Device and method for transplanting and fixing seedlings on bare seedling film

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and method for fixing seedlings for transplanting bare seedlings on film, belonging to the technical field of transplanting bare seedlings on film, comprising a frame, loosening wheels and special-shaped soil gathering plates are fixedly arranged on both sides of the frame, a special-shaped soil covering cylinder is fixedly arranged under the frame, and the special-shaped soil covering cylinder is placed between the special-shaped soil gathering plates on both sides; the special-shaped soil gathering plate is arranged toward the special-shaped soil covering cylinder, and a plurality of fan-shaped pieces are fixedly arranged on the inner side of the plate surface of the special-shaped soil gathering plate; the special-shaped soil covering cylinder comprises a middle cylinder body, both ends of the middle cylinder body are connected to the soil receiving plate, a plurality of special-shaped blades are fixedly arranged on the inner side of the soil receiving plate, the special-shaped blades extend inwardly from the end surface of the soil receiving plate to the inner side of the middle cylinder body, and a plurality of soil leakage holes are provided on the outer periphery of the middle cylinder body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of bare seedling transplanting on film, and particularly relates to a bare seedling transplanting and fixing seedling device and method on film. Background Art

[0002] The statements herein merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Taking the transplanting of bare sweet potato seedlings on film as an example, at present, the work of transplanting sweet potato seedlings on film has gradually been replaced by automatic or semi-automatic machinery from traditional complex manual operations. This type of transplanting machinery is mainly finger-clamp type, chain-clamp type and duckbill type. Due to the particularity of the mechanized transplanting device and principle, it is difficult to ensure the planting quality of potato seedlings during transplanting on film. Especially in windy and arid areas, after transplanting on film, it is necessary to cover the film openings around the potato seedlings with soil to prevent the film from being damaged and losing its heat-insulating and moisture-retaining function.

[0004] At present, most transplanters have large membrane openings after transplanting bare seedlings. The soil at the membrane openings around the bare seedlings has very poor fluidity under the membrane. There is only a pressing wheel at the rear of the transplanter, and the membrane openings cannot be covered with soil. In order for the transplanter to be recognized and accepted by users, a soil covering device must be designed on the transplanter.

[0005] At present, the main suppression method is global suppression, which is mainly suitable for operations such as ridge formation and sowing. For transplanting, suppression is mostly used on both sides of the seedlings to avoid suppressing the seedlings. When the suppression wheel is used improperly, it is easy to cause damage to the transplanting ridge. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for transplanting and fixing bare seedlings on film, which can partially cover the seedlings with soil, thereby helping to reduce damage to the ridge body and avoid excessive compaction of the soil.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a bare seedling transplanting and fixing seedling device on a film, comprising a frame, loosening wheels and a special-shaped soil-collecting plate are fixedly arranged on both sides of the frame, a special-shaped soil-covering cylinder is fixedly arranged below the frame, and the special-shaped soil-covering cylinder is placed between the special-shaped soil-collecting plates on both sides;

[0009] The special-shaped soil-accumulating plate is arranged toward the special-shaped soil-covering cylinder, and a plurality of fan-shaped plates are fixedly arranged on the inner side of the plate surface of the special-shaped soil-accumulating plate;

[0010] The special-shaped soil covering cylinder comprises a middle cylinder body, both ends of which are connected to a soil receiving plate, a plurality of special-shaped blades are fixedly arranged on the inner side of the soil receiving plate, the special-shaped blades extend inwardly from the end surface of the soil receiving plate to the inner side of the middle cylinder body, and a plurality of soil leakage holes are arranged on the outer periphery of the middle cylinder body.

[0011] As a further technical solution, the special-shaped soil covering cylinder can rotate in a vertical plane, and a plurality of special-shaped blades are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the inner side of the soil receiving plate; the radial dimension of the middle cylinder is smaller than the radial dimension of the soil receiving plate, and the soil receiving plate and the middle cylinder are smoothly connected; the middle cylinder is horizontally arranged, one end of the soil receiving plate is open, and the other end of the soil receiving plate is provided with an opening connected to the middle cylinder.

[0012] As a further technical solution, the special-shaped blade is a curved flat plate, the inner side of the special-shaped blade contacts the inner wall of the soil receiving plate and the inner wall of the middle cylinder, and the outer curve of the special-shaped blade is a cubic parabola.

[0013] As a further technical solution, the longitudinal inclination of the special-shaped blade and the angle between the parallel line of the central axis of the special-shaped covering tube are 90±5°, the outer end of the special-shaped blade is aligned with the outer edge of the soil receiving plate and tilted laterally, and the lateral inclination angle is 60±5°.

[0014] As a further technical solution, the special-shaped soil gathering disk can rotate in a vertical plane, and the special-shaped soil gathering disk is arranged on the rear side of the loosening wheel; the disk surface of the special-shaped soil gathering disk is a conical surface, the special-shaped soil gathering disk is inclined, and the special-shaped soil gathering disk has an angle with the axis of the special-shaped soil covering cylinder, and the angle of the special-shaped soil gathering disk and the distance between the special-shaped soil gathering disk and the special-shaped soil covering cylinder are adjustable.

[0015] As a further technical solution, a plurality of fan-shaped pieces are evenly distributed along the circumference of the surface of the special-shaped soil-accumulating disk; the fan-shaped pieces are inclined, and the angle between the tangent plane where the fan-shaped piece and the surface of the special-shaped soil-accumulating disk meet is 55±5°, and the angle between the fan-shaped piece and the radial normal plane of the special-shaped soil-accumulating disk is 35±5°.

[0016] As a further technical solution, the loosening wheel can rotate in a vertical plane, and the height of the loosening wheel is adjustable; the loosening wheel includes a rotating shaft, and a plurality of blade mounting plates are fixedly arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and a plurality of loosening blades are fixedly arranged on the blade mounting plates, and the loosening blades of adjacent blade mounting plates are staggered.

[0017] As a further technical solution, a plurality of blade mounting plates are fixed to the rotating shaft in sequence at intervals; the loosening blade is an angled plate structure, one end of which is fixedly connected to the blade mounting plate, and the other end is suspended and bent along the axial direction of the rotating shaft;

[0018] The bending direction of the loosening blades on some blade mounting plates faces the first direction, and the bending direction of the loosening blades on some blade mounting plates faces the second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are opposite.

[0019] As a further technical solution, soil mounding shovels are fixedly arranged on both sides of the frame, the soil mounding shovels are located behind the special-shaped soil gathering plate and on the lower side of the special-shaped soil covering cylinder; the inner edge of the soil mounding shovel is arc-shaped and consistent with the circumferential shape of the edge of the special-shaped soil covering cylinder; a support wheel is fixedly arranged at the rear of the soil mounding shovel.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a working method of the bare seedling film transplanting and fixing seedling device as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0021] The frame is pulled on the ridge and moves along the direction of the ridge. The loosening wheels are located at the furrows on both sides of the ridge. The loosening wheels rotate at the furrows to loosen the soil.

[0022] The special-shaped soil collecting plate gathers the loosened soil to the two sides of the special-shaped soil covering cylinder, and the soil pile shovel collects the part of soil missed after the special-shaped soil collecting plate gathers the soil, and the collected soil returns to the special-shaped soil covering cylinder;

[0023] When the special-shaped soil covering cylinder rolls on the ridge under traction, the soil will be transported to the middle cylinder of the special-shaped soil covering cylinder as the special-shaped blades rotate, and the soil will fall through the soil leakage holes to the longitudinal center line of the soil ridge, completing the soil covering work for the transplanted seedlings on the ridge.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0025] The device for transplanting and fixing seedlings on film for bare seedlings of the present invention loosens the soil on the side of the ridge by a loosening wheel, and the loosened soil is collected to the side of the special-shaped soil-covering cylinder through a special-shaped soil-collecting disk, and then the soil falls onto the ridge through the soil leakage holes driven by the special-shaped soil-covering cylinder, thereby completing the soil covering work for the transplanted potato seedlings, protecting the ground film, and ensuring its heat preservation and moisture retention effects.

[0026] In the bare seedling transplanting and fixing seedling device on film of the present invention, the special-shaped blades of the special-shaped soil covering cylinder can drive the soil to move into the middle cylinder during the rotation process, and the soil leakage holes arranged on the outer periphery of the middle cylinder can allow the soil to fall onto the longitudinal center line of the soil ridge, so as to partially cover the seedlings with soil; for transplanting, especially non-direct insertion transplanting, the use of the seedling partial soil covering technology is beneficial to reducing the damage to the ridge body and avoiding excessive compaction of the soil, which can realize the sustainable production of crops and is beneficial to the moisture conservation of farmland soil.

[0027] The device for transplanting and fixing seedlings on bare seedling film of the present invention has adjustable height of loosening wheel, adjustable angle of special-shaped soil collecting disc and adjustable distance between the disc and special-shaped soil covering cylinder, which can adjust the position of each working component and improve the adaptability of the machine to different field operation environments. The device can be used in conjunction with various existing machines to enhance the local operation effect, such as transplanting machine cooperation, ridging and film covering and other tillage operation machines, and has wide adaptability.

[0028] The working method of the bare seedling transplanting and fixing seedling device on film of the present invention can cover the soil locally on the film, with a small covering area and can realize continuous covering operation, and the covering soil is uniform and can avoid damage to the film ridge type; in addition, by installing the frame on the field operation traction tool, the field operation traction tool only needs to provide traction force and provide electricity to the loosening motor to operate, and the operation is simple. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a bare seedling film transplanting and fixing seedling device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic side view of a bare seedling film transplanting and fixing seedling device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a front view schematic diagram of a bare seedling film transplanting and fixing seedling device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4a is a schematic front view of a soil loosening assembly according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4b is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a soil loosening assembly according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4c is a schematic side view of a soil loosening assembly according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5a is a schematic front view of a soil polymer tray assembly according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5b is a perspective schematic diagram of a soil polymer tray assembly according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5c is a schematic side view of a soil polymer tray assembly according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6a is a perspective schematic diagram of a soil covering cylinder assembly according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6b is a schematic front view of a soil covering cylinder assembly according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6c is a schematic side view of a soil covering cylinder assembly according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6d is a schematic diagram of a special-shaped blade according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7a is a schematic side view of a support wheel-earth bucket assembly according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7b is a front view schematic diagram of a support wheel-earth bucket assembly according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7c is a perspective schematic diagram of a support wheel-earth bucket assembly according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the working process of the bare seedling film transplanting and fixing seedling device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0047] In the figure: 1. frame, 2. support wheel, 3. soil pile shovel, 4. special-shaped soil gathering plate, 5. loosening wheel, 6. special-shaped soil covering cylinder, 7. cylinder support, 8. motor, 9. soil ridge, 10. sweet potato seedlings;

[0048] 401. axle, 402. vertical tube, 403. horizontal tube, 404. fan-shaped piece;

[0049] 501. rotating shaft, 502. blade mounting plate, 503. loosening blade;

[0050] 601. Middle cylinder, 602. Soil receiving tray, 603. Special-shaped blades, 604. Soil leakage hole.

[0051] In order to show the positions of various parts, the distances or sizes between them are exaggerated and the schematic diagram is for reference only. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0053] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless otherwise explicitly stated in the present invention, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "include" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof;

[0054] For the convenience of description, if the words "up", "down", "left" and "right" appear in the present invention, they only indicate that they are consistent with the up, down, left and right directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0055] Terminology explanation section: If the terms "install", "connect", "connect", "fixed" and the like appear in the present invention, they should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two elements, or an interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0056] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, a bare seedling film transplanting and fixing seedling device is proposed, comprising a frame 1, a supporting wheel 2, a soil heaping shovel 3, a special-shaped soil collecting disc 4, a loosening wheel 5, a special-shaped soil covering cylinder 6, a cylinder bracket 7, and a motor 8. The soil heaping shovel 3, the special-shaped soil collecting disc 4, the loosening wheel 5, and the special-shaped soil covering cylinder 6 are all fixed to the frame 1. When working, the frame 1 can be fixed to a transplanter or a traction machine to drive the entire device to move.

[0057] Among them, the frame 1 is welded from square tubes, and the frame as a whole is in the form of a frame. A traction connector is provided on the top of one side for connecting with a traction machine or a transplanter; a traction connector is also provided at the bottom of the frame for connecting with the barrel bracket 7. The longitudinal beams on both sides of the frame 1 are responsible for connecting with the loosening assembly, the soil collecting plate assembly, and the soil covering barrel assembly.

[0058] Among them, loosening components are fixedly arranged on both sides of the frame 1, and the loosening components include a loosening wheel 5, a motor 8, etc. The loosening wheel 5 and the output shaft of the motor 8 are fixedly connected, and the motor 8 can drive the loosening wheel 5 to rotate. The motor 8 is fixedly installed on the support leg I, the support leg I is vertically arranged, and the top of the support leg I is fixedly connected to the side longitudinal beam of the frame 1.

[0059] The leg I is welded by a square tube and a motor mounting plate, the motor is fixed on the motor mounting plate by bolts and nuts, the top of the square tube is connected to the frame, and a row of bolt locating holes is arranged on the top of the leg I, and the heights of the bolt locating holes are different. By connecting the frame with different bolt locating holes of the leg I, the height of the loosening assembly can be adjusted, so that the operator can adjust the loosening depth of the loosening wheel 5 according to actual conditions.

[0060] The loosening wheel 5 includes a rotating shaft 501, which is connected to the output shaft of the motor 8. The rotating shaft 501 is fixed with a plurality of blade mounting plates 502 along its axial direction. The blade mounting plates 502 are arranged radially along the rotating shaft 501. The blade mounting plates 502 are fixed with a plurality of loosening blades 503, and the loosening blades are evenly distributed around the blade mounting plates. The rotating shaft 501 is arranged horizontally, and the loosening wheel 5 can rotate in a vertical plane.

[0061] Specifically, a plurality of blade mounting plates 502 are fixed to the rotating shaft 501 at intervals in sequence; the loosening blade 503 is an angled plate-like structure having a bent portion, one end of which is fixedly connected to the blade mounting plate 502 and the other end is suspended and bent axially along the rotating shaft 501.

[0062] Among the multiple blade mounting plates, the bending direction of the loosening blades 503 on some blade mounting plates is toward the first direction, and the bending direction of the loosening blades 503 on some blade mounting plates is toward the second direction. The first direction and the second direction are opposite. Therefore, with the setting of the loosening blades bent in opposite directions, the loosening wheel can fully stir the soil surface to ensure the loosening effect.

[0063] The loosening blades 503 of adjacent blade mounting plates 502 are arranged in a staggered manner, that is, the loosening blades 503 of adjacent blade mounting plates 502 have a certain angle.

[0064] The bending direction of the loosening blades is toward the axial center plane of the loosening wheel, and its advantages are: 1. Compared with other bending directions of the blades, this form can reduce the overall space occupied by the loosening wheel, making it convenient to work in a narrow space such as a ridge ditch; 2. The bending of the blades toward the center plane of the loosening wheel can generate inward airflow during the loosening process, which helps to improve soil ventilation and air permeability, which helps to reduce the density of the soil; 3. The bending of the blades toward the center plane of the loosening wheel can cause more blades to disturb the unit volume of soil, reduce the resistance during loosening, and make the loosening process smoother and more efficient; 4. This distributed installation method of the blades is conducive to improving the crushing effect of medium and large soil particles and is conducive to concentrating the force of the loosening wheel.

[0065] In this embodiment, a total of 16 loosening blades are provided, and the loosening blades are fixedly mounted on the blade mounting plate by bolts and nuts. Four blade mounting plates are provided, and each blade mounting plate is evenly fixed with four loosening blades along the circumferential direction. The loosening blades on the blade mounting plate are all bent toward the axial center of the rotating shaft.

[0066] Among them, soil aggregate disc assemblies are fixedly arranged on both sides of the frame 1, and the soil aggregate disc assemblies are arranged on the rear side of the loosening assembly; the soil aggregate disc assembly mainly includes a special-shaped soil aggregate disc 4, a wheel axle 401, etc. The middle part of the special-shaped soil aggregate disc 4 is connected to the wheel axle 401, and the special-shaped soil aggregate disc 4 can rotate around the wheel axle. The special-shaped soil aggregate disc can rotate in a vertical plane. The special-shaped soil aggregate disc is a rotational motion generated by the friction between the machine and the soil when the machine moves forward, which belongs to passive rotation.

[0067] The wheel axle 401 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the vertical tube 402, the top of the vertical tube 402 is connected to the transverse tube 403 through a U-shaped bolt, and the transverse tube 403 is also connected to the side longitudinal beam of the frame 1 through a U-shaped bolt, so that the operator can adjust the lateral extension of the special-shaped soil-aggregating plate 4 according to actual needs, thereby adjusting the distance between the special-shaped soil-aggregating plate and the special-shaped soil-covering cylinder, thereby improving its applicability.

[0068] The wheel axle of the special-shaped aggregate plate 4 can be adjusted to an angle perpendicular to the axis of the vertical tube 402, and the entire aggregate plate can be rotated and adjusted around the axial direction of the vertical tube 402. After the angle of the special-shaped aggregate plate 4 is adjusted, its wheel axle is fixed to the bottom of the vertical tube 402 by tightening bolts to prevent the special-shaped aggregate plate from rotating around the vertical tube.

[0069] By adjusting the angle of the special-shaped soil-collecting plate 4, the lateral width of the machine can be adjusted to meet different ridge spacing requirements. In addition, by adjusting the angle, the amount of soil can also be adjusted, which indirectly affects the amount of soil inside the special-shaped covering tube.

[0070] In an optional embodiment, both the vertical tube 402 and the horizontal tube 403 are square tubes.

[0071] The disc surface of the special-shaped soil-aggregating disc 4 is a conical surface, and the special-shaped soil-aggregating disc 4 is tilted, and the special-shaped soil-aggregating disc 4 has an angle with the traveling direction of the entire device, so that the soil is collected inwardly. The disc surface of the special-shaped soil-aggregating disc 4 is arranged toward the inside.

[0072] A plurality of fan-shaped pieces 404 are fixedly arranged on the inner side of the surface of the special-shaped soil-collecting disk 4, and the plurality of fan-shaped pieces 404 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the surface of the special-shaped soil-collecting disk 4; the fan-shaped pieces 404 are arranged obliquely, and the fan-shaped pieces 404 are arranged from the wheel shaft 401 to the circumferential end face of the special-shaped soil-collecting disk 4, and the angle between the tangent plane where the fan-shaped piece 404 and the surface of the special-shaped soil-collecting disk 4 meet is 55±5°, and the angle between the fan-shaped piece 404 and the radial normal plane of the special-shaped soil-collecting disk 4 is 35±5°. Through the design of such fan-shaped pieces, the special-shaped soil-collecting disk 4 can be more fully disturbed during the rotation work, which is conducive to the collection of soil. The arrangement of such fan-shaped pieces on the inner side of the surface of the special-shaped soil-collecting disk 4 can increase the friction of the soil-collecting disk to a certain extent, so that the friction between the soil and the soil is increased by increasing the effective area when the machine is working, and the rotation efficiency of the soil-collecting disk is promoted. In addition, the installation angle of the fan-shaped plane can move more soil inward during the rotation of the soil-accumulating disc, thereby increasing its soil-accumulating capacity.

[0073] The bottom of the frame 1 is fixed with a soil covering cylinder assembly, which is placed between the soil collecting plate assemblies on both sides; the soil covering cylinder assembly includes a special-shaped soil covering cylinder 6, and both ends of the special-shaped soil covering cylinder 6 are connected to the frame 1 through cylinder brackets 7. The special-shaped soil covering cylinder 6 can rotate in a vertical plane.

[0074] The special-shaped soil covering cylinder 6 includes a middle cylinder body 601, which is arranged horizontally. Both ends of the middle cylinder body are connected to a soil receiving plate 602. One end of the soil receiving plate is open, and the other end of the soil receiving plate is provided with an opening connected to the middle cylinder body 601. A plurality of special-shaped blades 603 are fixedly arranged inside the soil receiving plate.

[0075] The axial direction of the special-shaped soil covering cylinder 6 is perpendicular to the forward direction of the entire device, the axial direction of the soil receiving plate is perpendicular to the forward direction of the entire device, the soil receiving plate and the special-shaped soil gathering plate 4 are opposite and spaced apart, and the soil is gathered from the special-shaped soil gathering plate to the soil receiving plate.

[0076] The radial dimension of the middle cylinder 601 is smaller than that of the soil receiving plate 602, and the soil receiving plate 602 and the middle cylinder 601 are smoothly connected to form a smooth soil conveying channel. The bottom of the middle cylinder corresponds to the position of the soil ridge 9, and the soil receiving plate 602 is correspondingly placed on both sides of the soil ridge.

[0077] A plurality of soil leakage holes 604 are provided on the outer periphery of the axial center of the middle cylinder 601. Soil enters the middle cylinder from the soil receiving plate and then leaks out from the soil leakage holes to the soil ridge for covering.

[0078] A plurality of special-shaped blades 603 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the inner side of the soil receiving plate 602, and the special-shaped blades 603 extend inward from the end surface of the soil receiving plate 602 to the inner side of the middle cylinder 601 to guide the soil to move toward the middle cylinder. In order to guide the soil to the soil leakage hole at the axial center of the middle cylinder, the end of the special-shaped blade can be extended to the axial center of the middle cylinder.

[0079] The special-shaped blade 603 is an irregular curved flat plate. The inner side of the special-shaped blade contacts the inner wall of the soil receiving plate and the inner wall of the middle cylinder. Its shape gradually changes with the inner wall of the soil receiving plate and the middle cylinder. The outer curve of the special-shaped blade conforms to the cubic parabola y=ax 3 The curved shape of the blade makes it fit the inner shape of the soil covering cylinder better under the premise of a certain installation angle, so that the welding gap between the blade and the soil covering cylinder can be reduced during welding.

[0080] The special-shaped blades 603 are tilted. Specifically, the angle between the longitudinal tilt of the special-shaped blades and the parallel line of the central axis of the special-shaped soil covering cylinder 6 is 90±5°. The outer end of the special-shaped blade is aligned with the outer edge of the special-shaped soil covering cylinder 6 (that is, the outer edge of the soil receiving plate 602) and tilted laterally, and the tilt angle is 60±5°, that is, the angle between the tangent plane where the outer end surface of the special-shaped blade and the soil receiving plate meet is 60±5°. The longitudinal tilt of the special-shaped blades as a whole and the parallel line of the central axis of the special-shaped soil covering cylinder 6 is 90±5°, which enables multiple special-shaped blades to form a multi-helical structure on the inner wall of the soil covering cylinder. During the forward rolling process, the rotation of this spiral structure can "move" the soil to the center of the soil covering cylinder. The outer end of the special-shaped blade is aligned with the outer edge of the special-shaped soil covering cylinder 6 (that is, the outer edge of the soil receiving plate 602) and tilted laterally at an angle of 60±5°, so that the special-shaped blade and the inner wall of the soil covering cylinder form a groove. When the mechanism rolls forward, the soil is in this groove and is "moved" to the center of the soil covering cylinder. In short, the angle of 90±5° affects the direction of soil transportation, while the angle of 60±5° affects the amount of soil transportation.

[0081] Among them, the soil-piling shovel 3 is fixedly arranged on both sides of the frame 1, the soil-piling shovel 3 is located behind the special-shaped soil-collecting plate 4 and on the lower side of the special-shaped soil-covering cylinder 6; the soil-piling shovel 3 is fixedly connected to the support leg II, the support leg II is vertically arranged, and the top of the support leg II is fixedly connected to the side longitudinal beam of the frame 1.

[0082] The leg II can be made of a square tube, a wheel axle mounting plate is fixedly arranged at the rear of the lower side of the leg II, the wheel axle mounting plate is fixedly arranged with the wheel axle, and the support wheel 2 is installed on the wheel axle; reinforcing ribs can be arranged at the connection between the leg II and the wheel axle mounting plate.

[0083] The soil-piling shovel 3 is a shovel-type structure, and its inner edge is arc-shaped and consistent with the circumferential shape of the edge of the special-shaped soil-covering cylinder 6, so that the soil in the soil-piling shovel 3 can smoothly enter the special-shaped soil-covering cylinder 6.

[0084] By replacing different components, the device can realize multiple operations such as local loosening of ridges and furrows, local soil covering of transplanted seedlings, soil covering and film pressing on the film, and soil covering and film pressing on the bottom of both sides of the ridges, and is highly economical. Among them, local loosening of ridges and furrows relies on the loosening of the ridges and furrows by the loosening wheel; local soil covering of transplanted seedlings refers to the soil covering of the seedlings when the special-shaped covering cylinder concentrates the soil on the ridges, and the principle of soil covering and film pressing on the film is the same as the local soil covering of the transplanted seedlings, but the working environment is different; soil covering and film pressing on the film is mostly used to cover a layer of soil on the top of the ridge film after the ridge-forming and film-covering device to press the film; soil covering and film pressing on the bottom of both sides of the ridge refers to the soil gathering plate concentrating the soil on the film at the bottom of both sides of the ridge when gathering the soil, and the rear soil pile shovel compacts this part of the soil.

[0085] In another typical embodiment of the present invention, a working method of the bare seedling transplanting and fixing device on film as described above is proposed, which can perform local soil covering operations on the film, including loosening the soil at the bottom of both sides of the ridge, taking soil and transporting it to the top surface and then covering it with soil, etc. By covering the soil at the potato seedling planting line on the longitudinal neutral line on the top surface of the soil ridge, the agronomic requirements of sweet potato transplanting are achieved, and the damage to the ridge is reduced.

[0086] Among them, the method of loosening the soil at the bottom of both sides of the ridge is to carry out shallow soil loosening and crushing operations at the ditches on both sides of the ridge to prepare for subsequent soil transportation.

[0087] Among them, the soil is taken and transported to the top surface and then covered with soil. That is, through the blades inside the special-shaped soil gathering plate and the special-shaped soil covering cylinder, as the special-shaped soil covering cylinder rolls, the internal blades drive the soil to move to the middle of the special-shaped soil covering cylinder, and the soil falls to the longitudinal center line of the top of the ridge through the soil leakage holes.

[0088] Specifically, the specific process of this method is:

[0089] When the machine is working, the frame is fixed to a transplanter or a traction machine, and the whole machine is towed by the transplanter or the traction machine to move along the direction of the soil ridge 9 on the ridge;

[0090] The loosening wheel 5 is located at the furrows on both sides of the soil ridge 9. The motor 8 drives the loosening wheel 5 to rotate at the furrows to loosen the soil. The loosening depth can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0091] Afterwards, the special-shaped soil-gathering disk 4 gathers the loosened soil to both sides of the special-shaped soil-covering cylinder 6. The angle and lateral extension of the special-shaped soil-gathering disk 4 are adjustable. Since fan-shaped pieces are arranged on the inner side of the special-shaped soil-gathering disk 4, its soil-gathering efficiency is much higher than that of a smooth circular disk without fan-shaped pieces. When the amount of soil gathered by the special-shaped soil-gathering disk 4 reaches a certain level, the soil is squeezed to both sides of the special-shaped soil-covering cylinder 6. Since there are special-shaped blades inside the special-shaped soil-covering cylinder 6, when the special-shaped soil-covering cylinder 6 is subjected to traction and rolls on the ridge, the soil will be transported to the center of the special-shaped soil-covering cylinder 6 as the blades rotate, and then the soil will fall through the soil leakage holes at the center of the special-shaped soil-covering cylinder 6 to the longitudinal center line of the soil ridge, completing the soil covering work of the sweet potato seedlings 10 transplanted on the ridge in the early stage.

[0092] The soil-piling shovel 3 is fixedly connected to the support leg II with the support wheel 2. The support leg II is connected to the frame by U-shaped bolts and can be moved forward and backward according to actual work needs. The function of the soil-piling shovel 3 is to collect part of the soil missed after the soil is gathered by the front special-shaped soil-collecting plate 4. The front and rear positions of the soil-piling shovel 3 are adjusted by adjusting the U-shaped bolts so that it is close to the edge of the special-shaped soil-covering cylinder 6, so that the collected soil returns to the special-shaped soil-covering cylinder 6.

[0093] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bare seedling film transplanting and fixing device, characterized in that: It comprises a frame, wherein loosening wheels and special-shaped soil-collecting plates are fixedly arranged on both sides of the frame, and a special-shaped soil-covering cylinder is fixedly arranged under the frame, and the special-shaped soil-covering cylinder is placed between the special-shaped soil-collecting plates on both sides; The special-shaped soil-accumulating plate is arranged toward the special-shaped soil-covering cylinder, and a plurality of fan-shaped plates are fixedly arranged on the inner side of the plate surface of the special-shaped soil-accumulating plate; The special-shaped soil covering cylinder comprises a middle cylinder body, both ends of which are connected to a soil receiving plate, a plurality of special-shaped blades are fixedly arranged on the inner side of the soil receiving plate, the special-shaped blades extend inwardly from the end surface of the soil receiving plate to the inner side of the middle cylinder body, and a plurality of soil leakage holes are arranged on the outer periphery of the middle cylinder body; The special-shaped blade is a curved flat plate, the inner side of the special-shaped blade is in contact with the inner wall of the soil receiving plate and the inner wall of the middle cylinder, and the outer curve of the special-shaped blade is a cubic parabola curve; The longitudinal inclination of the special-shaped blade and the parallel line of the central axis of the special-shaped soil covering cylinder are at an angle of 90±5°, and the outer end of the special-shaped blade is aligned with the outer edge of the soil receiving plate and is laterally inclined, and the lateral inclination angle is 60±5°; The special-shaped soil-collecting disk can rotate in a vertical plane, and the special-shaped soil-collecting disk is arranged on the rear side of the loosening wheel; the disk surface of the special-shaped soil-collecting disk is a conical surface, the special-shaped soil-collecting disk is arranged obliquely, and the special-shaped soil-collecting disk and the axis of the special-shaped soil-covering cylinder have an angle, and the angle of the special-shaped soil-collecting disk and the distance between the special-shaped soil-collecting disk and the special-shaped soil-covering cylinder are adjustable; A soil heaping shovel is fixedly arranged on both sides of the frame, and the soil heaping shovel is located behind the special-shaped soil gathering plate and on the lower side of the special-shaped soil covering cylinder; the inner edge of the soil heaping shovel is arc-shaped and consistent with the circumferential shape of the edge of the special-shaped soil covering cylinder; a supporting wheel is fixedly arranged at the rear of the soil heaping shovel.

2. The bare seedling film transplanting and fixing seedling device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: The special-shaped soil covering cylinder can rotate in a vertical plane, and a plurality of special-shaped blades are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the inner side of the soil receiving plate; the radial dimension of the middle cylinder is smaller than the radial dimension of the soil receiving plate, and the soil receiving plate and the middle cylinder are smoothly connected; the middle cylinder is horizontally arranged, one end of the soil receiving plate is open, and the other end of the soil receiving plate is provided with an opening connected to the middle cylinder.

3. The bare seedling film transplanting and fixing seedling device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of fan-shaped pieces are evenly distributed along the circumference of the surface of the special-shaped soil-aggregating disk; the fan-shaped pieces are inclined, and the angle between the tangent plane where the fan-shaped piece and the surface of the special-shaped soil-aggregating disk meet is 55±5°, and the angle between the fan-shaped piece and the radial normal plane of the special-shaped soil-aggregating disk is 35±5°.

4. The bare seedling film transplanting and fixing seedling device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: The loosening wheel can rotate in a vertical plane, and the height of the loosening wheel is adjustable; the loosening wheel includes a rotating shaft, and a plurality of blade mounting plates are fixedly arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and a plurality of loosening blades are fixedly arranged on the blade mounting plates, and the loosening blades of adjacent blade mounting plates are staggered.

5. The bare seedling film transplanting and fixing seedling device as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: A plurality of blade mounting plates are fixed to the rotating shaft in sequence and at intervals; the loosening blade is an angled plate structure, one end of which is fixedly connected to the blade mounting plate, and the other end is suspended and bent along the axial direction of the rotating shaft; The bending direction of the loosening blades on some blade mounting plates faces the first direction, and the bending direction of the loosening blades on some blade mounting plates faces the second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are opposite.

6. The working method of the bare seedling film transplanting and fixing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The frame is pulled on the ridge and moves along the direction of the ridge. The loosening wheels are located at the furrows on both sides of the ridge. The loosening wheels rotate at the furrows to loosen the soil. The special-shaped soil collecting plate gathers the loosened soil to the two sides of the special-shaped soil covering cylinder, and the soil pile shovel collects the part of soil missed after the special-shaped soil collecting plate gathers the soil, and the collected soil returns to the special-shaped soil covering cylinder; When the special-shaped soil covering cylinder rolls on the ridge under traction, the soil will be transported to the middle cylinder of the special-shaped soil covering cylinder as the special-shaped blades rotate, and the soil will fall through the soil leakage holes to the longitudinal center line of the soil ridge, completing the soil covering work for the transplanted seedlings on the ridge.

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