A breeding method for early-maturing and high-yield hybrid cotton

Abstract

The invention discloses a breeding method for early-maturing and high-yield hybrid cotton. The breeding method comprises the following steps: hybridizing Xinlu Zao 9 as a male parent and Jimian 169 as a female parent to obtain hybrid offspring; screening the hybrid offspring F2 in a natural seriously diseased land to obtain a number of disease-resistant individual plants, and then screening through southern breeding and northern breeding to obtain a high-generation cotton line, which is recorded as 110-61k; hybridizing Xinlu Zao 33 as a female parent and 110-61k as a male parent to obtain an F1 generation, that is, the early-maturing and high-yield hybrid cotton; the new cotton variety obtained by the breeding method of the invention has a higher number of fruit branches, a higher number of bolls and a higher yield, and at the same time, the growth period of the new variety is shorter, so the new variety is suitable for planting in Xinjiang, where the frost-free period is shorter, and at the same time, the cotton yield is higher, which is beneficial to increasing the income of cotton farmers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cotton breeding, and in particular to a breeding method for early-maturing and high-yield hybrid cotton. Background Art

[0002] Cotton is an important cash crop, and Xinjiang is China's largest high-quality cotton producing area. For more than 20 years, Xinjiang's cotton planting area and output have ranked first among all provinces and regions in the country. The northern Xinjiang cotton-growing area is the main production area of ​​high-quality cotton. The region has abundant sunshine, low altitude, and high summer temperatures, but there are problems such as insufficient effective accumulated temperature (about 3600℃) and a short frost-free period (about 180 days). The region requires the growth period of the promoted cotton varieties to be about 120 days. In recent years, the large-scale promotion of machine-picked cotton has made the growth period requirements of cotton more stringent, so the cotton varieties promoted in the northern Xinjiang region are mostly self-bred early-maturing upland cotton.

[0003] It is crucial to aggregate cotton varieties with multiple excellent traits and provide production applications for the increase of cotton production and the long-term development of the industry. Conventional breeding methods mainly include selective breeding, sexual hybrid breeding, hybrid vigor breeding and mutagenesis breeding. At present, many new cotton varieties have been cultivated and applied to production, but with the continuous improvement of cotton production levels, the problem of few breakthrough and excellent varieties has become obvious. In recent years, the varieties selected have been hovering in yield, poor stability, poor disease resistance, and unstable cotton production benefits, which have affected farmers' enthusiasm for cotton planting. Using the hybrid vigor of cotton can simultaneously increase cotton yield, improve fiber quality, and enhance resistance. Hybrid cotton is easier to aggregate high yield, multi-resistance, and high quality into one variety than conventional cotton. Its promotion and application can further enable the Xinjiang cotton area to move forward.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a breeding method for early-maturing and high-yield hybrid cotton. The cotton varieties obtained by the breeding method have excellent traits such as early maturity and high yield, and can be adapted to planting in areas with a short frost-free period, while increasing the income of cotton farmers.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, the following technical solutions are particularly adopted:

[0007] The present invention provides a breeding method for early-maturing and high-yield hybrid cotton, which comprises the following steps:

[0008] (a) hybridizing Xinluzao 9 as the male parent and Jimian 169 as the female parent to obtain hybrid offspring;

[0009] (b) Screening the hybrid offspring F2 in a natural severely diseased field to obtain a number of disease-resistant plants, and then screening them through southern breeding and northern breeding to obtain a high-generation cotton line, which is recorded as 110-61k;

[0010] (c) hybridizing Xinluzao 33 as the female parent and 110-61k as the male parent to obtain the F1 generation, namely the early-maturing and high-yield hybrid cotton.

[0011] Preferably, the hybridization comprises collecting pollen from the male parent and then pollinating the emasculated female parent.

[0012] Preferably, the natural seriously diseased land is a Verticillium wilt land.

[0013] Preferably, in step (b), the southern breeding and northern breeding screening comprises:

[0014] Several disease-resistant plants were subjected to plant-to-row comparison tests to select early-maturing and high-quality plants. They were propagated for generations at the Hainan base to accelerate homozygosity, and several strains were obtained after 3 to 8 generations of self-pollination. The best strains were then selected through strain comparison tests.

[0015] Preferably, the screening of high-quality individual plants is screening of individual plants that are early-maturing, high-quality, and have strong boll-setting ability.

[0016] In the present invention, early maturity means a growth period of ≤120 days; disease resistance means resistance to wilt and yellow wilt; high quality means a fiber length of ≥29 mm, a fiber specific strength of ≥30 cN / tex, and a micronaire value of B grade or above; strong boll-setting ability means more than 6 effective bolls per plant; disease resistance means resistance to wilt and yellow wilt.

[0017] Preferably, the screening of the best strains is screening of early-maturing, high-quality and high-yielding strains.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include at least:

[0019] The new cotton variety obtained by the breeding method of the present invention has a higher number of fruit branches, number of bolls and yield. At the same time, the growth period of the new variety is short, specifically 112 days. Therefore, the new variety obtained by the breeding method of the present application is suitable for planting in the Xinjiang region with a short frost-free period. At the same time, the cotton yield is high, which increases the income of cotton farmers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention are described in detail in conjunction with the embodiments. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and are therefore only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0021] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the technical terms or scientific terms used in this application should have the common meanings understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0022] The embodiment of the present invention provides a breeding method for early-maturing and high-yield hybrid cotton, and the breeding method for early-maturing and high-yield hybrid cotton comprises the following steps:

[0023] (a) hybridizing Xixinluzao 9 as the male parent and Jimian 169 as the female parent to obtain hybrid offspring;

[0024] (b) Screening the hybrid offspring F2 in a natural severely diseased field to obtain a number of disease-resistant plants, and then screening them through southern breeding and northern breeding to obtain a high-generation cotton line, which is recorded as 110-61k;

[0025] (c) hybridizing Xinluzao 33 as the female parent and 110-61k as the male parent to obtain the F1 generation, namely the early-maturing and high-yield hybrid cotton.

[0026] The new cotton variety obtained by the breeding method of the present invention has a higher number of fruit branches, number of bolls and yield. At the same time, the growth period of the new variety is short, specifically 112 days. Therefore, the new variety obtained by the breeding method of the present application is suitable for planting in the Xinjiang region with a short frost-free period. At the same time, the cotton yield is high, which increases the income of cotton farmers.

[0027] In one embodiment, the hybridization comprises collecting pollen from the male parent and then pollinating the emasculated female parent.

[0028] In the present invention, the specific disease type of the natural seriously diseased land is not strictly limited and can be selected according to actual needs. In one embodiment, the natural seriously diseased land can be a land with Verticillium wilt.

[0029] The present invention does not impose strict restrictions on the specific process of southern propagation and northern breeding, and those skilled in the art can make routine selections according to actual needs. Preferably, in one embodiment, in the step (b), the southern propagation and northern breeding screening may include:

[0030] Several disease-resistant plants were subjected to plant-to-row comparison tests to select early-maturing and high-quality plants. The plants were then propagated further in the Hainan base to accelerate homozygosity. After 3 to 8 generations of self-pollination, several strains were obtained, which were then subjected to strain comparison tests to select the best strain.

[0031] In one embodiment, the screening of high-quality individual plants is screening of individual plants that are early-maturing, high-quality, and have strong boll-setting ability.

[0032] In the present invention, early maturity means a growth period of ≤120 days; disease resistance means resistance to wilt and yellow wilt; high quality means a fiber length of ≥29 mm, a fiber specific strength of ≥30 cN / tex, and a micronaire value of grade B or above; and strong boll-setting ability means more than 6 effective bolls per plant.

[0033] In one embodiment, the screening of the best strains is screening of early-maturing, high-quality, and high-yielding strains.

[0034] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through specific embodiments.

[0035] The natural seriously diseased land used in the following examples and comparative examples is all natural Verticillium wilt land;

[0036] Early maturity means that the growing period is ≤120 days; disease resistance means resistance to wilt and yellow wilt; high quality means fiber length ≥29mm, fiber specific strength ≥30cN / tex, and micronaire value above grade B; strong boll-setting ability means more than 6 effective bolls per plant.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] This embodiment is a breeding method for early-maturing and high-yield hybrid cotton, and the breeding method for early-maturing and high-yield hybrid cotton comprises the following steps:

[0039] (a) hybridizing Xinluzao 9 as the male parent and Jimian 169 as the female parent to obtain hybrid offspring, wherein the hybridization includes collecting pollen from the male parent to pollinate the emasculated female parent;

[0040] (b) Screening the hybrid offspring F2 in a natural seriously diseased field to obtain a number of disease-resistant plants, and then conducting a plant-row comparison test on the disease-resistant plants to select early-maturing, high-quality, and strong boll-setting plants, and continuing Hainan multi-generation reproduction, and obtaining a number of strains after 3 to 8 generations of self-pollination, and then conducting a strain comparison test to select the best strains of early maturing, high-quality, and high-yield, and obtain a high-generation cotton strain, which is recorded as 110-61k;

[0041] (c) hybridizing Xinluzao 33 as the female parent and 110-61k as the male parent to obtain the F1 generation, namely the early-maturing and high-yield hybrid cotton.

[0042] Comparative Example 1

[0043] This comparative example is a breeding method for early-maturing and high-yield hybrid cotton, and the breeding method for early-maturing and high-yield hybrid cotton comprises the following steps:

[0044] (a) hybridizing Jinmian 18 as the male parent and Xinluzao 13 as the female parent to obtain hybrid offspring, wherein the hybridization includes collecting pollen from the male parent to pollinate the emasculated female parent;

[0045] (b) screening the hybrid offspring F2 in a natural seriously diseased field to obtain a number of disease-resistant plants, and then conducting a plant-row comparison test on the disease-resistant plants to select early-maturing, high-quality, and strong boll-setting plants, and continuing to multiply the plants, and after 3 to 8 generations of self-pollination, obtaining a number of strains, and then conducting a strain comparison test to select the best early-maturing, high-quality, and high-yield strains, and obtain a high-generation cotton strain, which is recorded as Jinhui No. 2;

[0046] (c) hybridizing Xinluzao 33 as the female parent and Jinhui 2 as the male parent to obtain the F1 generation, namely the early-maturing and high-yield hybrid cotton.

[0047] Comparative Example 2

[0048] This comparative example is a breeding method for early-maturing and high-yield hybrid cotton, and the breeding method for early-maturing and high-yield hybrid cotton comprises the following steps:

[0049] (a) hybridizing Xinluzao No. 22 as the male parent and Liaomian No. 12 as the female parent to obtain hybrid offspring, wherein the hybridization includes collecting pollen from the male parent to pollinate the emasculated female parent;

[0050] (b) screening the hybrid offspring F2 in a natural seriously diseased field to obtain a number of disease-resistant plants, and then conducting a plant-row comparison test on the disease-resistant plants to select early-maturing, high-quality, and boll-setting plants, and continuing to multiply the plants, and after 3 to 8 generations of self-pollination, obtaining a number of strains, and then conducting a strain comparison test to select the best early-maturing, high-quality, and high-yield strains, and obtain a high-generation cotton strain, which is recorded as 111-43-50;

[0051] (c) hybridizing Xinluzao 33 as the female parent and 111-43-50 as the male parent to obtain the F1 generation, namely the early-maturing and high-yield hybrid cotton.

[0052] Comparative Example 3

[0053] This comparative example is a breeding method for early-maturing and high-yield hybrid cotton, and the breeding method for early-maturing and high-yield hybrid cotton comprises the following steps:

[0054] (a) hybridizing Xinluzao 32 as the male parent and Liaomian 19 as the female parent to obtain hybrid offspring, wherein the hybridization includes collecting pollen from the male parent to pollinate the emasculated female parent;

[0055] (b) Screening the hybrid offspring F2 in a natural seriously diseased field to obtain a number of disease-resistant plants, and then conducting a plant-row comparison test on the disease-resistant plants to select early-maturing, high-quality, and boll-setting plants, and continuing to multiply the plants, and after 3 to 8 generations of self-pollination, obtaining a number of strains, and then conducting a strain comparison test to select the best strains for early maturing, high quality, and high yield, and obtain a high-generation cotton strain, which is recorded as 115-23;

[0056] (c) hybridizing Xinluzao 33 as the female parent and 115-23 as the male parent to obtain the F1 generation, namely the early-maturing and high-yield hybrid cotton.

[0057] Comparative Example 4

[0058] This comparative example is a breeding method for early-maturing and high-yield hybrid cotton, and the breeding method for early-maturing and high-yield hybrid cotton comprises the following steps:

[0059] (a) hybridizing Xinluzao 22 as the male parent and Shiyuan 345 as the female parent to obtain hybrid offspring, wherein the hybridization includes collecting pollen from the male parent to pollinate the emasculated female parent;

[0060] (b) screening the hybrid offspring F2 in a natural seriously diseased field to obtain a number of disease-resistant plants, and then conducting a plant-row comparison test on the disease-resistant plants to select early-maturing, high-quality, and boll-setting plants, and continuing to multiply the plants, and after 3 to 8 generations of self-pollination, obtaining a number of strains, and then conducting a strain comparison test to select the best early-maturing, high-quality, and high-yield strains, and obtain high-generation cotton strains, which are recorded as 1-13;

[0061] (c) hybridizing Xinluzao 33 as the female parent and 1-13 as the male parent to obtain the F1 generation, namely the early-maturing and high-yield hybrid cotton.

[0062] Experimental example

[0063] A comparative test was conducted on the hybrid cotton lines obtained in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 respectively;

[0064] Test method:

[0065] 1. Test materials: hybrid cotton strains obtained in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4, and control variety Xinluzao 44;

[0066] 2. Experimental Design

[0067] Randomized block arrangement, 3 replicates, row length 5m, row spacing 30+60cm, 4 rows, plot area 8.5m 2 , plant spacing 12cm, density 12000 plants / mu, the experimental varieties (species) were planted in the experimental field of the hospital.

[0068] 3. Observation records

[0069] During the experiment, the growth period and main agronomic traits of the test varieties (species) were observed and recorded, and the growth process, agronomic traits, yield, etc. were analyzed based on the test results.

[0070] 4. Basic situation and cultivation management of the experimental site:

[0071] The same as regular cotton products.

[0072] 5. Test results

[0073] The test results were tested and counted from the perspectives of growth period, agronomic traits, quality, and yield. See Tables 1 to 4 for details.

[0074] Table 1 Growth process and growth period of experimental strains (species)

[0075]

[0076] Table 2 Agronomic traits of experimental lines (species)

[0077]

[0078] Table 3 Indoor testing and quality analysis results of the tested strains (species)

[0079]

[0080] Table 4 Yield analysis of tested strains (species)

[0081]

[0082]

[0083] From Tables 1 to 4, we can see that:

[0084] The new cotton variety obtained by the breeding method of the present application has a shorter growth and development period and a higher boll number, and at the same time significantly increases the cotton yield.

[0085] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for breeding early-maturing and high-yield hybrid cotton, characterized in that: The steps include: (a) hybridizing Xinluzao 9 as the male parent and Jimian 169 as the female parent to obtain hybrid offspring; (b) Screening the hybrid offspring F2 in a natural severely diseased field to obtain a number of disease-resistant plants, and then screening them through southern breeding and northern breeding to obtain a high-generation cotton line, which is recorded as 110-61k; (c) hybridizing Xinluzao 33 as the female parent and 110-61k as the male parent to obtain the F1 generation, namely the early-maturing and high-yield hybrid cotton; The hybridization includes collecting pollen from the male parent and then pollinating the emasculated female parent; In the step (b), the screening of southern breeding and northern breeding includes: Several disease-resistant plants were subjected to plant-row comparison tests to select early-maturing and high-quality plants. They were propagated at the Hainan base and several strains were obtained after 3 to 8 generations of self-pollination. The best strains were then selected through strain comparison tests.

2. The breeding method for early-maturing and high-yield hybrid cotton according to claim 1, characterized in that: The natural seriously diseased land is a Verticillium wilt land.

3. The breeding method for early-maturing and high-yield hybrid cotton according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening of early-maturing and high-quality individual plants is to screen individual plants that are early-maturing, high-quality and have strong boll-setting ability.

4. The breeding method for early-maturing and high-yield hybrid cotton according to claim 3, characterized in that: The early maturity means the growth period is ≤120 days; the high quality means the fiber length is ≥29 mm, the fiber specific strength is ≥30 cN / tex, and the micronaire value is above grade B; and the strong boll-setting ability means the number of effective bolls per plant is more than 6.

5. The breeding method for early-maturing and high-yield hybrid cotton according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening of the best strains is to screen early-maturing, high-quality and high-yielding strains.

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