coil connector, and the coil connector can extend through the magnetic fluid inlet and outlet.

[0017] Furthermore, the nozzle body is also provided with an abrasive inlet, which is arranged at the outer periphery of the nozzle, the abrasive inlet is arranged away from the magnetic fluid inlet and outlet, and the abrasive inlet is also connected to the water flow channel.

[0018] Furthermore, the cross section of the water inlet section is larger than the cross section of the water outlet section;

[0019] A step structure is arranged inside the nozzle body, and the nozzle further comprises a filter screen, the cross section of the filter screen is larger than the cross section of the step structure, and the filter screen can be fixed on the step structure under the action of water pressure.

[0020] Furthermore, the magnetic fluid is solid magnetic particles.

[0021] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a high-pressure water jet rail grinding device, comprising:

[0022] A rail grinding vehicle, wherein the rail grinding vehicle is equipped with a continuously adjustable nozzle for high-pressure water jet rail grinding, and the rail grinding vehicle can perform repair work on the rails;

[0023] A detection module, the detection module is used to detect the working status of the rail grinding vehicle and generate detection information;

[0024] An image acquisition module, which can capture the rail in real time according to the detection information and generate image information;

[0025] A processing module, wherein the processing module can control the nozzle to adjust different calibers according to the image information so as to repair the rails with different losses.

[0026] Furthermore, the high-pressure water jet rail grinding equipment also includes a control module, which can receive different control instructions. The control module can issue control instructions associated with the control instructions to the processing module according to the different control instructions. The rail grinding vehicle can perform actions corresponding to the control instructions according to the different control instructions, and the actions include controlling the current in the electromagnetic coil to control the continuously adjustable nozzle of the high-pressure water jet rail grinding to adjust to different calibers;

[0027] The continuously adjustable nozzle device for high-pressure water jet rail grinding further comprises a communication module, and the communication module establishes a communication connection with the control module;

[0028] The control module is integrated in the terminal.

[0029] The present invention also provides a high-pressure water jet rail grinding method, which is implemented based on any of the high-pressure water jet rail grinding devices described above, comprising:

[0030] S100: The detection module checks the working status of the rail grinding vehicle and reports to the processing module. S100 includes the following steps:

[0031] S101: before use, start the calibration device, calibrate the damage state of the surface of the rail to be polished, and calibrate the working position of the jet nozzle;

[0032] S102: The image acquisition module takes a picture of the surface morphology of the rail to be polished, and sends the data to the processing module;

[0033] S200: The control device of the processing module analyzes the data, updates the working state, and adjusts the circuit state of the electromagnetic coil loop according to the working state. The process includes the following steps:

[0034] S201: The data receiver receives valid data from the detection module and sends it to the identification unit of the processing module;

[0035] S202: The processing module recognition unit analyzes and recognizes the image to determine the damage of the rails in the road section;

[0036] S203: The processing module control unit issues instructions according to the damage of the current road section and the pre-set corresponding relationship to adjust the circuit state of the electromagnetic coil loop;

[0037] S204: The power supply in the circuit outputs the corresponding current according to the instruction, and the switch is turned on and off;

[0038] S300: The supervisor inputs an instruction to change or designate a change in the working state through a handheld controller, and the working state control device of the processing module implements the instruction;

[0039] S400: After the electromagnetic coil is energized, an electromagnetic field is excited in the space where the cavity is located. The electromagnetic field causes the magnetic fluid in the magnetic fluid cavity to solidify rapidly. The solidification region and area are affected by the intensity and distribution of the electromagnetic field. As the circuit state changes, the excited electromagnetic field also changes accordingly, and the magnetic fluid in the magnetic fluid cavity reaches a preset magnetic fluid solidification state.

[0040] S500: After the magnetic fluid solidifies, the aperture and shape of the continuously adjustable nozzle for high-pressure water jet rail grinding change to achieve the target function that meets the working conditions.

[0041] In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0042] 1. The continuously adjustable nozzle for high-pressure water jet rail grinding of the present invention generates a continuously adjustable magnetic field by changing the field generator to change the hardness of the magnetic fluid, thereby forming a high-hardness magnetic fluid in the water outlet section to block the passage of high-pressure water flow, thereby achieving continuous adjustment of the outlet section diameter of the continuously adjustable nozzle for high-pressure water jet rail grinding, achieving continuous adjustment of the nozzle diameter, and high adaptability. It solves the problems of obvious differences in the damage area of ​​different rail top surfaces in the existing rail grinding, low grinding efficiency, difficulty in reaching the designated position, and secondary damage when the rail gap width is not exactly the same during the driving of the grinding vehicle, etc.

[0043] 2. The continuously adjustable nozzle for high-pressure water jet rail grinding of the present invention changes the intensity of the current flowing through the electromagnetic coil to change the current density flowing through the electromagnetic coil, thereby changing the magnetic induction strength of the magnetic field excited by the electromagnetic coil, thereby changing the hardening degree of the magnetic fluid.

[0044] 3. The continuously adjustable nozzle for high-pressure water jet rail grinding of the present invention controls currents of different sizes flowing through multiple electromagnetic coils to excite magnetic fields of different magnetic induction intensities, and forms magnetic fluids of different hardening degrees near each electromagnetic coil, so as to realize the change of different nozzle types of the continuously adjustable nozzle for high-pressure water jet rail grinding, so as to improve the practicality of the continuously adjustable nozzle for high-pressure water jet rail grinding, and can realize the switching of different nozzle types according to different application environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of a continuously adjustable nozzle for high-pressure water jet rail grinding according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a continuously adjustable nozzle for high-pressure water jet rail grinding according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of an expansion state of a continuously adjustable nozzle for high-pressure water jet rail grinding according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a uniform cross-sectional state of a continuously adjustable nozzle for high-pressure water jet rail grinding according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5It is a schematic diagram of a retracted state of a continuously adjustable nozzle for high-pressure water jet rail grinding according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 6 This is a circuit control schematic diagram of a high-pressure water jet rail grinding device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 7 This is a control system block diagram of a continuously adjustable nozzle for high-pressure water jet rail grinding according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 8 This is a flow chart of a method for using a continuously adjustable nozzle for high-pressure water jet rail grinding according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Fig. 9 This is a flow chart of the first step of using a continuously adjustable nozzle for high-pressure water jet rail grinding according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Fig.10 This is a flow chart of the second step of the method for using a continuously adjustable nozzle for high-pressure water jet rail grinding according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] In all the drawings, the same reference numerals represent the same technical features, specifically:

[0056] 10. High-pressure water jet rail grinding equipment; 11. Continuously adjustable nozzle for high-pressure water jet rail grinding; 111. Nozzle body; 1111. Water inlet section; 1111a. Magnetic fluid chamber; 1112. Water outlet section; 1113, water flow channel; 1114, magnetic fluid inlet and outlet; 1115, magnetic fluid channel; 1116, abrasive inlet; 11161, abrasive inlet sealing ring; 1117, step structure; 112, field generator; 1121, electromagnetic coil; 1122, coil connector; 113, magnetic fluid; 114, filter; 1141, filter sealing ring; 12, rail grinding vehicle; 13, detection module; 14, image acquisition module; 15, processing module; 16, control module; 17, communication module; 18, external module; 181, abrasive tank; 182, high-pressure water tank; 183, fluid flow meter; 184, flow valve; 185, magnetic fluid tank; 186, power supply; 187, switch; 188, ammeter DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0058] The present invention provides a continuously adjustable nozzle 11 for high-pressure water jet rail grinding, which is used for a high-pressure water pipe. The continuously adjustable nozzle 11 for high-pressure water jet rail grinding comprises a nozzle body 111, a field generator 112 and a magnetic fluid 113.

[0059] The nozzle body 111 has an inlet section 1111 and an outlet section 1112, wherein the inlet section 1111 is used for the inflow of high-pressure water flow, and the outlet section 1112 is used for the outflow of high-pressure water flow. A water flow channel 1113 is formed between the inlet section 1111 and the outlet section 1112, and the outlet section 1112 is provided with a magnetic fluid cavity 1111a, which can be deformed. Specifically, the magnetic fluid cavity 1111a adopts a membrane bag structure and is in a rectangular shape. The magnetic fluid cavity 1111a is made of flexible material, preferably, polyvinylidene fluoride-CO-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP).

[0060] The field generator 112 is disposed in the water outlet section 1112 , and the field generator 112 can generate a continuously adjustable magnetic field.

[0061] The magnetic fluid 113 is arranged in the magnetic fluid chamber 1111a. The hardness of the magnetic fluid 113 can change with the change of the magnetic field strength of the magnetic field generated by the field generator 112. That is to say, the continuously adjustable nozzle 11 for high-pressure water jet rail grinding of the present invention generates a continuously adjustable magnetic field by changing the field generator 112 to change the hardness of the magnetic fluid 113, and then form a high-hardness magnetic fluid 113 in the water outlet section 1112 to block the passage of high-pressure water flow, thereby realizing the continuous adjustment of the caliber of the water outlet section 1112 of the continuously adjustable nozzle 11 for high-pressure water jet rail grinding.

[0062] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the magnetic fluid 113 is solid magnetic particles. It can be understood that compared with liquid magnetic fluid, the solid magnetic particle type magnetic fluid has a higher structural strength after hardening, and accordingly, it can improve the practicality of the continuously adjustable nozzle 11 for high-pressure water jet rail grinding.

[0063] Furthermore, the hardening ability of the magnetic fluid 113 is positively correlated with the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic field generated by the field generator 112. The function of the hardening ability of the magnetic fluid 113 and the magnetic field induction intensity is η=k(μ-1)H 2 , where η is the magnetic viscosity of the magnetic fluid 113, the greater the magnetic viscosity, the greater the hardness, k is the proportionality coefficient, μ is the relative magnetic permeability of the magnetic fluid 113, and H is the magnetic field intensity. It can be seen from the above function that the continuously adjustable nozzle 11 of the high-pressure water jet rail grinding of the present invention improves the hardening degree of the magnetic fluid 113 by increasing the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic field, thereby achieving the formation of a barrier in the water outlet section 1112.

[0064] Furthermore, the field generator 112 includes an electromagnetic coil 1121, which can generate a continuously adjustable magnetic field according to the current density flowing inside. The function of the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic field excited by the electromagnetic coil 1121 and the current density flowing inside the electromagnetic coil 1121 is: Wherein, S is any closed curve in space, J is the current density in the electromagnetic coil 1121, and L is the boundary of the closed curve. It can be understood that the continuously adjustable nozzle 11 of the high-pressure water jet rail grinding of the present invention changes the current density flowing through the electromagnetic coil 1121, thereby enabling the electromagnetic coil 1121 to produce a continuously adjustable magnetic field. Combining the functional formula, it can be seen that when the current density flowing through the electromagnetic coil 1121 increases, the magnetic induction strength of the magnetic field excited by the electromagnetic coil 1121 becomes stronger, and accordingly, the hardening degree of the magnetic fluid 113 becomes higher.

[0065] Furthermore, the current density flowing through the electromagnetic coil 1121 is positively correlated with the current flowing through the electromagnetic coil 1121, and its function is: I is the current flowing through the electromagnetic coil 1121, π is the pi, and r is the radius of the electromagnetic coil 1121. It can be understood that by changing the magnitude of the current flowing through the electromagnetic coil 1121, the current density in the electromagnetic coil 1121 can be changed to achieve the change in the hardening degree of the magnetic fluid 113. It is worth noting that the continuously adjustable nozzle for high-pressure water jet rail grinding of the present invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the hardening degree of the magnetic fluid 113 can be changed by changing the radius of the electromagnetic coil 1121.

[0066] Furthermore, the electromagnetic coil 1121 is arranged in the magnetic fluid cavity 1111a. It can be understood that by arranging the electromagnetic coil 1121 in the magnetic fluid cavity 1111a, on the one hand, since the electromagnetic coil 1121 is closer to the magnetic fluid 113, the magnetic fluid 113 is more susceptible to changes in the magnetic field strength generated by the electromagnetic coil 1121 and hardens to varying degrees, and on the other hand, the closer the distance to the magnetic field, the higher the magnetic field strength of the magnetic field, so when the magnetic fluid 113 and the electromagnetic coil 1121 are placed in the same cavity, when the magnetic field strength of the electromagnetic coil 1121 increases, the hardening degree of the magnetic fluid 113 will be correspondingly harder, so that the practicality and reliability of the continuously adjustable nozzle 11 for high-pressure water jet rail grinding can be significantly improved.

[0067] Furthermore, the current density flowing through the electromagnetic coil 1121 is positively correlated with the current flowing through the electromagnetic coil 1121, and its function is: Wherein J is the current density in the electromagnetic coil 1121, I is the current flowing through the electromagnetic coil 1121, and D is the cross-sectional area of ​​the electromagnetic coil 1121. It can be understood that the continuously adjustable nozzle 11 for high-pressure water jet rail grinding of the present invention changes the intensity of the current flowing through the electromagnetic coil 1121 to change the current density flowing through the electromagnetic coil 1121, thereby changing the magnetic induction strength of the magnetic field excited by the electromagnetic coil 1121, thereby changing the hardening degree of the magnetic fluid 113. It is worth noting that the continuously adjustable nozzle 11 for high-pressure water jet rail grinding of the present invention is not limited to this. In other embodiments, the current density in the electromagnetic coil 1121 can also be changed by changing the cross-sectional area of ​​the electromagnetic coil 1121.

[0068] Furthermore, the electromagnetic coil 1121 is provided with a plurality of electromagnetic coils 1121, and the plurality of electromagnetic coils 1121 are provided at the water outlet section 1112, and currents of different magnitudes can flow through the coil of each electromagnetic coil 1121, so as to form a magnetic fluid 113 of continuous different hardnesses in the water outlet section 1112. That is to say, the continuously adjustable nozzle 11 for high-pressure water jet rail grinding of the present invention controls currents of different magnitudes flowing through the plurality of electromagnetic coils 1121, so as to excite magnetic fields of different magnetic induction intensities, and form magnetic fluids 113 of different hardening degrees near each electromagnetic coil 1121, so as to realize the change of different nozzle types of the continuously adjustable nozzle 11 for high-pressure water jet rail grinding, so as to improve the practicality of the continuously adjustable nozzle 11 for high-pressure water jet rail grinding, and can realize the switching of different nozzle types according to different application environments, meet different use requirements, and enrich the user's choice.

[0069] Further, a plurality of electromagnetic coils 1121 are arranged vertically in the water outlet section 1112, and each electromagnetic coil 1121 is arranged around the water outlet section 1112. It can be understood that such an arrangement can realize that the continuously adjustable nozzle 11 for high-pressure water jet rail grinding can form different nozzle types in the vertical direction of the water outlet section 1112. For example, the continuously adjustable nozzle 11 for high-pressure water jet rail grinding of the present invention provides three different nozzle types for users to choose from, refer to Figure 3 ,refer to Figure 4 ,refer to Figure 5, respectively, expansion type, equal cross-section type and contraction type. In this embodiment, we define the end of the water outlet section 1112 close to the water inlet section 1111 as the upper end, and the end of the water outlet section 1112 away from the water inlet section 1111 as the lower end, and control the current flowing through the electromagnetic coil 1121 at the upper end to be greater than the current flowing through the electromagnetic coil 1121 at the lower end, so that the hardening degree of the magnetic fluid 113 near the upper end is greater than the hardening degree of the magnetic fluid 113 near the lower end, and the expansion type of continuously adjustable nozzle 11 for high-pressure water jet rail grinding can be obtained. Control the current flowing through the electromagnetic coil 1121 at the upper end to be equal to the current flowing through the electromagnetic coil 1121 at the lower end, so that the hardening degree of the magnetic fluid 113 near the upper end is equal to the hardening degree of the magnetic fluid 113 near the lower end, and the equal cross-section type of continuously adjustable nozzle 11 for high-pressure water jet rail grinding can be obtained. Then the current flowing through the electromagnetic coil 1121 at the upper end is controlled to be smaller than the current flowing through the electromagnetic coil 1121 at the lower end. In this way, the hardening degree of the magnetic fluid 113 near the upper end is smaller than the hardening degree of the magnetic fluid 113 near the lower end, and a continuously adjustable nozzle 11 for contraction-type high-pressure water jet rail grinding can be obtained.

[0070] Furthermore, the nozzle is provided with a magnetic fluid inlet and outlet 1114 and a magnetic fluid channel 1115. The magnetic fluid inlet and outlet 1114 is arranged on the periphery of the nozzle body 1111. The magnetic fluid inlet and outlet 1114 is connected to the magnetic fluid cavity 1111a through the magnetic fluid channel 1115. The magnetic fluid 113 can enter or leave the magnetic fluid cavity 1111a through the magnetic fluid inlet and outlet 1114. It can be understood that by setting the magnetic fluid inlet and outlet 1114, the magnetic fluid 113 can be filled into the magnetic fluid cavity 1111a, or the magnetic fluid 113 can be taken out. In actual use, when the continuous adjustable nozzle 11 for high-pressure water jet rail grinding requires a very small caliber, and the magnetic fluid 113 in the magnetic fluid cavity 1111a is not enough, the magnetic fluid 113 can be filled into the magnetic fluid cavity 1111a through the magnetic fluid inlet and outlet 1114. When the continuous adjustable nozzle 11 for high-pressure water jet rail grinding requires a large caliber, and there are a lot of magnetic fluids 113 in the magnetic fluid cavity 1111a, and the magnetic fluids 113 are piled up, the magnetic fluid 113 can be taken out through the magnetic fluid inlet and outlet 1114. In this way, the needs of users can be better met.

[0071] Furthermore, the electromagnetic coil 1121 has a coil connector 1122, and the electromagnetic coil 1121 connector can extend through the magnetic fluid inlet and outlet 1114. It can be understood that the electromagnetic coil 1121 can be connected to the external power supply 186 through the coil connector 1122 to achieve the adjustable current in the electromagnetic coil 1121, and the coil connector 1122 is extended from the magnetic fluid inlet and outlet 1114, so that there is no need for an external electromagnetic coil outlet.

[0072] Furthermore, the continuously adjustable nozzle 11 for high-pressure water jet rail grinding is also provided with an abrasive inlet 1116 , which is arranged on the outer periphery of the nozzle body 111 , and is arranged away from the magnetic fluid inlet and outlet 1114 , and is also connected to the water flow channel 1113 . It can be understood that the function of the abrasive inlet 1116 is to inject abrasive into the continuously adjustable nozzle 11 for high-pressure water jet rail grinding. Due to the addition of abrasive, the kinetic energy of high-pressure water is increased, and the corresponding cutting ability is also improved. At the same time, due to the siphon effect, the abrasive is automatically filled into the water channel 1113. By setting the abrasive inlet 1116 away from the magnetic fluid inlet and outlet 1114, interference between the abrasive adding process and the filling and taking out processes of the magnetic fluid 113 can be avoided. The continuously adjustable nozzle 11 device 10 for high-pressure water jet rail grinding of the present invention is also provided with an abrasive inlet 1116 sealing ring, through which the high-pressure water flow can be prevented from being ejected from the abrasive inlet 1116.

[0073] Furthermore, the cross section of the water inlet section 1111 is larger than the cross section of the water outlet section 1112, and a step structure 1117 is provided in the nozzle. The continuously adjustable nozzle 11 for high-pressure water jet rail grinding of the present invention further includes a filter screen 114, the cross section of which is larger than the cross section of the step structure 1117, and the filter screen 114 can be fixed on the step structure 1117 under the action of water pressure. It can be understood that since the cross section of the water inlet section 1111 is larger than the cross section of the water outlet section 1112, the flow rate of the water outlet section 1112 is accelerated, and the kinetic energy of the high-pressure water flow is further increased to improve the cutting ability, and the filter screen 114 can prevent external impurities in the water flow from affecting the use of the continuously adjustable nozzle 11 for high-pressure water jet rail grinding, and the continuously adjustable nozzle 11 for high-pressure water jet rail grinding can prevent the high-pressure water flow from being ejected from the filter screen 114 through the sealing ring of the abrasive inlet 1116.

[0074] The present invention further provides a high-pressure water jet rail grinding device 10 , which includes a rail grinding vehicle 12 , a detection module 13 , an image acquisition module 14 and a processing module 15 .

[0075] The rail grinding vehicle 12 is equipped with a continuously adjustable nozzle 11 for high-pressure water jet rail grinding, and the rail grinding vehicle 12 can repair the rails. The detection module 13 can detect the working state of the rail grinding vehicle 12 and generate detection information, which can be the working position of the rail grinding vehicle 12, the damaged area of ​​the rail, the degree of rust of the rail, etc. The image acquisition module 14 can capture the rail in real time according to the detection information and generate graphic information. Optionally, the image acquisition module 14 can be a multi-eye camera, and the image information can be a rail top surface image and a rail inter-rail image. The multi-eye camera can send the image information to the processing module 15 for data processing. The processing module 15 can evaluate the damaged area of ​​different rail top surfaces and the width of the rail gap according to the image information, thereby realizing the instant adaptation of the target aperture of the jet nozzle of different rail top surfaces and rail gaps to repair rails with different losses, so as to achieve the purpose of automatic repair.

[0076] Furthermore, the high-pressure water jet rail grinding device 10 also includes a control module 16, which can receive different control instructions. The control module 16 can issue control instructions associated with the control instructions to the processing module 15 according to different control instructions. The rail grinding vehicle 12 can perform actions corresponding to the control instructions according to different control instructions, and the action includes controlling the current in the electromagnetic coil 1121 to control the continuously adjustable nozzle 11 of the high-pressure water jet rail grinding to adjust different calibers. The high-pressure water jet rail grinding device 10 also includes a communication module 17, which can establish a communication connection with the control module 16, and the control module 16 is integrated in the terminal. Specifically, the terminal is set as a handheld controller, and the control module 16 is set as a button on the handheld controller, that is, the control mode of the high-pressure water jet rail grinding device 10 of the present invention is manual control. The advantage of such a setting is to avoid machine recognition errors. In addition, it is also equipped with a safety system for leakage protection to prevent accidental losses caused by leakage in the electromagnetic coil 1121 circuit. The continuously adjustable aperture and shape of the nozzle solves the problems of obvious differences in the damage areas of different rail top surfaces in the existing rail grinding, low grinding efficiency, difficulty in the jet beam reaching the designated position, and secondary damage when the rail gap widths are not exactly the same during the running of the grinding vehicle.

[0077] Furthermore, in order to facilitate control, the high-pressure water jet rail grinding equipment 10 also provides an external module 18, which includes an abrasive tank 181, a high-pressure water tank 182, a fluid flow meter 183, a flow valve 184, a magnetic fluid tank 113, a power supply 186, a switch 187, and an ammeter 188. The specific connection method is that the abrasive tank 181 is connected to the abrasive inlet 1116 through an external circuit, and the upper surface of the nozzle body 111 is connected to the high-pressure water tank 182 through a pipeline to provide a high-pressure source, the magnetic fluid 113 inlet and outlet 1114 are connected to the fluid flow meter 183, the flow valve 184, and the magnetic fluid tank 113 in sequence, and the coil connector 1122 is connected to the ammeter 188, the switch 187, and the power supply 186 in sequence.

[0078] Furthermore, the present invention also provides an application method of a continuously variable nozzle applicable to high-pressure water jet grinding of rails, the method comprising the following steps:

[0079] S100: The detection module 13 checks the working status of the rail grinding vehicle 12 and reports to the processing module 15. The process includes the following steps:

[0080] S101: before use, start the calibration device, calibrate the damage state of the surface of the rail to be polished, and calibrate the working position of the jet nozzle;

[0081] S102: the image acquisition module 14 takes a picture of the surface morphology of the rail to be polished, and sends the data to the processing module 15;

[0082] S200: The control device of the processing module 15 analyzes the data, updates the working state, and adjusts the circuit state of the electromagnetic coil 1121 loop according to the working state. The process includes the following steps:

[0083] S201: The data receiver receives valid data from the detection module 13 and sends it to the identification unit of the processing module 15;

[0084] S202: The processing module 15 analyzes and recognizes the image to determine the damage of the rails in the section;

[0085] S203: The processing module 15 issues instructions according to the damage of the current road section and the pre-set corresponding relationship to adjust the circuit state of the electromagnetic coil 1121 loop;

[0086] S204: The power supply 186 in the circuit outputs the corresponding current according to the instruction, and the switch 187 is turned on and off;

[0087] S300: The supervisor inputs an instruction to change or designate a change in the working state through the handheld controller, and the working state control device of the processing module 15 implements the instruction;

[0088] S400: After the electromagnetic coil 1121 is energized, an electromagnetic field is excited in the space where the cavity is located. The electromagnetic field causes the magnetic fluid 113 in the magnetic fluid cavity 1111a to solidify rapidly. The solidification region and area are affected by the intensity and distribution of the electromagnetic field. As the circuit state changes, the excited electromagnetic field also changes accordingly, and the magnetic fluid 113 in the magnetic fluid cavity 1111a reaches a preset magnetic fluid 113 solidification state.

[0089] S500: After the magnetic fluid 113 is solidified, the aperture and shape of the continuously adjustable nozzle 11 for high-pressure water jet rail grinding are changed to achieve the target function that meets the working state.

[0090] It will be easily understood by those skilled in the art that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A continuously adjustable nozzle for high-pressure water jet rail grinding, characterized in that: include: A nozzle body, wherein the nozzle body has a water inlet section and a water outlet section, wherein the water inlet section is used for the inflow of high-pressure water flow, and the water outlet section is used for the outflow of high-pressure water flow, a water flow channel is formed between the water inlet section and the water outlet section, and the water outlet section is provided with a magnetic fluid cavity, and the magnetic fluid cavity can be deformed; A field generator is disposed at the water outlet section, and the field generator can generate a continuously adjustable magnetic field; and a magnetic fluid disposed in the magnetic fluid cavity, wherein the hardness of the magnetic fluid can change with the change of the magnetic field strength of the magnetic field generated by the field generator, thereby changing the cross-sectional area of ​​the magnetic fluid cavity; the hardening ability of the magnetic fluid is positively correlated with the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic field generated by the field generator, and the function of the hardening ability of the magnetic fluid and the magnetic field induction intensity is: ,in is the magnetic viscosity. The greater the magnetic viscosity, the greater the hardness. is the proportionality coefficient, is the magnetic permeability of the magnetic fluid, H is the magnetic field strength; The field generator comprises an electromagnetic coil, which is arranged in the magnetic fluid cavity. The electromagnetic coil can generate a continuously adjustable magnetic field according to the current density flowing inside. The magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic field excited by the electromagnetic coil and the function of the current density flowing in the electromagnetic coil are: ,in, S is any closed curve in space, J is the current density in the energized coil, L is the boundary of the closed curve.

2. The continuously adjustable nozzle for high-pressure water jet rail grinding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The current density flowing through the electromagnetic coil is positively correlated with the current flowing through the electromagnetic coil, and its function is: , I is the current flowing through the electromagnetic coil, π is the circumference of a circle, r is the radius of the electromagnetic coil.

3. The continuously adjustable nozzle for high-pressure water jet rail grinding according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are multiple electromagnetic coils, and the multiple electromagnetic coils are arranged in the water outlet section. Different currents can flow through each electromagnetic coil to form the magnetic fluid with continuous different hardness in the water outlet section.

4. The continuously adjustable nozzle for high-pressure water jet rail grinding according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of electromagnetic coils are arranged vertically in sequence in the water outlet section, and each electromagnetic coil is arranged around the water outlet section.

5. The continuously adjustable nozzle for high-pressure water jet rail grinding according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The nozzle body is provided with a magnetic fluid inlet and outlet and a magnetic fluid channel. The magnetic fluid inlet and outlet are arranged on the outer periphery of the nozzle body. The magnetic fluid inlet and outlet are connected with the magnetic fluid cavity through the magnetic fluid channel. The magnetic fluid can enter or leave the magnetic fluid cavity through the magnetic fluid inlet and outlet.

6. The continuously adjustable nozzle for high-pressure water jet rail grinding according to claim 5, characterized in that: The electromagnetic coil has a coil connector, and the coil connector can extend through the magnetic fluid inlet and outlet.

7. The continuously adjustable nozzle for high-pressure water jet rail grinding according to claim 6, characterized in that: The nozzle body is also provided with an abrasive inlet, which is arranged at the outer periphery of the nozzle, the abrasive inlet is arranged away from the magnetic fluid inlet and outlet, and the abrasive inlet is also communicated with the water flow channel.

8. The continuously adjustable nozzle for high-pressure water jet rail grinding according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The cross section of the water inlet section is larger than the cross section of the water outlet section; A step structure is arranged inside the nozzle body, and the nozzle further comprises a filter screen, the cross section of the filter screen is larger than the cross section of the step structure, and the filter screen can be fixed on the step structure under the action of water pressure.

9. The continuously adjustable nozzle for high-pressure water jet rail grinding according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The magnetic fluid is solid magnetic particles.

10. A high-pressure water jet rail grinding device, characterized in that: include: A rail grinding vehicle, wherein the rail grinding vehicle is equipped with a continuously adjustable nozzle for high-pressure water jet rail grinding according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the rail grinding vehicle can perform repair work on the rails; A detection module, the detection module is used to detect the working status of the rail grinding vehicle and generate detection information; An image acquisition module, which can capture the rail in real time according to the detection information and generate image information; A processing module, wherein the processing module can control the nozzle to adjust different calibers according to the image information so as to repair the rails with different losses.

11. The high-pressure water jet rail grinding equipment according to claim 10, characterized in that: It also includes a control module, which can receive different control instructions. The control module can issue control instructions associated with the control instructions to the processing module according to the different control instructions. The rail grinding vehicle can perform actions corresponding to the control instructions according to the different control instructions, and the actions include controlling the current in the electromagnetic coil to control the continuously adjustable nozzle of the high-pressure water jet rail grinding to adjust to different calibers; The continuously adjustable nozzle device for high-pressure water jet rail grinding further comprises a communication module, and the communication module establishes a communication connection with the control module; The control module is integrated in the terminal.

12. A high-pressure water jet rail grinding method, implemented based on the high-pressure water jet rail grinding device according to any one of claims 10 or 11, comprising: S100: The detection module checks the working status of the rail grinding vehicle and reports to the processing module. S100 includes the following steps: S101: before use, start the calibration device, calibrate the damage state of the surface of the rail to be polished, and calibrate the working position of the jet nozzle; S102: The image acquisition module takes a picture of the surface morphology of the rail to be polished, and sends the data to the processing module; S200: The control device of the processing module analyzes the data, updates the working state, and adjusts the circuit state of the electromagnetic coil loop according to the working state. The process includes the following steps: S201: The data receiver receives valid data from the detection module and sends it to the identification unit of the processing module; S202: The processing module recognition unit analyzes and recognizes the image to determine the damage of the rails in the road section; S203: The processing module control unit issues instructions according to the damage of the current road section and the pre-set corresponding relationship to adjust the circuit state of the electromagnetic coil loop; S204: The power supply in the circuit outputs the corresponding current according to the instruction, and the switch is turned on and off; S300: The supervisor inputs an instruction to change or designate a change in the working state through a handheld controller, and the working state control device of the processing module implements the instruction; S400: After the electromagnetic coil is energized, an electromagnetic field is excited in the space where the cavity is located. The electromagnetic field causes the magnetic fluid in the magnetic fluid cavity to solidify rapidly. The solidification region and area are affected by the intensity and distribution of the electromagnetic field. As the circuit state changes, the excited electromagnetic field also changes accordingly, and the magnetic fluid in the magnetic fluid cavity a reaches a preset magnetic fluid solidification state; S500: After the magnetic fluid solidifies, the aperture and shape of the continuously adjustable nozzle for high-pressure water jet rail grinding change to achieve the target function that meets the working conditions.

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