A gearbox monitoring information collection device and its fault warning system

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of gearbox failure, and specifically relates to a gearbox monitoring information collection device, which includes a fault analysis unit, a gearbox oil outlet and an oil inlet, the fault analysis unit includes an on-board computer, a data graphic information collection system, a graphic processing system, a memory and a sorter, and is characterized in that it also includes an oil pump connected to the oil outlet, a transparent two-way branch pipe arranged between the oil outlet and the oil pump, and a gear oil monitoring assembly located at the lower end of the two-way branch pipe and fixedly connected to the gearbox, the gear oil monitoring assembly is used to detect the temperature and image information of the gear oil and transmit it to the fault analysis unit. The present invention, by setting a two-way branch pipe to lead the gear oil in the gearbox out and obtain the gear oil quality image information through the gear oil monitoring assembly, when the gear oil temperature rises, the oil quality image information is obtained in advance and compared with the sample in the sorter, which can not only determine the gearbox failure but also analyze the gearbox failure caused by the deterioration of the gearbox oil and the failure caused by the gear oil cooling system problem.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of gear box failure, and in particular relates to a gear box monitoring information collection device and a failure early warning system thereof. Background Art

[0002] The gearbox or transmission is a core component in the automobile transmission system. In order to detect and warn of gearbox failures as early as possible, vibration sensors and gear oil temperature sensors are usually used as the main signals to obtain the cause of the gearbox failure through a judgment method. However, this method cannot rule out failures caused by the assembly relationship of the gearbox itself or other mechanical defects, or failures caused by gearbox oil deterioration, or failures caused by the gear oil cooling system. The existing technology can only detect the above three units separately and cannot comprehensively analyze and determine early warnings, nor can it find out where the failure comes from, which is ultimately manifested in excessive vibration of the gearbox. In other words, the existing technology can only detect the occurrence of gearbox failures, and can only wait for the gearbox to fail before accurately detecting that the gearbox has a serious lag. Summary of the invention

[0003] To solve the problems raised in the above background technology, the present invention provides a gearbox monitoring information collection device, which has the characteristics of dual detection of gearbox fault source factors and after the fault occurs, and can partially give early warning of possible gearbox faults.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a gearbox monitoring information collection device, comprising a fault analysis unit, a gearbox oil outlet and an oil inlet, the fault analysis unit comprising an on-board computer, a data graphic information collection system, a graphic processing system, a memory and a detector, and also comprising an oil pump connected to the oil outlet, a transparent two-way branch pipe arranged between the oil outlet and the oil pump, and a gear oil monitoring assembly fixedly connected to a gearbox at the lower end of the two-way branch pipe, the gear oil monitoring assembly being used to detect the temperature and image information of the gear oil and transmit it to the fault analysis unit; the gear oil monitoring assembly comprising a support platform, a camera arranged on the platform and opposite to the outer wall of the two-way branch pipe, and a camera arranged on the support platform. The support shaft on the frame platform is located in the middle of the two-way branch pipe, a rotating wheel rotatably connected to the supporting shaft, a limit block with a self-resetting function arranged on one side of the rotating wheel, a ratchet mechanism arranged at the lower end of the rotating wheel, an extension plate fixedly arranged on the periphery of the outer wheel of the ratchet mechanism, a pushing block with a self-resetting function arranged on the extension plate, a gear fixedly arranged at the lower end of the outer wheel of the ratchet mechanism, a rack meshing with the gear, a hydraulic cylinder fixed on the support platform and connected to one end of the rack, a guide rail fixedly connected to the support platform and slidably connected to the rack, a gear at the lower end, and a rack meshing with the gear, the outer edge of the rotating wheel is provided with convex teeth, the convex teeth are provided with dust-absorbing cotton for cleaning the outer wall of the two-way branch pipe, a groove is provided between the two convex teeth, and the limit block and the pushing block are placed in the groove.

[0005] Preferably, the mounting block fixedly connected to the bracket platform and the side of the mounting block close to the rotating wheel are provided with a self-recovering sliding arm, the camera is arranged at one end of the sliding arm, and when the pushing block pushes the sliding arm to the end of the stroke, the pushing block pushes the sliding arm to extend.

[0006] Preferably, a tee is connected to either side of the two-way branch pipe, a filter is provided inside the tee, a weighing device is connected to the lower end of the tee, a flow sensor is connected to the other end of the tee, and the weighing device and the flow sensor are electrically connected to the fault analysis unit; an oil temperature sensor is installed on the side of the tee close to the oil outlet, and the oil temperature sensor is connected to the fault analysis unit;

[0007] Preferably, it also includes a ventilation valve arranged on the gear box and an oil fume sensor arranged on the ventilation valve, and the oil fume sensor is electrically connected to the fault analysis unit; the ventilation valve is provided with at least a heavy oil chamber and an oil-gas chamber, the oil-gas chamber is located at the lower end of the heavy oil chamber, and the oil fume sensor is placed in the oil-gas chamber.

[0008] Preferably, the vent valve includes a valve body, a valve cover arranged at the top of the valve body, baffles arranged at staggered intervals within the valve body, a partition is provided at the upper end of the baffle, a vent hole is provided on the partition, a tower-shaped retaining ring is provided at the upper end of the partition, the inner wall of the valve body at the retaining ring is a frustum structure, a breathable membrane is provided on the upper end surface of the frustum structure, the breathable membrane is fixed to the frustum structure by a threaded ring, and the outer side of the frustum structure is set as an oil and gas chamber.

[0009] A gearbox fault early warning method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0010] S1: Manually collect images of the gearbox under similar working conditions and the gear oil under normal conditions under the corresponding segmented mileage to obtain a training set to make positive samples;

[0011] S2: Collect images of gear oil quality problems and obtain training sets to make negative samples;

[0012] S3: Map positive samples and negative samples under similar working conditions and corresponding segmented mileage and store them in the sorter;

[0013] S4: When the temperature of the gear oil rises, the camera obtains the actual image of the gear oil outlet at the two-way branch pipe. The actual image enters the fault analysis unit through the data graphic information acquisition system and enters the sorter through the graphic processing system. The on-board computer compares the actual image with the positive samples and negative samples in the sorter and issues corresponding warning information.

[0014] Preferably, the negative samples include at least an emulsified sample of gear oil, a blackened sample of gear oil, and a burnt brown sample of gear oil.

[0015] Preferably, the warning information includes a gearbox mechanical failure warning, a gear oil cooling system warning, and a gear oil deterioration warning, and the three warnings are obtained in the following manner:

[0016] a. When the gear oil temperature exceeds the preset threshold and lasts for 1-2 minutes, the gear oil monitoring assembly works and obtains the actual image information of the gear oil and enters the sorter in S4 mode. If the actual image matches the positive sample in the sorter, it is determined to be a gear oil cooling system failure or a gear box mechanical failure. At this time, the vibration sensor and weight sensor signals on the gear box are detected to see if they exceed the threshold. If they exceed the threshold, a gear box mechanical failure warning is issued; if they do not exceed the threshold, a gear oil cooling system warning is issued;

[0017] b. Same as step a. If the actual image does not match the positive sample in the sorter, compare the actual image with the negative sample. If it matches the emulsified sample, it is a warning of gear oil deterioration. If it matches other negative samples and the vibration sensor and weight sensor signals exceed the threshold, it is a warning of gearbox mechanical failure. Otherwise, check whether the oil fume sensor exceeds the threshold. If it exceeds the threshold, a warning of the gear oil cooling system is issued.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The present invention, by setting a two-way branch pipe to lead the gear oil in the gear box to obtain the gear oil quality image information through the gear oil monitoring assembly, when the gear oil temperature rises, the oil quality image information is obtained in advance and compared with the sample in the sorter, not only can the gear box fault be determined, but also the gear box fault caused by gear box oil deterioration and the fault caused by the gear oil cooling system problem can be analyzed. Furthermore, if there are problems such as gear oil cooling system or gear box oil deterioration, early warning can be given to reduce the occurrence of serious gear box mechanical faults such as gear box tooth surface damage. Other beneficial effects of the present invention will be described in detail in the specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is the gearbox fault warning workflow diagram;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a normal gear oil product chart;

[0026] Figure 6 Gear oil quality chart for ultra-long use of 20,000 km;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a diagram of gear oil that has entered the coolant and emulsified and deteriorated;

[0028] In the figure: 1. Fault analysis unit; 2. On-board computer; 3. Sorter; 4. Data image information acquisition system; 5. Memory; 6. Oil temperature sensor; 7. Camera; 8. Weighing machine; 9. Flow sensor; 10. Fume sensor; 11. Vibration sensor; 12. Solenoid valve; 13. Oil pump; 14. Gear oil monitoring assembly; 1401. Bracket platform (unmarked); 1402. Support shaft; 1403. Rotor; 1404. Limit block; 1405. Extension plate; 1406. Push block; 1407, gear; 1408, rack; 1409, hydraulic cylinder; 1410, guide rail; 1411, convex tooth; 1412, mounting block; 1413, sliding arm; 1414, ratchet mechanism (unmarked); 15, three-way pipe; 16, two-way branch pipe; 17, vent valve; 171, valve body; 172, valve cover; 173, baffle; 174, partition; 175, tower-type retaining ring; 176, frustum structure; 177, breathable membrane; 178, oil and gas chamber; 179, heavy oil chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0030] See also Figure 1-3 , the present invention provides the following technical solutions:.

[0031] A gearbox monitoring information collection device comprises a fault analysis unit 1, a gearbox oil outlet and an oil inlet, wherein the fault analysis unit 1 comprises an on-board computer 2, a data graphic information collection system, a graphic processing system, a memory and a detector, and further comprises an oil pump 13 connected to the oil outlet, a transparent two-way branch pipe 16 arranged between the oil outlet and the oil pump 13, and a gear oil monitoring assembly 14 fixedly connected to the gearbox at the lower end of the two-way branch pipe 16, wherein the gear oil monitoring assembly 14 is used to detect the temperature and image information of the gear oil and transmit them to the fault analysis unit 1.

[0032] Working principle: Before a gearbox fails, the physical and chemical properties of the gear oil will often show up in advance, such as excessively high gear oil temperature, black gear oil, iron cutting due to wear of defective parts in the initial stage of the gearbox, and emulsification of the gear oil before the gearbox is damaged by water. The gearbox failure can be warned through the detection of the gear oil. In order to facilitate the use of the deep learning network detection method, it is necessary to obtain the actual image of the gear oil in actual use, and it is very reliable to use the real-time actual image of the gear oil as the signal source. In this embodiment, the inventor draws out the gear oil from the gear oil through a transparent two-way branch pipe 16 and obtains its image information through the camera 7 set in the gear oil monitoring assembly 14. In this embodiment, in order to obtain the gear oil image information whenever it is needed during the driving process of the car, it is necessary to wipe the exposed two-way branch pipe 16 and take the image of the gear oil therein at the right time.

[0033] Furthermore, the gear oil monitoring assembly 14 includes a support platform, a camera 7 disposed on the platform and opposite to the outer wall of the two-way branch pipe 16, a support shaft 1402 disposed on the support platform and located in the middle of the two-way branch pipe 16, a rotating wheel 1403 rotatably connected to the support shaft 1402, a limit block 1404 with a self-resetting function disposed on one side of the rotating wheel 1403, a ratchet mechanism disposed at the lower end of the rotating wheel 1403, an extension plate 1405 fixedly disposed on the periphery of the outer wheel of the ratchet mechanism, a push block 1406 with a self-resetting function disposed on the extension plate 1405, and a stop block 1406 fixedly disposed at the lower end of the outer wheel of the ratchet mechanism. The gear 1407, the rack 1408 meshing with the gear 1407, the hydraulic cylinder 1409 fixed on the support platform and connected to one end of the rack 1408, the guide rail 1410 fixedly connected to the support platform and slidably connected to the rack 1408, the gear 1407 at the lower end, the rack 1408 meshing with the gear 1407, the outer edge of the rotating wheel 1403 is provided with a convex tooth 1411, the convex tooth 1411 is provided with a dust-absorbing cotton for cleaning the dust on the outer wall of the two-way branch pipe 16, a groove is provided between the two convex teeth 1411, and the limit block 1404 and the push block 1406 are placed in the groove. When the gear oil temperature exceeds the preset temperature, the hydraulic cylinder 1409 extends the hydraulic cylinder 1409 rod to drive the rack 1408 to drive the gear 1407, the outer wheel of the ratchet mechanism, and the extension plate 1405 to move in sequence, and the push block 1406 on the extension plate 1405 pushes the rotating wheel 1403 to move counterclockwise. When the rotating wheel 1403 moves counterclockwise, the dust-absorbing cotton on it wipes it, and then the hydraulic cylinder 1409 rod is retracted to complete the reset. Through the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder 1409 rod, the two-way branch pipe 16 can be wiped multiple times to wipe off the dust on it, so that the camera 7 can capture the real real-time actual image of the gear oil and complete the collection of the most difficult image information.

[0034] On the basis of the above scheme, the camera 7 is integrated on the support platform, which can be arranged in the following manner: the mounting block 1412 fixedly connected to the support platform and the side of the mounting block 1412 close to the rotating wheel 1403 are provided with a self-restoring sliding arm 1413, and the camera 7 is arranged at one end of the sliding arm 1413. When the push block 1406 pushes the end of the stroke, the push block 1406 pushes the sliding arm 1413 to extend. In this embodiment, the inventor makes the camera 7 on the sliding arm 1413 extend through the collision between the sliding arm 1413 and the pushing block 1406 when the pushing block 1406 pushes the end of the stroke, without the need to design another large driving part separately. The structure is compact and reasonable, and the design is ingenious and easy to integrate. Of course, in order to better avoid dust, a dust cover can be added to the outer side of the two-way branch pipe 16. The dust cover is a prior art and will not be repeated here.

[0035] When a gearbox fails, the gear oil will rise, and most of them will be accompanied by wear and gradually increase. It is very necessary to detect the gear oil temperature and whether the wear is excessive and the wear is increased. Impurities in the gear oil are also one of the important information that needs to be collected. For this reason, the two-way branch pipe 16 is connected to a three-way pipe 15 on either side, and a filter is arranged in the three-way pipe 15. The lower end of the three-way pipe 15 is connected to a weighing device 8, and the other end of the three-way pipe 15 is connected to a flow sensor 9. The weighing device 8 and the flow sensor 9 are electrically connected to the fault analysis unit 1; the three-way pipe 15 is installed with an oil temperature sensor 6 on the side close to the oil outlet, and the oil temperature sensor 6 is connected to the fault analysis unit 1. The gear oil temperature can be collected by the oil temperature sensor 6, and the amount of gear oil flowing through can be calculated by the flow meter, and the weighing device 8 can know the amount of increased metal. The amount of metal chips in the gear oil can be collected by the cooperation of the weighing device 8 and the flow sensor 9. The information of too fast increase or excessive amount of metal chips can be used as the early fault information of the gearbox.

[0036] When the gear oil deteriorates, its temperature will be higher and its high temperature resistance will drop sharply due to the deterioration. If it is not replaced in time, its color will be black or burnt yellow and accompanied by serious oil smoke. It is very suitable as a supplementary information signal for gear oil deterioration. Therefore, the collection of this signal can provide more reference value information for fault source factor analysis. For this reason, a vent valve 17 and an oil smoke sensor 10 arranged on the vent valve 17 are arranged on the gear box, and the oil smoke sensor 10 is electrically connected to the fault analysis unit 1; the vent valve 17 is provided with at least a heavy oil chamber 179 and an oil and gas chamber 178, and the oil and gas chamber 178 is located at the lower end of the heavy oil chamber 179, and the oil smoke sensor 10 is placed in the oil and gas chamber 178. The oil smoke sensor 10 can detect the oil smoke information, and at the same time, the vent valve 17 is set as the heavy oil chamber 179 and the oil and gas chamber 178 and the oil smoke sensor 10 is placed in the oil and gas chamber 178, which greatly reduces the interference of gear oil splash on the detection data of the oil smoke sensor 10. Furthermore, the vent valve 17 includes a valve body 171, a valve cover 172 arranged at the top of the valve body 171, baffles 173 arranged at staggered intervals in the valve body 171, a partition 174 is provided at the upper end of the baffle 173, a vent hole is provided on the partition 174, a tower-shaped retaining ring 175 is provided at the upper end of the partition 174, the inner wall of the valve body 171 at the retaining ring is a frustum structure 176, a breathable membrane 177 is provided on the upper end surface of the frustum structure 176, the breathable membrane 177 is fixed to the frustum structure 176 by a threaded ring, and the outer side of the frustum structure 176 is set as an oil and gas chamber 178. In addition to the baffle 173 that can prevent the gear oil from overflowing from the vent valve 17, the tower-shaped retaining ring 175 further blocks and separates the oil and gas. Since the gas flow speeds are different when the oil and gas encounter obstacles, the two can be further separated. At the same time, the frustum structure 176 can further block the floating gear oil. At this time, the gear oil has been blocked at least three times and has been fully separated from the gas. At this time, the small-particle gear oil can be separated in the heavy oil chamber 179 of the vent valve 17 through the breathable membrane 177, and the gas enters the oil and gas chamber 178. Therefore, the detection data of the present invention is more reliable.

[0037] The above information collection can be applied in practice, and a specific application method is now given.

[0038] A gearbox fault early warning method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0039] S1: Manually collect images of the gearbox under similar working conditions and the gear oil under normal conditions under the corresponding segmented mileage to obtain a training set to make positive samples;

[0040] S2: Collect the gear oil quality problem graph, obtain the training set to make negative samples; the negative samples of the present invention preferably select the emulsified sample of gear oil, the blackened sample of gear oil, and the burnt brown sample of gear oil. The above negative samples are not only easy to identify but also have the typical characteristics of high quality deterioration. For example, the emulsified sample is caused by the water inflow failure of the gear box, and its color is milky white and extremely recognizable. Others are not listed one by one.

[0041] S3: Map positive samples and negative samples under similar working conditions and corresponding segment mileage and store them in sorter 3;

[0042] S4: When the temperature of the gear oil rises, the camera 7 obtains the actual image of the gear oil outlet at the two-way branch pipe 16. The actual image enters the fault analysis unit 1 through the data graphic information acquisition system, and enters the sorter 3 through the graphic processing system. The on-board computer 2 compares the actual image with the positive samples and negative samples in the sorter 3 and issues corresponding warning information.

[0043] Preferably, the warning information includes a gearbox mechanical failure warning, a gear oil cooling system warning, and a gear oil deterioration warning, and the three warnings are obtained in the following manner:

[0044] a. When the gear oil temperature exceeds the preset threshold and lasts for 1-2 minutes, the gear oil monitoring assembly 14 works and obtains the actual image information of the gear oil and enters the sorter 3 according to S4. If the actual image matches the positive sample in the sorter 3, it is determined to be a gear oil cooling system failure or a gear box mechanical failure. At this time, the vibration sensor 11 and the weight sensor signal on the gear box are detected to see if they exceed the threshold. If they exceed the threshold, a gear box mechanical failure warning is issued. If they do not exceed the threshold, a gear oil cooling system warning is issued.

[0045] b. Same as step a. If the actual image does not match the positive sample in the sorter 3, the actual image is compared with the negative sample. If it matches the emulsified sample, a gear oil deterioration warning is issued. If it matches other negative samples and the vibration sensor 11 and weight sensor signals exceed the threshold, a gear box mechanical failure warning is issued. Otherwise, the oil fume sensor 10 is checked to see if it exceeds the threshold. If it exceeds the threshold, a gear oil cooling system warning is issued.

[0046] The above method of the present invention can solve the problem of gearbox fault warning hysteresis in the prior art. For example, if the gear oil should be replaced but is not, the gear oil will deteriorate and become black with oil smoke. The above method collects the actual image of the black gear oil and compares it with the negative sample. The concentration is detected by the oil smoke sensor 10 as an auxiliary or the gear oil causes the gearbox to wear more severely. The weighing device 8 detects that it exceeds the preset value, which can be judged as a warning of gear oil deterioration. At this time, timely replacement of the gear oil can prevent the gearbox from serious mechanical failure. Therefore, it solves the technical problem of delayed fault judgment after the gearbox failure occurs in the prior art. Furthermore, the faulty gearbox oil products presented in urban working conditions with the same mileage of different models are manually collected. Starting from the image pixels, a deep learning network of the image is established using a convolutional neural network unit. The mathematical expression of the image is obtained by layer-by-layer feature extraction and the relationship between training samples is obtained; the expression of the relationship between training samples and the expression of the training sample images are used to form a sorter 3. The deep learning network described here uses a convolutional neural network and uses a Softmax function. The convolutional neural network and the Softmax function of the present invention are prior art applications suitable for the present invention. For typical samples, see Figure 5-7 , see the workflow Figure 4 .

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gearbox monitoring information collection device, comprising a fault analysis unit (1), a gearbox oil outlet and an oil inlet, wherein the fault analysis unit (1) comprises an on-board computer (2), a data graphic information collection system, a graphic processing system, a memory and a detector, and is characterized in that: The gear oil monitoring assembly (14) further comprises an oil pump (13) connected to the oil outlet, a transparent two-way branch pipe (16) disposed between the oil outlet and the oil pump (13), and a gear oil monitoring assembly (14) located at the lower end of the two-way branch pipe (16) and fixedly connected to a gear box, wherein the gear oil monitoring assembly (14) is used to detect the temperature and image information of the gear oil and transmit the information to the fault analysis unit (1); the gear oil monitoring assembly (14) comprises a support platform, a relative support disposed on the platform and opposite to the outer wall of the two-way branch pipe (16); The machine (7) comprises a support shaft (1402) disposed on a support platform and located in the middle of the two-way branch pipe (16), a rotating wheel (1403) rotatably connected to the support shaft (1402), a limit block (1404) having a self-resetting function disposed on one side of the rotating wheel (1403), a ratchet mechanism disposed at the lower end of the rotating wheel (1403), an extension plate (1405) fixedly disposed on the periphery of the outer wheel of the ratchet mechanism, a push block (1406) having a self-resetting function disposed on the extension plate (1405), and a ratchet mechanism fixedly disposed on the ratchet mechanism. The gear (1407) at the lower end of the outer wheel of the mechanism, a rack (1408) meshing with the gear (1407), a hydraulic cylinder (1409) fixed on the support platform and connected to one end of the rack (1408), and a guide rail (1410) fixed on the support platform and slidably connected to the rack (1408), the outer edge of the rotating wheel (1403) is provided with a convex tooth (1411), and the convex tooth (1411) is provided with a dust collecting cotton for cleaning the outer wall of the two-way branch pipe (16), and the two convex teeth (141 1), the limiting block (1404) and the pushing block (1406) are placed in the groove; the device also includes a mounting block (1412) fixedly connected to the support platform, a self-restoring sliding arm (1413) is provided on a side of the mounting block (1412) close to the rotating wheel (1403), the camera (7) is arranged at one end of the sliding arm (1413), and when the pushing block (1406) pushes the sliding arm (1413) to extend when the pushing block (1406) pushes the sliding arm (1413) to the end of the travel.

2. A gearbox monitoring information collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A three-way pipe (15) is connected to either side of the two-way branch pipe (16), a filter screen is provided inside the three-way pipe (15), a weighing device (8) is connected to the lower end of the three-way pipe (15), a flow sensor (9) is connected to the other end of the three-way pipe (15), and the weighing device (8) and the flow sensor (9) are electrically connected to the fault analysis unit (1); an oil temperature sensor (6) is installed on the side of the three-way pipe (15) close to the oil outlet, and the oil temperature sensor (6) is connected to the fault analysis unit (1).

3. A gearbox monitoring information collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a ventilation valve (17) disposed on the gear box and an oil fume sensor (10) disposed on the ventilation valve (17), wherein the oil fume sensor (10) is electrically connected to the fault analysis unit (1); the ventilation valve (17) is provided with at least a heavy oil chamber (179) and an oil-gas chamber (178), wherein the oil-gas chamber (178) is located at the lower end of the heavy oil chamber (179), and the oil fume sensor (10) is disposed in the oil-gas chamber (178).

4. A gearbox monitoring information collection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The vent valve (17) comprises a valve body (171), a valve cover (172) arranged at the top of the valve body (171), baffles (173) arranged in a staggered manner in the valve body (171), a partition (174) located at the upper end of the baffle (173), a vent hole provided on the partition (174), a tower-shaped retaining ring (175) provided at the upper end of the partition (174), an inner wall of the valve body (171) at the retaining ring presenting a frustum structure (176), an air permeable membrane (177) provided on the upper end surface of the frustum structure (176), the air permeable membrane (177) being fixed to the frustum structure (176) by means of a threaded ring, and an oil and gas chamber (178) being provided on the outer side of the frustum structure (176).

5. A fault warning method based on the gearbox monitoring information collection device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: S1: Manually collect images of the gearbox under similar working conditions and the gear oil under normal conditions under the corresponding segmented mileage to obtain a training set to make positive samples; S2: Collect images of gear oil quality problems and obtain training sets to make negative samples; S3: Map positive samples and negative samples under similar working conditions and corresponding segmented mileage and store them in the sorter (3); S4: When the temperature of the gear oil rises, the camera (7) obtains an actual image of the gear oil outlet at the two-way branch pipe (16). The actual image enters the fault analysis unit (1) through the data graphic information acquisition system and enters the sorter (3) through the graphic processing system. The on-board computer (2) compares the actual image with the positive sample and the negative sample in the sorter (3) and issues a corresponding warning message.

6. The fault early warning method based on the gearbox monitoring information collection device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The negative samples at least include an emulsified sample of the gear oil, a blackened sample of the gear oil, and a burnt brown sample of the gear oil.

7. The fault early warning method based on the gearbox monitoring information collection device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The warning information includes gearbox mechanical failure warning, gear oil cooling system warning, and gear oil deterioration warning. The three warnings are obtained in the following manner: a. When the gear oil temperature exceeds the preset threshold and lasts for 1-2 minutes, the gear oil monitoring assembly (14) works and obtains the actual image information of the gear oil and enters the sorter (3) in accordance with S4. If the actual image matches the positive sample in the sorter (3), it is determined that there is a gear oil cooling system failure or a gear box mechanical failure. At this time, the vibration sensor (11) and the weight sensor signal on the gear box are detected to see if they exceed the threshold. If they exceed the threshold, a gear box mechanical failure warning is issued. If they do not exceed the threshold, a gear oil cooling system warning is issued. b. Same as step a. If the actual image does not match the positive sample in the sorter (3), the actual image is compared with the negative sample. If it matches the emulsified sample, a gear oil deterioration warning is issued. If it matches other negative samples and the vibration sensor (11) and weight sensor signals exceed the threshold, a gear box mechanical failure warning is issued. Otherwise, the oil fume sensor (10) is checked to see if it exceeds the threshold. If it exceeds the threshold, a gear oil cooling system warning is issued.

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