A large-caliber elbow machining clamping mechanism and system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of mechanical processing technology, and discloses a large-caliber elbow machining clamping mechanism and system, including a support table, a first fixing device, and a second fixing device. A first linear drive module is installed on the upper end of the first fixing device, and a third linear drive module is installed on the lower end. There is a second fixing device on the rotating shaft. There is a second linear drive module on the upper end of the second fixing device. There is a first sliding clamp on the first linear drive module for fixing the workpiece at one end. There is a second sliding clamp on the second linear drive module for fixing the other end. The elbow machining clamping mechanism can handle elbows with non-standard angles, and quickly clamp the elbows by adjusting the sliding clamp without the need for a specific clamp. In addition, through the light beam emitter and the camera structure, the horizontal angle of the elbow to be processed can be accurately adjusted to improve the measurement accuracy and efficiency. The light sensor is used to preliminarily measure the horizontal state of the workpiece to ensure processing accuracy and stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical processing, and in particular to a large-caliber elbow machining clamping mechanism and system. Background Art

[0002] The clamping mechanism of elbow machining is the clamping mechanism in the equipment used for elbow machining. It is mainly used to fix and support the workpiece to ensure stability and precision during the machining process. The design and selection of the clamping mechanism of elbow machining directly affects the machining effect and quality, and plays an important role.

[0003] In view of the characteristics of the clamping mechanism for machining large-diameter elbows, patent CN201110088275.1 discloses a large-diameter elbow machining fixture that prevents clamping deformation. The fixture adopts a design of fixing three combined clamps on the clamping base plate, and the elbow is clamped and positioned by these three groups of combined clamps. The combined clamps can move on the clamping base plate through the slide groove at the bottom, thereby realizing the radial adjustment of the elbow. Once the three groups of combined clamps are adjusted in place, the fixture can fix the elbow. However, the fixture is only suitable for processing elbows with fixed angles such as 90° and 45°, and cannot be used for processing elbows with non-fixed angles. At the same time, during the processing process, if the diameter or angle of the elbow to be processed is large, the operator needs to frequently disassemble the combined clamps to adjust their diameter, curvature and position, which is cumbersome. In addition, when the diameters of the two end faces of the elbow to be processed are different, the fixture is also difficult to clamp.

[0004] On the other hand, patent CN201610936661.4 discloses an adjustable cutting plastic pipe elbow clamping system, which is used for processing plastic elbows. The clamping system includes a clamping table, an angle adjustment block and a pipe elbow chuck. By adjusting the angle adjustment block, the clamping system can set a preset processing angle. However, when clamping and positioning the processed elbow, this structure is only suitable for processing methods with low processing accuracy and cannot be used for high-precision processing. In addition, the structure cannot accurately position the circumferential and horizontal directions of the elbow, which increases the error during elbow processing.

[0005] In order to solve the problems of the above-mentioned fixtures and clamping systems, it is necessary to design a large-caliber elbow machining clamping mechanism and system. This structure can design a more flexible clamping mechanism, which can be suitable for elbows of different angles and shapes, and has the functions of precise positioning and adjustment. In addition, considering the convenience of operation, an automatically adjustable clamping system can also be developed to reduce the frequency of manual operation and improve the accuracy and efficiency of processing. Summary of the invention

[0006] (I) Technical problems to be solved: In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a large-diameter elbow machining clamping mechanism and system, which has the advantages of being able to adjust the clamping angle according to the machining angle system of the large-diameter elbow, quickly clamping elbows of different calibers, automatically leveling the workpiece, and being able to process elbows with different diameters on both end faces. It solves the problems that the clamping angle cannot be freely adjusted when clamping large-diameter elbows, the combination clamping blocks need to be frequently replaced when clamping elbows of different calibers, manual leveling is required when installing elbows, and elbows with different diameters on both end faces are difficult to clamp.

[0007] (II) Technical solution: In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of being able to adjust the clamping angle according to the processing angle system of large-diameter elbows, quickly clamp elbows of different diameters, automatically level the workpiece, and be able to process elbows with different diameters on both end faces, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] The first fixing device is used to fix one end of the workpiece, and comprises a first linear drive module, a third linear drive module, a rotating shaft, and a first sliding clamp. The first linear drive module and the third linear drive module are arranged in parallel at the upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is arranged on the support table, and the second fixing device is rotatably installed on the rotating shaft. The second fixing device is used to fix the other end of the workpiece. The second fixing device comprises a second linear drive module and a second sliding clamp. The upper end of the second fixing device is provided with a second linear drive module; the first linear drive module is slidably installed with a first sliding clamp. Clamp and fix one end of the workpiece; a second sliding clamp is slidably installed on the second linear drive module, and the second sliding clamp clamps the other end of the workpiece; wherein, when the workpiece needs to be clamped, the first sliding clamp clamps the workpiece on the support table, and then the first linear drive module drives the first sliding clamp to drive the workpiece to slide, and the second fixing device rotates at the same time, when the end face of the other end of the workpiece is coplanar with the outer end face of the second sliding clamp, the second fixing device stops rotating, and the second linear drive module drives the second sliding clamp to clamp the workpiece.

[0009] Preferably, a positioning module is slidably installed on the third linear drive module, a positioning rod is provided at the upper end of the positioning module, and the top end of the positioning rod is rotatably connected to a cross bar; a square positioning block is provided at one end of the cross bar, and four fixing rods are installed around the positioning block, and the other end of the fixing rod fixes the inner wall of the workpiece, and the fixing rod can adapt to the inner diameter of the workpiece to fix and position the workpiece in a movable manner.

[0010] Preferably, a driving motor is also installed on the top of the positioning rod, and the motor drives the cross bar to rotate; a light sensor that emits light is also fixedly installed on the rotating shaft, and the light sensor detects whether the workpiece is horizontal. When the workpiece is in a non-horizontal state, the light sent by the light sensor is blocked, triggering the light sensor; when the light sensor detects that the workpiece is in a non-horizontal state, the system controls the motor to start driving the cross bar to rotate, and the rotation of the cross bar drives the positioning block and the fixing rod to rotate at the same time, and the fixing rod drives the workpiece to rotate along the circumferential direction of its end face; when the light sensor detects that the workpiece has rotated to a horizontal state, the system controls the motor to stop driving.

[0011] Preferably, a camera device that can be extended and retracted in horizontal and vertical directions is also installed on the side of the support platform, the shooting direction of the camera device is the direction of the workpiece, the shooting range of the camera device covers the entire support platform, and the positioning block is installed with a beam emitter that can emit a light beam on the side facing the workpiece; the beam emitter emits a light beam into the inside of the workpiece, and the light beam is captured by the camera device after being reflected by the inner wall of the workpiece, and the camera device determines the position of light reflection through the captured image, and the position of light reflection determines the horizontal axis line of the end part of the workpiece on the camera device side, and the circular contour of the end part of the workpiece is processed by the camera device, and the perpendicular bisector of the end part is determined according to the circular contour, and the perpendicular bisector intersects with the horizontal axis line, that is, the axis of the end part is determined.

[0012] Preferably, the first sliding clamp includes a fixed clamp plate and a slider, the slider is connected to the first linear drive module, the upper end of the slider is connected to a fixed clamp plate, the slider adjusts the horizontal distance between the fixed clamp plates, the fixed clamp plate is a retractable structure in the vertical direction, the fixed clamp plate clamps the outer wall of the workpiece, and the surface of the fixed clamp plate in contact with the outer wall of the workpiece is made of a high friction coefficient material.

[0013] Preferably, the second sliding clamp includes a fixed clamp plate 2 and a slider 2, the slider 2 is connected to the second linear drive module, the slider 2 adjusts the horizontal distance between the fixed clamp plates 2, the upper end of the slider 2 is connected to a fixed clamp plate 2, the fixed clamp plate 2 is a retractable structure in the vertical direction, the fixed clamp plate 2 clamps the outer wall of the workpiece, and the surface of the fixed clamp plate 2 in contact with the outer wall of the workpiece uses a high friction coefficient material.

[0014] Preferably, the cross bar is provided with a through hole penetrating the cross bar, an inner rod is installed in the through hole, the inner rod is threadedly connected to the cross bar, the other end of the cross bar is connected to the positioning block, the end of the cross bar connected to the positioning block is tapered, the fixing rod is connected to the positioning block at one end and contacts with the internal cross bar, and the contact surface between the fixing rod and the positioning block is an inclined surface; the position of the conical surface of the cross bar is adjusted by axial rotation of the cross bar, thereby changing the distance between the fixing rod and the axis of the cross bar, and then fine-tuning the telescopic distance of the fixing rod, when the fixing rod clamps the inner wall of the workpiece, the cross bar cannot rotate, and the positioning block is now located at the center of the end face of the workpiece.

[0015] Preferably, the positioning rod is a telescopic structure in the vertical direction; the fixing rod is a telescopic structure; a sliding groove for limiting the rotation angle of the second fixing device is provided on the end surface of the support platform, and the sliding groove is slidably connected to one end of the second fixing device.

[0016] Based on the above second purpose, the present invention also provides a large-diameter elbow machining clamping system, comprising the large-diameter elbow machining clamping mechanism as described in any of the above items and a workpiece, wherein the workpiece is clamped on the large-diameter elbow machining clamping mechanism.

[0017] (III) Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a large-caliber elbow machining clamping mechanism and system, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. This large-diameter elbow machining clamping mechanism and system, through the cooperation of the first fixing device and the second fixing device, compared with the traditional technical structure, the first fixing device first performs preliminary clamping on one end face of the elbow, and clamps the other end face of the elbow by rotating the second fixing device. Even if the angle of the elbow is a non-standard angle, this structure can also accurately clamp the elbow.

[0019] 2. This large-diameter elbow machining clamping mechanism and system, through the coordinated use of a first sliding clamp structure and a second sliding clamp structure, achieves adjustment of the horizontal distance between the sliding clamps and the vertical distance between the fixed clamps on the sliding clamps compared to the traditional technical structure, thereby clamping the elbow without using a clamp that matches the elbow to be machined. Even if the two end faces of the elbow to be machined have different diameters, quick clamping can be achieved, eliminating the need for cumbersome clamping steps.

[0020] 3. This large-diameter elbow machining clamping mechanism and system, through the coordinated use of a beam emitter structure and a camera structure, realizes that when the elbow to be machined is installed on the clamping mechanism, the beam emitter emits a light beam into the interior of the workpiece, and the light beam is captured by the camera device after being reflected by the inner wall of the workpiece, and the axis position of the workpiece is determined by the light reflection position and the circular contour of the end of the workpiece. The system calculates whether the side end face of the camera device of the elbow of the workpiece is horizontal and adjusts it, so that after the elbow to be machined is clamped, the elbow to be machined can be quickly adjusted to a horizontal level, thereby improving work efficiency and reducing machining errors.

[0021] 4. This large-diameter elbow machining clamping mechanism and system uses a light sensor structure. Compared with the traditional technical structure, this structure uses a light sensor to detect whether the workpiece is horizontal. When the light sensor detects that the workpiece is in a non-horizontal state, the system controls the motor to start the drive cross bar to rotate. The rotation of the cross bar drives the positioning block and the fixed rod to rotate at the same time. The fixed rod drives the workpiece to rotate along the circumferential direction of its end face. When the light sensor detects that the workpiece has rotated to a horizontal state, the motor stops driving. This structure ensures the accuracy and stability of the machining process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the front side of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the rear side of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a top view of the structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the rear three-dimensional structure of the present invention when there is no workpiece clamped.

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the front three-dimensional structure of the present invention when there is no workpiece clamped;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a side view of the present invention when there is no workpiece clamped;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the first fixing device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a side view of the first fixing device of the present invention;

[0030] Fig. 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the first fixing device of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: 1-support table, 2-first fixing device, 3-second fixing device, 4-first linear drive module, 5-second linear drive module, 6-first sliding fixture, 7-second sliding fixture, 8-workpiece, 9-third linear drive module, 10-positioning rod, 11-cross bar, 12-positioning block, 13-fixed rod, 14-light sensor, 15-motor, 16-camera device, 17-light beam emitter, 18-fixed splint 1, 19-slider 1, 20-fixed splint 2, 21-slider 2, 22-inner rod, 23-sliding groove, 24-rotating shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] See also Figure 1A large-diameter elbow machining clamping mechanism and system, including a support table 1, a first fixing device 2 and a second fixing device 3, the first fixing device 2, used to fix one end of a workpiece 8, including a first linear drive module 4, a third linear drive module 9, a rotating shaft 24, and a first sliding fixture 6, the first linear drive module 4, the third linear drive module 9 are arranged in parallel at the upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft 24, the rotating shaft 24 is arranged on the support table 1, and the second fixing device 3 is rotatably installed on the rotating shaft 24, the second fixing device 3, used to fix the other end of the workpiece 8, the second fixing device 3 includes a second linear drive module 5 and a second sliding fixture 7, and the second linear drive module 5 is arranged on the upper end of the second fixing device 3; the first sliding fixture 6 is slidably installed on the first linear drive module 4, and the first sliding fixture 6 clamps and fixes one end of the workpiece 8; the second linear drive module 5 is slidably installed with the second sliding fixture 7, and the second linear drive module 5 is slidably installed with the second sliding fixture 7. The second sliding clamp 7 clamps the other end of the workpiece 8; when the workpiece 8 needs to be clamped, the first sliding clamp 6 clamps the workpiece 8 and fixes it on the support table 1, and then the first linear drive module 4 drives the first sliding clamp 6 to drive the workpiece 8 to slide, and the second fixing device 3 rotates. When the end face of the other end of the workpiece 8 is coplanar with the outer end face of the second sliding clamp 7, the second fixing device 3 stops rotating, and the second linear drive module 5 drives the second sliding clamp 7 to clamp the workpiece 8. The first sliding clamp 6 and the second sliding clamp 7 jointly clamp the workpiece 8 above the support table 1, and the movement and positioning of the fixing device are controlled by the first linear drive module 4 and the second linear drive module 5. This structure can realize accurate clamping of elbows of different angles through the coordinated use of the first fixing device 2 and the second fixing device 3, and even elbows of non-standard angles can be easily handled; please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 A positioning module is slidably mounted on the third linear drive module 9, and a positioning rod 10 is arranged on the upper end of the positioning module. The positioning rod 10 is a telescopic structure in the vertical direction, and the top end of the positioning rod 10 is rotatably connected to the cross bar 11 in the horizontal direction; a square positioning block 12 is arranged at one end of the cross bar 11, and four fixing rods 13 are installed around the positioning block 12. The fixing rods 13 are perpendicular to each other, and the fixing rods 13 are a telescopic structure. The other end of the fixing rod 13 fixes the inner wall of the workpiece 8, and the fixing rod 13 can adapt to the inner diameter of the workpiece 8 to fix and position the workpiece 8 in a movable manner; please refer to Fig. 9There is a through hole passing through the cross bar 11, and an inner rod 22 is installed in the through hole. The inner rod 22 is threadedly connected to the cross bar 11. The other end of the cross bar 11 is connected to the positioning block 12. The end of the cross bar 11 connected to the positioning block 12 is conical. The fixed rod 13 is connected to one end of the positioning block 12 and contacts the inner cross bar 11. The contact surface between the fixed rod 13 and the positioning block 12 is an inclined surface; the position of the conical surface of the cross bar 11 is adjusted by the axial rotation of the cross bar 11, thereby changing the distance between the fixed rod 13 and the axis of the cross bar 11, and then fine-tuning the telescopic distance of the fixed rod 13. When the fixed rod 13 clamps the inner wall of the workpiece 8, the cross bar 11 cannot rotate, and the positioning block 12 is located at the center of the end face of the workpiece 8. Please refer to Figure 2 A sliding groove 23 is provided on the end surface of the support platform 1 to limit the rotation angle of the second fixing device 3, and the sliding groove 23 is slidably connected to one end of the second fixing device 3.

[0034] See also Figure 4 The first sliding fixture 6 includes a fixed clamp plate 18 and a slider 19. The slider 19 is connected to the first linear drive module 4. The upper end of the slider 19 is connected to the fixed clamp plate 18. The slider 19 adjusts the horizontal distance between the fixed clamp plates 18. The fixed clamp plate 18 is a retractable structure in the vertical direction. The fixed clamp plate 18 clamps the outer wall of the workpiece 8. The surface of the fixed clamp plate 18 in contact with the outer wall of the workpiece 8 is made of a material with a high friction coefficient. The second sliding fixture 7 includes a fixed clamp plate 20 and a slider 21 The slider 21 is connected to the second linear drive module 5. The slider 21 adjusts the horizontal distance between the fixed clamps 20. The upper end of the slider 21 is connected to the fixed clamps 20. The fixed clamps 20 are retractable in the vertical direction. The fixed clamps 20 clamp the outer wall of the workpiece 8. The contact surface between the fixed clamps 20 and the outer wall of the workpiece 8 uses a high friction coefficient material. This structure can quickly clamp the elbow by adjusting the distance between the sliders and the position of the fixed clamps, without using a specific clamp for each elbow. Even if the diameters of the two ends of the elbow are different, the clamping can be completed quickly, eliminating the cumbersome clamping steps.

[0035] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5A light sensor 14 emitting light is also fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 24, and the light sensor 14 detects whether the workpiece 8 is horizontal. When the workpiece 8 is in a non-horizontal state, the light emitted by the light sensor 14 is blocked, triggering the light sensor 14; a driving motor 15 is also mounted on the top of the positioning rod 10, and the motor 15 drives the cross bar 11 to rotate; when the light sensor 14 detects that the workpiece 8 is in a non-horizontal state, the system controls the motor 15 to start driving the cross bar 11 to rotate, and the rotation of the cross bar 11 drives the positioning block 12 and the fixing rod 13 to rotate at the same time, and the fixing rod 13 drives the workpiece 8 to rotate along the circumferential direction of its end face; when the light sensor 14 detects that the workpiece 8 is horizontal, the motor 15 stops driving, thereby improving the processing efficiency and the accuracy of clamping.

[0036] See also Figure 4 and Figure 6 A camera device 16 that can be extended horizontally and vertically is also installed on the side of the support platform 1. The shooting direction of the camera device 16 is the direction of the workpiece 8. The shooting range of the camera device 16 covers the entire support platform 1. A beam emitter 17 that can emit a light beam is installed on the side of the positioning block 12 facing the workpiece 8. The light beam emitter 17 emits a light beam into the workpiece 8. The light beam is reflected by the inner wall of the workpiece and captured by the camera device 16. The camera device 16 determines the position of the light reflection through the captured image. The position of the light reflection determines the horizontal axis line of the end of the workpiece 8 on the side of the camera device 16. The circular contour of the end of the workpiece 8 is processed by the camera device 16. The perpendicular midline of the end is determined according to the circular contour. The perpendicular midline intersects with the horizontal axis line, that is, the axis of the end is determined. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the arrow direction is the light beam emitted by the light beam emitter 17; this structure can accurately measure whether the processed elbow is horizontal. The light beam is captured by the camera through the reflection of the inner wall of the workpiece, and the horizontal inclination angle of the processed workpiece 8 is calculated by the system, so that after the processed elbow is clamped, the processed elbow can be quickly adjusted to the horizontal level, which improves work efficiency and reduces processing errors.

[0037] First, adjust the height of the positioning rod 10 so that the workpiece 8 is located above the first fixing device 2, and then adjust the telescopic length of the fixing rod 13 to match the inner wall diameter of the workpiece 8 so that the fixing rod 13 contacts the inner wall of the workpiece 8, and then fine-tune the telescopic distance of the fixing rod 13 by rotating the inner rod 22. When the inside and outside cannot rotate, the fixing rod 13 clamps the workpiece 8, and then the light sensor 14 is started. The light sensor 14 detects whether the workpiece 8 is horizontal. When the workpiece 8 is in a non-horizontal state, the light sent by the light sensor 14 is blocked, triggering the light sensor 14; when the light sensor 14 detects that the workpiece 8 is in a non-horizontal state, the system controls the motor 15 to start driving the cross bar 11 to rotate, and the rotation of the cross bar 11 drives the positioning block 12 and the fixing rod 13 to rotate at the same time, and the fixing rod 13 drives the workpiece 8 to rotate along the circumferential direction of its end face; when the light sensor 14 detects that the workpiece 8 is horizontal, the motor 15 stops Drive to complete the preliminary leveling of the workpiece 8; then the light beam emitter 17 emits a light beam into the workpiece 8, and the light beam is captured by the camera device 16 through the reflection of the inner wall of the workpiece. The camera device 16 determines the position of the light reflection through the captured image and captures the light beam reflection angle. The position of the light reflection determines the axis horizontal line of the end of the workpiece 8 on the side of the camera device 16. The camera device 16 then processes the image to obtain a circular contour of the end of the workpiece 8, and determines the midline of the end according to the circular contour. The midline intersects with the axis horizontal line, that is, the axis of the end is determined, and the axis position is used to determine whether the workpiece 8 is horizontal, and the workpiece 8 is fine-tuned to be completely horizontal; when the system calculation is completed, the workpiece 8 is fine-tuned to be placed horizontally, and the rotation angle of the second fixed structure is adjusted to the angle at which the workpiece 8 needs to be processed in combination with the parameters that need to be processed for the workpiece 8, and then the second sliding clamp 7 is adjusted by the system to clamp the workpiece 8 to complete the clamping of the workpiece 8.

[0038] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0039] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A large-caliber elbow machining clamping mechanism, comprising a support platform (1), a first fixing device (2) and a second fixing device (3), wherein the first fixing device (2) is fixedly mounted on one end of the support platform (1), characterized in that: The first fixing device (2) is used to fix one end of the workpiece (8), and comprises a first linear drive module (4), a third linear drive module (9), a rotating shaft (24), and a first sliding fixture (6). The first linear drive module (4) and the third linear drive module (9) are arranged in parallel at the upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft (24); the rotating shaft (24) is arranged on the support platform (1); and the second fixing device (3) is rotatably mounted on the rotating shaft (24). A second fixing device (3) is used to fix the other end of the workpiece (8), the second fixing device (3) comprising a second linear drive module (5) and a second sliding fixture (7), and the second linear drive module (5) is arranged at the upper end of the second fixing device (3); A first sliding fixture (6) is slidably mounted on the first linear drive module (4), and the first sliding fixture (6) clamps and fixes one end of the workpiece (8); a second sliding fixture (7) is slidably mounted on the second linear drive module (5), and the second sliding fixture (7) clamps and fixes the other end of the workpiece (8); Wherein, when the workpiece (8) needs to be clamped, the first sliding fixture (6) clamps and fixes the workpiece (8) on the support table (1), and then the first linear drive module (4) drives the first sliding fixture (6) to drive the workpiece (8) to slide, and at the same time the second fixing device (3) rotates, and when the other end face of the workpiece (8) is coplanar with the outer end face of the second sliding fixture (7), the second fixing device (3) stops rotating, and the second linear drive module (5) drives the second sliding fixture (7) to clamp the workpiece (8); a positioning module is slidably mounted on the third linear drive module (9), and a positioning rod (10) is provided at the upper end of the positioning module, and the top end of the positioning rod (10) is rotatably connected to the cross rod (11); A square positioning block (12) is provided at one end of the crossbar (11), and four fixing rods (13) are installed around the positioning block (12). The other end of the fixing rod (13) fixes the inner wall of the workpiece (8), and the fixing rod (13) can adapt to the inner diameter of the workpiece (8) to fix and position the workpiece (8) in a movable manner; a driving motor (15) is also installed on the top of the positioning rod (10), and the motor (15) drives the crossbar (11) to rotate; a light sensor (14) that emits light is also fixedly installed on the rotating shaft (24), and the light sensor (14) detects whether the workpiece (8) is horizontal. When the workpiece (8) is in a non-horizontal state, the light emitted by the light sensor (14) is blocked, thereby triggering the light sensor (14); When the light sensor (14) detects that the workpiece (8) is in a non-horizontal state, the system controls the motor (15) to start driving the crossbar (11) to rotate, the rotation of the crossbar (11) drives the positioning block (12) and the fixing rod (13) to rotate simultaneously, and the fixing rod (13) drives the workpiece (8) to rotate along the circumferential direction of its end face; when the light sensor (14) detects that the workpiece (8) has rotated to a horizontal state, the system controls the motor (15) to stop driving.

2. A large-caliber elbow machining clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A camera device (16) that can be extended in horizontal and vertical directions is also mounted on the side of the support platform (1); the shooting direction of the camera device (16) is the direction of the workpiece (8); the shooting range of the camera device (16) covers the entire support platform (1); and a light beam emitter (17) that can emit a light beam is mounted on the side of the positioning block (12) that faces the workpiece (8); The light beam emitter (17) emits a light beam into the interior of the workpiece (8), and the light beam is reflected by the inner wall of the workpiece and captured by the camera device (16). The camera device (16) determines the position of light reflection through the captured image, and the position of light reflection determines the axis center horizontal line of the end of the workpiece (8) on the side of the camera device (16). The camera device (16) then processes the image to obtain a circular contour of the end of the workpiece (8), and determines the midpoint perpendicular line of the end based on the circular contour. The midpoint perpendicular line intersects with the axis center horizontal line, thus determining the axis center of the end.

3. A large-caliber elbow machining clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first sliding fixture (6) comprises a fixed clamp plate (18) and a slider (19), wherein the slider (19) is connected to the first linear drive module (4), the upper end of the slider (19) is connected to a fixed clamp plate (18), the slider (19) adjusts the horizontal distance between the fixed clamp plate (18), the fixed clamp plate (18) is a retractable structure in the vertical direction, the fixed clamp plate (18) clamps the outer wall of the workpiece (8), and the contact surface between the fixed clamp plate (18) and the outer wall of the workpiece (8) is made of a material with a high friction coefficient.

4. A large-caliber elbow machining clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second sliding clamp (7) comprises a second fixed clamp plate (20) and a second slider (21), wherein the second slider (21) is connected to the second linear drive module (5), and the second slider (21) adjusts the horizontal distance between the second fixed clamp plate (20). The upper end of the second slider (21) is connected to the second fixed clamp plate (20), and the second fixed clamp plate (20) is a retractable structure in the vertical direction. The second fixed clamp plate (20) clamps the outer wall of the workpiece (8), and the surface of the second fixed clamp plate (20) in contact with the outer wall of the workpiece (8) is made of a material with a high friction coefficient.

5. A large-caliber elbow machining clamping mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross bar (11) has a through hole penetrating the cross bar (11), an inner rod (22) is installed in the through hole, the inner rod (22) is threadedly connected to the cross bar (11), the other end of the cross bar (11) is connected to the positioning block (12), the end of the cross bar (11) connected to the positioning block (12) is tapered, the fixing rod (13) is connected to the positioning block (12) at one end and contacts the cross bar (11) inside, and the contact surface between the fixing rod (13) and the positioning block (12) is an inclined surface; The position of the conical surface of the cross bar (11) is adjusted by axially rotating the cross bar (11), thereby changing the distance between the fixing rod (13) and the axis of the cross bar (11), and further fine-tuning the telescopic distance of the fixing rod (13). When the fixing rod (13) clamps the inner wall of the workpiece (8), the cross bar (11) cannot rotate, and the positioning block (12) is located at the center of the end face of the workpiece (8).

6. A large-caliber elbow machining clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning rod (10) is a telescopic structure in the vertical direction; the fixing rod (13) is a telescopic structure; a sliding groove (23) for limiting the rotation angle of the second fixing device (3) is provided on the end surface of the support platform (1), and the sliding groove (23) is slidably connected to one end of the second fixing device (3).

7. A large-caliber elbow machining clamping system, characterized in that: It comprises the large-diameter elbow machining clamping mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 and a workpiece (8), wherein the workpiece (8) is clamped on the large-diameter elbow machining clamping mechanism.

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