Temperature self-regulating heat insulation device for high-temperature pressure vessel nozzle

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of high temperature pressure vessel nozzle temperature self-regulating heat insulation device, including heat bridge and heat insulation layer.Heat bridge is arranged on the outer surface of the nozzle of high temperature pressure vessel and the outer surface of the pipeline connected with nozzle;Heat insulation layer is coated on the outer surface of heat bridge.The application can automatically adjust the outer surface temperature of high temperature pressure vessel nozzle according to fluid temperature by taking heat or releasing heat to the pipeline surface close to fluid temperature in steady-state operating condition and transient operating condition, reduce the temperature difference and thermal stress between inner surface and outer surface of nozzle, and does not need power supply, does not need working medium, is resistant to high temperature, has long service life, works stably, has simple structure and is easy to manufacture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat insulation technology for nozzles and pipes of high-temperature pressure vessels, and particularly to a self-regulating heat insulation device for nozzles of high-temperature pressure vessels. Background Technology

[0002] High-temperature pressure vessels with nozzle structures are widely used in industries such as nuclear power, thermal power, chemical industry, petroleum, and metallurgy. As the fluid inlet and outlet components of a pressure vessel, the nozzle effectively reduces the operating temperature of the vessel shell, thereby increasing its pressure-bearing capacity. The nozzle material is typically heat-resistant steel or a high-temperature alloy, which generally has a low thermal conductivity. When the insulation of the nozzle's outer surface is insufficient, the outer surface temperature is lower than the inner surface temperature, while the inner surface temperature is close to that of the high-temperature fluid. This creates a significant temperature gradient between the inner and outer surfaces, leading to substantial thermal stress. Furthermore, during fluid heating and cooling, the high thermal inertia of the material also creates a significant temperature gradient and thermal stress between the inner and outer surfaces of the nozzle. These conditions pose a significant threat to the nozzle's service life and the operational safety of the high-temperature pressure vessel.

[0003] Currently, the main technical measure for heat insulation of high-temperature pressure vessel nozzles is to cover the outer surface of the nozzle with insulating material. One drawback is that during steady-state fluid operation, the outer surface temperature of the nozzle remains consistently lower than the inner surface temperature, failing to eliminate temperature gradients and thermal stress. Another drawback is that during fluid heating and cooling, the temperature change on the outer surface lags behind that on the inner surface, further increasing the temperature difference and thermal stress. Other current technical measures involve applying auxiliary heating measures such as electric heating tape to the outer surface of the nozzle. One drawback is that electric heating tape has a short lifespan under high-temperature conditions, requiring frequent replacement, which is detrimental to the long-term stable operation of high-temperature pressure vessels. A second drawback is that electric heating tape is prone to short circuits, overheating, or burnout, threatening the operational safety of high-temperature pressure vessels. A third drawback is the increased complexity required by adding power supply, measurement, and control systems. A fourth drawback is that it can only heat the outer surface of the nozzle, not cool it. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, one objective of this invention is to provide a self-regulating heat insulation device for the nozzle temperature of a high-temperature pressure vessel. By taking heat from or releasing heat onto the pipe surface, which is close to the fluid temperature, the device can automatically adjust the outer surface temperature of the nozzle of the high-temperature pressure vessel according to changes in fluid temperature under both steady-state and transient operating conditions. This reduces the temperature difference and thermal stress between the inner and outer surfaces of the nozzle, and the device is also resistant to high temperatures, has a long service life, operates stably, has a simple structure, and is easy to manufacture.

[0005] A high-temperature pressure vessel nozzle temperature self-regulating insulation device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0006] A thermal bridge is provided on the outer surface of the nozzle of a high-temperature pressure vessel and on the outer surface of the pipe connected to the nozzle.

[0007] An insulation layer that covers the outer surface of the thermal bridge.

[0008] The high-temperature pressure vessel nozzle temperature self-regulating insulation device of the present invention, by taking heat from or releasing heat to the pipe surface at a temperature close to that of the fluid, can automatically adjust the outer surface temperature of the nozzle of the high-temperature pressure vessel according to the fluid temperature under both steady-state and transient operating conditions, thereby reducing the temperature difference and thermal stress between the inner and outer surfaces of the nozzle. Furthermore, the high-temperature pressure vessel nozzle temperature self-regulating insulation device of the present invention requires no power supply or working medium, is resistant to high temperatures, has a long service life, operates stably, has a simple structure, and is easy to manufacture.

[0009] In some embodiments, the thermal bridge includes a temperature sensing section, a connecting section, and a temperature control section connected in sequence, wherein the temperature sensing section is tightly fitted and fixed to the outer surface of the pipe, and the temperature control section is tightly fitted and fixed to the outer surface of the nozzle.

[0010] In some embodiments, the temperature sensing section, the connecting section, and the temperature control section are a continuous integral in the axial direction, or are connected by welding or bolts.

[0011] In some embodiments, the thermal bridge is divided into several independently machined blocks in the circumferential direction.

[0012] In some embodiments, the thermal bridge is an axisymmetric structure, and the axis of symmetry of the thermal bridge is the axis of the pipe and the nozzle.

[0013] In some embodiments, the thermal bridge is made of a material with high thermal conductivity.

[0014] In some embodiments, the materials of the temperature sensing section, the connecting section, and the temperature control section may be the same or different.

[0015] In some embodiments, the thickness of the thermal bridge is not less than the wall thickness of the pipe.

[0016] In some embodiments, the device further includes a first fastening band and a second fastening band; the first fastening band is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the temperature sensing section to tightly fix the temperature sensing section to the outer surface of the pipe; the second fastening band is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the temperature controlling section to tightly fix the temperature controlling section to the outer surface of the nozzle.

[0017] In some embodiments, the insulation layer is made of a high-temperature resistant insulation material.

[0018] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a side sectional view of a high-temperature pressure vessel nozzle temperature self-regulating heat insulation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Sectional view at point AA;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the orientation of the first fastening band in the high-temperature pressure vessel nozzle temperature self-regulating insulation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another orientation of the first fastening band in the high-temperature pressure vessel nozzle temperature self-regulating insulation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure label:

[0025] Thermal bridge 10; temperature sensing section 11; connecting section 12; temperature control section 13; insulation layer 20; first fastening band 31; second fastening band 32; nozzle 40; pipe 50; high temperature pressure vessel 60. Detailed Implementation

[0026] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0027] The following is combined Figures 1 to 4 This invention describes a high-temperature pressure vessel nozzle temperature self-regulating insulation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the high-temperature pressure vessel nozzle temperature self-regulating insulation device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a thermal bridge 10 and an insulation layer 20.

[0029] Specifically, the thermal bridge 10 is disposed on the outer surface of the nozzle 40 of the high-temperature pressure vessel 60 and the outer surface of the pipe 50 connected to the nozzle 40, thus forming a highly efficient heat transfer channel between the nozzle 40 and the pipe 50. The wall thickness of the pipe 50 is much smaller than that of the nozzle 40, therefore the temperature of the pipe 50 is closer to the fluid temperature. Under steady-state operation, i.e., when the fluid temperature and flow rate remain stable, the temperature of pipe 50 is high and the temperature of nozzle 40 is low. The thermal bridge 10 absorbs heat from pipe 50 and transfers it to the outer surface of nozzle 40, thus increasing the outer surface temperature of nozzle 40. Under fluid heating conditions, the temperature of pipe 50 increases, and the thermal bridge 10 absorbs heat from pipe 50 and transfers it to the outer surface of nozzle 40. Furthermore, the heat transfer power of the thermal bridge 10 to the outer surface of nozzle 40 increases, further increasing the outer surface temperature of nozzle 40. Under fluid cooling conditions, the temperature of pipe 50 is low and the temperature of nozzle 40 is high. The thermal bridge 10 absorbs heat from nozzle 40 and transfers it to pipe 50, thus reducing the outer surface temperature of nozzle 40. Therefore, the high-temperature pressure vessel nozzle temperature self-regulating insulation device of this embodiment can reduce the temperature difference and thermal stress between the inner and outer surfaces of nozzle 40 under both steady-state and transient conditions.

[0030] The insulation layer 20 is wrapped around the outer surface of the thermal bridge 10. In other words, after the thermal bridge 10 is installed, the exposed surface of the thermal bridge 10 is tightly covered by the insulation layer 20. The insulation layer 20 is used to reduce the heat dissipation of the thermal bridge 10 to the external environment, which is conducive to the efficient heat transfer of the thermal bridge 10.

[0031] The high-temperature pressure vessel nozzle temperature self-regulating insulation device of the present invention, by taking heat from or releasing heat to the pipe surface close to the fluid temperature, can automatically adjust the outer surface temperature of the nozzle 40 of the high-temperature pressure vessel 60 according to the fluid temperature under both steady-state and transient operating conditions, thereby reducing the temperature difference and thermal stress between the inner and outer surfaces of the nozzle 40. Furthermore, the high-temperature pressure vessel nozzle temperature self-regulating insulation device of the present invention requires no power supply or working medium, is resistant to high temperatures, has a long service life, operates stably, has a simple structure, and is easy to manufacture.

[0032] In some embodiments, the thermal bridge 10 includes a temperature sensing section 11, a connecting section 12, and a temperature control section 13 connected in sequence. The temperature sensing section 11 is tightly fixed to the outer surface of the pipe 50 to sense changes in fluid temperature. The temperature control section 13 is tightly fixed to the outer surface of the nozzle 40 to control the outer surface temperature of the nozzle 40. The connecting section 12 is connected to the temperature sensing section 11 and the temperature control section 13 to conduct heat. When the fluid temperature inside pipe 50 remains stable or rises, the thermal bridge 10 absorbs heat from pipe 50 through the sensing section 11, conducts the heat absorbed from the sensing section 11 to the temperature control section 13 through the connecting section 12, and releases heat to the outer surface of nozzle 40 through the temperature control section 13. This reduces the temperature difference and thermal stress between the inner and outer surfaces of nozzle 40. When the fluid temperature inside pipe 50 decreases, the thermal bridge 10 absorbs heat from nozzle 40 through the temperature control section 13, conducts the heat absorbed from the temperature control section 13 to the sensing section 11 through the connecting section 12, and releases heat to pipe 50 through the sensing section 11. This again reduces the temperature difference and thermal stress between the inner and outer surfaces of nozzle 40. Therefore, by setting the thermal bridge 10, the outer surface temperature of nozzle 40 can be automatically adjusted according to the fluid temperature, reducing the temperature difference and thermal stress between the inner and outer surfaces of nozzle 40. Furthermore, it requires no power supply or working medium, is high-temperature resistant, has a long service life, operates stably, has a simple structure, and is easy to manufacture.

[0033] It should be noted that the connecting section 12 may or may not contact the pipe 50 and / or the nozzle 40. For example, Figure 1 The diagram shows that the connecting section 12 does not contact the pipe 50 or the nozzle 40.

[0034] In some embodiments, the temperature sensing section 11, the connecting section 12, and the temperature controlling section 13 are a continuous integral unit in the axial direction, that is, the temperature sensing section 11, the connecting section 12, and the temperature controlling section 13 form an integrally formed thermal bridge 10 without additional assembly or connection; or the temperature sensing section 11, the connecting section 12, and the temperature controlling section 13 are connected by welding or bolts. For example, the temperature sensing section 11, the connecting section 12, and the temperature controlling section 13 can each be an integral unit in the circumferential direction, and are fixedly connected by welding or bolts to form the thermal bridge 10. If the temperature sensing section 11, the connecting section 12, and the temperature controlling section 13 are connected by welding or bolts, the contact surfaces should be tightly fitted to reduce contact thermal resistance. The temperature sensing section 11, the connecting section 12, and the temperature controlling section 13 can also be formed by assembling several blocks of the same material and shape in the circumferential direction, such as... Figure 2 The temperature control section 13 shown is composed of six identical blocks assembled in the circumferential direction.

[0035] In some embodiments, the thermal bridge 10 is divided into several independently machined blocks in the circumferential direction.

[0036] In some embodiments, the thermal bridge 10 has an axisymmetric structure, with the axis of symmetry of the thermal bridge 10 being the axis of the pipe 50 and the nozzle 40. The structure is simple and easy to manufacture.

[0037] In some embodiments, the thermal bridge 10 is made of a material with high thermal conductivity, which enables the thermal bridge 10 to transfer heat efficiently.

[0038] In some embodiments, the materials of the temperature sensing section 11, the connecting section 12, and the temperature control section 13 may be the same or different. Specifically, the materials can be selected according to actual needs; for example, the temperature sensing section 11, the connecting section 12, and the temperature control section 13 may all be made of copper or all of them may be made of aluminum; or the temperature sensing section 11 may be made of copper, while the connecting section 12 and the temperature control section 13 may both be made of aluminum.

[0039] In some embodiments, the thermal bridge 10 is made of copper and / or aluminum, which has high thermal conductivity, long service life, and stable operation. It should be noted that the thermal bridge 10 can also be a heat pipe.

[0040] In some embodiments, the thickness of the thermal bridge 10 is not less than the wall thickness of the pipe 50. In this way, the thermal resistance of the thermal bridge 10 is small, the heat transfer is large, and the outer surface temperature of the nozzle 40 can be higher.

[0041] In some embodiments, the device further includes a first fastening band 31 and a second fastening band 32; the first fastening band 31 is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the temperature sensing section 11, and the temperature sensing section 11 is tightly and securely fixed to the outer surface of the pipe 50; the second fastening band 32 is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the temperature control section 13, and the temperature control section 13 is tightly and securely fixed to the outer surface of the nozzle 40.

[0042] In some embodiments, the insulation layer 20 is made of a high-temperature resistant insulation material with a long service life. The insulation layer 20 can be an aerosol, a zirconium fiber blanket, an aluminosilicate cotton needle-punched blanket, or other high-temperature resistant insulation materials.

[0043] In some embodiments, the insulation layer 20 has an axisymmetric structure, with the axis of symmetry of the insulation layer 20 being the axis of the pipe 50 and the nozzle 40. The structure is simple and easy to manufacture.

[0044] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0045] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high temperature pressure vessel nozzle temperature self-regulating insulation device, characterized by, The application relates to a heat bridge for a high-temperature pressure vessel, comprising: a heat bridge arranged on the outer surface of a pipe nozzle of a high-temperature pressure vessel and the outer surface of a pipe connected with the pipe nozzle; and an insulating layer wrapped on the outer surface of the heat bridge; the heat bridge comprises a temperature-sensing section, a connecting section and a temperature-controlling section connected in sequence, wherein the temperature-sensing section is fixed on the outer surface of the pipe in close contact, and the temperature-controlling section is fixed on the outer surface of the pipe nozzle in close contact; the heat bridge is divided into several independent pieces in the circumferential direction and the pieces are tightly combined; the application further comprises a first fastening belt and a second fastening belt; the first fastening belt is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the temperature-sensing section to fix the temperature-sensing section on the outer surface of the pipe in close contact; and the second fastening belt is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the temperature-controlling section to fix the temperature-controlling section on the outer surface of the pipe nozzle in close contact; the temperature-sensing section, the connecting section and the temperature-controlling section are a continuous whole in the axial direction or are connected through welding or bolts; the heat bridge is an axisymmetric structure, and the symmetry axis of the heat bridge is the axis of the pipe and the pipe nozzle; the heat bridge is made of a material with high thermal conductivity; the material of the temperature-sensing section, the material of the connecting section and the material of the temperature-controlling section are the same or different; the thickness of the heat bridge is not less than the wall thickness of the pipe; the insulating layer is made of a high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating material. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2. The high temperature pressure vessel nozzle temperature self-regulating insulation apparatus of claim 1, wherein, ​ 3. The high temperature pressure vessel nozzle temperature self-regulating insulation apparatus of claim 1, wherein, ​ 4. The high temperature pressure vessel nozzle temperature self-regulating insulation apparatus of claim 1, wherein, ​ 5. The high temperature pressure vessel nozzle temperature self-regulating insulation apparatus of claim 3, wherein, ​ 6. The high temperature pressure vessel nozzle temperature self-regulating insulation apparatus of any of claims 1-5, wherein, ​ 7. The high temperature pressure vessel nozzle temperature self-regulating insulation apparatus of any of claims 1-5, wherein, ​

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