A high efficiency fuel combustion system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of internal combustion engine combustion. The present invention discloses a high-efficiency fuel combustion system, comprising a combustion chamber, wherein a piston is slidably connected in the combustion chamber, an intake passage and an exhaust passage are provided on a cylinder head above the combustion chamber, the intake passage is divided into an intake cavity and a mixing cavity, a high-reaction-rate low-pressure fuel injector and a low-reaction-rate low-pressure fuel injector are provided on the cavity wall of the mixing cavity, and a fuel mixing mechanism is provided in the mixing cavity; the fuel mixing mechanism comprises a return plate fixed in the intake passage, the return plate divides the intake passage into a mixing cavity and an intake cavity, a flow guide mechanism is provided on the return plate, and the flow guide mechanism and the return plate cooperate to fully mix the fuel in the mixing cavity; the high-efficiency fuel combustion system disclosed by the present invention can not only fully and evenly mix the fuels of two rates, but also further improve the combustion efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of internal combustion engine combustion, in particular to a high-efficiency fuel combustion system. Background Art

[0002] At present, many engine technologies on the market are based on low-carbon and carbon-free fuels. At the same time, in order to ensure the high-efficiency combustion of their fuels, some engines currently add some high-reaction-rate fuels to the fuel components, so that they can be directly mixed and reacted in the intake duct, and the combustion efficiency can be improved when entering the combustion chamber. However, many engines currently directly add high-reaction-rate fuel and low-reaction-rate fuel into the combustion chamber from the intake duct, so that they enter the combustion chamber directly without being fully mixed, which still reduces the efficiency of fuel combustion. Therefore, an efficient fuel combustion system is proposed, which can make the two-rate fuel fully and evenly mixed to further improve the combustion efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency fuel combustion system to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, so as to enable the fuels of two rates to be fully and evenly mixed, thereby further improving the combustion efficiency.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following scheme: The present invention provides a high-efficiency fuel combustion system, comprising a combustion chamber, a piston is slidably connected in the combustion chamber, an intake passage and an exhaust passage are provided on a cylinder head above the combustion chamber, an ignition chamber is provided on the cylinder head, a spark plug and an ignition chamber hydrogen-rich fuel high-pressure injector are provided in the ignition chamber, an in-cylinder hydrogen-rich fuel high-pressure injector is also provided on the cylinder head, the intake passage is divided into an intake chamber and a mixing chamber, a high-reaction-rate low-pressure injector and a low-reaction-rate low-pressure injector are provided on the cavity wall of the mixing chamber, and a fuel mixing mechanism is provided in the mixing chamber;

[0005] The fuel mixing mechanism includes a return plate fixedly connected to the air inlet duct, the return plate divides the air inlet duct into a mixing chamber and an air inlet chamber, and a guide mechanism is arranged on the return plate, the guide mechanism divides the air inlet duct into a plurality of cavities, and the guide mechanism and the return plate cooperate to enable the fuel to be fully mixed in the mixing chamber.

[0006] Preferably, the guide mechanism comprises a plurality of first guide plates, a second guide plate and a third guide plate fixedly connected to the return plate, and the first guide plates, the second guide plates and the third guide plates are arc-shaped structures, and the first guide plates, the second guide plates and the third guide plates are each provided with a plurality of through holes, and the through holes on the first guide plates, the second guide plates and the third guide plates are arranged correspondingly;

[0007] The return plate is provided with a plurality of through holes.

[0008] Preferably, two second guide plates are symmetrically arranged at the center of the return plate, and the arc openings of the two second guide plates are correspondingly arranged, and two first guide plates and a third guide plate are symmetrically arranged on the return plate, respectively. The two first guide plates are located on both sides of the middle of the arc of the two second guide plates, and the two third guide plates are located on both sides of the arc ends of the two second guide plates.

[0009] Preferably, the return plate has a structure with concave ends and a convex middle.

[0010] Preferably, no through hole is provided on the middle protrusion of the return plate.

[0011] Preferably, the flow guiding mechanism is a first mixing section, a second mixing section and an air outlet section fixed in the air inlet duct, the first mixing section, the second mixing section and the air outlet section are fixedly connected, the first mixing section and the air outlet section are inverted cone structures, the second mixing section is a quasi-circular structure, the air outlet section is fixedly connected to the return plate, and a through hole is provided on the protrusion of the return plate.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of arc-shaped pits are formed on the piston, and an arc-shaped outer edge is fixedly connected to the top of the arc-shaped pit, and the arc-shaped pit and the arc-shaped outer edge cooperate to form an annular cavity.

[0013] The present invention discloses the following technical effects: the high-efficiency fuel combustion system disclosed in the present invention is provided with a return plate in the intake duct, the return plate divides the intake duct into a mixing chamber and an intake chamber, a guide mechanism is provided on the return plate, the guide mechanism and the return plate cooperate to make the fuel fully mixed in the mixing chamber, the guide mechanism divides the combustion chamber into a plurality of cavities, so that the fuels injected from the high-reaction-rate low-pressure injector and the low-reaction-rate low-pressure injector can be fully and evenly mixed through the plurality of cavities, and the flow rate can be reduced under the action of the guide mechanism, so that the time for full mixing can be extended, and at the same time the return plate can block the fuel back so that the fuel can be mixed again in the cavity, so that not only the fuels of the two rates can be fully and evenly mixed, but also the combustion efficiency can be further improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0015] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fuel combustion system in Example 1;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a front view of the mixing chamber in Example 1;

[0017] Figure 3 is a top view of the mixing chamber in Example 1;

[0018] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel combustion system in Example 2;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a front view of the mixing chamber in Example 2;

[0020] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel combustion system in Example 3;

[0021] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel combustion system in Example 4;

[0022] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the piston moves upward and cooperates with the cylinder head in Example 4;

[0023] Among them, 1-combustion chamber; 2-intake duct; 3-exhaust duct; 4-ignition chamber; 5-high reaction rate low pressure injector; 6-low reaction rate low pressure injector; 7-ignition chamber hydrogen-rich fuel high pressure injector; 8-cylinder hydrogen-rich fuel high pressure injector; 9-spark plug; 10-mixing chamber; 101-first guide plate; 102-second guide plate; 103-third guide plate; 104-through hole; 105-return plate; 106-through hole; 107-first mixing section; 108-second mixing section; 109-exhaust section; 11-piston; 111-arc-shaped pit; 112-arc-shaped outer edge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] Reference Figure 1-3The present invention provides a high-efficiency fuel combustion system, comprising a combustion chamber 1, a piston 11 is slidably connected in the combustion chamber 1, an intake passage 2 and an exhaust passage 3 are provided on a cylinder head above the combustion chamber 1, an ignition chamber 4 is provided on the cylinder head, a spark plug 9 and an ignition chamber hydrogen-rich fuel high-pressure injector 7 are provided in the ignition chamber 4, an in-cylinder hydrogen-rich fuel high-pressure injector 8 is also provided on the cylinder head, the intake passage 2 is divided into an intake cavity and a mixing cavity 10, a high-reaction rate low-pressure injector 5 and a low-reaction rate low-pressure injector 6 are provided on the cavity wall of the mixing cavity 10, and a fuel mixing mechanism is provided in the mixing cavity 10;

[0028] The fuel mixing mechanism includes a return plate 105 fixedly connected to the air inlet duct 2. The return plate 105 divides the air inlet duct 2 into a mixing chamber 10 and an air inlet chamber. A guide mechanism is provided on the return plate 105. The guide mechanism divides the air inlet duct 2 into several cavities. The guide mechanism and the return plate 105 cooperate to ensure that the fuel is fully mixed in the mixing chamber 10. The fuel of the high-reaction-rate low-pressure injector 5 and the low-reaction-rate low-pressure injector 6 is a low-carbon / carbon-free fuel, and specifically, the high-reaction-rate low-carbon / carbon-free fuel is methanol, dimethyl ether or hydrogen, or a mixture thereof, and the low-reaction-rate low-carbon / carbon-free fuel is liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas or ammonia, or a mixture thereof; the hydrogen-rich fuel is obtained by online catalytic cracking or catalytic reforming of the main fuel using the waste heat of the engine exhaust gas, thereby improving the energy utilization efficiency of the engine, and the ignition chamber 4 can also be replaced by a spark plug 9, a high-energy spark plug 9, a plasma nozzle and a compression ignition fuel jet injector, mainly to achieve precise control of the ignition timing, all of which are existing technologies and can be selected and adjusted as needed.

[0029] Further optimized solution, the guide mechanism includes a plurality of first guide plates 101, a second guide plate 102 and a third guide plate 103 fixedly connected to the return plate 105, and the first guide plate 101, the second guide plate 102 and the third guide plate 103 are arc-shaped structures, and the first guide plate 101, the second guide plate 102 and the third guide plate 103 are each provided with a plurality of through holes 104, and the through holes 104 on the first guide plate 101, the second guide plate 102 and the third guide plate 103 are correspondingly arranged;

[0030] The return plate 105 is provided with a plurality of through holes 106 .

[0031] Furthermore, two second guide plates 102 are symmetrically arranged at the center of the return plate 105, and the arc openings of the two second guide plates 102 are correspondingly arranged, and two first guide plates 101 and a third guide plate 103 are symmetrically arranged on the return plate 105, respectively. The two first guide plates 101 are located on both sides of the middle of the arc of the two second guide plates 102, and the two third guide plates 103 are located on both sides of the arc ends of the two second guide plates 102.

[0032] Specifically, Figure 2-3 As shown, the inner cavity of the entire intake passage 2 is divided into a plurality of cavities by the first guide plate 101, the second guide plate 102 and the third guide plate 103, so that the high reaction rate low carbon / carbon-free fuel and the low reaction rate low carbon / carbon-free fuel are fully mixed in the mixing chamber 10 before entering the combustion chamber 1. Figure 2 As shown, the arc mouths of the arc-shaped structures of the two first guide plates 101 are arranged relatively to each other, so that the cavity formed therefrom will present a cavity of different widths, and the flow velocities and flow rates of the high reaction rate low carbon / carbon-free fuel and the low reaction rate low carbon / carbon-free fuel are different when entering therein, so that they have sufficient time to mix, and the mixing is more sufficient and uniform, and the arc mouths of the two arc-shaped structures of the two second guide plates 102 are arranged opposite to the arc mouths of the second guide plates 102, so that the cavity formed by the two arcs will be a structure in which the width in the middle is smaller than that at both ends, which will also make the flow velocities and flow rates different, so that there is sufficient mixing time. When in use, first, the high-reaction-rate low-carbon / carbon-free fuel is sprayed out from the high-reaction-rate low-pressure fuel injector 5, and the low-reaction-rate low-carbon / carbon-free fuel is sprayed out from the low-reaction-rate low-pressure fuel injector 6. After the two fuels pass through, they will be directly dispersed in different cavities. Since a plurality of through holes 104 are provided on the first guide plate 101, the second guide plate 102 and the third guide plate 103, the high-reaction-rate low-carbon / carbon-free fuel and the low-reaction-rate low-carbon / carbon-free fuel will enter different cavities through the through holes 104 before flowing into the combustion chamber 1 longitudinally. This will cause the high-reaction-rate low-carbon / carbon-free fuel and the low-reaction-rate low-carbon / carbon-free fuel to be fully mixed in the mixing chamber 10 before entering the combustion chamber 1, which greatly improves the combustion efficiency and fully improves the combustion efficiency of the fuel; at the same time, a number of through holes 106 are opened on the return plate 105, so that when the mixed fuel enters the intake chamber through the through holes 106, and then enters the combustion chamber 1, at this time, start the spark plug 9, and the fully mixed high-reaction-rate low-carbon / carbon-free fuel and the low-reaction-rate low-carbon / carbon-free fuel in the combustion chamber 1 will be fully burned.

[0033] Furthermore, the return plate 105 is a structure with two concave ends and a convex middle portion, and wherein no through hole 106 is provided on the convex middle portion of the return plate 105 .

[0034] Specifically, Figure 2As shown, the two sides of the reflux plate 105 are concave structures, so when the high-reaction-rate low-carbon / carbon-free fuel and the low-reaction-rate low-carbon / carbon-free fuel enter the cavity in the mixing chamber 10, the width of the inner cavity is different, which will reduce the speed at which the fuel enters, making the mixing more uniform and sufficient. Since there is no through hole 106 on the middle raised structure, the high-reaction-rate low-carbon / carbon-free fuel and the low-reaction-rate low-carbon / carbon-free fuel will not flow down to the intake cavity, but will flow back to the top again and then flow into the intake cavity through the through hole 104. In this way, the secondary reflux will make all fuels mixed more uniformly and fully, and can further improve the later combustion efficiency.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] Refer to the attached Figure 4-5 The only difference from Example 1 is that the guide mechanism is a first mixing section 107, a second mixing section 108 and an air outlet section 109 fixed in the air inlet duct 2, the first mixing section 107, the second mixing section 108 and the air outlet section 109 are fixedly connected, the first mixing section 107 and the air outlet section 109 are inverted cone structures, the second mixing section 108 is a quasi-circular structure, the air outlet section 109 is fixedly connected to the return plate 105, and a through hole 106 is provided on the protrusion of the return plate 105.

[0037] Specifically, Figure 5 As shown, the mixing chamber 10 is divided into a first mixing section 107, a second mixing section 108 and an air outlet section 109 by using plates of different shapes, and the widths of the first mixing section 107, the second mixing section 108 and the air outlet section 109 gradually decrease, so that when the high reaction rate low carbon / carbon-free fuel and the low reaction rate low carbon / carbon-free fuel are first mixed in the first mixing section 107, due to its inverted cone structure, the flow rate will be reduced, and then the flow rate will be reduced, and they will be fully mixed here, and when they enter the second mixing section 108, due to the interior of the second mixing section 108 The structure is an arc, so that the high reaction rate low carbon / carbon-free fuel and the low reaction rate low carbon / carbon-free fuel will form a vortex when entering, so that the whole will enter the outlet section 109 after a circle of internal circulation and mixing, and the outlet section 109 is also an inverted cone structure, so that the high reaction rate low carbon / carbon-free fuel and the low reaction rate low carbon / carbon-free fuel are respectively mixed through the first mixing section 107, the second mixing section 108 and the outlet section 109, and then enter the air intake cavity through the through hole 106 on the return plate 105, and then enter the combustion chamber 1 for combustion. Since it enters the combustion chamber 1 after being fully mixed, the combustion efficiency is greatly improved, and the fuel can be fully mixed and burned.

[0038] Example 3

[0039] like Figure 6As shown, the only difference from Embodiment 2 is that the return plate 105 can also be a straight plate.

[0040] Example 4

[0041] like Figure 7-8 As shown, the only difference from Example 1 is that a plurality of arcuate recesses 111 are provided on the piston 11, and an arcuate outer edge 112 is fixed to the top of the arcuate recesses 111, and the arcuate recesses 111 and the arcuate outer edge 112 cooperate to form an annular cavity.

[0042] Specifically, Figure 7 As shown, a plurality of arcuate pits 111 on the piston 11 form an annular pit on the piston 11, so that when the high-reaction-rate low-carbon / carbon-free fuel and the low-reaction-rate low-carbon / carbon-free fuel are burned in the combustion chamber 1, they will not be lost from the piston 11 and the cylinder body of the combustion chamber 1, but will gather in the arcuate pit 111 and form a vortex therein, thus providing sufficient space for the combustion of the high-reaction-rate low-carbon / carbon-free fuel and the low-reaction-rate low-carbon / carbon-free fuel. Since the high-reaction-rate low-carbon / carbon-free fuel and the low-reaction-rate low-carbon / carbon-free fuel will gather in the annular pit formed by the arcuate pit 111, the loss rate of the fuel from the piston 11 and the cylinder body of the combustion chamber 1 will be reduced, thus making the high-reaction-rate low-carbon / carbon-free fuel and the low-reaction-rate low-carbon / carbon-free fuel fully burned with a low loss rate, thereby further improving the combustion efficiency. Furthermore, Figure 8 As shown, when the piston 11 moves upward, the top of the piston 11 cooperates with the cylinder head. At this time, the arc-shaped outer edge 112 coincides with the intake end and the exhaust end of the intake duct 2 and the exhaust duct 3, so that the fully mixed high-reaction-rate low-carbon / carbon-free fuel and low-reaction-rate low-carbon / carbon-free fuel can be directly gathered in the annular pit, thereby further improving the combustion rate.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0044] The above embodiments are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency fuel combustion system, comprising a combustion chamber (1), a piston (11) being slidably connected in the combustion chamber (1), an intake passage (2) and an exhaust passage (3) being provided on a cylinder head above the combustion chamber (1), an ignition chamber (4) being provided on the cylinder head, a spark plug (9) and an ignition chamber hydrogen-rich fuel high-pressure injector (7) being provided in the ignition chamber (4), and an in-cylinder hydrogen-rich fuel high-pressure injector (8) being further provided on the cylinder head, characterized in that: The air intake passage (2) is divided into an air intake chamber and a mixing chamber (10), a high-reaction-rate low-pressure fuel injector (5) and a low-reaction-rate low-pressure fuel injector (6) are arranged on the chamber wall of the mixing chamber (10), and a fuel mixing mechanism is arranged in the mixing chamber (10); The fuel mixing mechanism comprises a return plate (105) fixedly connected to the air intake passage (2), the return plate (105) dividing the air intake passage (2) into a mixing chamber (10) and an air intake chamber, a flow guiding mechanism is arranged on the return plate (105), the flow guiding mechanism divides the air intake passage (2) into a plurality of chambers, and the flow guiding mechanism and the return plate (105) cooperate to enable the fuel to be fully mixed in the mixing chamber (10); The flow guide mechanism comprises a plurality of first flow guide plates (101), a second flow guide plate (102) and a third flow guide plate (103) fixedly connected to the return plate (105), and the first flow guide plates (101), the second flow guide plates (102) and the third flow guide plates (103) are arc-shaped structures, and the first flow guide plates (101), the second flow guide plates (102) and the third flow guide plates (103) are all provided with a plurality of through holes (104), and the through holes (104) on the first flow guide plates (101), the second flow guide plates (102) and the third flow guide plates (103) are arranged correspondingly; The return plate (105) is provided with a plurality of through holes (106); Two second guide plates (102) are symmetrically arranged at the center of the return plate (105), and the arc openings of the two second guide plates (102) are arranged correspondingly, and two first guide plates (101) and a third guide plate (103) are symmetrically arranged on the return plate (105), respectively, the two first guide plates (101) are located on both sides of the middle of the circular arc of the two second guide plates (102), and the two third guide plates (103) are located on both sides of the circular arc ends of the two second guide plates (102).

2. The high-efficiency fuel combustion system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The return plate (105) is a structure with concave ends and a convex middle.

3. The high-efficiency fuel combustion system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston (11) is provided with a plurality of arc-shaped recesses (111), the tops of the arc-shaped recesses (111) are fixedly connected with arc-shaped outer edges (112), and the arc-shaped recesses (111) and the arc-shaped outer edges (112) cooperate to form an annular cavity.

Images