A preparation process of calcined oyster

Abstract

The present application discloses a preparation process of calcined oysters, which belongs to the field of Chinese medicinal material processing. A preparation process of calcined oysters, comprising the following steps: S1. Lotus seeds are steamed, pulped with water, and filtered to obtain lotus seed pulp, and then broken rice powder, river sand and carrageenan are added to the lotus seed pulp and mixed to obtain pre-treatment auxiliary materials, and then the pre-treatment auxiliary materials are applied to oyster shells; S2. The oyster shells attached with the pre-treatment auxiliary materials are preheated at 200-240°C for 30-60 minutes, and after the preheating is completed, they are soaked in salt water for 20-40 minutes while hot, and the pre-treatment auxiliary materials are washed away with salt water after soaking, and then rinsed with clean water to obtain pre-treated oyster shells; S3. The pre-treated oyster shells are dried, and then calcined at 340-380°C for 80-100 minutes to obtain calcined oysters. The present application has the advantages of reducing the energy consumption of the calcined oyster process and ensuring the calcination effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of Chinese medicinal material processing, and in particular to a preparation process of calcined oyster. Background Art

[0002] Oyster is a common shellfish medicinal material. Oysters are calcined to obtain calcined oysters. Calcined oysters have good astringent and firming effects and can treat spontaneous sweating, night sweats and other symptoms.

[0003] According to the "Chinese Pharmacopoeia", calcined oysters can be made by the Ming calcination method, that is, take the oyster shells, smash them into small pieces, put them in a suitable container, and take them out when they are crisp or red, so as to make calcined oysters, but the specific time and calcination temperature are not clearly recorded. The actual calcination time and temperature are determined by the pharmaceutical factory through experiments. The more common ones are calcination temperatures of 550-600℃ and calcination times of 2.5-3h. However, the above calcination temperatures and calcination times mean greater energy consumption and higher requirements for calcination equipment. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to reduce the energy consumption of the calcined oyster process while ensuring the calcination effect, the present application provides a preparation process for calcined oysters.

[0005] The present application provides a preparation process for calcined oysters using the following technical solution:

[0006] A preparation process of calcined oysters comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1. The lotus seeds are steamed, beaten with water, and filtered to obtain lotus seed paste, and then broken rice flour, river sand and carrageenan are added to the lotus seed paste and mixed to obtain a pre-treated auxiliary material, and then the pre-treated auxiliary material is applied to the oyster shell;

[0008] S2. The oyster shells attached with the pretreatment auxiliary material are preheated at 200-240°C for 30-60 min, and after the preheating is completed, they are soaked in salt water for 20-40 min while they are still hot, and after soaking, the pretreatment auxiliary material is washed away with salt water, and then rinsed with clean water to obtain pretreated oyster shells;

[0009] S3. Dry the pretreated oyster shells, and then calcine at 340-380° C. for 80-100 min to obtain calcined oysters.

[0010] By adopting the above technical scheme, lotus seeds are rich in mucus protein and starch, combined with the gel properties of carrageenan and the pulping properties of broken rice flour, so that the pretreatment auxiliary materials can adhere to the surface of the oyster shell, and at the same time, the entrained river sand can play a heat transfer role, so that the heat of the preheating process can be better conducted to the inside of the oyster shell, and the attachment of the pretreatment auxiliary materials also forms a relatively closed wrapping state, which gradually forces the heat into the oyster shell, so that more micropores are generated in the oyster shell, so that in the subsequent calcination step, the oyster shell can be calcined to a crispness only at 340-380°C for 80-100 minutes, which meets the properties requirements of the calcined product, reduces energy consumption, and at the same time reduces the decomposition of calcium carbonate due to excessive temperature, thereby increasing the content of calcium carbonate.

[0011] The effect of lotus seeds complements that of calcined oysters. When preheated, lotus seed paste can enhance the astringent and firming effect of calcined oysters. After preheating, it is placed in salt water for salt quenching while hot to further enhance the astringent and firming effect of calcined oysters.

[0012] In addition, after the oyster shell releases heat to the brine, the temperature of the brine around the oyster shell rises, which promotes the dissolution of carrageenan and then causes the pretreatment auxiliary materials to separate from the oyster shell, making it easier to clean the oyster shell for the subsequent calcination step.

[0013] Optionally, in step S1, the lotus seeds are steamed for 30 to 60 minutes, and then the lotus seeds are mixed with water in a mass ratio of 1:(8 to 10) and pulped. After pulping, the mixture is filtered through a 60 to 80 mesh sieve to obtain lotus seed pulp.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, lotus seeds are first steamed before pulping, so that the active ingredients such as mucus protein and starch inside the lotus seeds are fully released into the lotus seed pulp, promoting the preheating of oyster shells and increasing the content of Mn and Zn in the calcined oyster decoction. In addition, a 60-80 mesh screen is selected, which can not only meet the requirement that the lotus seed pulp contains enough protein and starch, but also the filter residue left after filtration can be processed and recovered by drying and other steps to obtain by-products such as lotus seed powder, saving resources and reducing costs.

[0015] Optionally, in step S1, the mass ratio of lotus seeds, broken rice flour, river sand and carrageenan is 1:(0.2-0.4):(1.2-1.6):(0.1-0.2).

[0016] By adopting the above technical scheme, lotus seeds, broken rice flour, river sand and carrageenan are combined in a suitable proportion to improve the heat transfer effect, so that the oyster shells can be calcined to be crispy, while also adjusting the adhesion between the pre-treated auxiliary materials and the surface of the oyster shells, making it easy to clean and remove the pre-treated auxiliary materials on the surface of the oyster shells.

[0017] Optionally, in step S1, the particle size range of the broken rice flour is 0.03-0.07 mm, and the particle size range of the river sand is 0.38-0.55 mm.

[0018] By adopting the above technical scheme, the particle size of broken rice flour is small, and starch is easily released during stirring, so that the pre-treated auxiliary material forms a good viscosity. In addition, the broken rice flour comes from broken rice damaged during rice processing, which improves the comprehensive utilization rate of grain and serves as a partial substitute for lotus seeds, thereby further reducing costs.

[0019] Optionally, in step S1, the carrageenan is L-type carrageenan.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, L-type carrageenan has good thickening and stability, so that the pretreatment auxiliary materials can adhere to the surface of the oyster shell and play a preheating function.

[0021] Optionally, in step S1, the mass ratio of the oyster shell to the pretreatment auxiliary material is 1:(2-4).

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the usage cost of the pretreatment auxiliary materials and the adhesion effect of the pretreatment auxiliary materials on the oyster shells are balanced.

[0023] Optionally, in step S2, the temperature of the brine is controlled at 12-17°C.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the temperature of the brine is controlled at 17°C or below, and rapid cooling is used to help accelerate the subsequent calcination of the oyster shells.

[0025] Optionally, in step S2, the mass concentration of the brine is 10-20 wt%.

[0026] Optionally, in step S3, the drying process is: pre-treating the oyster shells in an environment of 60-70° C. and drying them for 1-2 hours, then drying them naturally, turning them over every 2-3 hours, and drying them for 6-8 hours.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, the oyster shells are pre-treated and fully dried before being calcined, thereby improving the crispness effect of calcination.

[0028] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. The pretreatment auxiliary material containing lotus seed paste in the present application can be attached to the surface of the oyster shell, and the river sand wrapped in it can play a heat transfer role, so that the heat of the preheating process can be better conducted to the inside of the oyster shell. The attachment of the pretreatment auxiliary material also forms a relatively closed wrapping state, gradually forcing the heat into the oyster shell, so that more micropores are generated in the oyster shell, so that in the subsequent calcination step, the oyster shell can be calcined to crispness only at 340-380°C for 80-100min, reducing energy consumption. And the effect of lotus seeds is complementary to that of calcined oysters. During preheating, lotus seed paste can enhance the astringent and astringent effect of calcined oysters, and after preheating, it is placed in salt water while hot for salt quenching, which further enhances the astringent and astringent effect of calcined oysters.

[0030] 2. Lotus seeds are first boiled in water before pulping, so that the active ingredients such as mucus protein and starch in the lotus seeds are fully released into the lotus seed pulp, which promotes the preheating of oyster shells and increases the content of Mn and Zn in the calcined oyster decoction. In addition, a 60-80 mesh screen is selected, which can not only ensure that the lotus seed pulp contains enough protein and starch, but also the remaining filter residue after filtration can be processed and recycled through steps such as drying to obtain by-products such as lotus seed powder, saving resources and reducing costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is a photograph of the calcined oyster prepared in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present application is described in further detail below.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] A preparation process of calcined oyster:

[0035] S1. Wash the lotus seeds and put them into a steamer. Steam the lotus seeds for 20 minutes to soften them. Then put them into a pulping machine and add purified water for pulping. The mass ratio of lotus seeds to purified water is 1:8. The pulping speed is 500 r / min. After pulping, filter with a 60-mesh sieve to obtain lotus seed pulp.

[0036] Weigh broken rice flour, river sand and carrageenan, and make the mass ratio of lotus seeds, broken rice flour, river sand and carrageenan be 1:0.2:1.2:0.1. The particle size of the broken rice flour is 0.03-0.07 mm, and the broken rice flour comes from the broken broken rice produced in the process of processing Northeast rice, which is formed by grinding; the particle size of the river sand is 0.38-0.55 mm; the carrageenan is L-type carrageenan, and the molecular weight of the carrageenan is 15000.

[0037] Add broken rice flour, river sand and carrageenan into lotus seed paste and mix and stir for 30 minutes to obtain pretreatment auxiliary materials.

[0038] Take oyster shells, which are selected from Dalian Bay oysters, wash them until there is no sand, dirt, or ash, and then dry them naturally for 3 hours.

[0039] Apply the pretreatment auxiliary material to the oyster shell so that the pretreatment auxiliary material covers a layer on the surface of the oyster shell.

[0040] S2. The oyster shells attached with the pretreatment auxiliary materials are placed in an oven for preheating at a temperature of 240°C for a preheating time of 30 minutes. After the preheating is completed, the oyster shells are placed in 12°C salt water while they are still hot and soaked for 20 minutes. After soaking, the surface of the oyster shells is scrubbed with a brush in the salt water to wash away the pretreatment auxiliary materials. After taking out the oyster shells, they are rinsed with clean water to obtain pretreated oyster shells;

[0041] S3. Dry the pretreated oyster shells. The drying process is as follows: place the pretreated oyster shells in an oven at 60°C for 2 hours, then dry them naturally in the sun, turn them over every 3 hours, and dry them in the sun for 6 hours.

[0042] Then the pretreated oyster shells were smashed into small pieces with a length of 0.5 to 2 cm, and placed in a calcining machine and calcined at 340°C for 100 min to obtain calcined oysters, such as Figure 1 shown.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] A preparation process of calcined oyster:

[0045] S1. Wash the lotus seeds and put them into a steamer. Steam the lotus seeds for 40 minutes to soften them. Then put them into a pulping machine and add purified water for pulping. The mass ratio of lotus seeds to purified water is 1:10. The pulping speed is 500 r / min. After pulping, filter with an 80-mesh sieve to obtain lotus seed pulp.

[0046] Weigh broken rice flour, river sand and carrageenan, so that the mass ratio of lotus seeds, broken rice flour, river sand and carrageenan is 1:0.4:1.6:0.2. The particle size of the broken rice flour is 0.03-0.07 mm, and the broken rice flour comes from the broken broken rice produced during the processing of Northeast rice, which is formed by grinding; the particle size of the river sand ranges from 0.38 to 0.55 mm; the carrageenan uses L-type carrageenan, and the molecular weight of the carrageenan is 15000.

[0047] Add broken rice flour, river sand and carrageenan into lotus seed paste and mix and stir for 30 minutes to obtain pretreatment auxiliary materials.

[0048] Take oyster shells, which are selected from Dalian Bay oysters, wash them until there is no sand, dirt, or ash, and then dry them naturally for 3 hours.

[0049] Apply the pretreatment auxiliary material to the oyster shell so that the pretreatment auxiliary material covers a layer on the surface of the oyster shell.

[0050] S2. The oyster shells attached with the pretreatment auxiliary material are placed in an oven for preheating at a temperature of 200°C for 60 minutes. After the preheating is completed, the oyster shells are placed in 17°C salt water while hot and soaked for 40 minutes. After soaking, the surface of the oyster shells is scrubbed with a brush in the salt water to wash away the pretreatment auxiliary material. After taking out the oyster shells, they are rinsed with clean water to obtain pretreated oyster shells;

[0051] S3. Dry the pretreated oyster shells. The drying process is as follows: place the pretreated oyster shells in an oven at 70°C for 1 hour, then dry them naturally in the sun, turn them over every 2 hours, and dry them in the sun for 8 hours.

[0052] Then the pretreated oyster shells were smashed into small pieces with a length of 0.5 to 2 cm, placed in a calcining machine and calcined at 380° C. for 80 min to obtain calcined oysters.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] A preparation process of calcined oyster:

[0055] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in step S1, the mesh number of the sieve through which the lotus seed paste is sieved is 140 meshes.

[0056] Comparative Example 1

[0057] A preparation process of calcined oyster:

[0058] Take oyster shells, which are selected from Dalian Bay oysters, wash them until there is no sand, dirt, or ash, then place them in an oven at 60°C to dry for 2 hours, then dry them naturally, turn them over every 3 hours, and dry them for 6 hours.

[0059] The dried oyster shells were smashed into small pieces with a length of 0.5 to 2 cm, placed in a calcining machine, and calcined at 550°C for 2.5 h to obtain calcined oysters.

[0060] Comparative Example 2

[0061] A preparation process of calcined oyster:

[0062] Take oyster shells, which are selected from Dalian Bay oysters, wash them until there is no sand, dirt, or ash, then place them in an oven at 60°C to dry for 2 hours, then dry them naturally, turn them over every 3 hours, and dry them for 6 hours.

[0063] The dried oyster shells were smashed into small pieces with a length of 0.5 to 2 cm, placed in a calciner, calcined at 340°C for 50 min, taken out and placed in 12°C brine, soaked for 5 min, taken out and rinsed with clean water, dried, and then placed in a calciner and continued to calcine at 340°C for 50 min to obtain calcined oysters.

[0064] Comparative Example 3

[0065] A preparation process of calcined oyster:

[0066] Take oyster shells, which are selected from Dalian Bay oysters, wash them until there is no sand, dirt, or ash, then place them in an oven at 60°C to dry for 2 hours, then dry them naturally, turn them over every 3 hours, and dry them for 6 hours.

[0067] Take a container filled with river sand, bury the dried oyster shells in the river sand so that the river sand completely covers the oyster shells, place the container in an oven for preheating at 240°C for 30 minutes, and remove the river sand on the surface of the oyster shells after taking them out.

[0068] Then the oyster shells were smashed into small pieces with a length of 0.5 to 2 cm, placed in a calcining machine and calcined at 340° C. for 100 min to obtain calcined oysters.

[0069] Comparative Example 4

[0070] A preparation process of calcined oyster:

[0071] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that in step S1, the pretreatment auxiliary material does not contain river sand, and the mass ratio of lotus seeds, broken rice powder and carrageenan in the pretreatment auxiliary material is 1:1.4:0.1.

[0072] Comparative Example 5

[0073] A preparation process of calcined oyster:

[0074] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that in step S1, the pretreatment auxiliary material does not contain lotus seed paste, and the pretreatment auxiliary material is prepared by mixing broken rice powder, river sand, carrageenan and water in a mass ratio of 1.2:1.2:0.1:8.

[0075] Effect detection

[0076] 1. The properties of calcined oyster products were recorded in terms of color, cross-sectional state and texture. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0077] 2. Determination of crushing rate: Take the small pieces of calcined oysters prepared in each embodiment and comparative example, 20g of each sample, use a small medicinal material powder grinder to grind for 5s at a rate of 15000r / min, pass through an 80-mesh sieve, and calculate the crushing rate of the sample by the ratio of the weight of the sieved fine powder to the weight of the sample. The crushing rate can reflect the crispness of the calcined oysters. The higher the crushing rate, the crispier the oysters. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0078] Table 1

[0079] Calcined oyster properties Crushing rate (%) Example 1 Off-white, with obvious layered cross section, crispy 86.1 Example 2 Off-white, with obvious layered cross section, crisp 84.8 Example 3 Off-white, with obvious layered cross section, crispy 81.0 Comparative Example 1 Off-white, with obvious layered cross section, crisp 82.6 Comparative Example 2 Grayish green, slightly layered in cross section, slightly crispy 65.8 Comparative Example 3 Gray-brown, slightly layered in cross section, relatively crisp 74.4 Comparative Example 4 Grayish green, slightly layered in cross section, slightly crispy 70.5 Comparative Example 5 Gray-brown, slightly layered in cross section, relatively crisp 75.7

[0080] 3. Determination of calcium carbonate content: Take the calcined oysters prepared in each embodiment and comparative example, grind them into fine powder as samples, 0.15g of each sample, put them in a conical flask, add 10mL of dilute hydrochloric acid, heat to dissolve, add 20mL of water and 1 drop of methyl red indicator, add 10% potassium hydroxide solution until the solution turns yellow, continue to add 10mL, add a small amount of calcein indicator, and then titrate with disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid titration solution (0.05mol / L) until the yellow-green fluorescence of the solution disappears and turns orange. Each 1mL of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid titration solution (0.05mol / L) is equivalent to 5.004mg of calcium carbonate, and the test results are shown in Table 2.

[0081] 3. Determination of manganese and zinc content in decoction: Take the calcined oysters prepared in each embodiment and comparative example, grind them into fine powder as samples, 10 g of each sample, add 100 mL of water and boil for 30 min, collect the filtrate after filtering, add 80 mL of water to the filter residue and continue boiling for 30 min, collect the filtrate after filtering, combine the filtrate, and make the volume to 50 mL; take 5 mL of the fixed solution, add 4 mL of nitric acid and 1 mL of perchloric acid, heat to remove acid, add water to make the volume to 50 mL, take the standard solution, and then determine the content of Mn and Zn in the decoction by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0082] Table 2

[0083]

[0084]

[0085] Combining Table 1 and Table 2, it can be seen that compared with the calcined oyster obtained by the traditional preparation process in Comparative Example 1, the calcined oyster obtained by the preparation process of the present application meets the requirements of the pharmacopoeia in terms of properties, and can obtain a higher calcium carbonate content and Mn and Zn element content, and the calcination temperature is lower, the calcination time is also shortened, and the energy consumption for calcination is greatly reduced, which meets the new requirements of green and environmentally friendly pharmaceutical production.

[0086] Compared with the method of comparative example 2 which only uses salt quenching and a lower calcination temperature, the steps of pre-treating the auxiliary materials for attachment and preheating can greatly improve the calcination effect, otherwise the calcination temperature is not enough to calcine the oyster shells thoroughly.

[0087] Compared with the method of preheating oyster shells by covering them with river sand in Comparative Example 3, the pretreatment auxiliary materials of the present application can form a more closed wrapping state with the oyster shells, promote the generation of micropores inside the oyster shells, and thus make the properties of the calcined oysters more in line with the calcination requirements.

[0088] Compared with Comparative Examples 4 and 5 which use different pretreatment auxiliary materials, the pretreatment auxiliary materials of the present application combine the characteristics of lotus seed paste and river sand to preheat oyster shells, which can not only meet the requirements of calcining oysters thoroughly, but also improve the Mn and Zn element contents in the calcined oyster decoction.

[0089] In Example 3, lotus seed paste is obtained by filtering with a finer mesh. It can be seen that the effect is slightly inferior to that of Example 1 in various aspects. Therefore, lotus seed paste is obtained by filtering with a suitable mesh so that the lotus seed paste retains sufficient mucus protein and starch active ingredients, thereby improving the pretreatment effect of the pretreatment auxiliary material.

[0090] This specific implementation manner is merely an explanation of the present application and is not a limitation of the present application. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make non-creative modifications to the specific implementation manner as needed, but such modifications are protected by the patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A process for preparing calcined oysters, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. The lotus seeds are steamed, beaten with water, and filtered to obtain lotus seed paste, and then broken rice flour, river sand and carrageenan are added to the lotus seed paste and mixed to obtain a pre-treated auxiliary material, and then the pre-treated auxiliary material is applied to the oyster shell; S2. preheating the oyster shells attached with the pretreatment auxiliary material at 200-240°C for 30-60 min, soaking them in salt water for 20-40 min while they are still hot, washing the pretreatment auxiliary material with salt water, and then rinsing them with clean water to obtain pretreated oyster shells; S3. drying the pretreated oyster shells, and then calcining at 340-380° C. for 80-100 min to obtain calcined oysters; In step S1, the lotus seeds are steamed for 20-40 minutes, and then the lotus seeds are mixed with water in a mass ratio of 1:(8-10) and pulped, and after pulping, the lotus seeds are filtered through a 60-80 mesh screen to obtain lotus seed pulp; In step S1, the mass ratio of lotus seeds, broken rice flour, river sand and carrageenan is 1:(0.2-0.4):(1.2-1.6):(0.1-0.2); the mass ratio of oyster shell to pretreatment auxiliary material is 1:(2-4); In step S1, the particle size of the broken rice flour is in the range of 0.03-0.07 mm, and the particle size of the river sand is in the range of 0.38-0.55 mm; In step S1, the carrageenan is selected from L-type carrageenan; In step S2, the mass concentration of the brine is 10-20wt%; and the temperature of the brine is controlled at 12-17°C.

2. The process for preparing calcined oyster according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the drying process is as follows: pre-treating the oyster shells in an environment of 60-70°C for 1-2 hours, then drying them naturally, turning them over every 2-3 hours, and drying them for 6-8 hours.

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