Pressure vessel anti-cracking welding device and method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of welding devices, and specifically relates to a pressure vessel anti-cracking welding device, including a base frame and a lifting assembly, wherein the lifting assembly is fixedly connected to the inside of the base frame, and both ends of the base frame are fixedly connected with positioning clamping assemblies, and a support frame is arranged on one side of the base frame, and the top of the support frame is fixedly connected with a welding gun mounting assembly, and the welding gun mounting assembly includes a driving component fixedly connected to the top of the support frame, and the middle of the driving component is rotatably connected with an eccentric transmission component with adjustable eccentricity, and both ends of the driving component are slidably connected with mounting components. In the present invention, when welding, the eccentric transmission component is driven to rotate by the driving component, and the eccentric transmission component drives two mounting components to reciprocate at the same time, thereby driving the welding gun installed at the end of the mounting component to reciprocate, so that the trajectory of the welding gun is in a zigzag shape, thereby increasing the width of the weld and thus increasing the welding strength.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of welding devices, and in particular relates to a pressure vessel anti-cracking welding device and method. Background Art

[0002] A pressure vessel is a closed device that contains gas or liquid and bears a certain pressure. Pressure vessels are divided into three categories. Pressure vessels are widely used. They play an important role in many departments such as industry, civil industry, military industry, and many fields of scientific research. Among them, the most used are in the chemical industry and petrochemical industry. The pressure vessels used in the petrochemical industry alone account for about 50% of the total number of pressure vessels. In the chemical and petrochemical fields, pressure vessels are mainly used for heat transfer, mass transfer, reaction and other process processes, as well as for the storage and transportation of pressurized gas or liquefied gas. When producing pressure vessels, the center tube and the end are produced first, and then the center tube and the end are preliminarily connected by spot welding. The center tube and the end are then welded together in a ring using a welding device.

[0003] The commonly used pressure vessel welding device includes a clamping device and a welding gun installation device. When in use, the pressure vessel is positioned by the clamping device and the pressure vessel is driven to rotate during welding. The welding part of the welding gun is close to the connection between the barrel and the end, and then welding is performed. The commonly used welding device generally adopts a fixed installation welding method. The welding trajectory of the welding gun is fixed during welding. The welding gun swings in a zigzag shape during welding to expand the width of the weld, thereby improving the welding strength. In subsequent use, the weld can be effectively prevented from cracking. Therefore, a welding device that can drive the welding gun to swing in a zigzag shape is designed to effectively improve the welding strength and prevent the weld from cracking. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a pressure vessel anti-cracking welding device and method to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a pressure vessel anti-cracking welding device, comprising a base frame and a lifting assembly, the lifting assembly is fixedly connected to the inside of the base frame, both ends of the base frame are fixedly connected with positioning clamping assemblies, a support frame is provided on one side of the base frame, the top of the support frame is fixedly connected with a welding gun mounting assembly, the welding gun mounting assembly comprises a driving component fixedly connected to the top of the support frame, the middle part of the driving component is rotatably connected with an eccentric transmission component with adjustable eccentricity, both ends of the driving component are slidably connected with mounting components, one end of the two mounting components are rollingly connected to the bottom of the eccentric transmission component, the eccentric transmission component drives the two mounting components to reciprocate simultaneously, and the lifting assembly is provided with a supporting assembly for supporting the pressure vessel.

[0006] Furthermore, the lifting assembly includes a base plate and an arc-shaped support plate. The base plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base frame. The top of the base plate is symmetrically fixedly connected to the first electric push rods, and the tops of the two first electric push rods are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the arc-shaped support plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the positioning clamping assembly includes a Z-shaped plate, which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base frame, the top of the Z-shaped plate is slidably connected to an L-shaped plate, the top of the L-shaped plate is rotatably connected to an arc plate via a rotating shaft, the top of the Z-shaped plate is provided with a trapezoidal groove, the bottom end of the L-shaped plate is fixedly connected to a trapezoidal slide bar, the trapezoidal slide bar is slidably connected to the inside of the trapezoidal groove, one end of the Z-shaped plate is fixedly connected to an end plate, a second electric push rod is symmetrically fixedly connected to the end plate, one end of the second electric push rod is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the L-shaped plate, and reinforcing ribs are symmetrically provided at the bottom end of the Z-shaped plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the first reduction motor is fixedly connected to the top of one of the L-shaped plates, and the output shaft of the first reduction motor is fixedly connected to one end of the corresponding rotating shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, the support frame includes a trapezoidal base and an L-shaped mounting frame, the trapezoidal base is fixedly connected to one side of the base frame, a third electric push rod is symmetrically embedded in the top of the trapezoidal base, the bottom end of the L-shaped mounting frame is fixedly connected to a connecting plate, and the top end of the third electric push rod is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the driving component includes a base block, both sides of the base block are fixedly connected with extension plates, the bottom end of the extension plate is fixedly connected with a track, one side of the track is fixedly connected to the top of the L-shaped mounting frame, and the top of the base block is fixedly connected with a second reduction motor.

[0011] Furthermore, the eccentric transmission component includes a cylindrical seat, the top end of the cylindrical seat is fixedly connected to a shaft rod, the shaft rod is rotatably connected to the middle part of the base block through a bearing, the top end of the shaft rod is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second reduction motor, the bottom end of the cylindrical seat is provided with a dovetail groove, the inside of the dovetail groove is rotatably connected to a screw rod, one end of the dovetail groove is fixedly connected to an end block, one end of the screw rod passes through the end block and the screw rod is rotatably connected to the end block, one end of the screw rod is provided with a square groove, the bottom end of the cylindrical seat is provided with a driving disk, the top end of the driving disk is provided with an arc-shaped scale line, the middle part of the top end of the driving disk is fixedly connected to a trapezoidal slider, the trapezoidal slider is slidably connected to the inside of the dovetail groove, and the trapezoidal slider is threadedly connected to the screw rod.

[0012] Furthermore, the mounting component includes a connecting rod slidably connected to the inside of the track, a slot is provided at one end of the connecting rod, a strip groove is provided at the bottom end of the connecting rod, the strip groove is connected to the slot, a telescopic rod is slidably connected to the inside of the slot, one end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to a welding gun mounting end, a threaded rod is provided on the side wall of the telescopic rod, the threaded rod passes through the strip groove, a nut is provided on the threaded rod, the bottom end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to a threaded barrel, the internal thread of the threaded barrel is connected to a bolt, the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to a columnar head via a rotating shaft, the side wall of the columnar head is symmetrically fixedly connected to an extension arm, one end of the extension arm is provided with two correspondingly distributed rollers, and the two rollers are respectively rollingly connected to the side walls of the annular groove.

[0013] Furthermore, the support assembly includes an electromagnetic bar and a permanent magnet ring. There are several electromagnetic bars, and the electromagnetic bars are equidistantly distributed on both sides of the bottom of the arc-shaped support plate. There are two permanent magnet rings, and both of the permanent magnet rings include two magnetically connected half magnetic rings.

[0014] A pressure vessel anti-cracking welding method, using a pressure vessel anti-cracking welding device to weld a pressure vessel, comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1: spot-weld the end of the pressure vessel to the barrel, then place the spot-welded pressure vessel on the arc-shaped support plate, extend the first electric push rod to drive the pressure vessel to rise to be coaxial with the arc-shaped plate, then extend the second electric push rod to push the L-shaped plate to move, so that the two arc-shaped plates clamp the pressure vessel, then retract the first electric push rod to separate the arc-shaped support plate from the pressure vessel;

[0016] S2: Install the welding gun on the welding gun mounting end, adjust the extension length of the telescopic rod according to the specifications of the pressure vessel, so that the welding heads of the two welding guns are respectively located on the left and right sides of the two welding seams, and then extend the third electric push rod to drive the L-shaped mounting frame and the welding gun mounting assembly to rise and fall, so that the welding gun is raised and lowered to a position close to the welding seam;

[0017] S3: During welding, the first reduction motor is started to drive the pressure vessel to rotate at a constant speed, and the second reduction motor is started to drive the eccentric transmission component to rotate. The eccentric transmission component drives the two mounting components to reciprocate, so that the welding trajectory is in a zigzag shape, which improves the welding quality and reduces the possibility of weld cracking during subsequent use;

[0018] S4: When in use, the eccentricity of the eccentric transmission component is adjusted according to the different specifications of the pressure vessels and the different widths of the welds. When adjusting, a wrench is used to drive the screw rod to rotate, and the screw rod drives the trapezoidal slider to move left and right, thereby driving the drive disk to move, so that the axis of the drive disk and the axis of the cylindrical seat are misaligned. According to the width of the weld, the distance between the axis of the drive disk and the axis of the cylindrical seat is adjusted, thereby changing the swing amplitude of the welding gun during welding, thereby adapting to welds of different widths;

[0019] S5: After welding is completed, first extend the L-shaped mounting frame to move the welding gun away from the pressure vessel, then extend the first electric push rod again to make the arc-shaped support plate rise to receive the welded pressure vessel, then retract the second electric push rod to release the pressure vessel, and finally retract the first electric push rod to remove the welded pressure vessel, and then place a pressure vessel to be welded for the next welding operation;

[0020] S6: After the arc plate clamps the pressure vessel, the permanent magnet ring is divided into two half magnet rings and adsorbed on the pressure vessel accordingly, and then the electromagnetic bar is energized, the electromagnetic bar magnetizes the arc support plate, and after magnetization, the magnetism of the inner wall of the arc support plate is the same as the magnetism of the outer wall of the permanent magnet ring, so that the permanent magnet ring is subjected to an upward magnetic force to support the pressure vessel, thereby reducing the force on the rotating shaft connecting the arc plate and the L-shaped plate, which not only improves the service life of the device, but also makes the rotation of the arc plate and the pressure vessel more stable, which is conducive to improving the welding accuracy.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: when welding, the eccentric transmission component is driven to rotate by the driving component, and the eccentric transmission component drives the two mounting components to reciprocate at the same time, thereby driving the welding gun installed at the end of the mounting component to reciprocate, so that the trajectory of the welding gun is in a zigzag shape, thereby increasing the width of the weld and thus increasing the welding strength; the misalignment distance between the axis of the driving disk and the axis of the cylindrical seat can be adjusted according to the width of the weld, thereby changing the swing amplitude of the welding gun during welding, thereby adapting to welds of different widths; the device can weld pressure vessels of different specifications, and the device is more practical. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a front view of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the positioning and clamping assembly of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a right side view of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 An exploded view of the welding gun installation components of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 An exploded view of the eccentric transmission component of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A in the figure.

[0029] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0030] 1. Base frame; 2. Lifting assembly; 21. Base plate; 22. Arc support plate; 23. First electric push rod; 3. Positioning and clamping assembly; 31. Z-shaped plate; 32. L-shaped plate; 33. Arc plate; 34. Trapezoidal groove; 35. Trapezoidal slide bar; 36. End plate; 37. Second electric push rod; 38. Reinforcement rib; 4. First reduction motor; 5. Support frame; 51. Trapezoidal base; 52. L-shaped mounting frame; 53. Third electric push rod; 54. Connecting plate; 6. Welding gun mounting assembly; 61. Driving component; 611. Base block; 612. Extension plate; 613. Track; 614. Second reduction motor speed motor; 62, eccentric transmission component; 621, cylindrical seat; 622, dovetail groove; 623, end block; 624, shaft; 625, lead screw; 626, square groove; 627, drive plate; 628, trapezoidal slider; 629, annular groove; 63, mounting component; 631, connecting rod; 632, slot; 633, strip groove; 634, telescopic rod; 635, welding gun mounting end; 636, threaded barrel; 637, cylindrical head; 638, extension arm; 639, roller; 64, scale line; 7, support assembly; 71, electromagnetic strip; 72, permanent magnet ring; 73, semi-magnetic ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the purpose and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is specifically described below in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the following text is only used to describe one or several specific embodiments of the present invention, and does not strictly limit the scope of protection of the specific claims of the present invention.

[0032] like Figure 1 and 2As shown, a pressure vessel anti-cracking welding device includes a base frame 1 and a lifting assembly 2, the lifting assembly 2 is fixedly connected to the inside of the base frame 1, both ends of the base frame 1 are fixedly connected with positioning clamping assemblies 3, a support frame 5 is provided on one side of the base frame 1, the top of the support frame 5 is fixedly connected with a welding gun mounting assembly 6, the welding gun mounting assembly 6 includes a driving component 61 fixedly connected to the top of the support frame 5, the middle part of the driving component 61 is rotatably connected with an eccentric transmission component 62 with adjustable eccentricity, both ends of the driving component 61 are slidably connected with mounting components 63, one end of the two mounting components 63 are rollingly connected to the bottom of the eccentric transmission component 62, the eccentric transmission component 62 drives the two mounting components 63 to reciprocate simultaneously, and a support assembly 7 for supporting the pressure vessel is provided on the lifting assembly 2.

[0033] According to the above structure, when welding is performed, the driving component 61 drives the eccentric transmission component 62 to rotate, and the eccentric transmission component 62 drives the two mounting components 63 to reciprocate at the same time, thereby driving the welding gun installed at the end of the mounting component 63 to reciprocate, so that the trajectory of the welding gun is in a zigzag shape, thereby increasing the width of the weld and further increasing the welding strength.

[0034] like Figure 2-Figure 4 As shown, the lifting assembly 2 includes a base plate 21 and an arc-shaped support plate 22, the base plate 21 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base frame 1, the top of the base plate 21 is symmetrically fixedly connected to the first electric push rod 23, the tops of the two first electric push rods 23 are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the arc-shaped support plate 22, the positioning clamping assembly 3 includes a Z-shaped plate 31, the Z-shaped plate 31 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base frame 1, the top of the Z-shaped plate 31 is slidably connected to the L-shaped plate 32, the top of the L-shaped plate 32 is rotatably connected to the arc-shaped plate 33 through a rotating shaft, the top of the Z-shaped plate 31 is provided with a trapezoidal groove 34, the bottom end of the L-shaped plate 32 is fixedly connected to a trapezoidal slide bar 35, the trapezoidal slide bar 35 is slidably connected to the inside of the trapezoidal groove 34, the Z-shaped plate 31 One end is fixedly connected to an end plate 36, and a second electric push rod 37 is symmetrically fixedly connected to the end plate 36, one end of the second electric push rod 37 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the L-shaped plate 32, and a reinforcing rib 38 is symmetrically arranged at the bottom end of the Z-shaped plate 31. The first reduction motor 4 is fixedly connected to the top of one of the L-shaped plates 32, and the output shaft of the first reduction motor 4 is fixedly connected to one end of the corresponding rotating shaft. The support frame 5 includes a trapezoidal base 51 and an L-shaped mounting frame 52. The trapezoidal base 51 is fixedly connected to one side of the base frame 1, and a third electric push rod 53 is symmetrically embedded at the top of the trapezoidal base 51. The bottom end of the L-shaped mounting frame 52 is fixedly connected to a connecting plate 54, and the top of the third electric push rod 53 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting plate 54.

[0035] According to the above structure, the pressure vessel after spot welding is placed on the arc support plate 22, and the pressure vessel is driven to rise to be coaxial with the arc plate 33 by extending the first electric push rod 23, and then the L-shaped plate 32 is pushed to move by extending the second electric push rod 37, so that the two arc plates 33 clamp the pressure vessel and then retract the first electric push rod 23, at which time the arc support plate 22 is separated from the pressure vessel, and the welding gun is installed on the welding gun mounting end 635. According to the specifications of the pressure vessel, the extended length of the telescopic rod 634 is first adjusted so that the welding heads of the two welding guns are respectively located on the left and right sides of the two welds, and then the third electric push rod 53 is extended and retracted to drive the L-shaped mounting frame 52 and the welding gun mounting assembly 6 to rise and fall, so that the welding gun is lifted and lowered to a position close to the splicing seam.

[0036] like Figure 5-Figure 7 As shown, the driving component 61 includes a base block 611, both sides of the base block 611 are fixedly connected with an extension plate 612, the bottom end of the extension plate 612 is fixedly connected with a track 613, one side of the track 613 is fixedly connected to the top of the L-shaped mounting frame 52, the top of the base block 611 is fixedly connected with a second reduction motor 614, the eccentric transmission component 62 includes a columnar seat 621, the top of the columnar seat 621 is fixedly connected with a shaft 624, the shaft 624 is rotatably connected to the middle part of the base block 611 through a bearing, the top of the shaft 624 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second reduction motor 614, and the bottom end of the columnar seat 621 is opened There is a dovetail groove 622, and a screw rod 625 is rotatably connected inside the dovetail groove 622. One end of the dovetail groove 622 is fixedly connected to an end block 623. One end of the screw rod 625 penetrates the end block 623 and the screw rod 625 is rotatably connected to the end block 623. One end of the screw rod 625 is provided with a square groove 626. The bottom end of the columnar seat 621 is provided with a driving disk 627. The top of the driving disk 627 is provided with an arc-shaped scale line 64. The middle part of the top of the driving disk 627 is fixedly connected with a trapezoidal slider 628. The trapezoidal slider 628 is slidably connected to the inside of the dovetail groove 622, and the trapezoidal slider 628 is threadedly connected to the screw rod 625.

[0037] According to the above structure, when adjusting the eccentricity of the eccentric transmission component 62 according to the width of the weld, a wrench is used to rotate the screw rod 625, and the screw rod 625 drives the trapezoidal slider 628 to move left and right, thereby driving the drive disk 627 to move, so that the axis of the drive disk 627 is misaligned with the axis of the cylindrical seat 621. According to the width of the weld, the distance between the axis of the drive disk 627 and the axis of the cylindrical seat 621 is adjusted, thereby changing the swing amplitude of the welding gun during welding, and then adapting to welds of different widths. The scale line 64 can display the eccentricity during adjustment.

[0038] like Figure 5-Figure 7As shown, the mounting component 63 includes a connecting rod 631 slidably connected to the inside of the track 613, a slot 632 is provided at one end of the connecting rod 631, a strip groove 633 is provided at the bottom end of the connecting rod 631, the strip groove 633 is connected to the slot 632, a telescopic rod 634 is slidably connected to the inside of the slot 632, one end of the telescopic rod 634 is fixedly connected to a welding gun mounting end 635, a threaded rod is provided on the side wall of the telescopic rod 634, the threaded rod passes through the strip groove 633, a nut is provided on the threaded rod, a threaded barrel 636 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting rod 631, a bolt is connected to the internal thread of the threaded barrel 636, the other end of the connecting rod 631 is rotatably connected to a columnar head 637 through a rotating shaft, an extension arm 638 is symmetrically fixedly connected to the side wall of the columnar head 637, one end of the extension arm 638 is provided with two correspondingly distributed rollers 639, and the two rollers 639 are respectively rollingly connected to the side walls of the annular groove 629.

[0039] According to the above structure, the extension length of the welding gun is adjusted according to pressure vessels of different specifications. When adjusting, the nut on the threaded rod is loosened, and then the bolt inside the threaded tube 636 is loosened, and then the telescopic rod 634 is extended and retracted to adjust the position of the welding gun. After the adjustment is completed, the nut on the threaded rod is tightened to fix the position of the telescopic rod 634, and then the bolt inside the welding gun mounting end 635 is tightened to tighten the telescopic rod 634 at the end of the slot 632.

[0040] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the support assembly 7 includes an electromagnetic strip 71 and a permanent magnet ring 72. There are a plurality of electromagnetic strips 71, and the plurality of electromagnetic strips 71 are equidistantly distributed on both sides of the bottom of the arc-shaped support plate 22. There are two permanent magnet rings 72, and the two permanent magnet rings 72 each include two magnetically connected half-magnetic rings 73.

[0041] According to the above structure, after the arc plate 33 clamps the pressure vessel, the permanent magnet ring 72 is divided into two half-magnetic rings 73 which are correspondingly adsorbed on the pressure vessel, and then the electromagnetic strip 71 is energized, and the electromagnetic strip 71 magnetizes the arc support plate 22. After magnetization, the magnetism of the inner wall of the arc support plate 22 is the same as the magnetism of the outer wall of the permanent magnet ring 72, so that the permanent magnet ring 72 is subjected to an upward magnetic force to support the pressure vessel, thereby reducing the force on the rotating shaft connecting the arc plate 33 and the L-shaped plate 32, which not only improves the service life of the device, but also makes the arc plate 33 and the pressure vessel rotate more stably, which is beneficial to improving the welding accuracy.

[0042] like Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, a pressure vessel anti-cracking welding method, using a pressure vessel anti-cracking welding device to weld a pressure vessel, comprises the following steps:

[0043] S1: The end of the pressure vessel is spot-welded to the barrel, and then the spot-welded pressure vessel is placed on the arc support plate 22. The pressure vessel is driven to rise to be coaxial with the arc plate 33 by extending the first electric push rod 23, and then the L-shaped plate 32 is pushed to move by extending the second electric push rod 37, so that the two arc plates 33 clamp the pressure vessel, and then the first electric push rod 23 is retracted to separate the arc support plate 22 from the pressure vessel;

[0044] S2: Install the welding gun on the welding gun mounting end 635, adjust the extension length of the telescopic rod 634 according to the specifications of the pressure vessel, so that the welding heads of the two welding guns are respectively located on the left and right sides of the two welding seams, and then extend the third electric push rod 53 to drive the L-shaped mounting frame 52 and the welding gun mounting assembly 6 to move up and down, so that the welding gun is moved up and down to a position close to the welding seam;

[0045] S3: During welding, the first reduction motor 4 is started to drive the pressure vessel to rotate at a constant speed, and the second reduction motor 614 is started to drive the eccentric transmission component 62 to rotate. The eccentric transmission component 62 drives the two mounting components 63 to reciprocate, so that the welding trajectory is in a zigzag shape, which improves the welding quality and reduces the possibility of weld cracking during subsequent use;

[0046] S4: When in use, the eccentricity of the eccentric transmission component 62 is adjusted according to the different specifications of the pressure vessels and the different widths of the welds. When adjusting, a wrench is used to drive the screw rod 625 to rotate, and the screw rod 625 drives the trapezoidal slider 628 to move left and right, thereby driving the driving disk 627 to move, so that the axis of the driving disk 627 is misaligned with the axis of the cylindrical seat 621. According to the width of the weld, the distance between the axis of the driving disk 627 and the axis of the cylindrical seat 621 is adjusted, thereby changing the swing amplitude of the welding gun during welding, thereby adapting to welds of different widths;

[0047] S5: After welding is completed, first extend the L-shaped mounting frame 52 to move the welding gun away from the pressure vessel, then extend the first electric push rod 23 again to make the arc-shaped support plate 22 rise to receive the welded pressure vessel, then retract the second electric push rod 37 to release the pressure vessel, and finally retract the first electric push rod 23 to remove the welded pressure vessel, and then place a pressure vessel to be welded for the next welding operation;

[0048] S6: After the arc plate 33 clamps the pressure vessel, the permanent magnet ring 72 is divided into two half magnet rings 73 which are correspondingly adsorbed on the pressure vessel, and then the electromagnetic strip 71 is energized, the electromagnetic strip 71 magnetizes the arc support plate 22, and after magnetization, the magnetism of the inner wall of the arc support plate 22 is the same as the magnetism of the outer wall of the permanent magnet ring 72, so that the permanent magnet ring 72 is subjected to an upward magnetic force to support the pressure vessel, thereby reducing the force on the rotating shaft connecting the arc plate 33 and the L-shaped plate 32, which not only improves the service life of the device, but also makes the arc plate 33 and the pressure vessel rotate more stably, which is beneficial to improving the welding accuracy.

[0049] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: the end of the pressure vessel is spot-welded to the barrel, and then the spot-welded pressure vessel is placed on the arc support plate 22, and the pressure vessel is driven to rise to be coaxial with the arc plate 33 by extending the first electric push rod 23, and then the L-shaped plate 32 is pushed to move by extending the second electric push rod 37, so that the two arc plates 33 clamp the pressure vessel and then retract the first electric push rod 23 to separate the arc support plate 22 from the pressure vessel, and the welding gun is installed on the welding gun installation end 635, and the extension length of the telescopic rod 634 is adjusted according to the specifications of the pressure vessel so that the welding heads of the two welding guns are respectively located on the left and right sides of the two welds, and then the third electric push rod 53 is extended and retracted to drive the L-shaped mounting frame 52 and the welding gun mounting assembly 6 to rise and fall, so that the welding gun is lifted and lowered to a position close to the weld, and the first reduction motor 4 is started to drive the pressure vessel to rotate at a uniform speed during welding, and the second reduction motor 614 is started to drive the eccentric transmission component 62 to rotate, and the eccentric transmission component 62 drives the two mounting components 63 to reciprocate, so that When the welding track is in a zigzag shape, the welding quality is improved, thereby reducing the possibility of cracking of the weld in the subsequent use process. When in use, the eccentricity of the eccentric transmission component 62 is adjusted according to the different widths of the welds of pressure vessels of different specifications. When adjusting, a wrench is used to drive the screw rod 625 to rotate, and the screw rod 625 drives the trapezoidal slider 628 to move left and right, thereby driving the drive disk 627 to move, so that the axis of the drive disk 627 is misaligned with the axis of the cylindrical seat 621. According to the width of the weld, the distance between the axis of the drive disk 627 and the axis of the cylindrical seat 621 is adjusted, thereby changing the swing amplitude of the welding gun during welding, thereby adapting to welds of different widths. After welding is completed, the L-shaped mounting frame 52 is first extended to keep the welding gun away from the pressure vessel, and then the first electric push rod 23 is extended again to make the arc support plate 22 rise to receive the welded pressure vessel, and then the second electric push rod 37 is retracted to relax the pressure vessel, and finally the first electric push rod 23 is retracted to remove the welded pressure vessel, and then a pressure vessel to be welded is placed for the next welding operation.

[0050] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention. The structures, devices and operating methods not specifically described and explained in the present invention shall be implemented according to the conventional means in the art unless otherwise specified and limited.

Claims

1. A pressure vessel anti-cracking welding device, comprising a base frame (1) and a lifting assembly (2) for holding the pressure vessel, characterized in that: The lifting assembly (2) is fixedly connected to the inside of the base frame (1); both ends of the base frame (1) are fixedly connected with positioning clamping assemblies (3) for clamping the pressure vessel; a support frame (5) is provided on one side of the base frame (1); a welding gun mounting assembly (6) is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame (5); the welding gun mounting assembly (6) comprises a driving component (61) fixedly connected to the top of the support frame (5); an eccentric transmission component (62) with adjustable eccentricity is rotatably connected to the middle of the driving component (61); both ends of the driving component (61) are slidably connected with mounting components (63) for mounting the welding gun; one end of each of the two mounting components (63) is rollingly connected to the bottom of the eccentric transmission component (62); the eccentric transmission component (62) drives the two mounting components (63) to reciprocate simultaneously, thereby driving the two welding guns to reciprocate, so as to increase the width of the weld during the welding process; and a supporting assembly (7) for supporting the pressure vessel is provided on the lifting assembly (2); The driving component (61) comprises a base block (611), both sides of the base block (611) are fixedly connected to extension plates (612), the bottom end of the extension plate (612) is fixedly connected to a track (613), one side of the track (613) is fixedly connected to the top end of the L-shaped mounting frame (52), and the top end of the base block (611) is fixedly connected to a second reduction motor (614); The eccentric transmission component (62) comprises a cylindrical seat (621), the top end of the cylindrical seat (621) is fixedly connected to a shaft (624), the shaft (624) is rotatably connected to the middle part of the base block (611) via a bearing, the top end of the shaft (624) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second reduction motor (614), the bottom end of the cylindrical seat (621) is provided with a dovetail groove (622), the inside of the dovetail groove (622) is rotatably connected to a lead screw (625), one end of the dovetail groove (622) is fixedly connected to an end block (623), the lead screw (625) is fixedly connected to the end block (623), and the lead screw (625) is fixedly connected to the end block (623). ) passes through the end block (623) and the screw rod (625) is rotatably connected to the end block (623), one end of the screw rod (625) is provided with a square groove (626), the bottom end of the columnar seat (621) is provided with a driving disk (627), the top end of the driving disk (627) is provided with an arc-shaped scale line (64), the middle part of the top end of the driving disk (627) is fixedly connected with a trapezoidal slider (628), the trapezoidal slider (628) is slidably connected to the inside of the dovetail groove (622), and the trapezoidal slider (628) is threadedly connected to the screw rod (625); The mounting component (63) comprises a connecting rod (631) slidably connected to the inside of the track (613); a slot (632) is provided at one end of the connecting rod (631); a strip groove (633) is provided at the bottom end of the connecting rod (631); the strip groove (633) is communicated with the slot (632); a telescopic rod (634) is slidably connected to the inside of the slot (632); one end of the telescopic rod (634) is fixedly connected to a welding gun mounting end (635); a threaded rod is provided on the side wall of the telescopic rod (634); the threaded rod penetrates the strip groove (633) and is connected to the welding gun mounting end (635). shaped groove (633), a nut is provided on the threaded rod, the bottom end of the connecting rod (631) is fixedly connected to a threaded barrel (636), the internal thread of the threaded barrel (636) is connected to a bolt, the other end of the connecting rod (631) is rotatably connected to a columnar head (637) via a rotating shaft, the side wall of the columnar head (637) is symmetrically fixedly connected to an extension arm (638), one end of the extension arm (638) is provided with two correspondingly distributed rollers (639), and the two rollers (639) are respectively rollingly connected to the side walls of the annular groove (629).

2. A pressure vessel anti-cracking welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting assembly (2) comprises a base plate (21) and an arc-shaped support plate (22); the base plate (21) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base frame (1); the top end of the base plate (21) is symmetrically fixedly connected to first electric push rods (23); the top ends of the two first electric push rods (23) are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the arc-shaped support plate (22).

3. The pressure vessel anti-cracking welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning clamping assembly (3) comprises a Z-shaped plate (31), wherein the Z-shaped plate (31) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base frame (1), the top of the Z-shaped plate (31) is slidably connected to an L-shaped plate (32), the top of the L-shaped plate (32) is rotatably connected to an arc-shaped plate (33) via a rotating shaft, the top of the Z-shaped plate (31) is provided with a trapezoidal groove (34), the bottom end of the L-shaped plate (32) is fixedly connected to a trapezoidal slide bar (35), the trapezoidal slide bar (35) is slidably connected inside the trapezoidal groove (34), one end of the Z-shaped plate (31) is fixedly connected to an end plate (36), a second electric push rod (37) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the end plate (36), one end of the second electric push rod (37) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the L-shaped plate (32), and reinforcing ribs (38) are symmetrically provided at the bottom end of the Z-shaped plate (31).

4. A pressure vessel anti-cracking welding device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first reduction motor (4) is fixedly connected to the top of one of the L-shaped plates (32), and the output shaft of the first reduction motor (4) is fixedly connected to one end of the corresponding rotating shaft.

5. A pressure vessel anti-cracking welding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support frame (5) comprises a trapezoidal base (51) and an L-shaped mounting frame (52); the trapezoidal base (51) is fixedly connected to one side of the base frame (1); a third electric push rod (53) is symmetrically embedded at the top end of the trapezoidal base (51); a connecting plate (54) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the L-shaped mounting frame (52); and the top end of the third electric push rod (53) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting plate (54).

6. A pressure vessel anti-cracking welding device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The support assembly (7) comprises an electromagnetic strip (71) and a permanent magnet ring (72); there are a plurality of electromagnetic strips (71), and the plurality of electromagnetic strips (71) are equidistantly distributed on both sides of the bottom of the arc-shaped support plate (22); there are two permanent magnet rings (72), and the two permanent magnet rings (72) each comprise two magnetically connected half-magnetic rings (73).

7. A pressure vessel crack prevention welding method, characterized in that: The method of welding a pressure vessel using the pressure vessel anti-cracking welding device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 comprises the following steps: S1: spot-welding the end of the pressure vessel to the barrel, then placing the spot-welded pressure vessel on the arc-shaped support plate (22), extending the first electric push rod (23) to drive the pressure vessel to rise to be coaxial with the arc-shaped plate (33), then extending the second electric push rod (37) to push the L-shaped plate (32) to move, so that the two arc-shaped plates (33) clamp the pressure vessel, and then retracting the first electric push rod (23) to separate the arc-shaped support plate (22) from the pressure vessel; S2: Install the welding gun on the welding gun mounting end (635), adjust the extension length of the telescopic rod (634) according to the specifications of the pressure vessel, so that the welding heads of the two welding guns are respectively located on the left and right sides of the two welding seams, and then extend the third electric push rod (53) to drive the L-shaped mounting frame (52) and the welding gun mounting assembly (6) to move up and down, so that the welding gun is moved up and down to a position close to the welding seam; S3: during welding, the first reduction motor (4) is started to drive the pressure vessel to rotate at a constant speed, and at the same time, the second reduction motor (614) is started to drive the eccentric transmission component (62) to rotate, and the eccentric transmission component (62) drives the two mounting components (63) to reciprocate, so that the welding trajectory is in a zigzag shape, thereby improving the welding quality and reducing the possibility of cracking of the weld during subsequent use; S4: When in use, the eccentricity of the eccentric transmission component (62) is adjusted according to the different widths of the welds of pressure vessels of different specifications. When adjusting, a wrench is used to drive the screw rod (625) to rotate, and the screw rod (625) drives the trapezoidal slider (628) to move left and right, thereby driving the driving disk (627) to move, so that the axis of the driving disk (627) and the axis of the cylindrical seat (621) are misaligned. According to the width of the weld, the distance between the axis of the driving disk (627) and the axis of the cylindrical seat (621) is adjusted, thereby changing the swing amplitude of the welding gun during welding, thereby adapting to welds of different widths; S5: After the welding is completed, the L-shaped mounting frame (52) is first extended to move the welding gun away from the pressure vessel, and then the first electric push rod (23) is extended again to make the arc-shaped support plate (22) rise to receive the welded pressure vessel, and then the second electric push rod (37) is retracted to release the pressure vessel, and finally the first electric push rod (23) is retracted to remove the welded pressure vessel, and then a pressure vessel to be welded is placed for the next welding operation; S6: After the arc plate (33) clamps the pressure vessel, the permanent magnet ring (72) is divided into two half magnet rings (73) and adsorbed on the pressure vessel accordingly. Then, the electromagnetic strip (71) is energized, and the electromagnetic strip (71) magnetizes the arc support plate (22). After magnetization, the magnetism of the inner wall of the arc support plate (22) is the same as the magnetism of the outer wall of the permanent magnet ring (72), so that the permanent magnet ring (72) is subjected to an upward magnetic force to support the pressure vessel, thereby reducing the force on the rotating shaft connecting the arc plate (33) and the L-shaped plate (32), which not only improves the service life of the device, but also makes the arc plate (33) and the pressure vessel rotate more stably, which is conducive to improving the welding accuracy.

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