A method for degrading harmful substances in sewage by microorganisms

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for degrading harmful substances in sewage by microorganisms in layers, which belongs to the field of sewage treatment and includes layered treatment of sewage, a microorganism monitoring unit, a sewage detection unit, and an optimization controller. The layered treatment of sewage includes three layers of treatment methods: activated sludge method, biofilm method, anaerobic biological treatment method, decomposition of harmful substances such as algae and bacteria in sewage; the microorganism detection unit is used to detect the temperature, oxygen, pH, nutrients, pressure, radiation and salt concentration of available microorganisms; the sewage detection unit is used to detect the water quality of the sewage degraded in each layer; finally, the order between the three layers is adjusted through the optimization controller to ensure the high efficiency of decomposition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of sewage treatment and relates to a method for degrading harmful substances in sewage by using microorganisms in layers. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid expansion of urban population, the sewage treatment market will maintain a steady growth trend, which has seriously affected the recycling of water and the quality of people's water use. As the amount of sewage discharged continues to increase, the number of sewage treatment plants has also increased rapidly, and the urban sewage treatment capacity and sewage treatment rate have also been greatly improved; therefore, the requirements for sewage treatment need to be greatly improved; it is of great theoretical and practical significance to optimize and automate the urban domestic sewage treatment process and improve the efficiency of urban domestic sewage treatment.

[0003] Traditional sewage treatment processes have many defects: ① High investment and operating costs: Conventional treatment requires a lot of equipment, engineering and human resources, and the construction and operating costs are high. Especially for large-scale treatment plants and complex processes, equipment procurement, operation and maintenance, and electricity consumption are all large economic burdens. ② High energy consumption: Some process steps in conventional treatment, such as aeration, mixing, sludge return, etc., require a lot of energy support, resulting in high energy consumption and increased operating costs. ③ Complex operation and maintenance management: There are multiple links and equipment in the conventional treatment process, and the operation and management require the participation of professional technicians. The operation and monitoring are relatively complex, and there are certain technical barriers and risks. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a method for degrading harmful substances in sewage by microorganisms.

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for degrading harmful substances in sewage by microorganisms in a layered manner, and the operating steps are as follows:

[0006] Step (1): The sewage is introduced into the lift pump room, where large particles of impurities in the water are precipitated, and then passed through a fine screen to filter out smaller particles and impurities into the sedimentation tank;

[0007] Step (2): the precipitated water is continuously introduced into the regulating tank, where the water volume is regulated, and then introduced into the water distribution well to be evenly distributed into the three tanks;

[0008] Step (3): The degraded water that meets the test requirements is obtained after passing through the three different treatment tanks, and then passed into the secondary sedimentation tank to continue to precipitate impurities. The lower impurities are transported to the sludge concentration tank, dehydrated and transported out, and the upper water is pumped to the flocculation reaction tank to complete the flocculation.

[0009] Step (4): The flocculated water is air-washed to a deep bed filter, and is repeatedly washed with water to obtain the degraded water.

[0010] Furthermore, in step (1), the working method of passing through the fine grid is specifically:

[0011] 1. Preliminary treatment of sewage by sand filtration and immediate sedimentation through sewage detection system and microbial detection unit;

[0012] 2. Flocculate the precipitated sewage;

[0013] 3. Through the platform optimization system, the content of organic pollutants and harmful substances such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage is tested again. If the test is qualified, it will be discharged. Otherwise, other degradation sequences will be re-established for degradation to ensure the high efficiency of sewage degradation.

[0014] Furthermore, the sewage detection system specifically detects the content of various substances in each layer of sewage; the first layer detects soluble and colloidal biodegradable organic matter, suspended solids that can be adsorbed by activated sludge, and other substances, and also detects some phosphorus and nitrogen;

[0015] The second level tests for organic pollutants in wastewater;

[0016] The third layer detects methane and carbon dioxide, which are products generated by anaerobic microorganisms breaking down organic pollutants.

[0017] Furthermore, the first layer adopts the activated sludge method, which is composed of an aeration device, a water inlet and outlet device and a sludge discharge pipe. External air is continuously blown into the wastewater containing a large amount of dissolved organic pollutants. After a period of time, the microorganisms are brought into contact with the organic matter and undergo metabolic reactions, resulting in a large number of aerobic microbial flocs in the water. The biological coagulation, adsorption and oxidation effects of the activated sludge are then used to adsorb the organic pollutants in the water. The microorganisms living on the activated sludge use the organic matter as food and grow, develop and reproduce. Finally, after a sedimentation and filtration treatment process, the clean water is discharged. The organic pollutants are decomposed and removed, so that the wastewater is purified and enters the next layer.

[0018] Furthermore, the second layer adopts the biofilm method: the contact oxidation tank is composed of a tank body, fillers, aeration devices, water inlet and outlet devices and sludge discharge pipes. Aeration is performed at the bottom of the fillers to generate an upward flow on the fillers. The biofilm is impacted and agitated by the airflow, accelerating the shedding and renewal, so that the biofilm is always active; in addition, the rising airflow continuously collides with the fillers, causing the bubbles to be repeatedly cut to reduce the particle size, increasing the contact area between the bubbles and the sewage, and improving the oxygen conversion rate; then the sewage is made to flow through the solid fillers, and the fillers can form a sludge biofilm. There are a large number of microorganisms on the biofilm, which adsorb and degrade organic pollutants in the water, and play the same purification role on sewage and activated sludge; the dead biofilm that falls off the filler can flow into the sedimentation tank with the sewage, and enter the next layer after being purified in the sedimentation tank;

[0019] The third layer adopts anaerobic biological treatment method: the anaerobic contact process consists of ordinary anaerobic digester, vacuum degassing device, water inlet and outlet device and agitator; after the wastewater enters the anaerobic digester, a large number of anaerobic microorganisms in the tank are used to degrade the organic matter in the wastewater; the reaction in the tank is anaerobic digestion reaction, which uses organic matter with complex components as the matrix and is a complex metabolic process involving multiple groups of facultative anaerobic and obligate anaerobic microorganisms; there is an interaction between the matrix chain and the biological chain in the anaerobic digestion process; the anaerobic biological treatment of wastewater is in the absence of oxygen and other oxides, anaerobic microorganisms degrade complex inorganic compounds, convert them into inorganic compounds, and release energy.

[0020] Furthermore, the microbial detection unit is to detect different microorganisms in each layer, and detect their growth environment temperature, oxygen, pH, nutrients, pressure, radiation and salt concentration in real time, and transmit them to the optimization controller for processing. The optimization controller makes corresponding adjustments based on the activity and decomposition efficiency of the organisms, so that the organisms are in a state of efficient decomposition.

[0021] Furthermore, the platform optimization system is to formulate the most efficient order for sewage treatment after receiving the results of each layer of treatment on the content of organic pollutants and harmful elements, in combination with the ability and implementation plan of microorganisms in the previous sewage treatment reservoir to degrade organic pollutants; compare the detected organic pollutants and nitrogen and phosphorus content with the previous treatment ability of the microorganism. If the obtained organic pollutants and nitrogen and phosphorus content are lower than before, the system will re-record the ability of the microorganism to degrade sewage containing organic pollutants into the reservoir, and re-formulate the optimal order for sewage degradation;

[0022] In addition, the system cooperates with the microbial detection unit and records the most suitable growth environment for different microorganisms, such as oxygen, pH, nutrients, pressure, radiation and salt concentration values ​​into the database. After the sewage is treated in layers, the system detects the values ​​of the content of organic pollutants and nitrogen and phosphorus elements in each layer of sewage in the sewage layered treatment system, and then detects its metabolic substances. According to these contents and the previous suitable living environment of the organism, the oxygen, pH, nutrients, pressure, radiation and salt concentration in each layer are adjusted; finally, the detection indicators of the treated sewage are obtained, and it can be discharged only if it meets the emission standards; if it does not meet the standards, the system needs to adjust the order of degrading the three layers of sewage until the optimal degradation order is found, and update the degradation order in the database according to the content of organic pollutants and nitrogen, phosphorus and other elements in the sewage.

[0023] Furthermore, the sewage stratification treatment system is based on the actual operation of urban sewage treatment plants, and the final degradation and consumption of sewage is expressed as: Eg = E1 + E2 + E3;

[0024] Specifically: (a) O2 consumption:

[0025]

[0026] Where: Urban sewage treatment plant Annual consumption, t / a, It represents the volume of O2 consumed once in the process of urban sewage treatment in urban sewage treatment plants, and 1.32 represents the density of O2 under standard conditions;

[0027] (II) Sludge treatment capacity:

[0028] Y=(M-M0) / (Q*t f )

[0029] E2=Y·S·(H1-H2)

[0030] In the formula, Y represents the sludge content in the unit sewage, M represents the total suspended matter mass entering the treatment system, M0 represents the suspended matter mass in the effluent, Q represents the sewage flow rate, and t f represents the sewage treatment time, S represents the bottom area of ​​the treatment pool m 2 , H1 represents the height m of the sludge entering the treatment system pool bottom, and H2 represents the height m of the sludge remaining at the treatment system pool bottom;

[0031] (III) CO2 emissions from electricity consumption in urban sewage treatment:

[0032]

[0033] Where: E3 represents the CO2 emissions generated by the power consumption of sewage treatment equipment in urban sewage treatment plants, EH represents the power consumption of sewage treatment equipment in urban sewage treatment plants, EF CO2 Represents the CO2 emission factor of electricity.

[0034] Furthermore, a substance for degrading harmful substances in sewage by microorganisms in layers is used to establish a Beluga algorithm model for the system and control it according to the following steps:

[0035] Step (1), initialization, initializing the parameters and population in the algorithm;

[0036] Step (2), the exploration phase ensures the global search capability in the design space by randomly selecting beluga whales, and the development phase controls the local search in the design space; in order to simulate the behavior, the beluga whale is regarded as a search agent, which moves in the search space by changing the position vector. Here, the beluga search is regarded as a three-layer sewage treatment method; in addition, the probability of whale falling is considered in BWO, which changes the position of the beluga whale;

[0037] Due to the population-based mechanism of BWO, the white whales are regarded as search agents, and each white whale is a candidate solution and is updated during the optimization process. The matrix to the search agent position is modeled as:

[0038]

[0039] Where n is the population size of beluga whales, which is regarded as the total category of sewage treatment sequence, and d is the dimension of the design variable; for all beluga whales, the corresponding fitness values ​​are stored as follows:

[0040]

[0041] In the formula, fx represents the position with the largest evaluation value, that is, the global optimal point. This point carries the parameters of the objective function F1, making the value of Fx optimal;

[0042] The BWO algorithm switches from exploration to development, which depends on the balance factor Bf, and its mathematical model is:

[0043]

[0044] In the formula, t is the current iteration, T is the maximum number of iterations, and B0 changes randomly between (0, 1) in each iteration; the exploration stage occurs when the balance factor Bf>0.5, while the development stage occurs when Bf≤0.5. The exploration stage corresponds to the detection and calculation of data, and the development stage corresponds to the feedback of data results; with the increase of iteration T, the fluctuation range of Bf decreases from (0, 1) to (0, 0.5), indicating that the probability of the development and exploration stages has changed significantly, and the probability of the development stage increases with the continuous increase of iteration T;

[0045] Step (3), Exploration Phase:

[0046] The exploration phase of BWO is built by considering the swimming behavior of belugas; belugas perform social behaviors in different postures; therefore, the position of the search agent is determined by the swimming of a pair of belugas, and the position of the belugas is updated as follows:

[0047]

[0048] Where t is the current iteration number, is the new position of the ith beluga whale in the jth dimension. The new position corresponds to the order of sewage treatment. j (j=1,2...,d) is randomly selected from the d-dimensional space. is the position of the i-th beluga whale in the j dimension, and is the current position of the i-th and r-th beluga whales, i.e., the treatment order corresponding to the sewage with this content recorded in the database, r1 and r2 are random numbers in the range (0,1), which are used to enhance the random operator in the exploration phase; sin(2πr2) and cos(2πr2) are used to average the random numbers between the fins;

[0049] Step (4), Development Phase:

[0050] The beluga whale hunts for food by the positions of adjacent beluga whales, which corresponds to the local objective function and corresponding parameters obtained by two adjacent iterations in the iterative process;

[0051] Considering the best candidate solution and other solutions, the Levy flight strategy was introduced in the development stage of BWO to improve convergence; assuming that the Levy flight strategy can be used to capture prey, its mathematical model is expressed as:

[0052]

[0053] Where T is the current iteration number, and is the current position of the i-th beluga whale and a random beluga whale, is the new position of the ith beluga whale, is the best position in the whale, corresponding to the result obtained by the i-th iteration and a random iteration, is the new objective function obtained in the i-th iteration, is the global objective function obtained in the iterative process, that is, the optimal method for treating sewage; r3 and r4 are random numbers in the range of (0,1), The random jump intensity used to measure the Levy flight intensity, LFL is the Levy flight function, which is calculated as follows:

[0054]

[0055] Where μ and υ are normally distributed random numbers, and β is the default constant equal to 1.5.

[0056] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention can achieve maximum treatment of sewage and reduce other unnecessary pollution. At the same time, the system can maximize the use of land resources and adopt a layer structure to reduce the floor space and reduce costs. In addition, the system can also reuse the precipitated sludge in agriculture and use organic matter synthesized by microorganisms to manufacture industrial fertilizers and other products. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0057] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the operation flow of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 2 It is a sewage treatment flow chart of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 3 It is a hierarchical processing flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The specific technical scheme of the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific examples.

[0061] As shown in the figure, the present invention provides a method for degrading harmful substances in sewage by microorganisms in layers, and the operation steps are as follows:

[0062] (1): First, the sewage is introduced into the lift pump room, where large particles of impurities in the water are precipitated, and then passed through a fine screen to filter out smaller particles and enter the sedimentation tank;

[0063] (2): Secondly, the precipitated water is passed into the regulating pool for water volume regulation, and then passed into the water distribution well and evenly distributed into the three pools;

[0064] (3): Then, the degraded water that meets the test requirements is obtained after passing through three different treatment tanks and is passed into the secondary sedimentation tank to continue to precipitate the impurities. The lower impurities are transported to the sludge concentration tank and transported out after dehydration. The upper water is pumped to the flocculation reaction tank to complete the flocculation.

[0065] (4): Finally, the flocculated water is air-washed to a deep bed filter and then repeatedly washed with water to obtain the degraded water.

[0066] Furthermore, the grid area is used to perform preliminary treatments on the sewage, such as sand filtration and sedimentation;

[0067] Furthermore, the sewage detection system detects the content of various substances in each layer of sewage; the first layer detects soluble and colloidal biodegradable organic matter, suspended solids that can be adsorbed by activated sludge and some other substances, and also detects a part of phosphorus and nitrogen; the second layer detects organic pollutants in wastewater; the third layer detects methane and carbon dioxide, which are products generated by anaerobic microorganisms decomposing organic pollutants.

[0068] Furthermore, the first-layer aerobic pool adopts the activated sludge method and is composed of an aeration device, a water inlet and outlet device, a sludge discharge pipe and other components. Its working principle is to continuously blow outside air into the wastewater containing a large amount of dissolved organic pollutants. After a period of time, the microorganisms are in contact with the organic matter and undergo metabolic reactions, resulting in a large number of aerobic microbial flocs in the water. The biological coagulation, adsorption and oxidation of the activated sludge can then be used to adsorb the organic pollutants in the water. The microorganisms living on the activated sludge use the organic matter as food and continue to grow, develop and reproduce. Most of the sludge is then returned to the aeration tank, and the excess is discharged from the activated sludge system. Finally, after treatment processes such as sedimentation and filtration, clean water can be discharged. The organic pollutants are decomposed and removed, so that the wastewater is purified and enters the next layer.

[0069] The second layer is the aerobic pool, which adopts the biofilm method: the contact oxidation pool is composed of a pool body, fillers, aeration devices, water inlet and outlet devices, and sludge discharge pipes. Aeration is directly performed at the bottom of the fillers to generate upward flow on the fillers. The biofilm is impacted and stirred by the airflow, accelerating the shedding and renewal, so that the biofilm always maintains a high activity and can avoid the occurrence of blockage. In addition, the rising airflow constantly collides with the fillers, causing the bubbles to be repeatedly cut to reduce the particle size, increasing the contact area between the bubbles and the sewage, and improving the oxygen conversion rate. Then the sewage is made to flow through the solid fillers, and the fillers can form sludge biofilms. There are a large number of microorganisms on the biofilms, which adsorb and degrade organic pollutants in the water, and play the same purification role on sewage and activated sludge. The dead biofilms that fall off the fillers can flow into the sedimentation tank with the sewage, and enter the next layer after being purified in the sedimentation tank.

[0070] The third layer is the anaerobic pool, which adopts the anaerobic biological treatment method: the anaerobic contact process consists of an ordinary anaerobic digestion tank, a vacuum degassing device, an inlet and outlet water device, and a stirrer; after the wastewater enters the anaerobic digestion tank, a large number of anaerobic microorganisms in the pool are used to degrade the organic matter in the wastewater. A stirring device is installed in the pool to ensure that the sewage is fully mixed with the anaerobic sludge in the pool, and the generated biogas is separated from the sludge; the main reaction in the pool is the anaerobic digestion reaction, which uses complex organic matter as the matrix and is a complex metabolic process involving multiple groups of facultative anaerobic and obligate anaerobic microorganisms; in the anaerobic digestion process, there is an interaction between the matrix chain and the biological chain; the anaerobic biological treatment of wastewater is in the absence of oxygen and other oxides, anaerobic microorganisms degrade complex inorganic compounds, convert them into simple and stable inorganic compounds, and release energy.

[0071] Further, the degraded wastewater is subjected to secondary sedimentation and dehydration treatment.

[0072] Further, the precipitated sewage is flocculated.

[0073] Furthermore, the platform will test the content of organic pollutants and harmful substances such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage again. If the test is qualified, it will be discharged. Otherwise, other degradation sequences will be re-established for degradation to ensure the high efficiency of sewage degradation.

[0074] Furthermore, the platform optimization system is to formulate the most efficient order for sewage treatment after receiving the results of each layer of treatment on the content of organic pollutants and harmful elements such as nitrogen and phosphorus, in conjunction with the ability and implementation plan of microorganisms in the previous sewage treatment reservoir to degrade organic pollutants; compare the detected organic pollutants and nitrogen and phosphorus content with the previous treatment ability of the microorganism. If the obtained organic pollutants and nitrogen and phosphorus content are lower than before, the system will re-record the sewage treatment ability of the microorganism to degrade organic pollutants into the library and re-formulate the optimal order for sewage degradation; in addition, the system cooperates with the microbial detection unit and records the most suitable growth environment for different microorganisms, such as oxygen, pH, nutrients, pressure, radiation and salt concentration values ​​into the database, and detects the values ​​of the organic pollutants and nitrogen and phosphorus content in each layer of sewage after stratified treatment of sewage, and then detects its metabolic substances, and makes corresponding adjustments to the oxygen, pH, nutrients, pressure, radiation and salt concentration in each layer according to these contents and the previous living environment of the organism; finally, the detection indicators of the treated sewage are obtained, and it can be discharged only when it meets the emission standards. If the standards are not met, the system will need to adjust the order of the three layers of sewage degradation until the optimal degradation order is found, and update the degradation order in the database based on the content of organic pollutants and elements such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage.

[0075] Furthermore, the equipment area of ​​the present invention includes a filter membrane, a vacuum degasser, a blower, a nutrient delivery device, a water pump and related electrical control equipment, so that the entire system can be controlled through the electrical equipment.

[0076] Further, the sewage stratification treatment system: Based on the actual operation of urban sewage treatment plants, the final degradation and consumption of sewage can be expressed as: Eg = E1 + E2 + E3

[0077] 1. O2 consumption:

[0078]

[0079] Where: Urban sewage treatment plant Annual consumption, t / a; Indicates the volume of O2 consumed in the process of urban sewage treatment in urban sewage treatment plants, m 3 / a; 1.32 represents the density of O2 under standard conditions (1 standard atmospheric pressure and temperature 0°C), kg / m 3 ; Activity level data collection: Obtain the volume of O2 consumed by sewage treatment in urban sewage treatment plants based on measuring instruments;

[0080] 2. Sludge treatment capacity

[0081] Y=(M-M0) / (Q*t f )

[0082] E2=Y·S·(H1-H2)

[0083] In the formula, Y represents the sludge content in unit sewage (kg / m 3 ), S represents the bottom area of ​​the treatment pool m 2 , H1 represents the height m of the sludge entering the treatment system pool bottom, and H2 represents the height m of the sludge remaining at the treatment system pool bottom;

[0084] 3. CO2 emissions from electricity consumption in urban sewage treatment

[0085]

[0086] Where: E3 represents the CO2 emissions generated by the power consumption of sewage treatment equipment in urban sewage treatment plants, tCO2eq / a; EH represents the power consumption of sewage treatment equipment in urban sewage treatment plants, MWh / a; EF CO It represents the CO2 emission factor of electricity, t CO2 / MWh.

[0087] Furthermore, the filter membrane in the present invention is used to prevent the microorganisms from flowing into the next layer along with the sewage, mainly to isolate the microorganisms, and can also isolate substances with larger particles that cannot be precipitated.

[0088] Furthermore, the vacuum degasser in the present invention is used to introduce the required air other than oxygen into the anaerobic tank.

[0089] Furthermore, the present invention provides a substance for degrading harmful substances in sewage by microorganisms in layers; the system is established and controlled by a White Whale algorithm model according to the following steps:

[0090] Step 1: Initialization, initialization of algorithm parameters and population;

[0091] Step 2: The exploration phase ensures the global search capability in the design space by randomly selecting white whales, while the development phase controls the local search in the design space;

[0092] To simulate the behavior, the beluga whale is considered as a search agent, which moves in the search space by changing the position vector. Here, the beluga whale search is considered as a three-layer sewage treatment method. In addition, the probability of whale falling is considered in BWO, which changes the position of the beluga whale.

[0093] Due to the population-based mechanism of BWO, the white whales are regarded as search agents, and each white whale is a candidate solution and is updated during the optimization process; the matrix from the position of the search agent is modeled as:

[0094]

[0095] Among them, n is the population size of beluga whales, which is regarded as the total category of sewage treatment sequence, and d is the dimension of the design variable; for all beluga whales, the corresponding fitness values ​​are stored as follows:

[0096]

[0097] Among them, fx represents the position with the largest evaluation value, that is, the global optimal point. This point carries the parameters of the objective function F1, making the value of Fx optimal;

[0098] The BWO algorithm can switch from exploration to exploitation, which depends on the balance factor Bf, and its mathematical model is:

[0099]

[0100] Where t is the current iteration, T is the maximum number of iterations, and B0 changes randomly between (0,1) in each iteration. The exploration phase occurs when the balance factor Bf>0.5, while the development phase occurs when Bf≤0.5. The exploration phase corresponds to the detection and calculation of data, and the development phase corresponds to the feedback of data results. As the iteration T increases, the fluctuation range of Bf decreases from (0,1) to (0,0.5), indicating that the probability of the development and exploration phases has changed significantly, and the probability of the development phase increases with the continuous increase of iteration T.

[0101] Step 3: Exploration Phase:

[0102] The exploration phase of BWO was built by considering the swimming behavior of beluga whales; beluga whales can perform social behaviors in different postures, such as two pairs swimming closely together in a synchronized or mirrored manner;

[0103] Therefore, the position of the search agent is determined by the swimming of a pair of beluga whales, and the position of the beluga whales is updated as follows:

[0104]

[0105] Where t is the current iteration number, is the new position of the i-th beluga whale in the j-th dimension. The new position corresponds to the order of sewage treatment. j (j=1,2...,d) is randomly selected from the d-dimensional space. is the position of the i-th beluga whale in the j dimension, and is the current position of the i-th and r-th beluga whales (r represents a randomly selected beluga whale), that is, the treatment order corresponding to the sewage of this content recorded in the database, r1 and r2 are random numbers in the range (0,1), which are used to enhance the random operator in the exploration phase. sin(2πr2) and cos(2πr2) are used to average the random numbers between the fins; according to the dimensions selected by odd and even numbers, the updated position reflects the synchronization or mirroring behavior of the beluga whales when swimming or diving, that is, the detection, calculation feedback and control behavior of the platform optimization system.

[0106] Step 4: Development Phase

[0107] The inspiration for the development phase of BWO comes from the hunting behavior of beluga whales; beluga whales can cooperate in foraging and moving according to the positions of adjacent beluga whales; therefore, beluga whales hunt for food by the positions of adjacent beluga whales, which corresponds to the local objective function and corresponding parameters obtained by two adjacent iterations in the iterative process; consider the best candidate solution and other solutions. The Levy flight strategy was introduced in the development phase of BWO to improve convergence; assuming that they can capture prey using the Levy flight strategy, the mathematical model is expressed as:

[0108]

[0109] Where T is the current iteration number, and is the current position of the i-th beluga whale and a random beluga whale, is the new position of the ith beluga whale, is the best position in the whale, corresponding to the result obtained by the i-th iteration and a random iteration, is the new objective function obtained in the i-th iteration, is the global objective function obtained in the iterative process, that is, the optimal method for treating sewage; r3 and r4 are random numbers in the range of (0,1). Random jump intensity for measuring Levy flight strength;

[0110] LFL is the Levy flight function, which is calculated as follows:

[0111]

[0112] Here, μ and υ are normally distributed random numbers, and β is a default constant equal to 1.5.

[0113] Microorganisms have strong adsorption capacity and good sedimentation properties, and strong degradation capabilities. They do not require high temperature, high pressure, or mild conditions. Pollutants can be removed efficiently and relatively thoroughly through enzyme catalysis, and a large amount of water can be treated. In addition, microbial treatment can not only remove organic matter, pathogens, and toxic substances, but also remove odors, improve transparency, reduce chroma, etc., with good treatment effects. As long as suitable microorganisms are found and suitable conditions are given, all pollutants can be degraded or transformed. They can also be treated on-site, which is easy to operate, avoids the laying of unsightly mechanical equipment, reduces floor space, infrastructure costs, operating costs, energy consumption, management, etc., and can meet the requirements of high efficiency and low consumption.

Claims

1. A method for degrading harmful substances in sewage by microorganisms, characterized in that: The operation steps are as follows: Step (1): The sewage is introduced into the lift pump room, and the large particles of impurities in the water are precipitated, and then passed through a fine screen to filter out the smaller particles of impurities and put into the sedimentation tank; The working method of the fine grid is specifically:

1. Sediment the sewage introduced into the lift pump room through the sewage detection system and microbial detection unit; 2. Flocculate the precipitated sewage; 3. The content of organic pollutants and harmful substances such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage is tested again through the platform optimization system. If the test is qualified, it will be discharged. Otherwise, other degradation sequences will be re-established for degradation to ensure the high efficiency of sewage degradation; Specifically, the sewage detection system specifically: detects the content of various substances in each layer of sewage; The first layer tests the dissolved and colloidal biodegradable organic matter, the suspended solids and other substances that can be adsorbed by the activated sludge, and also tests some phosphorus and nitrogen; The second level tests for organic pollutants in wastewater; The third layer detects methane and carbon dioxide, which are products generated by anaerobic microorganisms decomposing organic pollutants; Among them, the first layer adopts the activated sludge method, which is composed of an aeration device, a water inlet and outlet device and a sludge discharge pipe. External air is continuously blown into the wastewater containing dissolved organic pollutants. After a period of time, the microorganisms are brought into contact with the organic matter and undergo metabolic reactions. The floccules of aerobic microorganisms in the water can then absorb the organic pollutants in the water by the biological coagulation, adsorption and oxidation of the activated sludge. The microorganisms living on the activated sludge use the organic matter as food and grow, develop and reproduce. Finally, after the treatment process of sedimentation and filtration, the clean water is discharged; the organic pollutants are decomposed and removed, so that the wastewater is purified and enters the next layer. The second layer adopts the biofilm method: the contact oxidation tank is composed of a tank body, fillers, aeration devices, water inlet and outlet devices and sludge discharge pipes. Aeration is performed at the bottom of the fillers to generate upward flow on the fillers. The biofilm is impacted, stirred, shed and renewed by the airflow, so that the biofilm is always active. In addition, the rising airflow continuously collides with the fillers, so that the bubbles are repeatedly cut to reduce the particle size. Then the sewage flows through the solid fillers, and the fillers form sludge biofilms. There are microorganisms on the biofilms, which adsorb and degrade organic pollutants in the water, and play the same purification role on sewage and activated sludge. The dead biofilms that fall off the fillers can flow into the sedimentation tank with the sewage, and enter the next layer after being purified in the sedimentation tank. The third layer adopts anaerobic biological treatment method: the anaerobic contact process consists of ordinary anaerobic digestion tank, vacuum degassing device, water inlet and outlet device and agitator; after the wastewater enters the anaerobic digestion tank, the anaerobic microorganisms in the tank are used to degrade the organic matter in the wastewater; the reaction in the tank is anaerobic digestion reaction, which takes complex organic matter as the matrix and is a complex metabolic process participated by multiple groups of facultative anaerobic and obligate anaerobic microorganisms; in the anaerobic digestion process, there is an interaction between the matrix chain and the biological chain; the anaerobic biological treatment of wastewater is in the absence of oxygen and other oxides, anaerobic microorganisms degrade complex inorganic compounds, convert them into inorganic compounds, and release energy; The microorganism detection unit is used to detect different microorganisms in each layer, and detect the temperature, oxygen, pH, nutrients, pressure, radiation and salt concentration of the growth environment in real time, and transmit them to the optimization controller for sorting. The optimization controller makes corresponding adjustments according to the activity and decomposition efficiency of the organisms, so that the organisms are in a highly efficient decomposition state; The platform optimization system is to treat sewage in accordance with the previous capability and execution plan of microorganisms in sewage treatment reservoirs to degrade organic pollutants after receiving the results of each layer of treatment on the content of organic pollutants and harmful elements; compare the detected organic pollutants and nitrogen and phosphorus content with the previous treatment capability of the microorganisms; if the obtained organic pollutants and nitrogen and phosphorus content are lower than before, the system will re-record the capability of the microorganisms to degrade sewage containing organic pollutants into the reservoir, and re-establish the optimal sequence for sewage degradation; In addition, the system cooperates with the microbial detection unit and records the most suitable growth environment for different microorganisms, such as oxygen, pH, nutrients, pressure, radiation and salt concentration values, into the database. According to the values ​​of the content of organic pollutants and nitrogen and phosphorus elements in each layer of sewage in the sewage stratification treatment system after stratified treatment of sewage, and then detects its metabolic substances, and adjusts the oxygen, pH, nutrients, pressure, radiation and salt concentration in each layer according to these contents and the previous suitable living environment of the organism; finally, the detection indicators of the treated sewage are obtained, and it can be discharged only when it meets the discharge standard; if it does not meet the standard, the system needs to adjust the order of degrading the three layers of sewage until the optimal degradation order is found, and update the degradation order in the database according to the content of organic pollutants and nitrogen, phosphorus and other elements in the sewage; The sewage stratification treatment system is based on the actual operation of urban sewage treatment plants, and the final degradation and consumption of sewage is expressed as: Eg = E1 + E2 + E3; Specifically: (a) O2 consumption: Where: Annual consumption of Ro2 in urban sewage treatment plants, t / a, Ro2 represents the volume of O2 consumed in the process of urban sewage treatment in urban sewage treatment plants, and 1.32 represents the density of O2 under standard conditions; (II) Sludge treatment capacity: Y=(M-M0) / (Q*t f ) E2=Y·S·(H1-H2) In the formula, Y represents the sludge content in the unit sewage, M represents the total suspended matter mass entering the treatment system, M0 represents the suspended matter mass in the effluent, Q represents the sewage flow rate, and t f represents the sewage treatment time, S represents the bottom area of ​​the treatment tank, H1 represents the height of the sludge entering the treatment system tank bottom, and H2 represents the height of the sludge remaining in the treatment system tank bottom; (III) CO2 emissions from electricity consumption in urban sewage treatment: Where: E3 represents the CO2 emissions generated by the power consumption of sewage treatment equipment in urban sewage treatment plants, EH represents the power consumption of sewage treatment equipment in urban sewage treatment plants, EF CO2 represents the CO2 emission factor of electricity; Step (2): the precipitated water is continuously introduced into the regulating tank, where the water volume is regulated, and then introduced into the water distribution well to be evenly distributed into the three tanks; Step (3): The degraded water that meets the test requirements is obtained after passing through the three different treatment tanks, and then passed into the secondary sedimentation tank to continue to precipitate impurities. The lower impurities are transported to the sludge concentration tank, dehydrated and transported out, and the upper water is pumped to the flocculation reaction tank to complete the flocculation. Step (4): The flocculated water is air-washed to a deep bed filter, and is repeatedly washed with water to obtain the degraded water.

2. A method for degrading harmful substances in sewage by microorganisms according to claim 1, characterized in that ,It establishes the White Whale algorithm model and controls the system according to the following steps: Step (1), initialization, initializing the parameters and population in the algorithm; Step (2), the exploration phase ensures the global search capability in the design space by randomly selecting beluga whales, and the development phase controls the local search in the design space; to simulate the behavior, the beluga whale is regarded as a search agent, which moves in the search space by changing the position vector. Here, the beluga search is regarded as a three-layer sewage treatment method; in addition, the probability of whale falling is considered in BWO, which changes the position of the beluga whale; Among them, due to the population-based mechanism of BWO, the white whale is regarded as a search agent, and each white whale is a candidate solution and is updated during the optimization process; the matrix to the search agent position is modeled as: Where n is the population size of beluga whales, which is regarded as the total category of sewage treatment sequence, and d is the dimension of the design variable; for all beluga whales, the corresponding fitness values ​​are stored as follows: In the formula, fx represents the position with the largest evaluation value, that is, the global optimal point. This point carries the parameters of the objective function F1, making the value of Fx optimal; The BWO algorithm switches from exploration to development, which depends on the balance factor Bf, and its mathematical model is: In the formula, t is the current iteration, T is the maximum number of iterations, and B0 changes randomly between (0,1) in each iteration; the exploration stage occurs when the balance factor Bf>0.5, while the development stage occurs when Bf≤0.

5. The exploration stage corresponds to the detection and calculation of data, and the development stage corresponds to the feedback of data results; with the increase of iteration T, the fluctuation range of Bf decreases from (0,1) to (0,0.5), indicating that the probability of the development and exploration stages has changed significantly, and the probability of the development stage increases with the continuous increase of iteration T; Step (3), Exploration Phase: The exploration phase of BWO is built by considering the swimming behavior of belugas; belugas perform social behaviors in different postures; therefore, the position of the search agent is determined by the swimming of a pair of belugas, and the position of the belugas is updated as follows: Where t is the current iteration number, is the new position of the i-th beluga whale in the j-th dimension. The new position corresponds to the order of sewage treatment. j (j=1,2…,d) is randomly selected from the d-dimensional space. is the position of the i-th beluga whale in the j dimension, and is the current position of the i-th and r-th beluga whales, i.e., the treatment order corresponding to the sewage with this content recorded in the database, r1 and r2 are random numbers in the range (0,1), which are used to enhance the random operator in the exploration phase; sin(2πr2) and cos(2πr2) are used to average the random numbers between the fins; Step (4), Development Phase: The beluga whale hunts for food by the positions of adjacent beluga whales, which corresponds to the local objective function and corresponding parameters obtained by two adjacent iterations in the iterative process; Considering the best candidate solution and other solutions, the Levy flight strategy was introduced in the development stage of BWO to improve convergence; assuming that the Levy flight strategy can be used to capture prey, its mathematical model is expressed as: Where T is the current iteration number, and is the current position of the i-th beluga whale and a random beluga whale, is the new position of the ith beluga whale, is the best position in the whale, corresponding to the result obtained by the i-th iteration and a random iteration, is the new objective function obtained in the i-th iteration, is the global objective function obtained in the iterative process, that is, the optimal method for treating sewage; r3 and r4 are random numbers in the range of (0,1). The random jump intensity used to measure the Levy flight intensity, LFL is the Levy flight function, which is calculated as follows: Where μ and υ are normally distributed random numbers, and β is a default constant equal to 1.5.

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