A method for extracting high-purity 60 protein from cotton seeds

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of cottonseed protein extraction, and in particular to a method for extracting high-purity 60 protein from cottonseed, comprising: step S1, stripping cottonseed from fiber by a sawtooth type linting machine; step S2, soaking the separated cottonseed and drying and cracking it; step S3, separating cottonseed hulls from cottonseed kernels by a step screen device, and separating cottonseed kernels from other debris and impurities by a specific gravity winnowing machine; step S4, rolling to prepare cottonseed embryo slices, denaturing cottonseed protein in the cottonseed embryo slices by a cooking process, and completing the extraction after oil is discharged. The present invention allows cottonseed hulls to crack naturally by soaking and then drying, reduces the influence of cottonseed hull debris generated in mechanical shelling on the purity of cottonseed kernels, reduces the fragmentation of cottonseed kernels, and improves the output rate. In the separation process of the step screen device, the initial step height or initial vibration frequency of the step screen is adjusted according to the sampling result, thereby improving the purity of cottonseed kernels and thus improving the purity of 60 protein.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cottonseed protein extraction, in particular to a method for extracting high-purity 60 protein from cottonseed. Background Art

[0002] Cottonseed is the seed of cotton. The protein content of cottonseed cake after oil extraction from cottonseed kernels is as high as 60%, which is 4 to 5 times the protein content of wheat flour, 6 to 7 times that of rice, and even higher than soybean meal. Cottonseed protein is a high-protein product made from cottonseeds that are delinted and shelled, soaked in oil at low temperature, drained, and then the toxic substance gossypol is removed. It is a newly launched protein raw material in China. Cottonseed protein is a very good protein food and feed protein source. It is similar to bean protein in quality and has a much higher nutritional value than cereal protein.

[0003] Chinese patent application publication number: CN105475638A, discloses a cottonseed protein production process, which is through degreasing and low-temperature drying, and then processed by a puffing machine to obtain puffed cotton embryos; the puffed cotton embryos are treated with methanol solvent to remove cottonphenol, and the cotton embryos after dephenolization are centrifuged and then dried to obtain the finished cottonseed protein; it can be seen that in the existing cottonseed protein production process, due to the lack of precise process control and lack of cottonseed treatment, the separation of cottonseed hulls and cottonseed kernels is insufficient. Therefore, when producing cottonseed 60 protein, it is very easy to be mixed with part of the cottonseed hulls and a small amount of cotton fibers outside the cottonseed hulls, so that the extracted cottonseed 60 protein has poor purity. Summary of the invention

[0004] To this end, the present invention provides a method for extracting high-purity 60 protein from cotton seeds, so as to overcome the problem in the prior art that cottonseed 60 protein is easily mixed with cottonseed hulls in cottonseed kernels during batch extraction, resulting in low production efficiency and poor purity of the extracted cottonseed 60 protein.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for extracting high-purity 60 protein from cotton seeds, comprising:

[0006] Step S1, separating the cotton seeds from the fibers, detecting the down content of the cotton seed sample, determining that the down content of the sample does not exceed the standard down content, and determining that the cotton seed separation is completed;

[0007] Step S2, soaking the separated cotton seeds, taking samples to measure the swelling amount of the cotton seeds to determine whether they are up-to-standard cotton seeds, and determining whether the soaking is completed according to the proportion of up-to-standard cotton seeds in the sample, and screening the soaked cotton seeds and putting them into a fluidized bed gas dryer for drying and cracking;

[0008] Step S3, separating the cracked cottonseed hulls and cottonseed kernels once by a stepped sieve device, sampling the separated cottonseed kernels, measuring the weight ratio of the cottonseed kernels in the sample as the real-time cottonseed kernel ratio, determining that the real-time cottonseed kernel ratio is greater than or equal to the standard cottonseed kernel ratio, and determining that the separated cottonseed kernels have completed one separation;

[0009] The cottonseed kernels that have completed the primary separation are separated for the second time through a gravity air separator.

[0010] In step S3, if the real-time cottonseed kernel ratio of the sample is less than the standard cottonseed kernel ratio, the separated cottonseed kernels are put back into the step screen device for separation, and it is determined whether to adjust the initial step height or initial vibration frequency of the step screen;

[0011] Step S4, collecting the cottonseed kernels after winnowing and mechanically rolling them after softening to form cottonseed embryo flakes, drying the cottonseed embryo flakes, denaturing the cottonseed protein in the cottonseed embryo flakes through a cooking process, and draining the oil in the cottonseed embryo flakes through pressing to complete the extraction of high-purity 60 protein.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S3, the process of separating the cracked cottonseed hulls from the cottonseed kernels comprises:

[0013] Putting the dried and cracked cotton seeds into the step screen device;

[0014] Control the start-up of the step screen equipment with preset operating parameters;

[0015] Among them, the preset operating parameters include the initial step height and initial vibration frequency of the step screen in the step screen equipment.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S3, the process of adjusting the initial step height of the step screen is as follows:

[0017] Determine that the real-time cottonseed kernel ratio of the sample is less than the standard cottonseed kernel ratio;

[0018] Make sure there is no intact cottonseed husk covering the surface of the cottonseed kernel in the sample;

[0019] Calculate the difference between the real-time cottonseed kernel ratio and the standard cottonseed kernel ratio and determine the increased height;

[0020] Adjust the initial step height of the step screen according to the increased height.

[0021] Furthermore, in step S3, the process of adjusting the initial vibration frequency of the step screen is as follows:

[0022] Determine that the real-time cottonseed kernel ratio of the sample is less than the standard cottonseed kernel ratio;

[0023] Determine the presence of intact cottonseed hulls covering the surface of cottonseed kernels in the sample;

[0024] Calculating the hull non-detachment rate of intact and coated cottonseed hulls and determining that the hull non-detachment rate is greater than the standard detachment rate;

[0025] The initial vibration frequency of the step screen is adjusted to Fc'=Fc×[1+(Ab-As) / Ab];

[0026] Where Fc is the initial vibration frequency of the step screen, Ab is the standard cottonseed kernel ratio, and As is the real-time cottonseed kernel ratio.

[0027] Further, the process of calculating the intact and coated cottonseed hull non-detachment rate is as follows:

[0028] The intact and coated cottonseed hull is stripped from the cottonseed kernel;

[0029] Screen out cottonseed kernels from the sample;

[0030] Measure the total weight of the non-cottonseed kernel portion;

[0031] Measure the weight of the stripped intact cottonseed hulls;

[0032] The ratio of the weight of the peeled intact cottonseed hull to the total weight of the non-cottonseed kernel portion was calculated as the hull non-detachment rate.

[0033] Furthermore, in step S3, the process of sampling the separated cottonseed kernels is as follows:

[0034] Sampling the separated cottonseed kernels at preset sampling intervals;

[0035] The preset sampling interval duration is adjusted according to the comparison result between the standard cottonseed kernel ratio and the real-time cottonseed kernel ratio.

[0036] Furthermore, the process of adjusting the preset sampling interval duration is as follows:

[0037] Determine that the real-time cottonseed kernel ratio is greater than the standard cottonseed kernel ratio and increase the sampling interval;

[0038] Or determine that the real-time cottonseed kernel ratio is less than the standard cottonseed kernel ratio and reduce the sampling interval.

[0039] Furthermore, in step S2, the process of sampling and measuring the swelling amount of cotton seeds to determine whether the cotton seeds meet the standards is as follows:

[0040] Measure the maximum transverse diameter of any cotton seed in the sample;

[0041] The proportion of the maximum transverse diameter exceeding the average maximum diameter of the original cotton seeds is calculated as the expansion amount of the cotton seeds;

[0042] Determine that the cottonseed swelling amount meets the cottonseed swelling standard;

[0043] It is determined that the cottonseed is up to standard.

[0044] Further, in step S2, the process of determining whether the soaking is completed according to the proportion of qualified cotton seeds in the sample is as follows:

[0045] Calculate the ratio of the number of cotton seeds that meet the standards in this sample to the total number of cotton seeds in the sample;

[0046] Determine that the ratio reaches the required proportion,

[0047] The soaking is judged to be completed.

[0048] Furthermore, in step S2, the cotton seeds that have been soaked are screened as follows:

[0049] Take out the soaked cotton seeds, drain and weigh;

[0050] The screening weight is calculated based on the ratio of the number of cotton seeds that meet the standards in this sample to the total number of cotton seeds in the sample and the weight of the soaked cotton seeds;

[0051] Use a screening device to screen out substandard cotton seeds from small to large in size;

[0052] When the weight of the cotton seeds that do not meet the standards reaches the screening weight, the screening is stopped.

[0053] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention lies in that the cottonseed hulls are naturally cracked by soaking and then drying, which, on the one hand, reduces the cottonseed hull debris generated during the mechanical shelling process that affects the purity of the cottonseed kernels, and on the other hand, reduces the breakage of the cottonseed kernels and improves the output rate; at the same time, the cottonseed hulls and cottonseed kernels are separated once by a step screen device. During the separation process, samples are taken at a preset sampling interval, and according to the judgment of the sampling results, it is determined whether to adjust the initial step height or initial vibration frequency of the step screen, thereby improving the accuracy of the separation. At the same time, the cottonseed kernels that have completed the first separation are subjected to a second separation by a specific gravity air separator to remove impurities and debris mixed in the cottonseed kernels, thereby further improving the purity of the cottonseed kernels and ensuring the extraction of high-purity 60 protein.

[0054] Furthermore, by checking the lint content of the cottonseed sample and determining whether the separation of the cottonseed and the fiber is complete, the purity of the cottonseed can be effectively improved. At the same time, since the expansion of the cottonseed needs to be measured during the cottonseed soaking process, the measured size of the cottonseed with a higher lint content will affect the actual expansion of the cottonseed. Therefore, controlling the lint content of the cottonseed further ensures the precise control of the cottonseed soaking.

[0055] Furthermore, the cottonseed protein in the cottonseed embryo flakes is denatured through a cooking process, and anti-nutritional factors such as gossypol, trypsin inhibitors and phytic acid are quickly removed, thereby increasing protein digestion and absorption, making the cottonseed protein more suitable for human or animal consumption. In the high-temperature and high-pressure cooking process, the cooking temperature is precisely controlled to avoid excessive denaturation of the cottonseed protein and loss of nutritional value. At the same time, the oil in the cottonseed embryo flakes is expelled by pressing, completing the extraction of high-purity 60 protein method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the method for extracting high-purity 60 protein from cotton seeds in this embodiment;

[0057] Figure 2 Flow chart of the initial step height adjustment process of the step screen in this embodiment;

[0058] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of the initial vibration frequency adjustment process of the step screen in this embodiment;

[0059] Figure 4 This is a flow chart of the process of calculating the shell non-detachment rate in this embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] In order to make the objects and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0061] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0062] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "inside" and "outside" indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. This is merely for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0063] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0064] See also Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for extracting high-purity 60 protein from cotton seeds, comprising:

[0065] Step S1, stripping cotton seeds from fibers by a sawtooth stripping machine, sampling and testing the stripped cotton seeds, calculating the sample lint content in the cotton seed sample, judging the sample lint content according to the standard lint content, and determining whether the cotton seed separation is completed;

[0066] Step S2, soaking the separated cotton seeds with deionized water at a preset soaking temperature, determining whether the soaking is completed according to the expansion amount of the cotton seeds, and putting the soaked cotton seeds into a fluidized bed gas dryer for drying and cracking;

[0067] Step S3, separating the cracked cottonseed hulls and cottonseed kernels once by a step screen device, sampling the separated cottonseed kernels, measuring the weight of the cottonseed kernels in the sample and calculating the real-time cottonseed kernel ratio of the sample, and when the real-time cottonseed kernel ratio is greater than or equal to the standard cottonseed kernel ratio, determining that the separated cottonseed kernels have completed one separation, and determining that the separation of the step screen device is normal, and not adjusting the preset operating parameters of the step screen device;

[0068] The cottonseed kernels that have been separated once are subjected to secondary separation by a gravity air separator to separate the cottonseed kernels from other debris and impurities;

[0069] In step S3, if the real-time cottonseed kernel ratio of the sample is less than the standard cottonseed kernel ratio, the separated cottonseed kernels are put back into the step screen device for separation, and it is determined whether to adjust the initial step height or initial vibration frequency of the step screen;

[0070] Step S4, collecting cottonseed kernels and mechanically crushing them after softening to obtain cottonseed embryo flakes, drying the cottonseed embryo flakes to remove residual moisture therein, and denaturing the cottonseed protein in the cottonseed embryo flakes through a high temperature and high pressure cooking process, and then pressing the cottonseed embryo flakes to discharge the oil therein, thereby completing the extraction of high-purity 60 protein.

[0071] Specifically, in step S1, the lint content of the cottonseed sample is determined by setting a standard lint content.

[0072] If the down content of the sample is not higher than the standard down content, it is determined that the current cottonseed separation is completed;

[0073] If the sample down content is higher than the standard down content, it is determined that the current cotton seeds have not been separated, and the sawtooth type depilator continues to depilate until the sample down content of the detected cotton seed sample is less than or equal to the standard down content, and the depilation operation of the sawtooth type depilator is stopped;

[0074] In this embodiment, the sampling and testing of the stripped cotton seeds can be manual sampling and testing, and the sampling basis can be quantity sampling or weight sampling. The ratio of the fiber weight in the sample to the total weight of the sample is calculated as the sample down content. The set standard down content is generally not less than 98.2%, and can also be set accordingly according to the type of sawtooth stripping machine selected. If it is impossible to process the sample to a lower down content, acid treatment can be used to remove it if necessary.

[0075] Specifically, in step S2, the preset soaking temperature shall not exceed 60°C to avoid denaturation of cottonseed protein extraction in the cottonseed kernel. On this basis, setting a higher temperature can improve the cottonseed expansion efficiency. The expansion amount of the cottonseed during the soaking process is determined by setting the cottonseed expansion standard. The cottonseed expansion standard is usually set as follows: the maximum transverse diameter of the cottonseed expands to 30% of the average maximum diameter of the original cottonseed. The cottonseed whose expansion amount meets the cottonseed expansion standard can be recorded as qualified cottonseed. When the qualified cottonseed exceeds three quarters of the total number of samples taken during any soaking test sampling, the soaking is determined to be completed.

[0076] Furthermore, cotton seeds with poor expansion effect are screened out through the screening device, and the screening standard is reversely calculated based on the proportion of cotton seeds that meet the standards during sampling; for example, the number of samples is 100, of which 90 meet the standards, then the proportion of cotton seeds that meet the standards is 90%, which is greater than the required three-quarters. At this time, it is determined that the soaking is completed, the soaked cotton seeds are taken out and drained, weighed to 100 kg, and the cotton seeds with smaller volume are screened out through the screening device. When the screened out cotton seeds that do not meet the standards reach 10 kg, the screening is stopped.

[0077] Specifically, in step S2, the soaked cotton seeds are quickly dried by using a fluidized bed gas dryer to crack the cotton seed hulls. During this process, the dryer temperature cannot be too high to avoid denaturation of the cottonseed protein in the cotton seeds. At the same time, the drying and cracking efficiency can be improved by controlling the flow rate of the drying gas. If the drying and cracking method cannot achieve good cracking, the cotton seeds can also be rolled to crack them. However, when rolling or shelling machines are actually used to shell the cotton seeds, the cottonseed kernels are easily broken, thereby reducing the output rate.

[0078] Specifically, in step S3, a standard cottonseed kernel ratio is set, the dried and cracked cotton seeds are put into the step screen device, the step screen device is started by controlling the preset operating parameters, the cottonseed hulls and cottonseed kernels are separated, the separated cottonseed kernels are sampled and tested, and the real-time cottonseed kernel ratio of the sample is measured, and the real-time cottonseed kernel ratio is determined according to the standard cottonseed kernel ratio.

[0079] When the real-time cotton seed kernel ratio is greater than or equal to the standard cotton seed kernel ratio, the separation of the step screen device is determined to be normal, and the preset operating parameters of the step screen device are not adjusted. The separated cotton seed kernels are determined to have completed one separation, and the cotton seed kernels that have completed one separation are put into the gravity air separator for secondary separation;

[0080] Among them, the preset operating parameters include the initial step height and initial vibration frequency of the step screen in the step screen equipment.

[0081] In this embodiment, the set standard cottonseed kernel ratio should be no less than 87%, and can also be set specifically according to the parameters of the equipment. Since the cottonseed kernels that pass through the step screen in this embodiment also need to be air-selected to remove impurities and slag, there is no need to set too high requirements for the setting of the standard cottonseed kernel ratio.

[0082] Further, in step S3, when the real-time cottonseed kernel ratio is less than the standard cottonseed kernel ratio, the state of the cottonseed hulls mixed in the sample to be sampled is determined.

[0083] If there are intact cottonseed hulls covering the surface of the cottonseed kernels in the sample, the hull non-detachment rate is calculated to determine whether to adjust the initial vibration frequency of the step screen;

[0084] If there are no complete cottonseed shells covering the surface of the cottonseed kernels in the sample, the initial step height of the step screen will be increased and adjusted according to the real-time cottonseed kernel ratio and the standard cottonseed kernel ratio until the real-time cottonseed kernel ratio is greater than or equal to the standard cottonseed kernel ratio.

[0085] In this embodiment, the step height of the step screen is the height difference between the two ends of the step screen, and this parameter can also be converted into the inclination angle of the step screen according to the length of the step screen; in the selection of the sieve plate of the step screen, a comb-shaped sieve plate or a perforated mesh plate with a higher density needs to be selected;

[0086] In step S3, a fixed height increase of the step screen and a corresponding single-stage ratio are required. Taking this embodiment as an example, the fixed height increase is 5 cm, and the corresponding single-stage ratio is 2%. The difference between the real-time cottonseed kernel ratio and the standard cottonseed kernel ratio is calculated, and the increased height is determined by rounding up the difference and the multiple of the single-stage ratio;

[0087] Taking the real-time cottonseed kernel ratio of 80% as an example, the difference between it and the standard cottonseed kernel ratio is 7%, and the calculated increase level is 7% / 2%=3.5, which is rounded up to 4. Therefore, the determined increase height is 4×5cm=20cm;

[0088] Further, in step S3, a standard detachment rate is set. If there are intact cottonseed hulls covering the surface of the cottonseed kernels in the sample, the intact and covered cottonseed hulls will be peeled off and weighed, and the weight of the cottonseed hulls in this state will account for the proportion of the total weight of the non-cottonseed kernel part in the sample, which is recorded as the hull non-detachment rate. The hull non-detachment rate is determined according to the standard detachment rate.

[0089] If the shell non-detachment rate of the sample is less than or equal to the standard detachment rate, the initial vibration frequency of the step screen is not adjusted, and the separated cottonseed kernels are put back into the step screen device for separation;

[0090] If the shell non-detachment rate of the sample is greater than the standard detachment rate, the initial vibration frequency of the step sieve is adjusted to increase, Fc' = Fc × [1 + (Ab-As) / Ab];

[0091] Among them, Fc is the initial vibration frequency of the step screen, Fc' is the initial vibration frequency of the step screen after adjustment, Ab is the standard cottonseed kernel ratio, and As is the real-time cottonseed kernel ratio.

[0092] In this embodiment, the standard separation rate is set to 3%. If the calculated shell non-separation rate exceeds 3%, the initial vibration frequency of the step screen needs to be increased, and the separated cottonseed kernel part needs to be re-screened;

[0093] In step S3, the maximum number of repeated screenings for a single batch of the step screen equipment can be set. If the shell retention rate still does not meet the standard after multiple re-screenings, the cottonseed cracking process in step S2 needs to be checked. Generally speaking, the number of repeated screenings should not exceed three times. Too many repeated screenings will easily increase the degree of cottonseed kernel breakage.

[0094] Specifically, in step S3, the sampling detection of the separated cottonseed kernels is real-time sampling, and a sampling interval is preset. When the real-time cottonseed kernel ratio is determined according to the standard cottonseed kernel ratio, the sampling interval is adaptively adjusted according to the determination result, and the cumulative adjustment can be performed;

[0095] When the real-time cottonseed kernel ratio is greater than the standard cottonseed kernel ratio, the sampling interval is increased, wherein,

[0096] Tc1=Tc×[1+(As-Ab) / Ab],

[0097] Wherein, Tc1 is the increased sampling interval, Tc is the preset sampling interval, Ab is the standard cottonseed kernel ratio, and As is the real-time cottonseed kernel ratio.

[0098] When the real-time cottonseed kernel ratio is less than the standard cottonseed kernel ratio, the sampling interval is shortened, wherein:

[0099] Tc2=Tc×[1-(Ab-As) / Ab],

[0100] Wherein, Tc2 is the reduced sampling interval, Tc is the preset sampling interval, Ab is the standard cottonseed kernel ratio, and As is the real-time cottonseed kernel ratio.

[0101] In this embodiment, the preset sampling interval duration needs to be set accordingly according to the discharge rate of the step screen. Generally, the output of the separated cottonseed kernels in a single sampling is required to be at least 5 kg. For example, if the discharge rate of the step screen is 1 kg / min, the corresponding preset sampling interval duration is at least 300 s.

[0102] In step S3, after each sampling test, the separated cottonseed kernels will be processed, either put into a specific gravity air separator for screening, or put into a step screen device for separation again.

[0103] Furthermore, in step S4, a softening pot is used to soften the cottonseed kernels. In this embodiment, the softening time is set to 30 minutes, the softening temperature is 70° C., the softening water content is 10%, and the steam pressure of the softening pot is 0.15 Mpa.

[0104] Cottonseed embryo flakes are prepared by softening the cottonseed kernels and then mechanically crushing them. This can firstly make the cottonseed embryo flakes easier to shape, and at the same time, can also improve the uniformity of heating of the cottonseed embryo flakes in the subsequent cooking process, ensuring uniform protein denaturation and controllable proportions.

[0105] In step S4, the cottonseed embryo flakes are steamed at a high temperature by setting a preset steaming temperature and a preset steaming pressure to determine the real-time denaturation ratio of the cottonseed protein, and the real-time denaturation ratio of the cottonseed protein is judged according to the set standard denaturation ratio to determine whether the steaming is completed;

[0106] If the real-time denaturation ratio reaches the standard denaturation ratio, it is determined that the cottonseed protein has been denatured and the cooking is stopped;

[0107] If the real-time denaturation ratio does not reach the standard denaturation ratio, it is determined that the cottonseed protein has not been completely denatured, and the current cooking time of the cottonseed embryo flakes is obtained for determination.

[0108] Among them, the preset cooking temperature setting is usually between 85-100°C. A higher temperature (such as 100°C) helps to quickly remove anti-nutritional factors, but requires precise control to avoid excessive denaturation. When processed in a closed high-pressure cooking device, the preset cooking pressure usually uses a pressure of 1-2 atmospheres to ensure uniform heating and efficient sterilization.

[0109] At the same time, rapid cooling is required immediately after cooking to prevent further denaturation of the protein; in this embodiment, cold water immersion treatment is adopted.

[0110] In step S4, a cooking control time is set, including a minimum cooking time of 20 minutes and a maximum cooking time of 60 minutes. If the real-time denaturation ratio of the cottonseed protein does not reach the standard denaturation ratio, the current cooking time of the cottonseed embryo flakes is obtained for determination;

[0111] If the current cooking time of the cottonseed embryo flakes has reached the maximum cooking time, the cooking is stopped;

[0112] If the current cooking time of the cottonseed embryo flakes does not reach the maximum cooking time, the high temperature and high pressure cooking process is not adjusted and the cottonseed embryo flakes continue to be cooked.

[0113] In step S4, the real-time denaturation ratio of cottonseed protein can be determined by turbidity measurement or differential scanning calorimetry, which can be selected according to the convenience of actual sampling.

[0114] Turbidity measurement reflects the solubility state and aggregation degree of protein solution by measuring its transmittance. During the denaturation process, the change of protein solubility will affect the turbidity of the solution. By measuring the change of transmittance, the denaturation ratio can be evaluated. It is relatively convenient to take samples during the cooking process and can be tested directly, but the detection accuracy is low.

[0115] Differential scanning calorimetry measures the heat absorption or release of protein samples during heating to generate a thermodynamic characteristic curve. By measuring the thermal denaturation temperature and thermal enthalpy change of the protein, the degree of protein denaturation can be determined.

[0116] So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0117] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for extracting cottonseed cake with 60% protein content from cottonseed, characterized in that: include, Step S1, separating the cotton seeds from the fibers, detecting the down content of the cotton seed sample, determining that the down content of the sample does not exceed the standard down content, and determining that the cotton seed separation is completed; Step S2, soaking the separated cotton seeds, taking samples to measure the swelling amount of the cotton seeds to determine whether they are up-to-standard cotton seeds, and determining whether the soaking is completed according to the proportion of up-to-standard cotton seeds in the sample, and screening the soaked cotton seeds and putting them into a fluidized bed gas dryer for drying and cracking; Step S3, separating the cracked cottonseed hulls and cottonseed kernels once by a stepped sieve device, sampling the separated cottonseed kernels, measuring the weight ratio of the cottonseed kernels in the sample as the real-time cottonseed kernel ratio, determining that the real-time cottonseed kernel ratio is greater than or equal to the standard cottonseed kernel ratio, and determining that the separated cottonseed kernels have completed one separation; The cottonseed kernels that have completed the primary separation are separated for the second time through a gravity air separator. In step S3, if the real-time cottonseed kernel ratio of the sample is less than the standard cottonseed kernel ratio, the separated cottonseed kernels are put back into the step screen device for separation, and it is determined whether to adjust the initial step height or initial vibration frequency of the step screen; Step S4, collecting the cottonseed kernels after air selection and mechanically rolling them after softening to form cottonseed embryo flakes, drying the cottonseed embryo flakes, denaturing the cottonseed protein in the cottonseed embryo flakes through a cooking process, and draining the oil in the cottonseed embryo flakes through pressing to complete the extraction of cottonseed cake with a protein content of 60%.

2. The method for extracting cottonseed cake with 60% protein content from cottonseed according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the process of separating the cracked cottonseed hulls from the cottonseed kernels comprises: Putting the dried and cracked cotton seeds into the step screen device; Control the start-up of the step screen equipment with preset operating parameters; Among them, the preset operating parameters include the initial step height and initial vibration frequency of the step screen in the step screen equipment.

3. The method for extracting cottonseed cake with 60% protein content from cottonseed according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the process of adjusting the initial step height of the step screen is as follows: Determine that the real-time cottonseed kernel ratio of the sample is less than the standard cottonseed kernel ratio; Make sure there is no intact cottonseed husk covering the surface of the cottonseed kernel in the sample; Calculate the difference between the real-time cottonseed kernel ratio and the standard cottonseed kernel ratio and determine the increased height; Adjust the initial step height of the step screen according to the increased height.

4. The method for extracting cottonseed cake with 60% protein content from cottonseed according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the process of adjusting the initial vibration frequency of the step screen is as follows: Determine that the real-time cottonseed kernel ratio of the sample is less than the standard cottonseed kernel ratio; Determine the presence of intact cottonseed hulls covering the surface of cottonseed kernels in the sample; Calculating the hull non-detachment rate of intact and coated cottonseed hulls and determining that the hull non-detachment rate is greater than the standard detachment rate; The initial vibration frequency of the step screen is adjusted to Fc'=Fc×[1+(Ab-As) / Ab]; Where Fc is the initial vibration frequency of the step screen, Ab is the standard cottonseed kernel ratio, and As is the real-time cottonseed kernel ratio.

5. The method for extracting cottonseed cake with 60% protein content from cottonseed according to claim 4, characterized in that: The process of calculating the hull non-detachment rate of the complete and coated cottonseed hull is as follows: The intact and coated cottonseed hull is stripped from the cottonseed kernel; Screen out cottonseed kernels from the sample; Measure the total weight of the non-cottonseed kernel portion; Measure the weight of the stripped intact cottonseed hulls; The ratio of the weight of the peeled intact cottonseed hull to the total weight of the non-cottonseed kernel portion was calculated as the hull non-detachment rate.

6. The method for extracting cottonseed cake with 60% protein content from cottonseed according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the process of sampling the separated cottonseed kernels is as follows: Sampling the separated cottonseed kernels at preset sampling intervals; The preset sampling interval duration is adjusted according to the comparison result between the standard cottonseed kernel ratio and the real-time cottonseed kernel ratio.

7. The method for extracting cottonseed cake with 60% protein content from cottonseed according to claim 6, characterized in that: The process of adjusting the preset sampling interval duration is as follows: Determine that the real-time cottonseed kernel ratio is greater than the standard cottonseed kernel ratio and increase the sampling interval; Or determine that the real-time cottonseed kernel ratio is less than the standard cottonseed kernel ratio and reduce the sampling interval.

8. The method for extracting cottonseed cake with 60% protein content from cottonseed according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the process of sampling and measuring the swelling amount of cotton seeds to determine whether the cotton seeds meet the standards is as follows: Measure the maximum transverse diameter of any cotton seed in the sample; The proportion of the maximum transverse diameter exceeding the average maximum diameter of the original cotton seeds is calculated as the expansion amount of the cotton seeds; Determine that the cottonseed swelling amount meets the cottonseed swelling standard; It is determined that the cottonseed is up to standard.

9. The method for extracting cottonseed cake with 60% protein content from cottonseed according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S2, the process of determining whether the soaking is completed according to the proportion of qualified cotton seeds in the sample is as follows: Calculate the ratio of the number of cotton seeds that meet the standards in this sample to the total number of cotton seeds in the sample; Determine that the ratio reaches the required proportion, The soaking is judged to be completed.

10. The method for extracting cottonseed cake with 60% protein content from cottonseed according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S2, the cotton seeds that have been soaked are screened as follows: Take out the soaked cotton seeds, drain and weigh; The screening weight is calculated based on the ratio of the number of cotton seeds that meet the standards in this sample to the total number of cotton seeds in the sample and the weight of the soaked cotton seeds; Use a screening device to screen out substandard cotton seeds from small to large in size; When the weight of the cotton seeds that do not meet the standards reaches the screening weight, the screening is stopped.

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