Auxiliary disassembly device for railway freight car coupler buffer

Abstract

The present invention discloses an auxiliary disassembly device for a railway freight car coupler buffer, belonging to the technical field of railway freight car disassembly and assembly, the present invention comprises a top support assembly, a scissor-type lifting mechanism, a bottom drive assembly, and a quick-release coupler assembly, the top support assembly comprises a top plate, the upper end of the top plate is fixedly connected with a buffer limit block, a first support member, a second support member, a third support member, a fourth support member, and a cylinder fixing seat in sequence from front to back, the cylinder fixing seat is fixedly connected with an extrusion cylinder, and the bottom front of the top plate is fixedly connected with two groups of upper hinge seats. The auxiliary disassembly device can disassemble the coupler and the buffer at the same time, and the disassembly speed is relatively fast; the extrusion coupler can be quickly replaced to meet the needs of disassembling different types of coupler buffers, and the adaptability is relatively strong; the auxiliary disassembly device does not require workers to knock when removing the hook tail pin, and the hook tail pin can be removed in a safer and easier way.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of railway freight car disassembly and assembly, and in particular to an auxiliary disassembly device for a railway freight car coupler buffer. Background Art

[0002] With the development of railway technology, more than 20,000 railway freight cars need to be scrapped every year. Fig.10 As shown, scrapped railway freight cars need to be disassembled, wherein the disassembly of the coupler buffer is one of the key processes. The coupler buffer consists of a coupler 501, a coupler tail pin 502, and a buffer 503. The strong pre-compression force of the buffer 503 makes the front follower plate 5031 and the rear follower plate 5032 closely contact with the car body 505, making them difficult to disassemble.

[0003] Currently, two different removal machines are required to remove the coupler buffer, such as Fig.10 As shown, the coupler pin 502 is first removed, and then a disassembly machine disassembles the coupler 501, and another disassembly machine disassembles the buffer 503. This method is suitable for daily maintenance of railway freight cars. However, for scrapped railway freight cars, the method of disassembling the coupler 501 and the buffer 503 separately has the problems of slow disassembly speed and low production efficiency; the current coupler disassembly machine can only disassemble the coupler of the corresponding vehicle model, and has poor adaptability; disassembling the coupler pin 502 usually requires manual knocking, which has the problems of high labor intensity and poor safety for workers. Summary of the invention

[0004] 1. Technical issues to be solved

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an auxiliary disassembly device for a railway freight car coupler buffer, which can simultaneously disassemble the coupler and the buffer, and has a relatively fast disassembly speed; it can quickly replace the extruded coupler to meet the needs of disassembling different types of coupler buffers, and has strong adaptability; the auxiliary disassembly device does not require workers to knock when removing the coupler tail pin, and can remove the coupler tail pin in a safer and easier manner.

[0006] (II) Technical solution

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an auxiliary disassembly device for a railway freight car coupler buffer, the device comprising a top support assembly, a scissor-type lifting mechanism, a bottom drive assembly, and a quick-release coupler assembly.

[0008] Preferably, the top support assembly includes a top plate, the upper end of the top plate is fixedly connected with a buffer limit block, a first support member, a second support member, a third support member, a fourth support member, and a cylinder fixing seat in sequence from front to back, an extrusion cylinder is fixedly connected to the cylinder fixing seat, two groups of upper hinge seats are fixedly connected to the front of the bottom of the top plate, and two U-shaped upper roller tracks are fixedly connected to the rear of the bottom of the top plate.

[0009] Preferably, the scissor-type lifting mechanism mainly includes an outer scissor arm, an inner scissor arm and a lifting cylinder, the outer scissor arm and the inner scissor arm are both four-bar frame structures, and the middle parts of the two are hinged to form a scissor type through a rotating shaft; the top of the outer scissor arm is hinged to the upper hinge seat, and the lower sides of the outer scissor arm are rotatably connected to lower rollers, and the lower rollers roll in the lower roller track, and the bottom cross bar of the outer scissor arm is hinged to a lifting cylinder, and the front end of the lifting cylinder is hinged to the inner scissor arm, and the lower part of the inner scissor arm is hinged to a lower hinge seat, and the upper inner side of the upper part of the inner scissor arm is rotatably connected to the upper roller, and the upper roller rolls in the upper roller track.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom drive assembly includes a base frame, the base frame as a whole presents an I-shaped frame structure, two groups of lower hinge seats are fixedly connected to the front upper part of the base frame, two U-shaped lower roller tracks are fixedly connected to the rear upper part of the base frame, two first bearing seats are fixedly connected to the front lower part of the base frame, a driven shaft is installed in the two first bearing seats, both ends of the driven shaft are respectively fixedly connected to a front track wheel, a reducer is fixedly connected to the upper right rear side of the base frame, the output shaft of the reducer is fixedly connected to a driving sprocket, the driving sprocket is connected to the driven sprocket on the transmission shaft through a chain drive, the transmission shaft is supported by two second bearing seats fixedly connected to the lower rear side of the base frame, both ends of the transmission shaft are respectively fixedly connected to a rear track wheel, four lifting rings are fixedly connected to both sides of the base frame, and a hydraulic pump station is fixedly connected to the upper left rear side of the base frame.

[0011] Preferably, the quick-release coupler assembly includes a fixed flange, a first quick-release joint, a second quick-release joint, and an extruded coupler, the front end face of the fixed flange is fixedly connected with the first quick-release joint, the rear end face of the extruded coupler is provided with the second quick-release joint, the outer contour of the extruded coupler matches the outer contour of the coupler of the vehicle model to be disassembled, the first quick-release joint and the second quick-release joint both include a fixed seat, two arc-shaped protrusions are provided above the fixed seat, the cross-sectional shape of the arc-shaped protrusion is U-shaped, two arc-shaped openings are provided above the fixed seat, two arc-shaped slide grooves are provided inside the fixed seat, and the two arc-shaped protrusions of the second quick-release joint are screwed into the arc-shaped slide grooves through the two arc-shaped openings of the first quick-release joint.

[0012] Preferably, the top plate is provided with a first square hole, a second square hole, and a third square hole in sequence from front to back; the buffer limit block is fixed in the first square hole by a mortise and tenon structure and is welded all around, and the cylinder fixing seat is fixed in the third square hole by a mortise and tenon structure and is welded all around.

[0013] Preferably, the buffer limit block and the cylinder fixing seat can withstand tons of hydraulic cylinder thrust, and limit plates are provided on both sides above the first support member, the second support member and the third support member.

[0014] Preferably, the front end of the piston rod of the extrusion cylinder is fixedly connected to the quick-release coupler assembly via a fixing flange.

[0015] (III) Beneficial effects

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an auxiliary disassembly device for a railway freight car coupler buffer, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The auxiliary disassembly device for the railway freight car coupler buffer drives the extrusion cylinder to apply pressure to the coupler through the hydraulic pump station, so that the buffer is compressed to create a gap between the front and rear plates and the car body, and then the lifting cylinder is shortened to lower the scissor-type lifting mechanism, thereby realizing the simultaneous disassembly of the coupler and the buffer.

[0018] 2. The auxiliary disassembly device for the railway freight car coupler buffer can replace the extrusion coupler through the quick-release joint to adapt to different vehicle models. When the extrusion coupler needs to be replaced, the two arc-shaped protrusions of the second quick-release joint can be screwed into the arc-shaped slide groove through the two arc-shaped openings, thereby completing the rapid replacement of the extrusion coupler.

[0019] 3. The auxiliary disassembly device for the railway freight car coupler buffer drives the extrusion cylinder to extend through the hydraulic pump station, so that the extruded coupler and the coupler are engaged and lightly bumped, thereby loosening the hook tail pin and falling off from the second square hole. This process does not require manual knocking, thereby reducing work intensity and improving production safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the working state of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the top support assembly structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the scissor-type lifting mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the upper structure of the bottom drive assembly of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure below the bottom drive assembly of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the quick-release coupler assembly of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the quick-release connector of the present invention;

[0028] Fig. 9 A top view of the top plate of the present invention;

[0029] Fig.10 A top view of a railway freight car coupler buffer.

[0030] In the figure: 1, top support assembly; 2, scissor lift mechanism; 3, bottom drive assembly; 4, quick release hook assembly; 5, hook buffer; 101, top plate; 1011, first square hole; 1012, second square hole; 1013, third hole; 102, buffer stopper; 103, first support member; 104, second support member; 105, third support member; 106, fourth support member; 107, cylinder fixing seat; 108, extrusion cylinder; 109, upper hinge seat; 110, upper roller track; 201, outer scissor arm; 202, lower roller; 203, lifting cylinder; 204, inner scissor arm; 205, upper roller; 301, bottom frame; 302, lower hinge seat; 303, lower roller track; 3 04, first bearing seat; 305, driven shaft; 306, front track wheel; 307, reducer; 308, driving sprocket; 309, transmission shaft; 310, driven sprocket; 311, second bearing seat; 312, rear track wheel; 313, lifting ring; 314, hydraulic pump station; 401, fixing flange; 402, first quick-release joint; 403, second quick-release joint; 4031, fixing seat; 4032, arc-shaped protrusion; 4033, arc-shaped opening; 4034, arc-shaped slide groove; 404, extrusion hook; 501, hook; 502, hook tail pin; 503, buffer; 5031, front follower plate; 5032, rear follower plate; 504, hook support seat; 505, car body; 506, buffer support plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] See also Figure 1-10, an auxiliary disassembly device for a railway freight car coupler buffer, the device comprises a top support assembly 1, a scissor-type lifting mechanism 2, a bottom drive assembly 3, and a quick-release coupler assembly 4, the top support assembly 1 comprises a top plate 101, the upper end of the top plate 101 is fixedly connected with a buffer limit block 102, a first support member 103, a second support member 104, a third support member 105, a fourth support member 106, and a cylinder fixing seat 107 in sequence from front to back, and the top plate 101 is provided with a first square hole 1011, a second square hole 1012, and a third square hole 1013 in sequence from front to back; the buffer limit block 102 is fixed in the first square hole 1011 through a mortise and tenon structure and is fixedly connected by welding all around, the cylinder fixing seat 107 is fixed in the third square hole 1013 through a mortise and tenon structure and is fixedly connected all around Welded connection, the buffer limit block 102 and the cylinder fixing seat 107 can withstand the hydraulic cylinder thrust of 40 tons. The first support member 103, the second support member 104, and the third support member 105 are provided with limit plates on both sides above. The cylinder fixing seat 107 is fixedly connected with an extrusion cylinder 108. The front end of the piston rod of the extrusion cylinder 108 is fixedly connected to the quick-release hook assembly 4 through a fixed flange 401. Two sets of upper hinge seats 109 are fixedly connected to the front of the bottom of the top plate 101. Two U-shaped upper roller tracks 110 are fixedly connected to the rear of the bottom of the top plate 101. The scissor-type lifting mechanism 2 mainly includes an outer scissor fork arm 201, an inner scissor fork arm 204 and a lifting cylinder 203. The outer scissor fork arm 201 and the inner scissor fork arm 204 are both four-bar frame structures, and the middle part of the two is hinged to form a scissor type through a rotating shaft;The upper part of the outer scissor fork arm 201 is hinged to the upper hinge seat 109, and the lower sides of the outer scissor fork arm 201 are rotatably connected to the lower rollers 202, and the lower rollers 202 roll in the lower roller track 303. The bottom cross bar of the outer scissor fork arm 201 is hinged to the lifting cylinder 203, and the front end of the lifting cylinder 203 is hinged to the inner scissor fork arm 204, and the lower hinge seat 302 is hinged to the lower part of the inner scissor fork arm 204. The upper inner side of the inner scissor fork arm 204 is rotatably connected to the upper roller 205, and the upper roller 205 rolls in the upper roller track 110. The bottom drive assembly 3 includes a bottom frame 301, and the bottom frame 301 is integrally formed. I-shaped frame structure, two sets of lower hinge seats 302 are fixedly connected to the front upper part of the bottom frame 301, two U-shaped lower roller tracks 303 are fixedly connected to the rear upper part of the bottom frame 301, two first bearing seats 304 are fixedly connected to the front lower part of the bottom frame 301, driven shafts 305 are installed in the two first bearing seats 304, and the two ends of the driven shaft 305 are respectively fixedly connected to a front track wheel 306, a reducer 307 is fixedly connected to the upper right rear side of the bottom frame 301, and the output shaft of the reducer 307 is fixedly connected to a driving sprocket 308, and the driving sprocket 308 is connected to the driven sprocket 310 on the transmission shaft 309 through a chain drive. The transmission shaft 309 is supported by two second bearing seats 311 fixedly connected to the lower rear side of the chassis 301. The two ends of the transmission shaft 309 are respectively fixedly connected to a rear track wheel 312. Four lifting rings 313 are fixedly connected to both sides of the chassis 301. A hydraulic pump station 314 is fixedly connected to the upper left rear side of the chassis 301. The quick-release coupler assembly 4 includes a fixed flange 401, a first quick-release joint 402, a second quick-release joint 403, and an extrusion coupler 404. The front end surface of the fixed flange 401 is fixedly connected to the first quick-release joint 402, and the rear end surface of the extrusion coupler 404 is provided with a second quick-release joint 403. The outer contour of the hook 404 matches the outer contour of the coupler 501 of the vehicle model to be disassembled. The first quick-release joint 402 and the second quick-release joint 403 both include a fixing seat 4031. Two arc-shaped protrusions 4032 are provided above the fixing seat 4031. The cross-sectional shape of the arc-shaped protrusion 4032 is U-shaped. Two arc-shaped openings 4033 are provided above the fixing seat 4031. Two arc-shaped slide grooves 4034 are provided inside the fixing seat 4031. The two arc-shaped protrusions 4032 of the second quick-release joint 403 are screwed into the arc-shaped slide grooves 4034 through the two arc-shaped openings 4033 of the first quick-release joint 402. ;

[0033] Working principle: When the coupler buffer needs to be disassembled, the device is hoisted to the pit track or under the vehicle that has been erected through the lifting ring 313, and the reducer 307 is started, which drives the active sprocket 308, the driven sprocket 310, the transmission shaft 309, and the rear track wheel 312 to rotate in sequence, and the device is driven to the bottom of the coupler buffer 5. The lifting cylinder 203 is extended through the hydraulic pump station 314, and the lifting cylinder 203 drives the outer scissor fork arm 201 and the inner scissor fork arm 204 to move upward, and the top support The support assembly 1 is lifted to the bottom of the coupler buffer 5, and the position is adjusted so that the buffer limit block 102 contacts the tail of the buffer 503, and the first support member 103, the second support member 104, and the third support member 105 contact the bottom of the coupler buffer 5. Then the worker removes the coupler support seat 504 and the buffer support plate 506 under the coupler buffer 5, and unscrews the bolts under the coupler tail pin 502, opens the hook tongue of the coupler 501, and the hydraulic pump station 314 drives the extrusion cylinder 108 to extend, so that the extrusion The pressing coupler 404 engages with the coupler 501 and lightly bumps against it, so that the coupler tail pin 502 loosens and falls off from the second square hole 1012. Then, the squeezing cylinder 108 continues to apply pressure to the coupler 501, so that the buffer 503 is compressed, so that a gap is generated between the front follower plate 5031 and the rear follower plate 5032 and the vehicle body 505, so that the buffer 503 is separated from the vehicle body 505. Then, the lifting cylinder 203 shortens, so that the scissor-type lifting mechanism 2 descends, driving the coupler 501 and the buffer 503 to move downward. After 03 descends to the lowest position, the extrusion cylinder 108 releases the pressure, and the reducer 307 reverses to drive the device out of the work station, thereby completing the overall disassembly of the coupler buffer 5; the device can replace the extruded coupler 404 through the quick-release joint to adapt to different types of coupler buffers. When replacement is required, the two arc-shaped protrusions 4032 of the second quick-release joint 403 can be screwed into the arc-shaped slide groove 4034 through the two arc-shaped openings 4033 of the first quick-release joint 402, thereby completing the rapid replacement of the extruded coupler 404.

[0034] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An auxiliary disassembly device for a railway freight car coupler buffer, characterized in that: The device comprises a bottom drive assembly (3), the bottom drive assembly (3) being connected to a top support assembly (1) via a scissor-type lifting mechanism (2), and the top support assembly (1) being provided with a quick-release hook assembly (4); The top support assembly (1) comprises a top plate (101), the upper end of the top plate (101) being fixedly connected with a buffer stop block (102), a first support member (103), a second support member (104), a third support member (105), a fourth support member (106), and a cylinder fixing seat (107) in sequence from front to back, the cylinder fixing seat (107) being fixedly connected with an extrusion cylinder (108), the bottom front of the top plate (101) being fixedly connected with two groups of upper hinge seats (109), and the bottom rear of the top plate (101) being fixedly connected with two U-shaped upper roller tracks (110); The quick-release coupler assembly (4) comprises a fixed flange (401), a first quick-release joint (402), a second quick-release joint (403), and an extruded coupler (404); the front end surface of the fixed flange (401) is fixedly connected to the first quick-release joint (402); the rear end surface of the extruded coupler (404) is provided with the second quick-release joint (403); the outer contour of the extruded coupler (404) matches the outer contour of the coupler (501) of the vehicle model to be disassembled; the first quick-release joint (402) and the second quick-release joint (403) are both The fixing seat (4031) comprises two arc-shaped protrusions (4032) on the upper side of the fixing seat (4031), the cross-sectional shape of the arc-shaped protrusion (4032) is U-shaped, two arc-shaped openings (4033) are provided on the upper side of the fixing seat (4031), two arc-shaped sliding grooves (4034) are provided inside the fixing seat (4031), and the two arc-shaped protrusions (4032) of the second quick-release joint (403) are screwed into the arc-shaped sliding grooves (4034) through the two arc-shaped openings (4033) of the first quick-release joint (402); When the coupler buffer needs to be removed, the device is hoisted to the pit track or below the vehicle that has been erected through the hoisting ring (313), the reducer (307) is started, and the driving sprocket (308), the driven sprocket (310), the transmission shaft (309), and the rear track wheel (312) are driven to rotate in sequence, and the device is moved to the bottom of the coupler buffer (5), and the lifting cylinder (203) is driven to extend through the hydraulic pump station (314), and the lifting cylinder (203) drives the outer scissor fork arm (201) and the inner scissor fork arm (204) to move upward, so that the top support assembly (1) is moved upward. The worker then lifts the vehicle to the bottom of the coupler buffer (5), adjusts the position so that the buffer stopper (102) contacts the rear end of the buffer (503), and makes the first support member (103), the second support member (104), and the third support member (105) contact the bottom of the coupler buffer (5). Then, the worker removes the coupler support seat (504) and the buffer support plate (506) below the coupler buffer (5), unscrews the bolts below the coupler tail pin (502), opens the coupler tongue of the coupler (501), and the hydraulic pump station (314) drives the extrusion cylinder (108) to extend, so that the extrusion The hook (404) engages with the hook (501) and bumps against it slightly, thereby loosening the hook tail pin (502) and causing it to fall out of the second square hole (1012). Then, the squeezing cylinder (108) continues to apply pressure to the hook (501), so that the buffer (503) is compressed, thereby creating a gap between the front follower plate (5031) and the rear follower plate (5032) and the vehicle body (505), thereby separating the buffer (503) from the vehicle body (505). Then, the lifting cylinder (203) shortens, causing the scissor-type lifting mechanism (2) to descend, driving the hook (501) and the buffer (503). After the impactor (503) descends to the lowest position, the extrusion cylinder (108) releases the pressure, and the reducer (307) reverses to drive the device out of the workstation, thereby completing the overall disassembly of the coupler buffer (5); the device can replace the extrusion coupler (404) through a quick-release joint to adapt to different types of coupler buffers. When replacement is required, the two arc-shaped protrusions (4032) of the second quick-release joint (403) can be screwed into the arc-shaped slide groove (4034) through the two arc-shaped openings (4033) of the first quick-release joint (402), thereby completing the quick replacement of the extrusion coupler (404).

2. The auxiliary disassembly device for a railway freight car coupler buffer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scissor-type lifting mechanism (2) mainly comprises an outer scissor arm (201), an inner scissor arm (204) and a lifting cylinder (203); the outer scissor arm (201) and the inner scissor arm (204) are both four-bar frame structures, and the middle parts of the two are hinged to form a scissor-type through a rotating shaft; the upper part of the outer scissor arm (201) is hinged to the upper hinge seat (109), and the lower sides of the outer scissor arm (201) are rotatably connected to lower rollers (202), and the lower rollers (202) are connected to the lower hinge seat (109). 2) rolling in the lower roller track (303), a lifting cylinder (203) is hinged on the bottom cross bar of the outer scissor arm (201), the front end of the lifting cylinder (203) is hinged to the inner scissor arm (204), the lower part of the inner scissor arm (204) is hinged to a lower hinge seat (302), the upper inner side of the inner scissor arm (204) is rotatably connected to an upper roller (205), and the upper roller (205) rolls in the upper roller track (110).

3. The auxiliary disassembly device for a railway freight car coupler buffer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom drive assembly (3) comprises a bottom frame (301), the bottom frame (301) being an I-shaped frame structure as a whole, two groups of lower hinge seats (302) being fixedly connected to the front upper part of the bottom frame (301), two U-shaped lower roller tracks (303) being fixedly connected to the rear upper part of the bottom frame (301), two first bearing seats (304) being fixedly connected to the front lower part of the bottom frame (301), driven shafts (305) being installed in the two first bearing seats (304), two ends of the driven shafts (305) being fixedly connected to a front track wheel (306) respectively, and a rear upper right part of the bottom frame (301) being fixedly connected to a A reducer (307), wherein the output shaft of the reducer (307) is fixedly connected with a driving sprocket (308), and the driving sprocket (308) is connected with a driven sprocket (310) on a transmission shaft (309) through a chain drive, and the transmission shaft (309) is supported by two second bearing seats (311) fixedly connected to the lower rear side of the base frame (301), and the two ends of the transmission shaft (309) are respectively fixedly connected with a rear track wheel (312), and the two sides of the base frame (301) are fixedly connected with four lifting rings (313), and the upper left rear side of the base frame (301) is fixedly connected with a hydraulic pump station (314).

4. The auxiliary disassembly device for a railway freight car coupler buffer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top plate (101) is provided with a first square hole (1011), a second square hole (1012), and a third square hole (1013) in sequence from front to back; the buffer limit block (102) is fixed in the first square hole (1011) through a mortise and tenon structure and is welded and fixedly connected on all sides; the oil cylinder fixing seat (107) is fixed in the third square hole (1013) through a mortise and tenon structure and is welded and fixedly connected on all sides.

5. The auxiliary disassembly device for a railway freight car coupler buffer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer limit block (102) and the oil cylinder fixing seat (107) can withstand a hydraulic cylinder thrust of 40 tons, and limit plates are provided on both sides above the first support member (103), the second support member (104), and the third support member (105).

6. The auxiliary disassembly device for a railway freight car coupler buffer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end of the piston rod of the extrusion oil cylinder (108) is fixedly connected to the quick-release coupler assembly (4) via a fixing flange (401).

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