A high-throughput friction testing machine with electromagnetic drive and loading

Abstract

The present application provides an electromagnetically driven and loaded high-throughput friction tester. By adjusting the height of the electromagnetic driver and changing its driving object, the conversion between linear and rotary reciprocating friction experiments can be realized. Both the driving device and the loading device apply the principle of electromagnetic induction. The driving device generates a periodic alternating driving force of different frequencies and amplitudes by adjusting the current frequency and current value; the loading device obtains a variety of electromagnetic forces by adjusting the current values ​​of multiple electromagnetic induction coils, thereby controlling each force plate to be subjected to different repulsive forces, completing the application of different or the same loads on the surfaces of multiple samples, and realizing the acquisition of high-throughput experimental data. The control system is connected to the data acquisition feedback system. The driving frequency and amplitude can be actively adjusted in the operation interface, and the load value can also be adjusted autonomously. At the same time, the signals of each sensor are collected and stored, and the relevant curves are drawn to realize real-time storage and feedback of data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of tribology, and in particular provides an electromagnetically driven and loaded high-throughput friction testing machine. Background Art

[0002] Friction is ubiquitous in daily life and industrial production. Friction occurs when two contact surfaces slide against each other. Friction has both advantages and disadvantages. Our lives cannot do without friction, but the existence of friction causes wear of mechanical equipment during operation, resulting in reduced equipment accuracy or premature failure. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the friction characteristics between the surfaces of relative motion mechanical systems. As a discipline that studies the friction behavior of surfaces, tribology studies the basic theories and technologies of friction, lubrication and wear between relatively moving surfaces, as well as the relationship between the three. Friction testing machines are one of the most important equipment in the field of tribology research. There are many types of friction testing machines depending on the driving mode, loading mode, and use environment. However, most friction testing machines have a single function, that is, reciprocating or rotary, while a few friction testing machines with complex functions need to be realized by replacing different forms of test benches, which increases the economic and time costs of the experiment. With the development of new materials and new processes in mechanical equipment, the existing friction testing machines mentioned above can no longer meet the needs of diversified friction experiments. Therefore, it is very important to design a friction testing machine with simple operation and rich functions.

[0003] Secondly, the friction and wear performance test is widely used at present, and repeatability test and performance test under different load conditions are necessary parts of the friction and wear performance test. In order to obtain more accurate test results, it is necessary to strictly ensure the consistency or similarity of experimental conditions other than load, so as to avoid errors in the final results of the experiment. Due to the uncontrollable factors in time and space caused by the replacement of friction specimens, the use of existing friction testers on the market to perform the above performance tests cannot obtain friction test results that eliminate errors caused by external factors, so it is necessary to design a high-throughput friction tester.

[0004] In general, the existing technology lacks a high-throughput multifunctional friction testing machine that can obtain multiple sets of experimental data per unit time. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide an electromagnetically driven and loaded high-throughput friction testing machine to obtain more accurate experimental results under repeatability or different load conditions.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiments of the present application are implemented in the following manner:

[0007] In the first aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides an electromagnetically driven and loaded high-throughput friction testing machine, including a driving device, a loading device, a loading system support device, a sample fixing and translation device, a rotation device, a control system and a data acquisition feedback system, wherein the driving device includes an electromagnetic driver and an adjustable support, and the electromagnetic driver is installed on the adjustable support; the loading device includes a lifting column, a fastening sleeve, an electromagnet mounting box, an electromagnet device, a limit fixing shaft, a limit spring device, multiple groups of force plates, a permanent magnet, a sensor fixing seat, a circular pressure sensor, a friction pin fixing seat and a friction pin, the lifting column is inserted into the hole of the electromagnet mounting box, and is fastened and connected via the fastening sleeve, and the electromagnetic There are multiple mounting holes distributed on the iron mounting box, and an electromagnet device is installed in each mounting hole. Each group of force plates is connected to the electromagnet mounting box through a limit spring device and a limit fixed shaft, and the force plate can slide axially along the limit fixed shaft. A sensor fixing seat and a permanent magnet are installed on each group of force plates, and each permanent magnet corresponds to each electromagnet device one by one. An annular pressure sensor is installed in the sensor fixing seat, and a friction pin fixing seat is installed in the annular pressure sensor. The friction pin is tightened in the friction pin fixing seat; the loading system support device includes a limit fixing sleeve, a support column, a beam with a locking sleeve, a beam locking handle, a connecting piece and a beam lock, and the two limit fixing sleeves are respectively installed on the lifting The crossbeam with a locking sleeve is fixed to the lifting column and the supporting column through the crossbeam locking handle, and the two sections of the crossbeam with a locking sleeve are connected by a connecting piece and locked and fixed by a crossbeam lock buckle installed on the crossbeam in both directions; the sample fixing and translation device includes a sample fixing seat, a fixed disc, a connecting shaft, a slider, a translation slide rail, a motor connecting rod, a connecting rod connection fastening sleeve and an experimental platform, the support column is installed on the experimental platform, the sample fixing seat is installed on the fixed disc, the fixed disc is installed on the slider, the slider is installed in cooperation with the translation slide rail, the upper end of the connecting shaft is connected to the fixed disc, the motor connecting rod is connected to the connecting rod connection fastening sleeve, and the connecting rod connection fastening sleeve is set on the connecting shaft. When conducting a reciprocating friction experiment, the motor connecting rod is driven by an electromagnetic driver; the rotating device includes a suspended support, an adjustable support, a flanged sleeve, a thrust bearing, a stepped shaft and a Scotch yoke mechanism connecting rod, the stepped shaft is fixed in the flanged sleeve via a thrust bearing, the flanged sleeve is supported on the suspended support via an adjustable support, the Scotch yoke mechanism connecting rod is connected to the lower end of the stepped shaft, the connecting shaft and the shoulder of the stepped shaft are circumferentially fixedly connected, and when conducting a rotational friction experiment, the Scotch yoke mechanism connecting rod is driven by an electromagnetic driver; the control system is used to control the driving device and the loading device, and the data acquisition feedback system is used to collect experimental data and provide feedback on the entire high-throughput friction testing machine.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect, in a first possible implementation of the first aspect, the loading device adopts the principle of electromagnetic induction to achieve the purpose of applying an external load to the surface of the friction sample.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in a second possible implementation of the first aspect, the electromagnet device includes an iron core and an induction coil, and the iron core is any one of the types of “E”, “I”, “O”, and “U”.

[0010] In combination with the first aspect, in a third possible implementation of the first aspect, in a linear or short-range rotational reciprocating friction test, the number of the sample holders is the same as the number of the friction pins, and each sample holder is used to install a type I friction plate, and the movement range of each friction pin in the linear or short-range rotational reciprocating friction test does not exceed the coverage range of its corresponding type I friction plate.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in a fourth possible implementation of the first aspect, in the long-range rotational reciprocating friction test, the number of the sample fixing seat is one, and the sample fixing seat is used to install the Type II friction plate, and the movement range of all friction pins in the long-range rotational reciprocating friction test does not exceed the coverage range of the Type II friction plate.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, in a fifth possible implementation of the first aspect, an annular pressure sensor is installed in each sensor fixing seat, a friction pin fixing seat is installed in the annular pressure sensor, and the friction pin is tightened in the friction pin fixing seat to form a friction coefficient testing structure. The friction coefficient testing structure changes its fixed position along the radial direction of the force plate where it is located by matching with a slide rail or a bolt hole.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect, in a sixth possible implementation of the first aspect, a pressure detection device is installed between the sample fixing seat and the fixed disc, and the pressure detection device is a stress strain gauge or a pressure sensor, which is used to monitor and feedback the load value on the sample surface in real time.

[0014] In combination with the sixth possible implementation of the first aspect, in the seventh possible implementation of the first aspect, the sample fixing and translation device also includes a spherical roller bearing, a radial ball bearing, and a connecting pin. The spherical roller bearing is installed on the connecting shaft, the connecting rod connecting fastening sleeve is installed on the bearing spherical roller bearing, the radial ball bearing is interference-mounted in the connecting rod connecting fastening sleeve, and the motor connecting rod and the radial ball bearing are fixedly connected by a connecting pin.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect, in an eighth possible implementation of the first aspect, the end of the connecting shaft and the shoulder of the stepped shaft are "tooth-shaped", and the shaft head of the stepped shaft is inserted into the connecting shaft, and the "tooth shapes" of the two cooperate to transmit torque.

[0016] In combination with the first aspect, in a ninth possible implementation of the first aspect, the Scotch yoke mechanism connecting rod is connected to the stepped shaft via a cylindrical pin.

[0017] Beneficial effects: In the electromagnetically driven and loaded high-throughput friction testing machine provided by the present application, the electromagnetic driver is installed on an adjustable bracket, and the adjustable bracket is flexibly adjustable in both height and circumferential directions; the lifting column in the loading device is inserted into the hole of the electromagnet mounting box and is fastened via a fastening sleeve; a plurality of mounting holes are distributed on the electromagnet mounting box, and an electromagnet device is installed in each mounting hole (the electromagnet device includes an iron core and an induction coil, and the iron core is any one of the types of "E", "I", "O", and "U"); each set of force plates is connected to the electromagnet mounting box via a limit spring device and a limit fixed shaft. The box is connected, and the force plate can slide axially along the limit fixing axis. Each group of force plates is equipped with a sensor fixing seat and a permanent magnet. Each permanent magnet corresponds to each electromagnet device. The sensor fixing seat is installed with a circular pressure sensor, and the friction pin fixing seat is installed in the circular pressure sensor. The friction pin is tightened in the friction pin fixing seat (the sensor fixing seat, the circular pressure sensor, the friction pin fixing seat, and the friction pin constitute a friction coefficient test structure. The friction coefficient test structure changes its fixed position along the radial direction of the force plate where it is located through the form of slide rails or bolt holes). The two limit fixing sleeves are respectively installed on the lifting column and the support column, and the beam with the locking sleeve is fixed to the lifting column and the support column through the beam locking handle. The two sections of the beam with the locking sleeve are connected by a connecting piece and locked and fixed by the beam lock buckle installed on the beam in the positive and negative directions (positive and negative installation refers to the beam lock buckle on one side of the beam being installed in the positive direction and the beam lock buckle on the other side of the beam being installed in the negative direction), so as to ensure the stability of the entire beam with the locking sleeve. The support column is installed on the experimental platform, and the sample holder is installed on the fixed disc (a pressure detection device is installed between the sample holder and the fixed disc. The pressure detection device is a stress strain gauge or a pressure sensor, which is used to monitor and feedback the load value on the sample surface in real time; in the linear or short-range rotary reciprocating friction test, the number of sample holders is the same as the number of friction pins, and each sample holder is used to install an I-type friction plate. The movement range of each friction pin in the linear or short-range rotary reciprocating friction test does not exceed the coverage range of its corresponding I-type friction plate; in the long-range rotary reciprocating friction test There is one sample fixing seat, which is used to install type II friction plate. The motion range of all friction pins in the long-range rotary reciprocating friction experiment does not exceed the coverage range of type II friction plate). The fixed disc is installed on the slider, and the slider is installed in conjunction with the translational slide rail. The upper end of the connecting shaft is connected to the fixed disc, the motor connecting rod is connected to the connecting rod connecting fastening sleeve, the spherical roller bearing is installed on the connecting shaft, the connecting rod connecting fastening sleeve is installed on the bearing spherical roller bearing, the radial ball bearing is interference installed in the connecting rod connecting fastening sleeve, and the motor connecting rod and the radial ball bearing are fixedly connected by a connecting pin.When conducting reciprocating friction experiments, the motor connecting rod is driven by an electromagnetic driver; the stepped shaft is fixed in a flanged sleeve via a thrust bearing, and the flanged sleeve is supported on a suspended support via an adjustable bracket. The Scotch yoke mechanism connecting rod is connected to the lower end of the stepped shaft (connected by a cylindrical pin), and the connecting shaft and the shoulder of the stepped shaft are circumferentially fixedly connected (the end of the connecting shaft and the shoulder of the stepped shaft are "tooth-shaped", and the shaft head of the stepped shaft penetrates into the connecting shaft, and the "tooth shapes" of the two match to transmit torque). When conducting a rotational friction experiment, the Scotch yoke mechanism connecting rod is driven by an electromagnetic driver. The control system is used to control the drive device and the loading device, and the data acquisition feedback system is used to collect experimental data and feedback the entire high-throughput friction tester.

[0018] Therefore, the driving device and loading device of this scheme both use the electromagnetic induction principle to generate the required electromagnetic force. The driving device uses an electromagnetic driver to achieve the periodic alternating reciprocating drive requirements. The driving scheme includes two parts: (1) the realization of horizontal reciprocating friction experiment: the electromagnetic driver connects the motor connecting rod to drive the sample fixing and translation device to reciprocate horizontally; (2) the realization of rotational motion friction experiment: unscrew the connecting bolts between the fixed disk and the slider, adjust the height of the adjustable bracket, match the stepped shaft with the connecting shaft, adjust the height of the adjustable support in the driving device, connect the electromagnetic driver with the Scotch yoke mechanism connecting rod, and drive the fixed disk to rotate. The load loading on the friction sample surface is to adjust the magnitude of the electromagnetic force by adjusting the magnitude of the induction coil current of each electromagnet device in the electromagnet installation box to control the magnitude of the repulsive force on the force plate equipped with a permanent magnet, so as to achieve the simultaneous application of the same or different loads on the surfaces of multiple friction samples and obtain high-throughput friction test data. The driving device and the loading device are electrically connected to the electric control system and the data acquisition feedback system respectively. The control system is used to control the driving device and the loading device. The data acquisition feedback system is used to collect experimental data and provide feedback for the entire high-throughput friction testing machine.

[0019] The electromagnetically driven and loaded high-throughput friction testing machine provided in this application can meet the needs of different types of friction experiments such as translational or rotational reciprocating by changing the displacement parameters of the electromagnetic driver and adjusting the support height, thereby realizing multiple functions of one device. The high-throughput experimental effect is achieved by controlling the magnitude of the current on each electromagnet transposition separately, that is, multiple sets of friction test data are obtained at the same time under different loads or the same load conditions, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of the friction test. Both the driving device and the loading device adopt the principle of electromagnetic induction to achieve the purpose of driving and applying loads, with stable operation, small current, low power consumption, energy saving and environmental protection.

[0020] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are specifically cited below and described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the electromagnetically driven and loaded high-throughput friction testing machine.

[0023] Figure 2 Right view of the electromagnetically driven and loaded high-throughput friction tester.

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the loading device.

[0025] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the force plate.

[0026] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the loading system support device.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sample fixing and translation device.

[0028] Figure 7 Partial schematic diagram of the connecting rod connecting the fastening sleeve.

[0029] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the specimen holder for installing Type II friction plate.

[0030] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the rotating device.

[0031] Fig.10 This is the installation diagram of the stepped shaft.

[0032] Icons: 1-electromagnetic drive, 2-adjustable support, 3-motor connecting rod, 4-lifting column, 5-limit fixing sleeve, 6-fastening sleeve, 7-electromagnet installation box, 8-electromagnet device, 9-limit fixing shaft, 10-limit spring device, 11-force plate, 12-permanent magnet, 13-sensor fixing seat, 14-ring pressure sensor, 15-friction pin fixing seat, 16-friction pin, 17-support column, 18-beam with locking sleeve, 19-beam Locking handle, 20-connecting piece, 21-beam lock, 22-sample fixing seat, 23-fixed disc, 24-connecting shaft, 25-spherical roller bearing, 26-connecting rod connecting fastening sleeve, 27-radial ball bearing, 28-connecting pin, 29-slider, 30-translational slide rail, 31-experimental platform, 32-suspended support, 33-adjustable bracket, 34-flanged bushing, 35-thrust bearing, 36-step shaft, 37-Scottish yoke mechanism connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0034] See also Figure 1-10 The present invention discloses an electromagnetically driven and loaded high-throughput friction testing machine. Figure 1-2 As shown, the electromagnetically driven and loaded high-throughput friction testing machine may include a driving device, a loading device, a loading system support device, a sample fixing and translation device, a rotating device, an electronic control system and a data acquisition feedback system.

[0035] The driving device includes an electromagnetic driver 1 and an adjustable support 2. The electromagnetic driver 1 is installed on the adjustable support 2. The adjustable support 2 is flexibly adjustable in both height and circumference. By adjusting the height and circumference position of the adjustable support 2, it is convenient to realize the translational reciprocating friction experiment and the rotational friction experiment.

[0036] like Figure 3-4 As shown, the loading device includes a lifting column 4, a fastening sleeve 6, an electromagnet mounting box 7, an electromagnet device 8, a limit fixing shaft 9, a limit spring device 10, multiple groups of force plates 11, a permanent magnet 12, a sensor fixing seat 13, an annular pressure sensor 14, a friction pin fixing seat 15 and a friction pin 16. The number of the force plates 11, the permanent magnet 12, the sensor fixing seat 13, the annular pressure sensor 14, the friction pin fixing seat 15 and the friction pin 16 is the same and at least 2, and this embodiment takes 4 groups as an example.

[0037] The lifting column 4 is fixedly connected to the electromagnet installation box 7 via the fastening sleeve 6. Specifically, the lifting column 4 can be inserted into the hole of the electromagnet installation box 7 and fastened via the fastening sleeve 6. A plurality of mounting holes are distributed on the electromagnet installation box 7, and an electromagnet device 8 is installed in each mounting hole (different groups of electromagnet devices 8 can apply different or the same electromagnetic force), and the electromagnet device 8 includes an induction coil and an iron core, and the iron core is any type of "E", "I", "O", and "U".

[0038] Each group of force discs 11 is connected to the electromagnet mounting box 7 through a limit spring device 10 and a limit fixed shaft 9 (the two ends of the limit spring device 10 are respectively installed in the spring mounting holes of the electromagnet mounting box 7 and the force disc 11), and the force disc 11 can slide axially along the limit fixed shaft (one end of the limit fixed shaft 9 is clearance-matched with the electromagnet mounting box 7, and the other end is matched with the track of the force disc 11, and each force disc 11 can slide vertically along the limit fixed shaft 9).

[0039] A sensor holder 13 and a permanent magnet 12 are installed on each group of force plates 11, each permanent magnet 12 corresponds to each electromagnet device 8, a circular pressure sensor 14 is installed in the sensor holder 13 (the circular pressure sensor 14 and the sensor holder 13 are interference fit), a friction pin holder 15 is installed in the circular pressure sensor 14 (the friction pin holder 15 is embedded in the circular pressure sensor 14), and a friction pin 16 is tightened in the friction pin holder 15. A sensor holder 13, a circular pressure sensor 14, a friction pin holder 15 and a friction pin 16 constitute a friction coefficient test structure, and the friction coefficient test structure can change its fixed position along the radial direction of the force plate 11 where it is located through the form of slide rails or bolt holes.

[0040] like Figure 5 As shown, the loading system support device may include a limit fastening sleeve 5 (two in number), a support column 17, a cross beam 18 with a locking sleeve, a cross beam locking handle 19, a connector 20 and a cross beam lock 21. The support column 17 is installed on the experimental platform, and two limit fastening sleeves 5 are installed on the lifting column 4 and the support column 17 respectively. The required installation height can be designed as needed (the two limit fastening sleeves 5 installed on the lifting column 4 and the support column 17 need to be installed at the same horizontal height). According to the installation height of the limit fastening sleeve 5, the cross beam 18 with a locking sleeve can be fixed to the lifting column 4 and the support column 17 through the cross beam locking handle 19. The cross beam 18 with a locking sleeve includes two sections of cross beams, which are connected by a connector 20 and symmetrically locked and fixed by cross beam locks 21 installed on the two sections of the cross beams. The positive and negative installation here means that the beam lock buckle 21 on one side of the beam is positively installed, and the beam lock buckle 21 on the other side of the beam is reversely installed to ensure the stability of the entire beam 18 with the locking sleeve.

[0041] like Figure 1 , 6 As shown in , 7, the sample fixing and translation device may include a sample fixing seat 22, a fixing disc 23, a connecting shaft 24, a spherical roller bearing 25, a connecting rod connecting fastening sleeve 26, a radial ball bearing 27, a connecting pin 28, a slider 29, a translation guide rail 30, a motor connecting rod 3 and an experimental platform 31.

[0042] The sample holder 22 is mounted on the fixed disc 23. A pressure detection device is installed between the sample holder 22 and the fixed disc 23. The pressure detection device is a stress strain gauge or a pressure sensor, which is used to monitor and feedback the load value on the sample surface in real time. In a linear or short-range rotational reciprocating friction test, the number of sample holders 22 is the same as the number of friction pins 16, and each sample holder 22 is used to install an I-type friction plate. The movement range of each friction pin 16 in a linear or short-range rotational reciprocating friction test does not exceed the coverage range of its corresponding I-type friction plate, so that a linear or short-range rotational reciprocating friction test can be carried out simultaneously through multiple groups of friction pins 16. In a long-range rotational reciprocating friction test, the number of sample holders 22 is one, such as Figure 8 As shown, the sample fixing seat 22 is used to install the Type II friction plate, and the movement range of all friction pins 16 in the long-range rotational reciprocating friction test (different friction pins 16 can adjust their positions so that the rotation radius is staggered, and multiple groups of long-range rotational reciprocating friction tests are carried out simultaneously) does not exceed the coverage range of the Type II friction plate.

[0043] The fixed disc 23 is installed on the slider 29, and the slider 29 is installed in cooperation with the translation slide rail 30. The upper end of the connecting shaft 24 is connected to the fixed disc 23, and the motor connecting rod 3 is connected to the connecting rod connecting fastening sleeve 26. The connecting rod connecting fastening sleeve 26 is sleeved on the connecting shaft 24. Specifically, a spherical roller bearing 25 is installed on the connecting shaft 24, and the connecting rod connecting fastening sleeve 26 is installed on the bearing spherical roller bearing 25. This can ensure the translation stability and meet the rotational motion conditions; and the radial ball bearing 27 is installed in the connecting rod connecting fastening sleeve 26 with an interference fit, and the motor connecting rod 3 and the radial ball bearing 27 are fixedly connected by a connecting pin 28. When conducting a reciprocating friction experiment, the motor connecting rod 3 is driven by the electromagnetic driver 1.

[0044] like Figure 9-10 As shown, the rotating device includes a suspended support 32, an adjustable bracket 33, a flanged sleeve 34, a thrust bearing 35, a stepped shaft 36 and a Scotch yoke mechanism connecting rod 37.

[0045] The stepped shaft 36 is fixed in the flanged sleeve 34 via the thrust bearing 35, the suspended support 32 is fixed to the lower part of the test platform 31, the flanged sleeve 34 is supported on the suspended support 32 via the adjustable bracket 33, the Scotch yoke mechanism connecting rod 37 is connected to the lower end of the stepped shaft 36 (connected by a cylindrical pin), the connecting shaft 24 and the shoulder of the stepped shaft 36 are circumferentially fixedly connected (the end of the connecting shaft 24 and the shoulder of the stepped shaft 36 are both "tooth-shaped" and can mesh with each other, the shaft head of the stepped shaft 36 is inserted into the connecting shaft 24, and the "tooth shapes" of the two are matched to transmit torque). When performing the rotational friction experiment, the Scotch yoke mechanism connecting rod 37 is driven by the electromagnetic driver 1.

[0046] The control system is used to control the driving device and the loading device, and the data acquisition feedback system is used to collect experimental data and provide feedback on the entire high-throughput friction testing machine.

[0047] The electromagnetically driven and loaded high-throughput friction tester of the present invention includes two working processes. The first is the pre-experimental preparation work: open the crossbeam lock 21 of the loading system support device, rotate the crossbeam connected to the loading device to a fixed position, assemble a corresponding number of force plates 11 according to the needs of high-throughput experimental data in the friction test, and install the friction pin 16 equipped with a friction ball in the sensor fixing seat 13, and install the friction coefficient test structure (composed of a sensor fixing seat 13, annular pressure sensor 14, friction pin fixing seat 15 and friction pin 16) on the force plate 11; Secondly, according to the type of parallel or rotational friction experiment, select the relevant friction specimen (Type I friction plate or Type II friction plate) and install it on the specimen fixing seat 22. After the installation is completed, reset and lock the beam; adjust the loading device in the loading system support device to a suitable position by controlling the beam locking handle 19; according to the experimental conditions, combined with the pressure data value feedback from the pressure detection device installed between the specimen fixing seat 22 and the fixed disc 23, actively regulate the current passing through each electromagnet device 8, so as to achieve the purpose of each electromagnet device 8 driving each force disk 11 to apply the same or different loads respectively.

[0048] For the linear reciprocating friction experiment: according to the experimental needs, the electromagnetic driver 1 is started and controlled to provide periodic reciprocating motion, and the sample fixing and translation device is connected to the electromagnetic driver 1 via the motor connecting rod 3 to achieve the requirement of linear motion of the friction sample along the translation slide rail 30.

[0049] For the rotational friction experiment: unscrew the connecting bolts between the fixed disc 23 and the slider 29, adjust the height of the adjustable bracket 33, and make the fixed disc 23 and the slider 29 have a distance of 3-5mm. At the same time, lower the adjustable support 2, connect the electromagnetic driver 1 to the Scotch yoke mechanism connecting rod 37, and start and control the electromagnetic driver 1 according to the experimental needs to realize the rotational movement of the friction sample with the stepped shaft 36 as the axis.

[0050] The second is the specific friction test process, including:

[0051] (1) Reciprocating friction test: Select the translation reciprocating friction test mode on the PC interface, raise the adjustable support 2 to the connection position between the electromagnetic driver 1 and the motor connecting rod 3, connect the electromagnetic driver 1 and the motor connecting rod 3, and after powering on the equipment, the equipment enters the preheating-stable working state. Install the friction samples respectively, and adjust the end of the friction pin 16 in the loading device to 1-2mm from the surface of the lower friction part. On the PC control interface, set the driving frequency, displacement, and test time of the electromagnetic driver 1. Then, set the load values ​​of each force plate 11 in turn according to the experimental needs. After completing the setting of the experimental parameters, in the pre-stressing stage, the electronic control system of the test machine actively adjusts the current value in each electromagnet device 8 according to the pressure value fed back by the pressure detection device under the sample fixing seat 22, so as to accurately apply different load values. After the load is applied, the electromagnetic driver 1 starts working, and the friction data is collected by each annular pressure sensor 14. The collected high-throughput friction test results are stored and presented on the PC interface.

[0052] (2) Rotational friction test: Unscrew the connecting bolts between the fixed disc 23 and the slider 29, adjust the height of the adjustable bracket 33, make the shaft head of the stepped shaft 36 penetrate the connecting shaft 24, and the "tooth shape" matches, and at the same time, push the fixed disc 23 to rise 3-5mm to ensure that the fixed disc 23 and the slider 29 are completely separated. After that, select the rotational friction test mode on the PC interface, lower the adjustable bracket 2 to the connection position between the electromagnetic driver 1 and the Scotch yoke mechanism connecting rod 37, and connect the electromagnetic driver 1 and the Scotch yoke mechanism connecting rod 37. Then remove the sample holder 22, install the friction sample (Type II friction plate), adjust the radial position of each sensor holder 13, and realize the need of rubbing the same friction sample against different friction pins 16 at the same time. Finally, repeat the parameter setting operation in the friction experiment, complete the parameter setting before the rotational friction experiment, start the electromagnetic driver 1, complete the rotational friction experiment, and obtain the high-throughput rotational form friction experiment results.

[0053] In summary, the embodiment of the present application provides a high-throughput friction tester with electromagnetic drive and loading, in which the driving device and the loading device both use the electromagnetic induction principle to generate the required electromagnetic force, and the driving device uses an electromagnetic driver to achieve the periodic alternating reciprocating drive requirements. The driving scheme includes two parts: (1) the realization of the horizontal reciprocating friction test: the electromagnetic driver connects the motor connecting rod to drive the sample fixing and translation device to reciprocate horizontally; (2) the realization of the rotational motion friction test: unscrew the connecting bolts between the fixed disk and the slider, adjust the height of the adjustable bracket, match the stepped shaft with the connecting shaft, adjust the height of the adjustable support in the driving device, connect the electromagnetic driver with the Scotch yoke mechanism connecting rod, and drive the fixed disk to rotate. The load loading on the surface of the friction sample is to adjust the magnitude of the electromagnetic force by adjusting the magnitude of the induction coil current of each electromagnet device in the electromagnet installation box, so as to control the magnitude of the repulsive force on the force plate equipped with a permanent magnet, so as to achieve the simultaneous application of the same or different loads on the surfaces of multiple friction samples and obtain high-throughput friction test data. The driving device and the loading device are electrically connected to the electric control system and the data acquisition feedback system respectively. The control system is used to control the driving device and the loading device. The data acquisition feedback system is used to collect experimental data and provide feedback for the entire high-throughput friction testing machine.

[0054] The electromagnetically driven and loaded high-throughput friction testing machine provided in this application can meet the needs of different types of friction experiments such as translational or rotational reciprocating by changing the displacement parameters of the electromagnetic driver and adjusting the support height, thereby realizing multiple functions of one device. The high-throughput experimental effect is achieved by controlling the magnitude of the current on each electromagnet transposition separately, that is, multiple sets of friction test data are obtained at the same time under different loads or the same load conditions, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of the friction test. Both the driving device and the loading device adopt the principle of electromagnetic induction to achieve the purpose of driving and applying loads, with stable operation, small current, low power consumption, energy saving and environmental protection.

[0055] In this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, but do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0056] The above description is only an embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An electromagnetically driven and loaded high-throughput friction testing machine, comprising a driving device, a loading device, a loading system support device, a sample fixing and translation device, a rotating device, a control system and a data acquisition feedback system, characterized in that: The driving device comprises an electromagnetic driver (1) and an adjustable support (2), wherein the electromagnetic driver (1) is mounted on the adjustable support (2); The loading device comprises a lifting column (4), a fastening sleeve (6), an electromagnet mounting box (7), an electromagnet device (8), a limit fixing shaft (9), a limit spring device (10), a plurality of force plates (11), a permanent magnet (12), a sensor fixing seat (13), an annular pressure sensor (14), a friction pin fixing seat (15) and a friction pin (16). The lifting column (4) is inserted into a hole of the electromagnet mounting box (7) and is fastened and connected via the fastening sleeve (6). A plurality of mounting holes are distributed on the electromagnet mounting box (7), and an electromagnet device (8) is installed in each mounting hole. Each force plate (11) is provided with a plurality of mounting holes. The disk (11) is connected to the electromagnet mounting box (7) through a limit spring device (10) and a limit fixing shaft (9), and the force disk (11) can slide axially along the limit fixing shaft (9). A sensor fixing seat (13) and a permanent magnet (12) are installed on each group of force disks (11), and each permanent magnet (12) corresponds to each electromagnet device (8) one by one. A circular pressure sensor (14) is installed in the sensor fixing seat (13), and a friction pin fixing seat (15) is installed in the circular pressure sensor (14). The friction pin (16) is tightened in the friction pin fixing seat (15); The loading system support device comprises a limit fixing sleeve (5), a support column (17), a cross beam with a locking sleeve (18), a cross beam locking handle (19), a connecting piece (20) and a cross beam locking buckle (21), wherein the two limit fixing sleeves (5) are respectively mounted on the lifting column (4) and the support column (17), and the cross beam with the locking sleeve (18) is fixed to the lifting column (4) and the support column (17) by the cross beam locking handle (19), and the two sections of the cross beam with the locking sleeve (18) are connected by the connecting piece (20) and locked and fixed by the cross beam locking buckle (21) mounted on the cross beam in both directions; The sample fixing and translation device comprises a sample fixing seat (22), a fixed disc (23), a connecting shaft (24), a slider (29), a translation slide rail (30), a motor connecting rod (3), a connecting rod connection fastening sleeve (26) and an experimental platform (31), wherein the support column (17) is mounted on the experimental platform (31), the sample fixing seat (22) is mounted on the fixed disc (23), the fixed disc (23) is mounted on the slider (29), the slider (29) and the translation slide rail (30) are mounted in cooperation, the upper end of the connecting shaft (24) is connected to the fixed disc (23), the motor connecting rod (3) is connected to the connecting rod connection fastening sleeve (26), and the connecting rod connection fastening sleeve (26) is sleeved on the connecting shaft (24), and when performing a reciprocating friction experiment, the motor connecting rod (3) is driven by the electromagnetic driver (1); The rotating device comprises a suspended support (32), an adjustable support (33), a flanged shaft sleeve (34), a thrust bearing (35), a stepped shaft (36) and a Scotch yoke mechanism connecting rod (37); the stepped shaft (36) is fixed in the flanged shaft sleeve (34) via the thrust bearing (35); the flanged shaft sleeve (34) is supported on the suspended support (32) via the adjustable support (33); the Scotch yoke mechanism connecting rod (37) is connected to the lower end of the stepped shaft (36); the connecting shaft (24) and the shoulder of the stepped shaft (36) are circumferentially fixedly connected; when performing a rotating friction experiment, the Scotch yoke mechanism connecting rod (37) is driven by the electromagnetic driver (1); the end of the connecting shaft (24) and the shoulder of the stepped shaft (36) are "toothed", the shaft head of the stepped shaft (36) penetrates into the connecting shaft (24), and the "toothed" of the two are matched to transmit torque; The control system is used to control the driving device and the loading device, and the data acquisition feedback system is used to collect experimental data and provide feedback on the entire high-throughput friction tester; The load on the friction sample surface is applied by adjusting the magnitude of the electromagnetic force by adjusting the magnitude of the induction coil current of each electromagnet device in the electromagnet installation box, so as to control the magnitude of the repulsive force on the force plate equipped with the permanent magnet, so as to achieve simultaneous application of the same or different loads on the surfaces of multiple friction samples and obtain high-throughput friction test data; In the linear reciprocating friction experiment, the adjustable support (2) is raised to the connection position between the electromagnetic driver (1) and the motor connecting rod (3), the electromagnetic driver (1) and the motor connecting rod (3) are connected, and the electromagnetic driver (1) is started and controlled to provide periodic reciprocating motion according to the experimental requirements. The sample fixing and translation device is connected to the electromagnetic driver (1) via the motor connecting rod (3), so as to realize the linear motion requirement of the friction sample along the translation slide rail (30); In the rotational friction experiment, the connecting bolts between the fixed disc (23) and the slider (29) are screwed out, and the height of the adjustable bracket (33) is adjusted so that the shaft head of the stepped shaft (36) is inserted into the connecting shaft (24) and the "tooth shape" matches. At the same time, the fixed disc 23 is pushed up to ensure that the fixed disc (23) and the slider (29) are completely separated. The adjustable bracket (2) is lowered to the connection position between the electromagnetic driver (1) and the Scotch yoke mechanism connecting rod (37), and the electromagnetic driver (1) and the Scotch yoke mechanism connecting rod (37) are connected. The electromagnetic driver (1) is started and controlled according to the experimental needs to realize the rotational movement of the friction sample with the stepped shaft (36) as the axis.

2. The electromagnetically driven and loaded high-throughput friction testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading device adopts the principle of electromagnetic induction to achieve the purpose of applying external load on the surface of the friction sample.

3. The electromagnetically driven and loaded high-throughput friction testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnet device (8) comprises an iron core and an induction coil, and the iron core is any one of the types "E", "I", "O", and "U".

4. The electromagnetically driven and loaded high-throughput friction testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In a linear or short-range reciprocating friction test, the number of the sample fixing seats (22) is the same as the number of the friction pins (16), and each sample fixing seat (22) is used to mount an I-type friction plate, and the movement range of each friction pin (16) in the linear or short-range reciprocating friction test does not exceed the coverage range of its corresponding I-type friction plate.

5. The electromagnetically driven and loaded high-throughput friction testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the long-range rotary reciprocating friction test, the number of the sample fixing seat (22) is one, and the sample fixing seat (22) is used to mount the type II friction plate. The movement range of all friction pins (16) in the long-range rotary reciprocating friction test does not exceed the coverage range of the type II friction plate.

6. The electromagnetically driven and loaded high-throughput friction testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular pressure sensor (14) is installed in each sensor fixing seat (13), a friction pin fixing seat (15) is installed in the annular pressure sensor (14), and a friction pin (16) is tightened in the friction pin fixing seat (15), thereby forming a friction coefficient test structure. The friction coefficient test structure changes its fixed position along the radial direction of the force plate (11) where it is located by means of a slide rail or a bolt hole.

7. The electromagnetically driven and loaded high-throughput friction testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure detection device is installed between the sample fixing seat (22) and the fixing disc (23). The pressure detection device is a stress strain gauge or a pressure sensor, and is used to monitor and feedback the load value on the sample surface in real time.

8. The electromagnetically driven and loaded high-throughput friction testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sample fixing and translation device further comprises a spherical roller bearing (25), a radial ball bearing (27), and a connecting pin (28); the spherical roller bearing (25) is mounted on the connecting shaft (24); the connecting rod connecting fastening sleeve (26) is mounted on the spherical roller bearing (25); the radial ball bearing (27) is interference-fitted into the connecting rod connecting fastening sleeve (26); and the motor connecting rod (3) and the radial ball bearing (27) are fixedly connected via the connecting pin (28).

9. The electromagnetically driven and loaded high-throughput friction testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Scotch yoke mechanism connecting rod (37) is connected to the stepped shaft (36) via a cylindrical pin.

Images