A wear-resistant steel ball heat treatment annealing method, annealing system and use method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for heat treatment annealing of wear-resistant steel balls, comprising the following steps: heating the wear-resistant steel balls until deformation occurs; placing the wear-resistant steel balls in a heated ball rubbing and shaping control device, extruding and rolling the surface of the wear-resistant steel balls, shaping and rolling the wear-resistant steel balls, stopping heating of the heated ball rubbing and shaping control device, and continuing to shape and roll. The annealing system comprises a heating furnace unit, a heat preservation unit, and a heated ball rubbing and shaping control device, which are connected in sequence; the ball rubbing and shaping control device comprises: a bottom plate with a heating function, a sealing ring, a plurality of vertical cylinders, a top plate with a heating function, a rolling and rubbing control component, a pressurizing component, and an auxiliary control component. The present invention eliminates the spherical deformation formed by annealing as much as possible, evenly distributes the internal stress, and reduces the deformation amount in the subsequent quenching process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of heat treatment of wear-resistant steel balls, in particular to a heat treatment annealing system for wear-resistant steel balls. Background Art

[0002] Wear-resistant steel balls are a type of crushing medium used in ball mills to crush materials in the mill. Wear-resistant steel balls are made of chromium alloy cast iron, ductile iron, round steel and other materials through casting, hot rolling or forging and then heat treatment. Depending on the raw materials used, wear-resistant steel balls have different surface hardness and core hardness, so they can be used to grind various materials. When grinding certain special materials (high hardness and high purity), the surface hardness and roundness of the wear-resistant steel balls are required to be high. In terms of hardness, the error range of its surface hardness cannot exceed plus or minus 1HRC, or even plus or minus 0.5HRC. The error range of its roundness generally cannot exceed one thousandth to five thousandths of its diameter.

[0003] At present, in the production process of wear-resistant steel balls formed by casting, hot rolling, forging and other methods, due to the uniformity of internal materials, organizational defects and residual stress, etc., during the annealing process of heat treatment, it will appear due to temperature changes and material softening, which will cause it to undergo minor deformation. At the same time, during the annealing process of slow cooling after natural heating, the stress generated inside the wear-resistant steel ball due to its shape characteristics (spherical) is more difficult to be eliminated by annealing than the stress generated outside. Combined with the uniformity of its internal materials, organizational defects and other problems, there are still many uneven stress distributions inside the wear-resistant steel ball. When the quenching process is carried out after annealing, the unevenly distributed stress will affect the crystal structure and organizational morphology of the wear-resistant steel ball material during the quenching process, and will also affect the formation of a stable and uniform residual stress distribution inside the wear-resistant steel ball. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a wear-resistant steel ball heat treatment annealing system to eliminate the spherical deformation formed by annealing as much as possible, evenly distribute the internal stress, and reduce the deformation in the subsequent quenching process.

[0005] The objective of the present invention is achieved through such technical solution:

[0006] A method for heat treatment annealing of a wear-resistant steel ball comprises the following steps:

[0007] The wear-resistant steel ball is heated until it is deformed;

[0008] The wear-resistant steel ball is placed in a heated ball rubbing and shaping device, and the surface of the wear-resistant steel ball is squeezed and rolled. During the extrusion and rolling process, the ball rubbing and shaping device generates heat to ensure that the temperature of the wear-resistant steel ball does not decrease. During the extrusion and rolling process, the extrusion height is less than the diameter of the wear-resistant steel ball.

[0009] After extrusion and rolling, the wear-resistant steel balls are continuously shaped and rolled using a heated ball-rubbing and shape-controlling device. During the shaping and rolling process, the ball-rubbing and shape-controlling device generates heat to ensure that the temperature of the wear-resistant steel balls does not decrease. During the shaping and rolling process, the extrusion height is equal to the diameter of the wear-resistant steel balls or is within the allowable error range.

[0010] The heated ball rubbing and shaping control equipment stops heating and continues to shape and rub until the temperature of the wear-resistant steel balls drops to a predetermined temperature, and then the wear-resistant steel balls are discharged from the heated ball rubbing and shaping control equipment, and then allowed to cool down slowly, and finally the annealing treatment is completed.

[0011] Furthermore, after the step of "heating the wear-resistant steel ball until deformation occurs", there is a further step of transferring the wear-resistant steel ball to a heat-insulating environment until the residual stress and phase change stress on the surface of the wear-resistant steel ball are released.

[0012] Furthermore, during the extrusion rolling and shaping rolling, the hemispherical surface of the wear-resistant steel ball is used as the contour surface for spiral extension rolling, and the rolling line is formed into a hemispherical spring shape.

[0013] Furthermore, during the extrusion rolling and shaping rolling, the rolling line from the starting point to the completion of the hemispherical spring shape is a group of rolling, and the starting points of the rolling lines of all rolling groups are distributed in a manner of uniformly spreading from the center to the periphery, and the angle between the starting point of the rolling line of each rolling group and the starting point of the rolling line of any adjacent rolling group and the circle of the wear-resistant steel ball is the same;

[0014] During extrusion rolling, the interval between the rolling lines in each group of rolling is the arc length of 1 to 3 degrees on the surface of the wear-resistant steel ball, and the angle between the starting points of the rolling lines of two adjacent groups of rolling and the circle of the wear-resistant steel ball is not less than 30 degrees; the number of rolling groups shall not be less than 20;

[0015] During shaping rolling, the interval between the rolling lines in each group of rolling shall not exceed the arc length of 1° on the surface of the wear-resistant steel ball, and the angle formed by the starting points of the rolling lines of two adjacent groups of rolling and the circle of the wear-resistant steel ball shall not exceed 5 degrees.

[0016] Furthermore, after the extrusion rolling and shaping rolling are completed, they are each performed once more; the second extrusion rolling and shaping rolling are repeated along the path of the first extrusion rolling and shaping rolling.

[0017] A wear-resistant steel ball heat treatment annealing system comprises a heating furnace unit, a heat preservation unit, and a ball rubbing and shaping control device with heating connected in sequence; the ball rubbing and shaping control device comprises:

[0018] Heated bottom plate with horizontal upper surface;

[0019] The sealing ring is arranged on the outer side of the bottom plate, and forms a box shape with the bottom plate opening upward; the inner side of the sealing ring is seamlessly fitted with the outer side of the bottom plate; the upper surface of the sealing ring is horizontal; the side of the sealing ring is provided with a feed notch and a discharge notch; the feed notch is directly opposite to the discharge port of the heat preservation unit; the outer side of the sealing ring is provided with a heat preservation layer;

[0020] A plurality of vertical cylinders are arranged on the lower end surface of the sealing ring, and the height difference between the upper end surface of the sealing ring and the upper surface of the bottom plate is controlled by raising and lowering the telescopic end thereof;

[0021] A top plate with heating function, with a horizontal lower surface, resting on the upper surface of the sealing ring;

[0022] The rolling and rubbing control component is connected to the top plate to control the top plate to move arbitrarily on the upper surface of the sealing ring;

[0023] A pressurizing assembly is evenly arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate;

[0024] The auxiliary control component is arranged on the edge of the top plate to assist the movement of the top plate.

[0025] Furthermore, the bottom plate comprises:

[0026] Zirconia ceramic layer, smooth upper surface;

[0027] A heating layer is arranged on the lower surface of the zirconia ceramic layer; the heating comprises a plurality of electromagnetic heating induction coils arranged at even intervals;

[0028] The heat-insulating structural layer is arranged on the lower surface of the heating layer and is fixedly connected to the zirconia ceramic layer;

[0029] The side sealing ceramic layer is annular and seals the side of the zirconia ceramic layer, the heating layer and the thermal insulation structure layer, and is fixedly connected with the zirconia ceramic layer and the thermal insulation structure layer;

[0030] The bottom plate and the top plate have the same structure; the heat-insulating structure layer of the top plate is fixedly connected to the rolling control component, and the outer surface of the side edge-sealing ceramic layer of the top plate abuts against the auxiliary control component.

[0031] Furthermore, the rolling and rubbing control component includes:

[0032] A rotation drive mechanism is arranged on the upper part of the top plate, and its rotation axis is perpendicular to the lower surface of the top plate;

[0033] A telescopic connecting frame with a guide, the head end of which is hinged to the rotating part of the rotating drive mechanism, the hinged rotation direction is perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the telescopic connecting frame and the rotating axis of the rotating drive mechanism, the tail end of the telescopic connecting frame is hinged to the thermal insulation mechanism layer of the top plate, the hinged rotation direction is perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the telescopic connecting frame and the rotating axis of the rotating drive mechanism;

[0034] The telescopic electric cylinder is arranged in the telescopic connecting frame, and its two ends are respectively connected to the two ends of the telescopic connecting frame to control the extension and contraction of the telescopic connecting frame.

[0035] Furthermore, the pressurizing component comprises:

[0036] A plurality of pressure columns are vertically arranged on the upper surface of the thermal insulation structure layer of the top plate;

[0037] A plurality of pressure plates are respectively sleeved on the pressure columns.

[0038] Further, the outer contour of the top plate is circular;

[0039] The auxiliary control assembly includes at least three groups of control parts, which are evenly distributed in a circle around the center of the top plate on the outside of the top plate; the control parts include:

[0040] Auxiliary electric cylinder, pointing to the top plate;

[0041] An articulated frame, one end of which is articulated with the telescopic end of the auxiliary electric cylinder;

[0042] Two rollers are rotatably arranged on the hinged frame, and the rolling surfaces of the two rollers are directly facing the outer surface of the upper edge sealing ceramic layer of the top plate;

[0043] The heat preservation unit comprises:

[0044] The centralized hopper is funnel-shaped, with its open end facing the discharge port of the heating furnace unit. A discharge channel formed by a plurality of mutually parallel partitions is provided at the tail of the centralized hopper; the discharge channel is arranged obliquely downward; the end of the discharge channel is horizontally facing the feed notch on the sealing ring;

[0045] An insulating shell with electric heating is wrapped around the outside of the centralized hopper;

[0046] The outer side profile of the side edge sealing ceramic layer of the top plate is an inverted trapezoid, and the rolling surface profile of the roller matches the outer side profile of the side edge sealing ceramic layer of the top plate.

[0047] The method for using the wear-resistant steel ball heat treatment annealing system comprises the following steps:

[0048] The wear-resistant steel balls are placed in the heating furnace unit for heating, and the side edge sealing ceramic layer of the top plate is controlled to cover the discharge channel;

[0049] The heated wear-resistant steel balls are placed in a heat preservation unit, and the residual stress and phase change stress on the surface of the wear-resistant steel balls are released;

[0050] The vertical cylinder is controlled to extend until the first wear-resistant steel ball in the discharge channel rolls into the bottom plate, and at the same time, the top plate is controlled to move toward the heat preservation unit so that the side edge sealing ceramic layer of the top plate supports the second wear-resistant steel ball in the original discharge channel; after the first wear-resistant steel ball rolls to a predetermined length in the bottom plate, the vertical cylinder is controlled to shorten, and the top plate presses the first wear-resistant steel ball to stop it from rolling; this step is repeated until all the wear-resistant steel balls in the heat preservation unit enter the bottom plate, and each wear-resistant steel ball is spaced apart from each other;

[0051] Control the heating layer of the bottom plate and top plate to heat the wear-resistant steel balls;

[0052] Control the vertical cylinder to shorten so that the height difference between the end face of the sealing ring and the bottom plate is smaller than the diameter of the wear-resistant steel ball. Then, control the top plate to move along the torsion spring line path to squeeze and roll the wear-resistant steel ball.

[0053] After the extrusion and rolling are completed, the vertical cylinder is controlled to extend so that the height between the end face of the sealing ring and the bottom plate is equal to the diameter of the wear-resistant steel ball or is within the allowable error range, and the top plate is controlled to move along the torsion spring line path to shape and roll the wear-resistant steel ball;

[0054] After the shaping and rolling is completed, the vertical cylinder is controlled to shorten again, and then the top plate is controlled to move toward the discharge gap of the sealing ring, driving the wear-resistant steel balls to roll out from the bottom plate.

[0055] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0056] 1. During the heating process of the wear-resistant steel ball, first heat it to release some of the residual stress. After the residual stress is partially released, apply extrusion pressure toward the center of the circle to each area on the surface of the wear-resistant steel ball by extrusion and rolling, forcing the wear-resistant steel ball to deform, and quickly and thoroughly release the remaining residual stress inside it, while promoting the release of phase change stress.

[0057] 2. After the internal and surface stress of the wear-resistant steel ball is released, the surface of the wear-resistant steel ball is deformed and flattened by shaping and rolling to improve the roundness of the sphere. In this process, in addition to changing the shape of the wear-resistant steel ball by rolling, the surface of the wear-resistant steel ball is also extruded to form a forging process effect to improve the strength of the wear-resistant steel ball.

[0058] 3. During the rolling and rubbing process of the wear-resistant steel balls, the temperature of the wear-resistant steel balls is controlled by the ball rubbing shape control equipment to achieve heating and cooling. During the heating process, the internal stress can be released more quickly to shorten the heating time used in the annealing process; during the cooling process, the collapse and deformation of the shaped wear-resistant steel balls due to gravity in the high temperature state can be reduced.

[0059] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be set forth in part in the following description and, in part, will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on an examination of the following or may be taught from the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0060] The accompanying drawings of the present invention are as follows:

[0061] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the wear-resistant steel ball heat treatment annealing system in the embodiment.

[0062] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle.

[0063] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at B in the middle.

[0064] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the heat preservation unit and the ball-rubbing shape-controlling device in the embodiment.

[0065] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point C in the middle.

[0066] Figure 6 It is a front view schematic diagram of the rolling line formed after the bottom plate and the top plate roll a group of wear-resistant steel balls in the embodiment.

[0067] Figure 7 It is a top view schematic diagram of the rolling line of the top plate on the surface of the wear-resistant steel ball after the bottom plate and the top plate roll a group of wear-resistant steel balls in the embodiment.

[0068] In the figure: 1. heating furnace unit; 21. centralized hopper; 22. partition; 23. insulation shell; 4. bottom plate; 5. sealing ring; 51. feed notch; 52. discharge notch; 53. insulation layer; 6. vertical cylinder; 7. top plate; 81. rotation drive mechanism; 82. telescopic connecting frame; 83. telescopic electric cylinder; 91. pressure column; 92. pressure plate; 101. auxiliary electric cylinder; 102. articulated frame; 103. roller; 201. zirconia ceramic layer; 202. heating layer; 203. insulation structure layer; 204. side sealing ceramic layer; 300. wear-resistant steel ball. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0070] Example:

[0071] like Figure 1-5 As shown, a wear-resistant steel ball 300 heat treatment annealing system includes a heating furnace unit 1, a heat preservation unit, and a ball rubbing and shaping device with heating connected in sequence; the ball rubbing and shaping device includes:

[0072] A bottom plate 4 with a heating function, the upper surface of which is horizontal;

[0073] The sealing ring 5 is arranged on the outer side of the bottom plate 4, and forms a box shape with the bottom plate 4 opening upward; the inner side of the sealing ring 5 is seamlessly fitted with the outer side of the bottom plate 4; the upper surface of the sealing ring 5 is horizontal; a feed notch 51 and a discharge notch 52 are arranged on the side of the sealing ring 5; the feed notch 51 is directly opposite to the discharge port of the heat preservation unit; and a heat preservation layer 53 is arranged on the outer side of the sealing ring 5;

[0074] A plurality of vertical cylinders 6 are arranged on the lower end surface of the sealing ring 5, and the height difference between the upper end surface of the sealing ring 5 and the upper surface of the bottom plate 4 is controlled by raising and lowering the telescopic ends thereof;

[0075] The top plate 7 with heating function has a horizontal lower surface and falls on the upper surface of the sealing ring 5;

[0076] The rolling and rubbing control component is connected to the top plate 7 and controls the top plate 7 to move arbitrarily on the upper surface of the sealing ring 5;

[0077] A pressurizing assembly is evenly arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate 4;

[0078] The auxiliary control component is arranged at the edge of the top plate 7 to assist the movement of the top plate 7 .

[0079] The heating furnace unit 1 adopts a conventional chain heating furnace, and the pressurizing assembly provides additional downward pressure to the top plate 7 other than gravity.

[0080] In this embodiment, the bottom plate 4 includes:

[0081] The zirconia ceramic layer 201 has a smooth upper surface;

[0082] The heating layer 202 is arranged on the lower surface of the zirconia ceramic layer; the heating comprises a plurality of electromagnetic heating induction coils arranged at even intervals;

[0083] The heat-insulating structure layer 203 is arranged on the lower surface of the heating layer 202 and is fixedly connected to the zirconia ceramic layer 201;

[0084] The side sealing ceramic layer 204 is annular and seals the side of the zirconia ceramic layer 201, the heating layer 202 and the thermal insulation structure layer 203, and is fixedly connected to the zirconia ceramic layer 201 and the thermal insulation structure layer 203;

[0085] The bottom plate 4 and the top plate 7 have the same structure; the heat-insulating structure layer 203 of the top plate 7 is fixedly connected to the rolling control assembly, and the outer surface of the side edge-sealing ceramic layer 204 of the top plate 7 abuts against the auxiliary control assembly.

[0086] Zirconia ceramics have a high hardness and can be squeezed against the surface of the high-temperature wear-resistant steel ball 300. At the same time, it has a good thermal insulation performance, which can reduce heat loss and will not interfere with the magnetic field of the electromagnetic heating induction coil. The surface of the wear-resistant steel ball 300 located at the bottom of the top plate 7 can be heated by more electromagnetic heating induction coils, so that the wear-resistant steel ball 300 is maintained or increased within a specified temperature range; the thermal insulation structure layer 203 is composed of thermal insulation materials and a structural skeleton, which improves the structural strength and reduces heat loss.

[0087] In this embodiment, the rolling and rubbing control component includes:

[0088] The rotation driving mechanism 81 is arranged on the upper part of the top plate 7, and its rotation axis is perpendicular to the lower surface of the top plate 7;

[0089] The telescopic connecting frame 82 with a guide has its head end hinged to the rotating part of the rotating drive mechanism 81, and the hinged rotation direction is perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the telescopic connecting frame 82 and the rotation axis of the rotating drive mechanism 81; the tail end of the telescopic connecting frame is hinged to the heat preservation mechanism layer of the top plate 7, and the hinged rotation direction is perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the telescopic connecting frame 82 and the rotation axis of the rotating drive mechanism 81;

[0090] The telescopic electric cylinder 83 is arranged in the telescopic connecting frame 82 , and its two ends are respectively connected to the two ends of the telescopic connecting frame 82 to control the extension and contraction of the telescopic connecting frame 82 .

[0091] The telescopic electric cylinder 83 can realize the rotation radius of the top plate 7 around the rotation axis of the rotating drive mechanism 81; the telescopic connecting frame 82 can ensure the transmission of force, and its hinged method can ensure that the lifting and lowering process of the top plate 7 will not affect the rotating drive mechanism 81.

[0092] In this embodiment, the pressurizing component includes:

[0093] A plurality of pressurizing columns 91 are vertically arranged on the upper surface of the thermal insulation structure layer 203 of the top plate 7;

[0094] A plurality of pressure plates 92 are respectively mounted on the pressure columns 91 .

[0095] By setting different numbers of pressure plates 92 , the extrusion force of the top plate 7 corresponding to the wear-resistant steel balls 300 can be adjusted.

[0096] In this embodiment, the outer contour of the top plate 7 is circular;

[0097] The auxiliary control assembly includes at least three groups of control parts, which are evenly distributed around the center of the top plate 7 on the outside of the top plate 7; the control parts include:

[0098] Auxiliary electric cylinder 101, pointing to top plate 7;

[0099] An articulated frame 102, one end of which is articulated with the telescopic end of the auxiliary electric cylinder 101;

[0100] Two rollers 103 are rotatably arranged on the hinge frame 102, and the rolling surfaces of the two rollers 103 face the outer surface of the edge-sealing ceramic layer 204 on the top plate 7;

[0101] The heat preservation unit comprises:

[0102] The centralizing hopper 21 is funnel-shaped, with its open end facing the discharge port of the heating furnace unit 1. A discharge channel formed by a plurality of mutually parallel partitions 22 is provided at the tail of the centralizing hopper 21; the discharge channel is arranged obliquely downward; the end of the discharge channel is horizontally facing the feed notch 51 on the sealing ring 5;

[0103] An electrically heated heat-insulating shell 23 is wrapped around the outside of the centralized hopper;

[0104] The outer side profile of the side edge sealing ceramic layer 204 of the top plate 7 is an inverted trapezoid, and the rolling surface profile of the roller 103 matches the outer side profile of the side edge sealing ceramic layer 204 of the top plate 7 .

[0105] The articulated frame 102 and the auxiliary electric cylinder 101 can ensure that the surface of the roller 103 is always in contact with the side edge sealing ceramic on the top plate 7, so that the auxiliary force of the auxiliary electric cylinder 101 can be applied to the top plate 7 to assist the displacement of the top plate 7, reduce the torque on the telescopic connecting frame 82, and reduce the power of the rotating drive mechanism 81.

[0106] The structural design of the centralized hopper 21 and the side edge sealing ceramics on the top plate 7 can control the wear-resistant steel balls 300 to enter the bottom plate 4 in batches with a fixed gap by controlling the lifting and displacement of the top plate 7, thereby achieving the processing of multiple wear-resistant steel balls 300 at one time without causing the multiple wear-resistant steel balls 300 to stick to each other and affect the processing effect.

[0107] In this embodiment, a steel material with a chromium content exceeding 14% is used to produce a wear-resistant steel ball 300 with a diameter of 120 mm after hot rolling. The steps of heat treatment of the wear-resistant steel ball 300 using the heat treatment annealing system of the wear-resistant steel ball 300 are as follows:

[0108] The wear-resistant steel ball 300 is placed in a heating furnace and heated to 800 degrees Celsius in a step-by-step heating manner, and the temperature is maintained for 2 hours;

[0109] The wear-resistant steel balls 300 are pushed into the heat preservation unit through the conveyor belt. After entering the heat preservation unit, they roll into the discharge channel separated by the partitions 22 under the action of gravity until their surfaces contact the side sealing ceramics of the top plate 7, so that they are forced to stop in the heat preservation unit. The heat preservation unit ensures that the temperature of the wear-resistant steel balls 300 is maintained at about 800 degrees Celsius through electrical heating.

[0110] After the residual stress and phase change stress on the surface of the wear-resistant steel ball 300 are released, the electromagnetic heating induction coils in the top plate 7 and the bottom plate 4 are energized, and the vertical cylinder 6 is controlled to rise, so that the lower surface of the top plate 7 exceeds the top of the wear-resistant steel ball 300 at the tail end of the discharge channel. At this time, the wear-resistant steel ball 300 rolls into the bottom plate 4 under the push of other wear-resistant steel balls 300 in the slope; at the same time, the rotating drive mechanism 81 works to move the top plate 7 toward the insulation unit, so that when the first wear-resistant steel ball 300 at the tail rolls into the bottom plate 4, the second wear-resistant steel ball 300 at the tail is limited and cannot roll downward. Figure 3 As shown, there will not be a situation where multiple wear-resistant steel balls 300 roll in continuously and the wear-resistant steel balls 300 stick to each other.

[0111] When the first wear-resistant steel ball 300 entering the bottom plate 4 rolls to a predetermined position, the vertical cylinder 6 is controlled to shorten. At this time, the top plate 7 presses down the first wear-resistant steel ball 300 entering the bottom plate 4 to stop it, thereby completing the position control of the wear-resistant steel ball 300.

[0112] Repeat the above operation to allow the wear-resistant steel balls 300 to enter the base plate 4 in batches, and control the position of each batch of wear-resistant steel balls 300 in the base plate 4 through the vertical cylinder 6 until all the wear-resistant steel balls 300 in the insulation unit enter the base plate 4. In this way, the feeding of the wear-resistant steel balls 300 is completed, and it is ensured that each wear-resistant steel ball 300 is spaced from the other wear-resistant steel balls 300 and does not affect each other.

[0113] The vertical cylinder 6 is controlled to be shortened so that the height difference between the top of the sealing ring 5 and the bottom plate 4 is smaller than the diameter of the wear-resistant steel ball 300, which is 120 mm.

[0114] At this time, the gravity of the top plate 7 and the pressure component squeeze the wear-resistant steel ball 300, control the rotation drive mechanism 81 to work, drive the top plate 7 to rotate around the axis of the rotation drive mechanism 81, and roll the wear-resistant steel ball 300. At the same time, the telescopic electric cylinder 83 is controlled to extend and retract, and the rolling line is controlled to form a hemispherical spring shape on the surface of the wear-resistant steel ball 300. The interval between the rolling lines in each group of rolling is the arc length of 1° on the surface of the wear-resistant steel ball 300. During the movement of the top plate 7, the auxiliary electric cylinders 101 of the three control units work synchronously and cooperatively to assist in applying external force to the displacement of the top plate 7, which not only reduces the burden on the telescopic connecting frame 82 and the rotation drive mechanism 81, but also limits the movement of the top plate 7.

[0115] When one group of rolling and rubbing is completed, the driving mechanism 81 is stopped and only the telescopic electric cylinder 83 is controlled to extend and retract, and the starting point of the next group of rolling and rubbing lines is changed. In this way, multiple groups of rolling and rubbing are completed, and the starting points of the rolling and rubbing lines of all rolling and rubbing groups are distributed in a manner that the center is the starting point and spreads evenly to the periphery, that is, the starting point of the first group of rolling and rubbing lines is the center, and all the rolling and rubbing groups are completed in a uniform circle with a certain distance and a center as the center. The angle between the starting point of the rolling and rubbing line of each group of rolling and rubbing groups and the starting point of the rolling and rubbing line of any adjacent rolling and rubbing group and the circle of the wear-resistant steel ball 300 is the same, and is 45 degrees; in this way, one round of extrusion and rubbing is completed. During the extrusion and rubbing process, the temperature of the wear-resistant steel ball 300 is controlled to be between 840 and 860 degrees Celsius.

[0116] Repeat the above extrusion and rolling to complete the second round of extrusion and rolling, and then enter the shaping rolling after completion.

[0117] The shaping rolling is roughly the same as the extrusion rolling, except that the vertical cylinder 6 is controlled to rise so that the height difference between the end face of the sealing ring 5 and the surface of the base plate 4 is exactly 119 mm, and the interval between the rolling lines in each group of rolling does not exceed the arc length of 1° on the surface of the wear-resistant steel ball 300, and the angle between the starting points of the rolling lines of two adjacent groups of rolling and the circle of the wear-resistant steel ball 300 does not exceed 5 degrees.

[0118] Two sets of shaping and rolling are performed in the same manner. During the shaping and rolling process, the temperature of the wear-resistant steel ball 300 is controlled between 850 and 860 degrees Celsius.

[0119] After the shaping and rolling is completed, the power of the electromagnetic heating induction coils in the bottom plate 4 and the top plate 7 is controlled to be slowly reduced, and the wear-resistant steel ball 300 is controlled to be slowly cooled down. While cooling down, the wear-resistant steel ball 300 is continued to be shaped and rolled, and the vertical cylinder 6 is controlled at the same time, so that the height difference between the end face of the sealing ring 5 and the surface of the bottom plate 4 is exactly 120mm.

[0120] After the temperature of the wear-resistant steel ball 300 drops to 350 degrees Celsius, the vertical cylinder 6 is controlled so that the height difference between the end face of the sealing ring 5 and the surface of the base plate 4 is less than 120 mm. At the same time, the rotating drive mechanism 81 and the telescopic electric cylinder 83 are controlled to move in coordination to control the wear-resistant steel ball 300 to roll toward the discharge notch 52 of the sealing ring 5 to complete the discharge. After the rolling is completed, the wear-resistant steel ball 300 is naturally cooled and annealed.

[0121] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for heat treatment annealing of wear-resistant steel balls, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The wear-resistant steel ball is heated until it is deformed; The wear-resistant steel ball is placed in a heated ball rubbing and shaping device, and the surface of the wear-resistant steel ball is squeezed and rolled. During the extrusion and rolling process, the ball rubbing and shaping device generates heat to ensure that the temperature of the wear-resistant steel ball does not decrease. During the extrusion and rolling process, the extrusion height is less than the diameter of the wear-resistant steel ball. After extrusion and rolling, the wear-resistant steel balls are continuously shaped and rolled using a heated ball-rubbing and shape-controlling device. During the shaping and rolling process, the ball-rubbing and shape-controlling device generates heat to ensure that the temperature of the wear-resistant steel balls does not decrease. During the shaping and rolling process, the extrusion height is equal to the diameter of the wear-resistant steel balls or is within the allowable error range. The heated ball rubbing and shaping control equipment stops heating and continues to shape and rub until the temperature of the wear-resistant steel balls drops to a predetermined temperature. The wear-resistant steel balls are then discharged from the heated ball rubbing and shaping control equipment, and then allowed to cool down slowly to complete the annealing treatment.

2. The heat treatment annealing method of wear-resistant steel ball according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the step of "heating the wear-resistant steel ball until deformation occurs", there is also the following step: transferring the wear-resistant steel ball to a heat-insulating environment until the residual stress and phase change stress on the surface of the wear-resistant steel ball are released.

3. The heat treatment annealing method of wear-resistant steel ball according to claim 1, characterized in that: During extrusion rolling and shaping rolling, the hemispherical surface of the wear-resistant steel ball is used as the contour surface for spiral extension rolling, and the rolling line becomes a hemispherical spring shape.

4. The heat treatment annealing method of wear-resistant steel ball according to claim 3, characterized in that: During extrusion rolling and shaping rolling, the rolling line from the starting point to the completion of the hemispherical spring shape is a group of rolling, and the starting points of the rolling lines of all rolling groups are evenly distributed from the center to the periphery, and the angle between the starting point of the rolling line of each rolling group and the starting point of the rolling line of any adjacent rolling group and the circle of the wear-resistant steel ball is the same; During extrusion rolling, the interval between the rolling lines in each group of rolling is the arc length of 1 to 3 degrees on the surface of the wear-resistant steel ball, and the angle between the starting points of the rolling lines of two adjacent groups of rolling and the circle of the wear-resistant steel ball is not less than 30 degrees; the number of rolling groups shall not be less than 20; During shaping rolling, the interval between the rolling lines in each group of rolling shall not exceed the arc length of 1° on the surface of the wear-resistant steel ball, and the angle formed by the starting points of the rolling lines of two adjacent groups of rolling and the circle of the wear-resistant steel ball shall not exceed 5 degrees.

5. The heat treatment annealing method of wear-resistant steel ball according to claim 4, characterized in that: After the extrusion rolling and shaping rolling are completed, the extrusion rolling and shaping rolling are performed again; the second extrusion rolling and shaping rolling are repeated along the path of the first extrusion rolling and shaping rolling.

6. A wear-resistant steel ball heat treatment annealing system, characterized in that: It includes a heating furnace unit, a heat preservation unit, and a ball-rubbing and shape-controlling device with heating, which are connected in sequence; the ball-rubbing and shape-controlling device includes: Heated bottom plate with horizontal upper surface; The sealing ring is arranged on the outer side of the bottom plate, and forms a box shape with the bottom plate opening upward; the inner side of the sealing ring is seamlessly fitted with the outer side of the bottom plate; the upper surface of the sealing ring is horizontal; the side of the sealing ring is provided with a feed notch and a discharge notch; the feed notch is directly opposite to the discharge port of the heat preservation unit; the outer side of the sealing ring is provided with a heat preservation layer; A plurality of vertical cylinders are arranged on the lower end surface of the sealing ring, and the height difference between the upper end surface of the sealing ring and the upper surface of the bottom plate is controlled by raising and lowering the telescopic end thereof; A top plate with heating function, with a horizontal lower surface, resting on the upper surface of the sealing ring; The rolling and rubbing control component is connected to the top plate to control the top plate to move arbitrarily on the upper surface of the sealing ring; A pressurizing assembly is evenly arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate; The auxiliary control component is arranged on the edge of the top plate to assist the movement of the top plate.

7. The wear-resistant steel ball heat treatment annealing system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom plate comprises: Zirconia ceramic layer, smooth upper surface; A heating layer is arranged on the lower surface of the zirconia ceramic layer; the heating comprises a plurality of electromagnetic heating induction coils arranged at even intervals; The heat-insulating structural layer is arranged on the lower surface of the heating layer and is fixedly connected to the zirconia ceramic layer; The side sealing ceramic layer is annular, seals the side of the zirconia ceramic layer, the heating layer, and the thermal insulation structure layer, and is fixedly connected to the zirconia ceramic layer and the thermal insulation structure layer; The bottom plate and the top plate have the same structure; the heat-insulating structure layer of the top plate is fixedly connected to the rolling control component, and the outer surface of the side edge-sealing ceramic layer of the top plate abuts against the auxiliary control component.

8. The wear-resistant steel ball heat treatment annealing system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rolling and rubbing control component comprises: A rotation drive mechanism is arranged on the upper part of the top plate, and its rotation axis is perpendicular to the lower surface of the top plate; A telescopic connecting frame with a guide, the head end of which is hinged to the rotating part of the rotating drive mechanism, the hinged rotation direction is perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the telescopic connecting frame and the rotating axis of the rotating drive mechanism, the tail end of the telescopic connecting frame is hinged to the thermal insulation mechanism layer of the top plate, the hinged rotation direction is perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the telescopic connecting frame and the rotating axis of the rotating drive mechanism; The telescopic electric cylinder is arranged in the telescopic connecting frame, and its two ends are respectively connected to the two ends of the telescopic connecting frame to control the extension and contraction of the telescopic connecting frame.

9. The wear-resistant steel ball heat treatment annealing system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pressurizing component comprises: A plurality of pressure columns are vertically arranged on the upper surface of the thermal insulation structure layer of the top plate; A plurality of pressure plates are respectively sleeved on the pressure columns; The outer contour of the top plate is circular; The auxiliary control assembly includes at least three groups of control parts, which are evenly distributed in a circle around the center of the top plate on the outside of the top plate; the control parts include: Auxiliary electric cylinder, pointing to the top plate; An articulated frame, one end of which is articulated with the telescopic end of the auxiliary electric cylinder; Two rollers are rotatably arranged on the hinged frame, and the rolling surfaces of the two rollers are directly facing the outer surface of the upper edge sealing ceramic layer of the top plate; The heat preservation unit comprises: The centralized hopper is funnel-shaped, with its open end facing the discharge port of the heating furnace unit. The tail of the centralized hopper is provided with a discharge channel formed by a plurality of mutually parallel partitions; the height of the partition does not exceed the radius of the wear-resistant steel ball; the discharge channel is inclined downward; the end of the discharge channel is horizontally facing the feed notch on the sealing ring; An insulating shell with electric heating is wrapped around the outside of the centralized hopper; The outer side profile of the side edge sealing ceramic layer of the top plate is an inverted trapezoid, and the rolling surface profile of the roller matches the outer side profile of the side edge sealing ceramic layer of the top plate.

10. The method for using the wear-resistant steel ball heat treatment annealing system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The wear-resistant steel balls are placed in the heating furnace unit for heating, and the side edge sealing ceramic layer of the top plate is controlled to cover the discharge channel; The heated wear-resistant steel balls are placed in a heat preservation unit, and the residual stress and phase change stress on the surface of the wear-resistant steel balls are released; The vertical cylinder is controlled to extend until the first wear-resistant steel ball in the discharge channel rolls into the bottom plate, and at the same time, the top plate is controlled to move toward the heat preservation unit so that the side edge sealing ceramic layer of the top plate supports the second wear-resistant steel ball in the original discharge channel; after the first wear-resistant steel ball rolls to a predetermined length in the bottom plate, the vertical cylinder is controlled to shorten, and the top plate presses the first wear-resistant steel ball to stop it from rolling; this step is repeated until all the wear-resistant steel balls in the heat preservation unit enter the bottom plate, and each wear-resistant steel ball is spaced apart from each other; Control the heating layer of the bottom plate and top plate to heat the wear-resistant steel balls; Control the vertical cylinder to shorten so that the height difference between the end face of the sealing ring and the bottom plate is smaller than the diameter of the wear-resistant steel ball. Then, control the top plate to move along the torsion spring line path to squeeze and roll the wear-resistant steel ball. After the extrusion and rolling are completed, the vertical cylinder is controlled to extend so that the height between the end face of the sealing ring and the bottom plate is equal to the diameter of the wear-resistant steel ball or is within the allowable error range, and the top plate is controlled to move along the torsion spring line path to shape and roll the wear-resistant steel ball; After the shaping and rolling is completed, the vertical cylinder is controlled to shorten again, and then the top plate is controlled to move toward the discharge gap of the sealing ring, driving the wear-resistant steel balls to roll out from the bottom plate.

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