Solar absorber and method for processing the same

Abstract

The present invention proposes a solar absorber and a processing method thereof, wherein the solar absorber comprises at least one transparent sphere, the transparent sphere having a refractive surface and an absorbing surface, the refractive surface being located at the upper part of the transparent sphere, the absorbing surface being located at the bottom of the transparent sphere, the absorbing surface being provided with an adjustment belt, the adjustment belt extending from left to right along the bottom of the transparent sphere, the adjustment belt being provided with a plurality of absorption zones with different absorption rates, the plurality of absorption zones being arranged in sequence from left to right. The present invention can achieve the effect of controlling the temperature within a stable ideal numerical range by relying only on solar energy without the aid of other energy sources such as electricity and chemistry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of temperature regulating equipment, in particular to a solar absorber and a processing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Temperature is a factor that is closely related to people's lives. Reasonable temperature control is an issue that needs to be considered in all fields. In the planting industry, some plants that have requirements for environmental temperature need to grow normally under appropriate temperature conditions; in industry, the ambient temperature will affect the safety of the processing process and the shelf life of the product; in daily life, the appropriate temperature can make people feel comfortable and help maintain health.

[0003] At present, there are two main solutions for controlling the temperature of outdoor objects (devices or equipment) by optics: passive temperature control and active temperature control. Passive temperature control solutions, such as using highly reflective materials in tropical areas to increase the reflection of sunlight, and using highly absorbent materials in cold areas to increase the absorption of sunlight, are simple and cheap, but often fail to achieve the desired effect and cannot dynamically adjust according to needs to adapt to different temperature changes. Active temperature control solutions generally adjust the temperature through air conditioning. Although air conditioning can adjust the temperature very flexibly and achieve good results, it consumes a lot of energy for this purpose, which is not conducive to environmental protection. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention provides a solar absorber and a processing method thereof.

[0005] The solution of the present invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0006] A solar absorber includes at least one transparent sphere, wherein the transparent sphere has a refractive surface and an absorbing surface, wherein the refractive surface is located at the upper part of the transparent sphere, and the absorbing surface is located at the bottom of the transparent sphere. The absorbing surface is provided with an adjustment belt, wherein the adjustment belt extends from left to right along the bottom of the transparent sphere, and wherein the adjustment belt is provided with a plurality of absorption zones with different absorption rates, wherein the plurality of absorption zones are arranged in sequence from left to right.

[0007] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: sunlight is incident on the refractive surface and refracted under the action of the refractive surface, and the refracted sunlight converges on the absorption area of ​​the absorption surface. When the solar absorber remains stationary, the incident angle will also change with the change of the sun's position. In different time periods, sunlight converges on different absorption areas. Since the absorption rates of each absorption area are different, when sunlight converges on different absorption areas, the solar energy is adjusted by the absorption area of ​​the corresponding time period, thereby achieving the effect of adjusting the temperature for different time periods. Moreover, there is no need to use other energy sources such as electrical energy and chemical energy in the entire adjustment process, which is more green and environmentally friendly.

[0008] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the absorption surface is provided with a plurality of adjustment belts, and the plurality of adjustment belts are arranged in sequence from front to back along the bottom of the transparent sphere. In this way, the plurality of adjustment belts can further adjust the absorption of sunlight, reduce the influence of seasonal changes on the temperature regulation of the solar absorber, and make the temperature regulation more accurate and reasonable.

[0009] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the transparent spheres are arranged in multiple rows, each row is provided with multiple transparent spheres, two adjacent transparent spheres are connected to each other, the transparent spheres in each row are located on the same horizontal plane, and the transparent spheres in two adjacent rows are arranged in a staggered manner. Such an arrangement can increase the absorption area of ​​the solar absorber, and can reduce the direct sunlight from the gaps between the transparent spheres to the surface of the object, thereby improving the accuracy of regulating the temperature of the object.

[0010] A method for processing a solar absorber, for obtaining the solar absorber as described in any one of the technical solutions, the method for processing the solar absorber comprising the following steps:

[0011] Make a transparent sphere;

[0012] Processing an absorption surface on the transparent sphere, wherein the absorption surface is provided with a plurality of absorption zones, and each absorption zone is provided with absorption materials with different absorption rates;

[0013] The transparent spheres processed with the absorption surface are arranged and installed as required.

[0014] The transparent sphere is the basis of the solar absorber. An absorption surface is set on the transparent sphere, and multiple absorption areas are set on the absorption surface. When the direction of the sun changes, the incident angle of the sunlight changes. In different time periods, the solar energy is adjusted by the absorption area of ​​the corresponding time period, thereby achieving the effect of temperature regulation.

[0015] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the step of making a plurality of transparent spheres comprises the following steps:

[0016] Measure the surface area of ​​the object whose temperature needs to be regulated;

[0017] Calculate the number and radius of the required transparent spheres according to the measured surface area of ​​the object;

[0018] According to the number and radius of the transparent spheres, the transparent spheres are obtained by 3D printing or mold injection molding.

[0019] By setting up multiple transparent spheres according to the surface area of ​​the object, the size of the solar absorber can be customized, which is suitable for temperature control of objects of different sizes. Moreover, by combining multiple transparent spheres to obtain a solar absorber with a larger absorption area, the size of a single transparent sphere can be controlled within a volume range suitable for processing, which is more conducive to the production and processing of the solar absorber.

[0020] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the step of machining the absorption surface on the transparent sphere comprises the following steps:

[0021] Calculate the solar power P sun ;

[0022] determining a material absorptivity of the absorption region based on the solar power;

[0023] The absorption surface having a plurality of absorption areas is arranged according to the absorption rate of the material.

[0024] By taking solar power as a basis, the material absorption rate required for each absorption zone is obtained, and the absorption surface manufactured has a high absorption rate accuracy in each absorption zone, which is conducive to accurately adjusting the absorption power of solar energy absorbed by the object in each time period, thereby accurately adjusting the temperature of the object.

[0025] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the calculation of solar power P sun The steps include the following steps:

[0026] Obtain the surface area A of the object, the spectrum and angular emissivity of the object and the solar irradiance I in the AM1.5 spectrum AM1.5 (λ);

[0027] By calculating the formula Calculate the solar power P sum .

[0028] All parameters used to calculate solar power can be obtained in advance. The solar power calculated by the above formula is a theoretical value. The corresponding adjustment band on the absorption surface on any day can be designed in advance based on the theoretical value.

[0029] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the step of determining the material absorption rate of the absorption zone according to the solar power comprises the following steps:

[0030] Determine a first position range where sunlight in each month of a year shines on the bottom of the transparent sphere;

[0031] One day is selected in each month, and the second position range of the bottom of the transparent sphere irradiated by sunlight in each time period of the day is determined, the second position range is located within the first position range of the corresponding month, and one absorption area is respectively set in each second position range;

[0032] The absorption rate of the material in the absorption zone within each second position range is determined according to the solar power.

[0033] Each first position range is used to set an adjustment band, and a second position range is used to set an absorption zone. The solar absorber obtained through the above steps can adjust the sunlight throughout the year, so that the object can be kept within a suitable temperature range throughout the year. During the temperature adjustment process throughout the year, there is no need to manually adjust the angular position of the solar absorber, nor is there any need to frequently replace solar absorbers with different adjustment bands, which makes it more convenient and reasonable to use.

[0034] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the step of determining the material absorption rate in the absorption zone within each second position range according to the solar power comprises the following steps:

[0035] Determine absorbed power;

[0036] The material absorption rate is calculated according to the ratio of the absorbed power to the solar power.

[0037] After determining the absorption power required by the object, the material absorption rate corresponding to each absorption area is obtained based on the ratio of the absorption power and the calculated solar power. This can ensure that when the sunlight shines on the corresponding absorption area in each time period, the absorption power of solar energy reaches the preset range, thereby effectively regulating the temperature.

[0038] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the step of setting the absorption surface having a plurality of absorption areas according to the absorption rate of the material comprises the following steps:

[0039] Selecting a corresponding absorption material according to the obtained absorption rate of the material;

[0040] The absorbing material is arranged within the second position range corresponding to the transparent sphere by printing or mold transfer.

[0041] The corresponding absorption material is directly selected according to the absorption rate of the material, and the corresponding absorption material is set on the corresponding absorption area of ​​the transparent sphere by printing or mold transfer. The operation is simple and convenient with low error rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly describes the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other design solutions and drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

[0043] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a solar absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of sunlight with an incident angle of 0° irradiating the solar absorber in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of sunlight with an incident angle of 15° irradiating the solar absorber in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of sunlight with an incident angle of 30° irradiating the solar absorber in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of sunlight with an incident angle of 45° irradiating the solar absorber in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of a transparent sphere of a solar absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 7 is a line graph of temperature changes on the previous day when the solar absorber according to the embodiment of the present invention was used;

[0050] Figure 8 is a line graph of temperature changes after one day of using the solar absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of a transparent ball of a solar absorber according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of the solar energy absorption power corresponding to the solar energy absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention on January 15;

[0053] Fig.11is a schematic diagram of the solar energy absorption power corresponding to the solar energy absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention on February 15;

[0054] Fig.12 is a schematic diagram of the solar energy absorption power corresponding to the solar energy absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention on March 15;

[0055] Fig.13 is a schematic diagram of the solar energy absorption power corresponding to the solar energy absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention on April 15;

[0056] Fig.14 is a schematic diagram of the solar energy absorption power corresponding to the solar energy absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention on May 15;

[0057] Fig.15 is a schematic diagram of the solar energy absorption power corresponding to the solar energy absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention on June 15;

[0058] Fig.16 is a schematic diagram of the solar energy absorption power corresponding to the solar energy absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention on July 15;

[0059] Fig.17 is a schematic diagram of the solar energy absorption power corresponding to the solar energy absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention on August 15;

[0060] Fig.18 is a schematic diagram of the solar energy absorption power corresponding to the solar energy absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention on September 15;

[0061] Fig.19 is a schematic diagram of the solar energy absorption power corresponding to the solar energy absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention on October 15;

[0062] Fig. 20 is a schematic diagram of the solar energy absorption power corresponding to the solar energy absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention on November 15;

[0063] Fig.21 is a schematic diagram of the solar energy absorption power corresponding to the solar energy absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention on December 15;

[0064] Fig. 22 is a flow chart of a method for processing a solar absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Fig.23 yes Fig. 22 A detailed flowchart of step S100;

[0066] Fig.24 yes Fig. 22 A detailed flow chart of step S200;

[0067] Fig.25 yes Fig.24 A detailed flowchart of step S210;

[0068] Fig.26 yes Fig.24 A detailed flow chart of step S220;

[0069] Fig. 27 yes Fig.26 A detailed flow chart of step S223;

[0070] Fig.28 yes Fig.24 Detailed flowchart of step S230 in FIG.

[0071] Figure numerals: 101, transparent sphere; 111, first absorption zone; 112, second absorption zone; 113, third absorption zone; 114, fourth absorption zone; 115, fifth absorption zone; 121, first adjustment band; 122, second adjustment band; 123, third adjustment band; 124, fourth adjustment band; 125, fifth adjustment band; 126, sixth adjustment band; 127, seventh adjustment band. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0072] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0073] In the description of the present invention, descriptions of orientations, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., and orientations or positional relationships indicated are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0074] In the description of the present invention, "several" means one or more, "more" means more than two, "greater than", "less than", "exceed" etc. are understood as not including the number itself, and "above", "below", "within" etc. are understood as including the number itself. If there is a description of "first" or "second", it is only used for the purpose of distinguishing the technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0075] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0076] Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are all within the scope of protection of the present invention. The various technical features in the present invention can be combined interchangeably without conflicting with each other.

[0077] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Fig. 9 The embodiment of the present invention proposes a solar absorber that relies solely on solar energy without the need for other energy sources such as electricity and chemical energy, and customizes the solar energy absorption rate in different time periods to achieve the effect of controlling the temperature within a stable ideal numerical range.

[0078] In this embodiment, the solar absorber includes at least one transparent sphere 101, which has a refractive surface and an absorbing surface. When in use, the refractive surface is located at the upper part of the transparent sphere 101, and the absorbing surface is located at the bottom of the transparent sphere 101. After the sunlight contacts the refractive surface, it is refracted in the transparent sphere 101 and can be irradiated onto the absorbing surface of the transparent sphere 101. In this embodiment, an adjustment belt is provided on the absorbing surface, and the adjustment belt is extended in the left-right direction along the bottom of the transparent sphere 101. A plurality of absorbing areas are provided on the adjustment belt, and the absorbing areas are arranged in the left-right direction, and the absorption rate of each absorbing area is different.

[0079] It is understandable that due to the different incident angles of the sunlight, the positions where the sunlight converges at the bottom of the transparent sphere 101 after being refracted by the transparent sphere 101 are different. Figures 2 to 5 , the straight line in the figure indicates the direction of sunlight refraction. Therefore, the solar absorber is set on the object. During the day, the sunlight irradiates the transparent sphere 101. After the sunlight enters the transparent sphere 101 at different time periods, it can be refracted to different absorption areas on the adjustment band. The solar energy absorption power absorbed by the object is regulated, thereby achieving the regulation of the object's temperature.

[0080] It is understandable that the transparent sphere 101 can be made of transparent materials such as glass, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polymethyl methacrylate, etc., and is not specifically limited here.

[0081] Reference Figure 6 , Figure 6 The figure shows the position ranges of the sunlight hitting the absorption surface of the transparent sphere 101 at five times of the day: 10:00, 11:00, 12:00, 13:00 and 14:00. Absorption areas with different absorption rates are set in the position ranges corresponding to the five times. Figure 6For example, the adjustment band is divided into five absorption zones, which are the first absorption zone 111, the second absorption zone 112, the third absorption zone 113, the fourth absorption zone 114 and the fifth absorption zone 115 from left to right. After the sunlight is irradiated to the transparent sphere 101, it can be refracted onto the adjustment band, and refracted and converged to the first absorption zone 111, the second absorption zone 112, the third absorption zone 113, the fourth absorption zone 114 and the fifth absorption zone 115 from 10 o'clock to 14 o'clock.

[0082] Taking the winter solstice in Xi'an on December 21, 2021 as an example, Figure 7 Based on the temperature data from NASA's meteorological database from 10:00 to 14:00 at noon on the same day, the average temperature is about 12°C, and it is judged that the heating function is needed, so the material of the bottom functional area is selected as an absorption material. Since the purpose of temperature control here is to keep the temperature constant during this period, it is necessary to regulate the power absorbed by the material at different time points.

[0083] according to Figure 7 The line chart can be obtained Figure 6 The absorption rate of each absorption zone should be set. At 12 noon on the day, the solar power is the largest. In order to keep the temperature of the object constant within the appropriate temperature value range, the absorption power of the object to solar energy needs to be kept constant, so the absorption rate of the third absorption zone 113 corresponding to 12 o'clock is designed to be the smallest. Specifically, the absorption rates of the first absorption zone 111 corresponding to 10 o'clock, the second absorption zone 112 corresponding to 11 o'clock, the third absorption zone 113 corresponding to 12 o'clock, the fourth absorption zone 114 corresponding to 13 o'clock, and the fifth absorption zone 115 corresponding to 14 o'clock are designed to be 58.02%, 50.22%, 49.02%, 56.21% and 79.95% respectively. Figure 8 .

[0084] according to Figure 8 It can be seen that after using the solar absorber, the object's absorption power of solar energy is maintained at 250-300W / m at each time from 10:00 to 14:00. 2 range, thereby keeping the object temperature at the optimal temperature of 26°C, bringing comfort to the human body.

[0085] It can be understood that an adjustment band with multiple absorption areas with different absorption rates is set on the transparent sphere 101. By refraction of sunlight, sunlight at different times of the day is absorbed at positions with different absorption rates on the transparent sphere 101, thereby changing the absorption power of the application object to solar energy to achieve temperature regulation of the object. During the whole process, there is no need to use other energy sources such as electricity and chemical energy, and no byproducts that are not conducive to the environment are produced, which is more green and environmentally friendly.

[0086] It is understandable that the solar power in each month of the year varies greatly. Using the same adjustment band to adjust the absorption power of objects throughout the year is difficult to adapt to the temperature control of each season. Therefore, solar absorbers with different adjustment bands can be set for each month for use in the corresponding month.

[0087] In this embodiment, in order to reduce the waste of solar absorbers and avoid the complicated operations caused by replacing the solar absorbers corresponding to each month, a plurality of adjustment belts are provided on the absorption surface of a solar absorber. The plurality of adjustment belts are arranged along the front-to-back direction along the bottom of the transparent sphere 101. The same solar absorber is used throughout the year, and can also adapt to the temperature control of each month and season.

[0088] It is understandable that the sun's direct point moves on the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn, and the angle of incidence of sunlight changes every day. Therefore, the front and rear positions of the absorption surface on the transparent sphere 101 where the sunlight is refracted are different every day. In each month, the range of the absorption surface on the transparent sphere 101 where the sunlight is refracted is different in the front and rear positions.

[0089] According to this feature, a plurality of adjustment belts are arranged along the front-to-back direction on the absorption surface, and a plurality of absorption areas with different absorption rates are respectively arranged on each adjustment belt. With this arrangement, the sunlight in each month can be refracted onto the corresponding adjustment belt respectively. There is no need to set up a plurality of solar energy absorbers, nor to replace the corresponding solar energy absorbers every month, which makes it more convenient to use.

[0090] It is understandable that although the incident angle of the sun's rays changes every day in the same month, the incident angle of the sun's rays changes slightly in the same month, and the temperature change in the same month is also relatively small. Therefore, in this embodiment, one day is selected in each month as the basis for processing the adjustment belt, and the position of the sun's irradiation falls into the same adjustment belt in the same month to reduce the number of adjustment belts, which is more conducive to the processing and production of the solar absorber. In this embodiment, the 15th is selected as the basis for making the adjustment belt, and the adjustment belt is processed based on the solar power corresponding to the 15th of each month.

[0091] Of course, in order to further improve the accuracy of temperature regulation, multiple days can be selected in the same month as the basis for processing the adjustment band. For example, three days are selected in a month, and the three days are the 5th, 15th and 25th respectively. Then, in the designed transparent sphere 101, the refracted sunlight points fall into the adjustment band corresponding to the 5th on the 1st to 10th of the month, fall into the adjustment band corresponding to the 15th on the 11th to 20th of the month, and fall into the adjustment band corresponding to the 25th on the 21st to 30th of the month.

[0092] Specifically, since the sun's direct point moves back and forth between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn, the trajectory of the sun's direct point from the winter solstice to the summer solstice is basically the same as the trajectory of the sun's direct point from the summer solstice to the winter solstice, except that the order of the moving routes is reversed. When the solar absorber is equipped with multiple adjustment belts, one adjustment belt is used for the month in which the winter solstice and the summer solstice are located respectively, while the months between the winter solstice and the summer solstice and the months between the summer solstice and the winter solstice can share the same adjustment belt in pairs, such as May and July can share one adjustment belt, which can improve the utilization rate of the adjustment belt and reduce the difficulty of making the solar absorber.

[0093] Reference Fig. 9 In this embodiment, the absorption surface of the solar absorber is provided with 7 adjustment bands, including a first adjustment band 121 corresponding to June 15, a second adjustment band 122 corresponding to May 15 and July 15, a third adjustment band 123 corresponding to April 15 and August 15, a fourth adjustment band 124 corresponding to March 15 and September 15, a fifth adjustment band 125 corresponding to February 15 and October 15, a sixth adjustment band 126 corresponding to January 15 and November 15, and a seventh adjustment band 127 corresponding to December 15. Five absorption zones are respectively provided in each adjustment band, and a total of 35 absorption zones are provided on the absorption surface, and the absorption rate of each absorption zone is set according to the solar power at the corresponding time of the corresponding date.

[0094] In this way, different adjustment bands can be used for adjustment each month to ensure accurate temperature control in each month, and no manual adjustment of the solar absorber is required throughout the year. For example, at 12:00 on March 1, the sun's rays irradiate the fourth adjustment band 124 corresponding to March 15, and irradiate the third absorption area 113 on the fourth adjustment band 124 corresponding to 12:00.

[0095] Reference Fig.15 , Fig.15 The solar power from 10:00 to 14:00 on June 15th without using the solar absorber of the present embodiment is shown. Since the temperature needs to be kept constant, the absorptivity of each absorption zone on the first adjustment band 121 corresponding to June 15th is designed according to the determined solar absorption power. Specifically, the absorptivity of the first absorption zone 111 on the first adjustment band 121 is 34.2%, the absorptivity of the second absorption zone 112 on the first adjustment band 121 is 32.4%, the absorptivity of the third absorption zone 113 on the first adjustment band 121 is 33.6%, the absorptivity of the fourth absorption zone 114 on the first adjustment band 121 is 37.6%, and the absorptivity of the fifth absorption zone 115 on the first adjustment band 121 is 44.8%.

[0096] Reference Fig.14 , Fig.14The solar power from 10:00 to 14:00 on May 15 without using the solar absorber of this embodiment is shown. Fig.16 , Fig.16 It shows that the solar power from 10:00 to 14:00 on July 15th when the solar absorber of the present embodiment is not used is roughly the same on both days, so the same adjustment band can be shared. Since the temperature needs to be kept constant, the absorptivity of each absorption zone on the second adjustment band 122 corresponding to May 15th and July 15th is designed according to the determined solar absorption power. Specifically, the absorptivity of the first absorption zone 111 on the second adjustment band 122 is 33.1%, the absorptivity of the second absorption zone 112 on the second adjustment band 122 is 31.9%, the absorptivity of the third absorption zone 113 on the second adjustment band 122 is 32.2%, the absorptivity of the fourth absorption zone 114 on the second adjustment band 122 is 35.0%, and the absorptivity of the fifth absorption zone 115 on the second adjustment band 122 is 41.5%.

[0097] Reference Fig.13 , Fig.13 The solar power from 10:00 to 14:00 on April 15 without using the solar absorber of this embodiment is shown. Fig.17 , Fig.17 It shows that the solar power from 10:00 to 14:00 on August 15th when the solar absorber of the present embodiment is not used is roughly the same on both days, so the same adjustment band can be shared. Since the temperature needs to be kept constant, the absorptivity of each absorption zone on the third adjustment band 123 corresponding to April 15th and August 15th is designed according to the determined solar absorption power. The absorptivity of the first absorption zone 111 on the third adjustment band 123 is 33.6%, the absorptivity of the second absorption zone 112 on the third adjustment band 123 is 34.0%, the absorptivity of the third absorption zone 113 on the third adjustment band 123 is 34.1%, the absorptivity of the fourth absorption zone 114 on the third adjustment band 123 is 36.9%, and the absorptivity of the fifth absorption zone 115 on the third adjustment band 123 is 43.9%.

[0098] Reference Fig.12 , Fig.12 The solar power from 10:00 to 14:00 on March 15 without using the solar absorber of this embodiment is shown. Fig.18 , Fig.18It is shown that the solar power from 10:00 to 14:00 on September 15th when the solar absorber of the present embodiment is not used is roughly the same on both days, so the same adjustment band can be shared. Since the temperature needs to be kept constant, the absorptivity of each absorption zone on the fourth adjustment band 124 corresponding to March 15th and September 15th is designed according to the determined solar absorption power. The absorptivity of the first absorption zone 111 on the fourth adjustment band 124 is 37.7%, the absorptivity of the second absorption zone 112 on the fourth adjustment band 124 is 37.1%, the absorptivity of the third absorption zone 113 on the fourth adjustment band 124 is 37.8%, the absorptivity of the fourth absorption zone 114 on the fourth adjustment band 124 is 42.3%, and the absorptivity of the fifth absorption zone 115 on the fourth adjustment band 124 is 53.0%.

[0099] Reference Fig.11 , Fig.11 The solar power from 10:00 to 14:00 on February 15 without using the solar absorber of this embodiment is shown. Fig.19 , Fig.19 It is shown that the solar power from 10:00 to 14:00 on October 15th when the solar absorber of the present embodiment is not used is roughly the same on both days, so the same adjustment band can be shared. Since the temperature needs to be kept constant, the absorptivity of each absorption zone on the fifth adjustment band 125 corresponding to February 15th and October 15th is designed according to the determined solar absorption power. The absorptivity of the first absorption zone 111 on the fifth adjustment band 125 is 43.1%, the absorptivity of the second absorption zone 112 on the fifth adjustment band 125 is 40.0%, the absorptivity of the third absorption zone 113 on the fifth adjustment band 125 is 40.8%, the absorptivity of the fourth absorption zone 114 on the fifth adjustment band 125 is 46.1%, and the absorptivity of the fifth absorption zone 115 on the fifth adjustment band 125 is 59.6%.

[0100] Reference Fig.10 , Fig.10 The solar power from 11:00 to 14:00 on January 15 without using the solar absorber of this embodiment is shown. Fig. 20 , Fig. 20It is shown that the solar power from 10:00 to 14:00 on November 15th when the solar absorber of the present embodiment is not used is roughly the same on both days, so the same adjustment band can be shared. Since the temperature needs to be kept constant, the absorption rates of the various absorption zones on the sixth adjustment band 126 corresponding to January 15th and November 15th are designed according to the determined solar absorption power. The absorption rate of the first absorption zone 111 on the sixth adjustment band 126 is 52.3%, the absorption rate of the second absorption zone 112 on the sixth adjustment band 126 is 48.3%, the absorption rate of the third absorption zone 113 on the sixth adjustment band 126 is 49.7%, the absorption rate of the fourth absorption zone 114 on the sixth adjustment band 126 is 57.7%, and the absorption rate of the fifth absorption zone 115 on the sixth adjustment band 126 is 79.5%.

[0101] Reference Fig.21 , Fig.21 The solar power from 10:00 to 14:00 on December 15th without using the solar absorber of the present embodiment is shown. Since the temperature needs to be kept constant, the absorptivity of each absorption zone on the seventh adjustment band 127 corresponding to December 15th is designed according to the determined solar absorption power. The absorptivity of the first absorption zone 111 on the seventh adjustment band 127 is 63.1%, the absorptivity of the second absorption zone 112 on the seventh adjustment band 127 is 53.0%, the absorptivity of the third absorption zone 113 on the seventh adjustment band 127 is 55.8%, the absorptivity of the fourth absorption zone 114 on the seventh adjustment band 127 is 66.5%, and the absorptivity of the fifth absorption zone 115 on the seventh adjustment band 127 is 95.0%.

[0102] It is understandable that in order to achieve the effect of being warm in winter and cool in summer, the absorption area of ​​the adjustment band corresponding to the summer months can use an absorption material with high reflectivity, so that the solar absorber can achieve a cooling effect in summer.

[0103] It is understandable that the solar absorber can also achieve more functions. For example, for some areas, heating is required in the morning and cooling is required in the afternoon during the spring and autumn months. In the corresponding adjustment band, the absorption area where the sunlight converges in the morning time period can be set with a material with a high absorption rate, while the absorption area where the sunlight converges in the afternoon time period can be set with a material with a high reflectivity to obtain a specially designed adjustment band.

[0104] Therefore, the selection criteria of the material in each absorption zone is first to select the absorption or reflection mode according to the heating or cooling requirements, and then to determine the absorptivity or reflectivity of the material according to the regulated temperature.

[0105] In some embodiments, a solar absorber includes multiple rows of transparent spheres 101, each row includes multiple transparent spheres 101, two adjacent transparent spheres 101 are connected to each other, each row of transparent spheres 101 is arranged on the same horizontal plane, and two adjacent rows of transparent spheres 101 are staggered.

[0106] It is understandable that such a configuration can regulate the temperature of an object with a larger surface area. According to the surface area of ​​the object, the number and size of the required transparent spheres 101 are calculated. During processing, the volume of each transparent sphere 101 can be reduced to a range suitable for production, which is more conducive to the production of the transparent spheres 101. By arranging a plurality of transparent spheres 101 in a staggered arrangement of two adjacent rows of transparent spheres 101, the gaps formed between the transparent spheres 101 are smaller, which can prevent a large amount of sunlight from passing through the gaps between the transparent spheres 101 and directly irradiating the object below the solar absorber, thereby improving the solar power absorption effect of the solar absorber and improving the temperature regulation effect.

[0107] On the other hand, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for processing a solar absorber, which is used to produce and obtain the solar absorber provided in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect, comprising steps S100, S200 and S300, referring to Fig. 22 .

[0108] Step S100, making a transparent sphere 101. The transparent sphere 101 can be made of transparent materials such as glass, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polymethyl methacrylate, etc., which are not specifically limited here. It can be understood that when in use, the transparent sphere 101 is set above the object that needs to be temperature controlled. The transparent sphere 101 is the absorbing body of the solar absorber. The sunlight can pass through the transparent sphere 101 and be refracted under the action of the transparent sphere 101, and then irradiate the object below the transparent sphere 101.

[0109] Specifically, step S100 includes step S110, step S120 and step S130, referring to Fig.23 .

[0110] Step S110, measuring the surface area of ​​the object whose temperature needs to be regulated. This step can be performed by manually measuring the lengths of the sides of the object using measuring tools such as a tape measure or a ruler, and obtaining the surface area of ​​the object through simple geometric calculations. In actual use, the solar absorber is installed above the object, and only the area of ​​the upper surface of the object needs to be measured.

[0111] Step S120, the number and radius of the required transparent spheres 101 are calculated according to the measured surface area of ​​the object. It is understandable that one or more transparent spheres 101 can be provided. When the measured surface area of ​​the object is too large, the number of transparent spheres 101 can be increased to facilitate the production and processing of the transparent spheres 101. The radius of the transparent spheres 101 should be within a range that is easy to process. Later, by connecting multiple transparent spheres 101, a larger sphere array can be formed, thereby increasing the absorption area of ​​the solar absorber, which is suitable for larger objects.

[0112] It is understandable that the multiple transparent spheres 101 of the same solar absorber are preferably designed to be identical, which is conducive to the mass production of the transparent spheres 101, improves the efficiency of processing and production, and reduces the difficulty of production.

[0113] Step S130 , obtaining transparent spheres 101 by 3D printing or mold injection molding according to the number and radius of the transparent spheres 101 .

[0114] Among them, the transparent sphere 101 obtained by 3D printing does not need to use a mold. It only needs to send the 3D model to the printer through computer software and select the appropriate material. The printer can automatically complete the printing process, and the operation is simple.

[0115] Step S200, processing an absorption surface on the transparent sphere 101. It can be understood that the absorption surface is used to absorb solar energy, and when in use, the absorption surface is located at the bottom of the transparent sphere 101. In this embodiment, the absorption surface needs to be provided with multiple absorption areas, and each absorption area is provided with absorption materials with different absorption rates, so that the absorption rates on each absorption area are different.

[0116] It is understandable that, since the angle of sunlight at different times of the day is different, the absorption areas to which the sunlight is refracted after entering the transparent sphere 101 are different. Since the solar power at different times of the day is different, in order to keep the solar power absorbed by the object within a suitable range, it is necessary to refract the sunlight at times when the solar power is higher into the absorption area with a lower absorption rate, and refract the sunlight at times when the solar power is higher into the absorption area with a higher absorption rate.

[0117] Specifically, step S200 includes step S210, step S220 and step S230, referring to Fig.24 .

[0118] Step S210, calculate the solar power P sun .

[0119] It is understandable that the heat output power P of an object under sunlight is out It can be summarized as follows:

[0120] P out =P rad -P sky -P sun -P cond+conv

[0121] Among them, P rad is the radiation power emitted by the object; P sky is the atmospheric thermal radiation power absorbed by the object; P sun is the solar power absorbed by the object; P sun is the solar power; P cond+conv is the power lost by heat conduction and heat convection. In general, the solar absorber of this embodiment changes the solar power P absorbed by the object by designing an absorption surface with multiple absorption zones. sun To achieve the purpose of temperature control, it is necessary to calculate the solar power P irradiated to each absorption zone before designing each absorption zone. sun .

[0122] In this embodiment, step S210 includes step S211 and step S212. Fig.25 .

[0123] Step S211, obtaining the surface area A, spectrum and angular emissivity of the object and the solar irradiance I in the AM1.5 spectrum AM1.5 (λ).

[0124] Step S212, by calculating formula Calculate the solar power P sun .

[0125] The solar power calculated by the above formula is a theoretical value. The spectrum and angular emissivity of an object and the solar irradiance of the AM1.5 spectrum depend on the distance between the earth and the sun and the angle of incidence of sunlight relative to the object. This value can be calculated. Therefore, for the absorption surface design of any day, the corresponding absorption area can be designed in advance based on the calculated theoretical value.

[0126] Step S220, determining the material absorption rate of the absorption zone according to the solar power. In order to keep the temperature of the object constant within a suitable temperature range, it is necessary to reduce the absorption power of the object to solar energy to an appropriate range. It is understandable that in order for the absorption power of the object to reach a preset range, the greater the solar power, the lower the required material absorption rate; and the lower the solar power, the higher the required material absorption rate. The material absorption rate of each absorption zone is determined based on the solar power, the difficulty of calculation is explained, and the accuracy of regulating the temperature of the object is higher.

[0127] In this embodiment, step S220 includes step S221, step S222 and step S223. Fig.26 .

[0128] Step S221, determine the first position range of the sunlight irradiating to the bottom of the transparent sphere 101 in each month of the year. The absorption surface of the transparent sphere 101 is divided into irradiation areas according to the month, and the sunlight irradiation area corresponding to each month is the first position range, and each first position range is corresponding to an adjustment band. In this way, the adjustment of the absorption power can be refined to each month, and the solar absorber can be suitable for use throughout the year, and the temperature adjustment is more reasonable and accurate.

[0129] Step S222, select one day in each month, determine the second position range of the bottom of the transparent sphere 101 irradiated by sunlight in each time period of the day, the second position range is located within the first position range of the corresponding month, and an absorption area is set in each second position range.

[0130] In this embodiment, the 15th of each month is selected as the basis for processing the adjustment zone, and the solar power calculation is based on the data on the 15th of each month. It can be understood that one day is selected in each month to determine the second position range, and an absorption area is set on each second position range. In the same month, the position of the sun's irradiation falls into the same first position range, that is, falls into the same adjustment zone, which can reduce the number of adjustment zones, and is more conducive to the processing and production of the solar absorber while ensuring the accuracy of temperature control.

[0131] In this embodiment, five second position ranges are set on each first position range, and the five second position ranges respectively correspond to the first absorption zone 111, the second absorption zone 112, the third absorption zone 113, the fourth absorption zone 114 and the fifth absorption zone 115. In this embodiment, the first absorption zone 111 corresponds to the solar light convergence position at 10 o'clock, the second absorption zone 112 corresponds to the solar light convergence position at 11 o'clock, the third absorption zone 113 corresponds to the solar light convergence position at 12 o'clock, the fourth absorption zone 114 corresponds to the solar light convergence position at 13 o'clock, and the fifth absorption zone 115 corresponds to the solar light convergence position at 14 o'clock.

[0132] It can be understood that the first absorption zone 111, the second absorption zone 112, the third absorption zone 113, the fourth absorption zone 114 and the fifth absorption zone 115 are connected in sequence from left to right, and each absorption zone is not independent on the absorption surface. Each absorption zone has a certain width and length. In the present embodiment, the movement of the convergence point of sunlight is carried out on the adjustment belt, and the time for sunlight to converge in each absorption zone is one hour. For example, from 9:30 to 10:30, sunlight is refracted and converged in the first absorption zone 111. Specifically, at the moment of 10:10, sunlight also converges in the first absorption zone 111.

[0133] It is understandable that in order to further improve the accuracy of temperature control, the length of the absorption zone can be shortened, and the number of absorption zones can be increased to shorten the time for sunlight to converge in each absorption zone, but such an arrangement increases the difficulty of processing. In this embodiment, the arrangement of five absorption zones in each adjustment belt is the preferred design method, which not only ensures the control accuracy, but also takes into account the difficulty of production and processing.

[0134] Step S223, determining the material absorption rate in each absorption zone within the second position range according to the solar power. It is understandable that according to the solar power of the sunlight gathered in different absorption zones, it is necessary to select the absorption material in each absorption zone to obtain absorption zones with different absorption rates, adjust the absorption power of the object, and achieve the purpose of temperature control.

[0135] In this embodiment, step S223 includes step S2231 and step S2232. Fig. 27 Step S2231, determining the absorbed power. Step S2232, calculating the material absorption rate according to the ratio of the absorbed power to the solar power.

[0136] In this embodiment, the determined absorbed power is between 250-300 W / m 2 Within the range of absorption power, the object can be kept in a comfortable temperature range.

[0137] It can be understood that the absorption power is the product of the material absorption rate and the solar power, so the required material absorption rate can be inferred from the ratio of the determined absorption power to the solar power before using the solar absorber of this embodiment.

[0138] Step S230, setting an absorption surface with multiple absorption zones according to the material absorption rate. The first position range and the second position range are designed and defined in the above steps. According to the material absorption rate obtained in the above steps, the absorption material with the corresponding material absorption rate is set in the corresponding absorption zone, so that the absorption rate of each absorption zone on the absorption surface is different, and the sunlight of different solar powers is refracted and converged into the corresponding absorption zone, which can keep the absorption power of the object within a constant range, thereby achieving the effect of temperature control.

[0139] In this embodiment, step S230 includes step S231 and step S232. Fig.28 .

[0140] Step S231, selecting a corresponding absorption material according to the obtained material absorption rate.

[0141] It is understandable that materials of different colors have different absorption rates. When selecting absorption materials, materials of corresponding colors can be selected according to the required absorption rate of the materials.

[0142] Step S232, setting the absorption material in the second position range corresponding to the transparent sphere 101 by printing or mold transfer. Setting the absorption material in the second position range corresponding to the transparent sphere 101 by printing or mold transfer is simple and convenient. After completing step S232, the absorption areas corresponding to different second position ranges have different absorption rates. When the sunlight of different solar powers is refracted and converged into the corresponding absorption area, the absorption power of the object to solar energy is maintained within a preset range, thereby achieving the effect of temperature control.

[0143] Step S300, arranging and installing the transparent spheres 101 with absorbing surfaces as required.

[0144] It is understandable that such a configuration enables the solar absorber to be applicable to objects of different shapes and sizes, and to perform temperature control on objects of different shapes and sizes.

[0145] In this embodiment, the transparent spheres 101 are arranged into multiple columns, each column has multiple transparent spheres 101, and the two adjacent columns of transparent spheres 101 are staggered, which can make the gaps between the transparent spheres 101 smaller, and can prevent a large amount of sunlight from passing through the gaps between the transparent spheres 101 and directly hitting the objects under the solar absorber, thereby improving the solar power absorption effect of the solar absorber and improving the temperature regulation effect.

[0146] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are specifically described above, but the invention is not limited to the embodiments. Those skilled in the art may make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without violating the spirit of the invention. These equivalent modifications or substitutions are all included in the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A solar absorber, characterized in that: The invention comprises at least one transparent sphere, wherein the transparent sphere has a refractive surface and an absorbing surface, wherein the refractive surface is located at the upper part of the transparent sphere, and the absorbing surface is located at the bottom of the transparent sphere. The absorbing surface is provided with an adjustment belt, and the adjustment belt is extended from left to right along the bottom of the transparent sphere. The adjustment belt is provided with a plurality of absorption areas with different absorption rates, and the plurality of absorption areas are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the adjustment belt. The refractive surface is used to refract sunlight to one of the absorption areas in the adjustment belt, so that the sunlight is focused on the absorption areas in sequence as the time of the day passes.

2. The solar absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that The absorption surface is provided with a plurality of adjustment belts, and the plurality of adjustment belts are arranged in sequence from front to back along the bottom of the transparent sphere.

3. The solar absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that The transparent spheres are arranged in a plurality of rows, each row is provided with a plurality of the transparent spheres, two adjacent transparent spheres are connected to each other, the transparent spheres in each row are located on the same horizontal plane, and the transparent spheres in two adjacent rows are arranged in a staggered manner.

4. A method for processing a solar absorber, characterized in that: For obtaining the solar absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the processing method of the solar absorber comprises the following steps: Make a transparent sphere; Processing an absorption surface on the transparent sphere, wherein the absorption surface is provided with a plurality of absorption zones, and each absorption zone is provided with absorption materials with different absorption rates; The transparent spheres processed with the absorption surface are arranged and installed as required.

5. The method for processing a solar absorber according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step of making a plurality of transparent spheres comprises the following steps: Measure the surface area of ​​the object that needs to be temperature controlled; Calculate the number and radius of the required transparent spheres according to the measured surface area of ​​the object; According to the number and radius of the transparent spheres, the transparent spheres are obtained by 3D printing or mold injection molding.

6. The method for processing a solar absorber according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step of machining the absorption surface on the transparent sphere comprises the following steps: Calculate the solar power P sun ; determining a material absorptivity of the absorption region based on the solar power; The absorption surface having a plurality of absorption areas is arranged according to the absorption rate of the material.

7. The method for processing a solar absorber according to claim 6, characterized in that: The calculation of solar power P sun The steps include the following steps: Obtain the surface area A of the object, the spectrum and angular emissivity of the object and the solar irradiance I in the AM1.5 spectrum AM1.5 (λ); By calculating the formula Calculate the solar power P sun .

8. The method for processing a solar absorber according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step of determining the material absorption rate of the absorption zone according to the solar power comprises the following steps: Determine a first position range where sunlight in each month of a year shines on the bottom of the transparent sphere; One day is selected in each month, and the second position range of the bottom of the transparent sphere irradiated by sunlight in each time period of the day is determined, the second position range is located within the first position range of the corresponding month, and one absorption area is respectively set in each second position range; The absorption rate of the material in the absorption zone within each second position range is determined according to the solar power.

9. The method for processing a solar absorber according to claim 8, characterized in that: The step of determining the material absorption rate in the absorption zone within each second position range according to the solar power comprises the following steps: Determine absorbed power; The material absorption rate is calculated according to the ratio of the absorbed power to the solar power.

10. The method for processing a solar absorber according to claim 8, characterized in that: The step of setting the absorption surface having a plurality of absorption areas according to the absorption rate of the material comprises the following steps: Selecting a corresponding absorption material according to the obtained absorption rate of the material; The absorbing material is arranged within the second position range corresponding to the transparent sphere by printing or mold transfer.

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