Equivalent circuit, parameter determination method, system and device of memristor

Abstract

The present invention discloses an equivalent circuit, parameter determination method, system and device of a memristor, which relates to the field of circuit design and is used to solve the limitation that the equivalent circuit of the current memristor is usually designed relative to zero potential. The equivalent circuit includes a plurality of current branches and an adjustment circuit, and the two ends of each current branch are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of an input power supply, and the adjustment circuit adjusts the current of the current branch according to the positive and negative voltages of the input power supply to ensure that the corresponding relationship between the current sum and the voltage difference satisfies the characteristics of the hysteresis loop of the memristor. This design enables the current branch to work normally without relying on grounding, realizes the requirements of a non-grounded two-port, increases the flexibility of the memristor equivalent circuit, and enables it to be used in a wider range of engineering applications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of circuit design, and in particular to an equivalent circuit of a memristor, a parameter determination method, a system and a device. Background Art

[0002] Memristors, as passive electronic devices with memory functions, have important application prospects in the field of electronic engineering. However, their high manufacturing cost and strict manufacturing conditions limit their possibility of large-scale use in engineering applications. Therefore, the study and analysis of the electrical characteristics and potential application value of memristors usually simulates the functions of memristors through equivalent circuits.

[0003] Currently, the equivalent circuit of a memristor is usually designed relative to zero potential, which limits its flexibility in application, especially when a floating (i.e., non-grounded) two-port is required.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for new memristor equivalent circuit designs to better meet the requirements of different applications. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an equivalent circuit, parameter determination method, system and device of a memristor, so that the current branch can work normally without relying on grounding, realize the requirements of non-grounded two ports, increase the flexibility of the memristor equivalent circuit, and enable it to be used in a wider range of engineering applications.

[0006] On the one hand, the present application provides an equivalent circuit of a memristor, comprising:

[0007] A plurality of current branches, each of which has two ends connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the input power supply respectively;

[0008] An adjustment circuit, connected to the positive electrode and / or the negative electrode of the input power source, and at least one of the current branches respectively;

[0009] The adjustment circuit is used to adjust the current of at least one of the current branches according to the positive voltage and / or the negative voltage of the input power supply, so that the corresponding relationship between the current sum value and the voltage difference value satisfies the hysteresis loop, the side lobe area of ​​the hysteresis loop is negatively correlated with the frequency of the driving signal of the memristor, and when the frequency is infinite, the current sum value and the voltage difference are in a one-to-one correspondence relationship;

[0010] The current sum is the sum of the currents on all the current branches, and the voltage difference is the difference between the positive electrode voltage and the negative electrode voltage.

[0011] The number of the current branches is 2, and the first current branch includes a first resistor, two ends of the first resistor are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the input power supply, and the adjustment circuit is respectively connected to the positive electrode and / or the negative electrode of the input power supply and the second current branch;

[0012] The adjustment circuit is specifically used to adjust the second current on the second current branch according to the positive voltage and / or the negative voltage of the input power supply, so that the corresponding relationship between the current sum and the voltage difference satisfies the hysteresis loop, and the sidelobe area of ​​the hysteresis loop is negatively correlated with the frequency of the driving signal of the memristor. When the frequency is infinite, the current sum and the voltage difference are in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0013] Wherein, the second current branch comprises:

[0014] A second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, and a first operational amplifier;

[0015] The first end of the second resistor is respectively connected to the positive electrode of the input power supply and the positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier, the second end of the second resistor is respectively connected to the second end of the third resistor and the output terminal of the first operational amplifier, the first end of the third resistor is respectively connected to the second end of the fourth resistor and the negative input terminal of the first operational amplifier, and the first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the output terminal of the adjustment circuit;

[0016] The adjustment circuit is specifically used to adjust the voltage of the first end of the fourth resistor according to the positive voltage and / or the negative voltage of the input power supply to adjust the second current on the second resistor so that the corresponding relationship between the current sum of the first current on the first resistor and the second current on the second resistor and the voltage difference satisfies the hysteresis loop.

[0017] Wherein, the adjustment circuit comprises:

[0018] A first voltage output circuit, whose input terminals are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the input power supply, and is used to output a first voltage according to the positive electrode voltage and the negative electrode voltage;

[0019] A second voltage output circuit, the input end of which is connected to the negative electrode of the input power supply, and is used to output a second voltage according to the negative electrode voltage;

[0020] An integration circuit is connected to the output end of the first voltage output circuit and the output end of the second voltage output circuit, and is used to integrate the first voltage and the second voltage to obtain a target voltage, where the target voltage is the voltage of the first end of the fourth resistor.

[0021] Wherein, the second voltage output circuit comprises:

[0022] a second operational amplifier, a fifth resistor, and a sixth resistor;

[0023] The first end of the fifth resistor is connected to the negative electrode of the input power supply, the second end of the fifth resistor is respectively connected to the negative input terminal of the second operational amplifier and the first end of the sixth resistor, the second end of the sixth resistor is respectively connected to the output terminal of the integration circuit and the second operational amplifier, and the positive input terminal of the second operational amplifier is grounded.

[0024] Wherein, the integrated circuit includes a first multiplier and a first subtractor;

[0025] The input end of the first multiplier is connected to the output end of the first voltage output circuit, the output end of the first multiplier is connected to the positive input end of the first subtractor, the negative input end of the first subtractor is connected to the output end of the second voltage output circuit, and the output end of the first subtractor is connected to the first end of the fourth resistor.

[0026] Wherein, the first subtractor comprises:

[0027] a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, and a third operational amplifier;

[0028] The first end of the seventh resistor is connected to the output end of the first multiplier, the second end of the seventh resistor is respectively connected to the first end of the eighth resistor and the positive input end of the third operational amplifier, the second end of the eighth resistor is grounded, the negative input end of the third operational amplifier is respectively connected to the first end of the ninth resistor and the first end of the tenth resistor, the second end of the ninth resistor is connected to the output end of the second voltage output circuit, and the second end of the tenth resistor is respectively connected to the output end of the third operational amplifier and the first end of the fourth resistor.

[0029] Wherein, the first voltage output circuit at least includes a logarithmic adjustment circuit;

[0030] The logarithmic adjustment circuit is used to perform logarithmic operation according to the voltage at its own input end to obtain a logarithmic operation output voltage.

[0031] Wherein, the logarithmic adjustment circuit includes:

[0032] a second multiplier, an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor, and a fourth operational amplifier;

[0033] The first input end of the second multiplier serves as the input end of the logarithmic adjustment circuit, the output end of the second multiplier is connected to the first end of the twelfth resistor, the second end of the twelfth resistor is respectively connected to the second end of the eleventh resistor and the positive input end of the fourth operational amplifier, the first end of the eleventh resistor is connected to a DC voltage source, the negative input end of the fourth operational amplifier is grounded through the thirteenth resistor, and the output end of the fourth operational amplifier is respectively connected to the integration circuit and the second input end of the second multiplier.

[0034] Wherein, the first voltage output circuit also includes a second subtractor, an integrator, and an inverse adder;

[0035] The two input ends of the second subtractor are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the input power supply, the output end of the second subtractor is connected to the input end of the integrator, the output end of the integrator is connected to the input end of the inverting adder, the output end of the inverting adder is connected to the input end of the logarithmic adjustment circuit, and the output end of the logarithmic adjustment circuit serves as the output end of the first voltage output circuit.

[0036] Wherein, the reverse adder includes a fourteenth resistor, a fifteenth resistor, a sixteenth resistor, a seventeenth resistor and a fifth operational amplifier;

[0037] The first end of the fourteenth resistor is connected to the output end of the integrator, the second end of the fourteenth resistor is respectively connected to the second end of the fifteenth resistor, the first end of the seventeenth resistor and the positive input end of the fifth operational amplifier, the first end of the fifteenth resistor is connected to a DC voltage source, the negative input end of the fifth operational amplifier is grounded through the sixteenth resistor, and the output end of the fifth operational amplifier is connected to the second end of the seventeenth resistor and serves as the output end of the inverse adder.

[0038] Wherein, the first voltage output circuit further includes a voltage follower;

[0039] The positive input terminal of the voltage follower is connected to the positive electrode of the input power supply, the negative input terminal of the voltage follower is respectively connected to the output terminal of the voltage follower and the first input terminal of the second subtractor, and the second input terminal of the second subtractor is connected to the negative electrode of the input power supply.

[0040] On the other hand, the present application also provides a method for determining parameters of an equivalent circuit, which is applied to the equivalent circuit of the memristor as described above, and the method for determining parameters of the equivalent circuit includes:

[0041] Determine the expressions of the current sum value and the voltage difference value according to the structure of the equivalent circuit; the current sum value is the sum of the currents passing through all current branches, and the voltage difference value is the difference between the input positive electrode voltage and the input negative electrode voltage;

[0042] The parameters of each electronic component in the equivalent circuit are determined according to the expression so that the corresponding relationship between the current sum value and the voltage difference satisfies the hysteresis loop, the sidelobe area of ​​the hysteresis loop is negatively correlated with the frequency of the driving signal of the memristor, and when the frequency is infinite, the current sum value and the voltage difference are in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0043] Before determining the parameters of each electronic component in the equivalent circuit according to the expression, the method further includes:

[0044] Setting initial parameters for each of the electronic components in the equivalent circuit;

[0045] Simulating the equivalent circuit according to the initial parameters to obtain a volt-ampere characteristic curve, wherein the volt-ampere characteristic curve represents a corresponding relationship between the current sum and the voltage difference;

[0046] Determining whether to adjust the initial parameters according to the volt-ampere characteristic curve;

[0047] If yes, adjusting the initial parameters to target parameters according to the volt-ampere characteristic curve;

[0048] If not, the initial parameter is determined as the target parameter.

[0049] Wherein, determining whether to adjust the initial parameters according to the volt-ampere characteristic curve includes:

[0050] Determining whether a volt-ampere characteristic curve obtained by simulating the equivalent circuit according to the initial parameters is a hysteresis loop;

[0051] If the volt-ampere characteristic curve obtained by simulating the equivalent circuit according to the initial parameters is not the hysteresis loop, adjusting the initial parameters multiple times, and simulating the equivalent circuit according to the parameters adjusted each time to obtain an adjusted volt-ampere characteristic curve;

[0052] According to the expression, the parameters of each electronic component in the equivalent circuit are determined, including:

[0053] determining whether there is a hysteresis loop in a plurality of adjusted volt-ampere characteristic curves;

[0054] If a hysteresis loop exists in the plurality of adjusted volt-ampere characteristic curves, the optimal parameters of each electronic component are determined according to the parameters corresponding to the hysteresis loop.

[0055] Among them, before determining the expressions of the current sum and voltage difference according to the structure of the equivalent circuit, it also includes:

[0056] Obtain the flux-charge characteristic expression of the memristor;

[0057] Determining the corresponding relationship between the current and the voltage of the memristor according to the flux charge characteristic expression;

[0058] The equivalent circuit is set according to the corresponding relationship between the current and the voltage of the memristor, so that the corresponding relationship between the current sum value and the voltage difference in the equivalent circuit is the same as the corresponding relationship between the current and the voltage of the memristor.

[0059] On the other hand, the present application provides a parameter determination system for an equivalent circuit, which is applied to the equivalent circuit of the memristor as described above, and the parameter determination system for the equivalent circuit includes:

[0060] An expression determination unit, used to determine the expressions of the current sum value and the voltage difference value according to the structure of the equivalent circuit; the current sum value is the sum of the currents passing through all current branches, and the voltage difference value is the difference between the input positive electrode voltage and the input negative electrode voltage;

[0061] A parameter determination unit is used to determine the parameters of each electronic component in the equivalent circuit according to the expression, so that the corresponding relationship between the current sum value and the voltage difference satisfies the hysteresis loop, the sidelobe area of ​​the hysteresis loop is negatively correlated with the frequency of the driving signal of the memristor, and when the frequency is infinite, the current sum value and the voltage difference are in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0062] On the other hand, the present application provides a device for determining parameters of an equivalent circuit, comprising:

[0063] Memory for storing computer programs;

[0064] A processor is used to implement the steps of the method for determining parameters of an equivalent circuit as described above when executing a computer program.

[0065] On the other hand, the present application provides a computer program product, including a computer program / instruction, which implements the steps of the above-mentioned method for determining parameters of an equivalent circuit when executed by a processor.

[0066] On the other hand, the present application provides a non-volatile storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for determining parameters of an equivalent circuit as described above are implemented.

[0067] The present invention provides an equivalent circuit, parameter determination method, system and device of a memristor, which relates to the field of circuit design and is used to solve the limitation that the equivalent circuit of the current memristor is usually designed relative to zero potential. The equivalent circuit includes a plurality of current branches and an adjustment circuit, and the two ends of each current branch are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of an input power supply, and the adjustment circuit adjusts the current of the current branch according to the positive and negative voltages of the input power supply to ensure that the corresponding relationship between the current sum and the voltage difference satisfies the characteristics of the hysteresis loop of the memristor. This design allows the current branch to work normally without relying on grounding, realizes the requirements of a non-grounded two-port, increases the flexibility of the memristor equivalent circuit, and enables it to be used in a wider range of engineering applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0068] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0069] Figure 1 A block diagram of an equivalent circuit of a memristor provided by the present invention;

[0070] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a specific implementation of an equivalent circuit of a memristor provided by the present invention;

[0071] Figure 3 A flow chart of a method for determining parameters of an equivalent circuit provided by the present invention;

[0072] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a charge-flux curve provided by the present invention;

[0073] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a volt-ampere characteristic curve provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0074] The core of the present invention is to provide an equivalent circuit, parameter determination method, system and device of a memristor, so that the current branch can work normally without relying on grounding, realize the requirements of non-grounded two ports, increase the flexibility of the memristor equivalent circuit, and enable it to be used in a wider range of engineering applications.

[0075] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0076] On the one hand, if Figure 1 As shown, the present application provides an equivalent circuit of a memristor, including: a plurality of current branches 11, wherein the two ends of each current branch 11 are respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of an input power supply; an adjustment circuit 12, respectively connected to the positive and / or negative electrodes of the input power supply, and at least one current branch 11; the adjustment circuit 12 is used to adjust the current of at least one current branch 11 according to the positive voltage and / or negative voltage of the input power supply, so that the corresponding relationship between the current sum and the voltage difference satisfies the hysteresis loop, the side lobe area of ​​the hysteresis loop is negatively correlated with the frequency of the driving signal of the memristor, and when the frequency is infinite, the current sum and the voltage difference are in a one-to-one correspondence; the current sum is the sum of the currents on all current branches 11, and the voltage difference is the difference between the positive voltage and the negative voltage.

[0077] This embodiment describes an equivalent circuit of a memristor, aiming to solve the problems of high manufacturing cost and many design restrictions of memristors in engineering applications. The circuit structure includes a plurality of current branches 11, and the two ends of each current branch 11 are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the input power supply. Figure 1 The + in the figure represents the positive pole of the input power supply, and the - represents the negative pole of the input power supply. In addition, there is an adjustment circuit 12, which is connected to the positive and negative poles of the input power supply and at least one current branch 11, and is used to adjust the current of the current branch 11 according to the voltage of the input power supply to ensure that the relationship between the current sum and the voltage difference conforms to the hysteresis loop characteristics.

[0078] Specifically, the hysteresis loop is a volt-ampere characteristic curve unique to the memristor, which describes the current response of the memristor when different voltages are applied, and is usually expressed as a nonlinear curve with memory and dissipation characteristics. In this equivalent circuit, the design of the adjustment circuit 12 makes the relationship between the current sum and the voltage difference satisfy the shape of the hysteresis loop, so that the electrical characteristics of the memristor can be simulated. In addition, it is also defined that the sidelobe area of ​​the hysteresis loop of the memristor is negatively correlated with the frequency of the driving signal. This means that when the frequency of the driving signal increases, the sidelobe area of ​​the hysteresis loop will decrease, indicating that the corresponding relationship between the current sum and the voltage difference of the memristor is more linear, especially at high frequencies, and can be approximated as a one-to-one correspondence.

[0079] In summary, this embodiment proposes an equivalent circuit design for realizing the characteristics of a memristor by adjusting the circuit 12, which overcomes the dependence on zero potential in traditional designs and enhances flexibility and applicability in engineering applications. This design can not only reduce manufacturing costs, but also better meet the actual application requirements of memristors at different frequencies, and has important engineering application value and research significance.

[0080] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 2 , the number of current branches 11 is 2, and the first current branch 11 includes a first resistor R1, the two ends of the first resistor R1 are respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the input power supply, and the adjustment circuit 12 is respectively connected to the positive and / or negative electrodes of the input power supply and the second current branch 11; the adjustment circuit 12 is specifically used to adjust the second current on the second current branch 11 according to the positive voltage and / or negative voltage of the input power supply, so that the corresponding relationship between the current sum and the voltage difference satisfies the hysteresis loop, the sidelobe area of ​​the hysteresis loop is negatively correlated with the frequency of the driving signal of the memristor, and when the frequency is infinite, the current sum and the voltage difference are in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0081] In this embodiment, the circuit comprises two current branches 11, wherein the first current branch 11 is connected to the positive and negative poles of the input power supply through the first resistor R1. The second current branch 11 is connected to the regulating circuit 12, which is itself connected to the positive and negative poles of the input power supply and the second current branch 11.

[0082] The key adjustment circuit 12 is responsible for adjusting the second current on the second current branch 11 according to the positive voltage and / or negative voltage of the input power supply (because the first current branch 11 includes the first resistor R1, and the current on the first resistor R1 is the first current, which is a fixed value). This adjustment ensures that the difference between the sum of the currents of the first current branch 11 and the second current branch 11 and the input voltage satisfies the shape and characteristics of the hysteresis loop. The hysteresis loop is the volt-ampere characteristic curve of the memristor. Its nonlinear characteristics enable the memristor to have memory and dissipation characteristics, and can store and adjust charges in the circuit.

[0083] In this embodiment, the number of current branches 11 is set to 2, mainly to simplify the description of the circuit design, and does not mean that it is limited to two current branches 11. In fact, the number of current branches 11 can be adjusted and expanded according to specific application requirements. Each current branch 11 can be independently connected to the positive and negative poles of the input power supply, and the corresponding current adjustment is performed through the adjustment circuit 12 to ensure that the corresponding relationship between the current sum and the voltage difference meets the requirements of the hysteresis loop. This design flexibility enables the circuit to adapt to memristor simulation and application scenarios with different complexity and functional requirements, providing engineers with more choices and optimization space.

[0084] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the second current branch 11 includes: a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, and a first operational amplifier U1; the first end of the second resistor R2 is respectively connected to the positive electrode of the input power supply and the positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1, the second end of the second resistor R2 is respectively connected to the second end of the third resistor R3 and the output terminal of the first operational amplifier U1, the first end of the third resistor R3 is respectively connected to the second end of the fourth resistor R4 and the negative input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1, and the first end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the output terminal of the adjustment circuit 12; the adjustment circuit 12 is specifically used to adjust the voltage of the first end of the fourth resistor R4 according to the positive voltage and / or negative voltage of the input power supply to adjust the second current on the second resistor R2, so that the corresponding relationship between the current sum and the voltage difference of the first current on the first resistor R1 and the second current on the second resistor R2 satisfies the hysteresis loop.

[0085] This embodiment further describes a memristor equivalent circuit design of an embodiment. In this embodiment, the second current branch 11 includes a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4 and a first operational amplifier U1. The specific circuit connection is as described above.

[0086] The function of the adjustment circuit 12 is to adjust the voltage of the first end of the fourth resistor R4 according to the positive voltage and / or the negative voltage of the input power supply, thereby affecting the second current on the second resistor R2. The purpose of this adjustment is to ensure that the relationship between the current sum and the voltage difference of the first current on the first resistor R1 and the second current on the second resistor R2 meets the requirements of the hysteresis loop.

[0087] When the circuit is running, the first operational amplifier U1 plays a key role. It affects the current flow in the second current branch 11 by adjusting the output signal, so that the relationship between the current sum and the voltage difference of the memristor presents the characteristics of a hysteresis loop. This design is not only flexible and accurate in simulating the function of the memristor, but can also be adjusted and optimized according to specific needs to meet the performance requirements and engineering design needs in different application scenarios.

[0088] In one embodiment, the adjustment circuit 12 includes: a first voltage output circuit, whose input end is respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the input power supply, and is used to output a first voltage according to the positive voltage and the negative voltage; a second voltage output circuit, whose input end is connected to the negative electrode of the input power supply, and is used to output a second voltage according to the negative voltage; an integration circuit, which is connected to the output end of the first voltage output circuit and the output end of the second voltage output circuit, and is used to integrate the first voltage and the second voltage to obtain a target voltage, and the target voltage is the voltage of the first end of the fourth resistor R4.

[0089] This embodiment describes a design of an adjustment circuit 12 of an embodiment, which is intended to realize the function of a memristor equivalent circuit. In this embodiment, the adjustment circuit 12 includes three main parts: a first voltage output circuit, a second voltage output circuit and an integration circuit. First, the input end of the first voltage output circuit is respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the input power supply, and its function is to generate and output a first voltage according to the positive and negative voltages of the input power supply. The voltage of this voltage output circuit can represent the relationship between the positive and negative voltages extracted from the input power supply and output it. The first voltage has a first preset relationship with the positive and negative voltages. The input end of the second voltage output circuit is connected to the negative pole of the input power supply, and it specifically generates and outputs a second voltage according to the negative voltage. The output voltage of this voltage output circuit has a second preset relationship with the negative voltage. Finally, the integration circuit is connected to the output ends of the first voltage output circuit and the second voltage output circuit, and its main function is to integrate the first voltage and the second voltage together to obtain a target voltage (the target voltage has a third preset relationship with the positive and negative voltages). This target voltage directly acts on the first end of the fourth resistor R4 , and through the integration and output of the adjustment circuit 12 , it is ensured that the voltage on the first end of the fourth resistor R4 meets the expected requirements and design specifications.

[0090] The design goal of the entire adjustment circuit 12 is to effectively adjust and control the voltage parameters in the memristor equivalent circuit according to the positive and negative voltages of the input power supply on the basis of ensuring voltage stability and accuracy, so as to meet the performance requirements of the memristor under different working conditions. This design not only improves the flexibility and adaptability of the circuit, but also can effectively simulate and realize the characteristics and functions of the memristor in various application scenarios.

[0091] In one embodiment, the second voltage output circuit includes: a second operational amplifier U2, a fifth resistor R5, and a sixth resistor R6; the first end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the negative electrode of the input power supply, the second end of the fifth resistor R5 is respectively connected to the negative input end of the second operational amplifier U2 and the first end of the sixth resistor R6, the second end of the sixth resistor R6 is respectively connected to the output end of the integration circuit and the second operational amplifier U2, and the positive input end of the second operational amplifier U2 is grounded.

[0092] In this embodiment, when the resistance values ​​of the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 are equal, this circuit can realize the function of an inverter. The function of the inverter is to reverse the voltage of the input signal and output it, that is, the output voltage is opposite to the negative voltage of the input power supply. When the resistance values ​​of the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 are equal, the second operational amplifier U2 can stably amplify and output the reverse signal of the input voltage in the feedback loop, thereby realizing the reverse output function of the circuit.

[0093] In summary, this design utilizes a combination of an operational amplifier and a resistor network. By precisely controlling the resistance value of the resistor, the input signal can be reversed, thereby providing an inverter function commonly found in electronic circuits.

[0094] In one embodiment, the integrated circuit includes a first multiplier M1 and a first subtractor; the input end of the first multiplier M1 is connected to the output end of the first voltage output circuit, the output end of the first multiplier M1 is connected to the positive input end of the first subtractor, the negative input end of the first subtractor is connected to the output end of the second voltage output circuit, and the output end of the first subtractor is connected to the first end of the fourth resistor R4.

[0095] In the described embodiment, the integrated circuit adopts a combination of a first multiplier M1 and a first subtractor. The main function of the first multiplier M1 is to amplify or reduce the voltage output by the first voltage output circuit, and the output result is a multiple or fraction of the input voltage. The output end of the first multiplier M1 is connected to the positive input end of the first subtractor, and the voltage signal after the multiplication operation is transmitted to the first subtractor for further processing.

[0096] The first subtractor receives two input signals, which come from the first multiplier M1 and the output end of the second voltage output circuit respectively. The main function of the first subtractor is to calculate the difference between the two input signals and output the result. The output end of the first subtractor is connected to the first end of the fourth resistor R4, and the calculated difference voltage is input to the second current branch 11 as the final target voltage.

[0097] The design of the integrated circuit aims to utilize the mathematical operation characteristics of the multiplier and subtractor, and can flexibly adjust and process the voltage signal to obtain a specific target voltage output, thereby meeting the needs for precise control and regulation in complex electronic circuits.

[0098] In one embodiment, the first subtractor includes: a seventh resistor R7, an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, a tenth resistor R10, and a third operational amplifier U3; the first end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the output end of the first multiplier M1, the second end of the seventh resistor R7 is respectively connected to the first end of the eighth resistor R8 and the input positive end of the third operational amplifier U3, the second end of the eighth resistor R8 is grounded, the input negative end of the third operational amplifier U3 is respectively connected to the first end of the ninth resistor R9 and the first end of the tenth resistor R10, the second end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the output end of the second voltage output circuit, and the second end of the tenth resistor R10 is respectively connected to the output end of the third operational amplifier U3 and the first end of the fourth resistor R4.

[0099] In one embodiment, the first voltage output circuit at least includes a logarithmic adjustment circuit; the logarithmic adjustment circuit is used to perform a logarithmic operation according to the voltage at its own input terminal to obtain a logarithmic operation output voltage.

[0100] In order to realize the logarithmic memristor characteristics (there is no equivalent circuit of the logarithmic memristor in the current technology), in this embodiment, the first voltage output circuit includes at least a logarithmic adjustment circuit. The main function of the logarithmic adjustment circuit is to perform a logarithmic operation according to the voltage at its own input terminal and output a corresponding logarithmic operation output voltage. This circuit design usually uses specific electronic components and circuit configurations, such as operational amplifiers and appropriately selected resistor networks, to achieve a logarithmic transformation of the input signal. Specifically, the logarithmic adjustment circuit first receives the input voltage signal and passes it to an operational amplifier or a similar circuit component. The operational amplifier plays a key role here. It can convert the input voltage into an output voltage proportional to the logarithm of the input signal through an internal feedback mechanism and amplification function. The realization of this logarithmic operation depends on the amplification factor of the operational amplifier in the circuit and the design of the feedback path to ensure the logarithmic relationship between the output voltage and the input signal.

[0101] The design of the logarithmic adjustment circuit is not just a simple voltage conversion, but through the characteristics of mathematical logarithmic operations, a specific voltage output required in the memristor equivalent circuit is achieved. This function is particularly important for simulating the electrical characteristics of a specific memristor, because the characteristics of a memristor often require nonlinear processing of the input signal to achieve specific memory and response functions. Therefore, the logarithmic adjustment circuit plays a key role in this embodiment, ensuring that the circuit can accurately simulate and implement the characteristics of a logarithmic memristor.

[0102] In one embodiment, the logarithmic adjustment circuit includes: a second multiplier M2, an eleventh resistor R11, a twelfth resistor R12, a thirteenth resistor R13, and a fourth operational amplifier U4; the first input end of the second multiplier M2 serves as the input end of the logarithmic adjustment circuit, the output end of the second multiplier M2 is connected to the first end of the twelfth resistor R12, the second end of the twelfth resistor R12 is respectively connected to the second end of the eleventh resistor R11 and the input positive end of the fourth operational amplifier U4, the first end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected to a DC voltage source, the input negative end of the fourth operational amplifier U4 is grounded through the thirteenth resistor R13, and the output end of the fourth operational amplifier U4 is respectively connected to the integration circuit and the second input end of the second multiplier M2.

[0103] In the present embodiment, the specific implementation of the logarithmic adjustment circuit includes a second multiplier M2, an eleventh resistor R11, a twelfth resistor R12, a thirteenth resistor R13 and a fourth operational amplifier U4. These components work together to realize the function of performing logarithmic operation on the input signal. First, the second multiplier M2 is used as a core component, and the first input end is used to receive the input signal, and the input signal is processed by the internal multiplication function to generate a corresponding product signal, and the product signal is output through its output end. The value of this product signal is proportional to the logarithmic relationship of the input signal, which is achieved by the circuit design and amplification control inside the multiplier. The twelfth resistor R12 plays the role of adjusting the output signal of the multiplier in the circuit, and it participates in the output end of the multiplier through a fixed resistance value, ensuring that the level and amplitude of the output signal are within a controllable range to meet the needs of the subsequent circuit. The eleventh resistor R11 is connected to a DC voltage source, and its role is to provide a stable DC voltage reference for the entire circuit, which is crucial for the operation of the multiplier and the operational amplifier, and ensures the stability and reliability of the circuit under different input conditions. The fourth operational amplifier U4 is responsible for receiving the regulated signal and further processing and handling the regulated signal through its internal amplification and feedback mechanism. The design of this amplifier should take into account the maintenance and enhancement of the logarithmic characteristics to ensure that the output terminal can generate an output voltage proportional to the logarithm of the input signal.

[0104] The design purpose of the entire logarithmic adjustment circuit is to achieve a logarithmic transformation of the input signal through the synergistic effect of these components. This transformation is to meet the requirements of logarithmic characteristics in the memristor equivalent circuit, so that the circuit can accurately simulate and implement the specific electrical characteristics of the memristor, thereby exerting its memory and response functions in the application.

[0105] In one embodiment, the first voltage output circuit also includes a second subtractor, an integrator, and an inverse adder; the two input ends of the second subtractor are respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the input power supply, the output end of the second subtractor is connected to the input end of the integrator, the output end of the integrator is connected to the input end of the inverse adder, the output end of the inverse adder is connected to the input end of the logarithmic adjustment circuit, and the output end of the logarithmic adjustment circuit serves as the output end of the first voltage output circuit.

[0106] In the embodiment, the first voltage output circuit not only includes a logarithmic adjustment circuit, but also introduces several key components, namely, a second subtractor, an integrator and an inverse adder. The design and function of these components work together to achieve a specific voltage output characteristic. The second subtractor performs a signal subtraction operation, and its input end is connected to the positive and negative poles of the input power supply. By subtracting the two input signals, a subtraction result (that is, a voltage difference) is obtained, and this output signal is then passed to the integrator. The integrator is a circuit component, and its core function is to perform an integration operation on the input signal. Through the integration operation, the changes in the input signal will be accumulated to generate a time-related output signal, and the characteristics of this output signal depend on the time integral value of the input signal. Next, the output signal of the integrator is passed to the inverse adder, which is a specially designed circuit whose function is to perform weighted summation on multiple input signals and generate a weighted sum as its output signal. In this case, the inverse adder receives the signal from the integrator, and the signal that may come from other inputs, and obtains a specific output after adding. Finally, the output signal of the reverse adder is transmitted to the input of the logarithmic adjustment circuit. The task of the logarithmic adjustment circuit is to perform logarithmic operation based on the signal at its input to generate an output voltage that conforms to the logarithmic characteristics. The output voltage with this logarithmic characteristic is the final output voltage of the first voltage output circuit.

[0107] Among them, the reverse adder includes a fourteenth resistor R14, a fifteenth resistor R15, a sixteenth resistor R16, a seventeenth resistor R17 and a fifth operational amplifier U5; the first end of the fourteenth resistor R14 is connected to the output end of the integrator, the second end of the fourteenth resistor R14 is respectively connected to the second end of the fifteenth resistor R15, the first end of the seventeenth resistor R17 and the positive input end of the fifth operational amplifier U5, the first end of the fifteenth resistor R15 is connected to a DC voltage source, the negative input end of the fifth operational amplifier U5 is grounded through the sixteenth resistor R16, and the output end of the fifth operational amplifier U5 is connected to the second end of the seventeenth resistor R17 and serves as the output end of the reverse adder.

[0108] This embodiment uses the electronic components such as the second subtractor, the integrator and the reverse adder to accurately process and convert the voltage signal of the input power supply to meet the requirements for the output voltage characteristics. This design can not only realize complex signal processing functions, but also ensure the stability and reliability of the circuit under different working conditions.

[0109] In one embodiment, the first voltage output circuit also includes a voltage follower; the positive input terminal of the voltage follower is connected to the positive pole of the input power supply, the negative input terminal of the voltage follower is respectively connected to the output terminal of the voltage follower and the first input terminal of the second subtractor, and the second input terminal of the second subtractor is connected to the negative pole of the input power supply.

[0110] In this embodiment, the voltage follower is designed to ensure that its output voltage can quickly and accurately follow the changes of its input voltage without being affected by the load or hindered by the changes of the input signal. The voltage follower is usually composed of an operational amplifier and a feedback network, and its working principle is based on a negative feedback mechanism.

[0111] First, the positive input terminal of the voltage follower is connected to the positive terminal of the input power supply, thereby receiving a stable input voltage. The negative input terminal is connected to the output terminal through a feedback network, which is formed by the configuration of components in the circuit, such as resistors and capacitors. The function of this feedback network is to monitor the output voltage and feed back part of the output signal to the negative input terminal of the operational amplifier to form a closed-loop feedback. When the input voltage changes, the operational amplifier will adjust the output voltage according to the amplification factor of the input difference amplifier to minimize the voltage difference between the input and output as much as possible. This negative feedback mechanism enables the voltage follower to respond quickly to changes in input voltage while providing a stable and reliable output voltage, which is especially important for applications that require high precision and fast response.

[0112] Overall, the addition of the voltage follower in the first voltage output circuit helps to ensure that the subsequent circuit stages can operate stably and can effectively handle changes in the input signal to enhance the performance and stability of the entire system.

[0113] Specifically, Figure 2 The circuit is composed of a voltage follower, a second subtractor, an integrator, an inverting adder, a second multiplier M2, a fifth operational amplifier U4, a multiplier M2, an inverting device, a first subtractor, a first operational amplifier U1, a DC voltage source, etc. Among them, the eighth operational amplifier U8 constitutes a voltage follower; the resistor R21, the resistor R22, the resistor R23, the resistor R24, and the seventh operational amplifier U7 constitute a second subtractor; the resistor R18, the resistor R19, the resistor R20, the capacitor C1, and the sixth operational amplifier U6 constitute an integrator; the second multiplier M2, the resistor R11, the resistor R12, the resistor R13, and the fourth operational amplifier U4 constitute a logarithmic adjustment circuit; the resistor R14, the resistor R15, the resistor R16, the resistor R17, and the fifth operational amplifier U5 constitute a logarithmic adjustment circuit. The fifth resistor R5, the sixth resistor R6 and the second operational amplifier U2 constitute an inverter (i.e., a second voltage output circuit); the seventh resistor R7, the eighth resistor R8, the ninth resistor R9, the tenth resistor R10 and the third operational amplifier U3 constitute a first subtractor, and the first subtractor and the first multiplier M1 constitute an integrated circuit; the second current branch is mainly composed of the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, the fourth resistor R4 and the first operational amplifier U1; the first current branch is mainly composed of the first resistor R1.

[0114] Figure 2 The circuit principle is as follows: The voltage follower has the characteristics of high input impedance and low output impedance. Very little input current enters the operational amplifier, which plays a role in isolating it from the previous stage circuit. Its output voltage v3 = v1. 22 =R 21 , R 23 =R 24 , the output voltage v4 of the second subtractor satisfies v4=v1-v2. Resistor R 20 The purpose is to prevent the integral saturation or cutoff caused by integral drift. At the same time, in order to reduce the integral error, set the resistor R20>>R18, and the output of the integrator meets The output v6 of the reverse adder satisfies The output v7 of the fifth operational amplifier U5 satisfies ,Right now , K is the proportional parameter, V is the output voltage of the DC voltage source. The output v8 of the inverter satisfies , let R5=R6, then v8=-v2, the output voltage v9 of the first subtractor satisfies , let R7=R 8、 R9=R 10 ,but , t is time, is the magnetic flux of the memristor that changes with time. By observing the equivalent circuit model of the memristor, it can be seen that the current flowing through the memristor is equal to the sum of the currents flowing through the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2. When R2=R3, the voltage difference across the third resistor R3 is equal to the voltage difference across the second resistor R2, that is, the current flowing through the second resistor R2 is equal to the current flowing through the third resistor R3, and based on the characteristics of the operational amplifier, it can be seen that the current flowing through the third resistor R3 is equal to the current flowing through the fourth resistor R4. Therefore, the current of the equivalent circuit model of the memristor is , that is , where i is the current of the memristor, is the current value on the jth resistor, j is an integer between 1 and 24. When R1=R4, the current of the memristor model , conductivity , W is the conductance of the memristor.

[0115] By comparing the conductance of the equivalent circuit of the "floating" logarithmic memristor , and theoretical value , we can know that the theoretical value , .

[0116] In summary, the floating logarithmic memristor equivalent circuit meets the three basic characteristics of the memristor, and the model is feasible.

[0117] On the other hand, refer to Figure 3 The present application also provides a method for determining parameters of an equivalent circuit, which is applied to an equivalent circuit of a memristor as described above. The method for determining parameters of an equivalent circuit includes:

[0118] S11: Determine the expressions for the current sum and voltage difference according to the structure of the equivalent circuit; the current sum is the sum of the currents passing through all current branches, and the voltage difference is the difference between the input positive voltage and the input negative voltage.

[0119] In this step, mathematical expressions for the sum of current and the difference in voltage are first established, which describe the relationship between the current and voltage in the circuit. Specifically, according to the structure and connection method of the equivalent circuit, the expression of the current on each current branch can be determined. The sum of current (I_sum) is defined as the sum of the currents passing through all current branches. For example, in a simple equivalent circuit, if there are two current branches connected to the positive and negative poles of the input power supply, the sum of current can be expressed as I1+I2, where I1 and I2 are the currents on the first current branch and the currents on the second current branch, respectively. Secondly, the voltage difference (V_diff) is defined as the difference between the positive and negative voltages of the input power supply. In most cases, the voltage difference (ie, V1-V2) is obtained by subtracting the negative voltage from the positive voltage of the input power supply. Where V1 is the positive voltage of the input power supply, and V2 is the negative voltage of the input power supply.

[0120] The purpose of this step is to ensure that these expressions can accurately reflect the current and voltage relationship in the actual circuit and meet the requirements of the memristor characteristics, that is, the relationship between the current sum and the voltage difference should meet the hysteresis loop characteristics. This characteristic requires that the changes in current and voltage should remain consistent at different frequencies, especially at high frequencies, to ensure the stability and reliability of the system. Therefore, this step is to ensure that the mathematical expressions of the current sum and the voltage difference accurately reflect the behavior of the actual circuit by analyzing and mathematically modeling the circuit structure, thereby providing a basis for the subsequent determination of electronic component parameters.

[0121] S12: Determine the parameters of each electronic component in the equivalent circuit according to the expression, so that the corresponding relationship between the current sum and the voltage difference satisfies the hysteresis loop, and the sidelobe area of ​​the hysteresis loop is negatively correlated with the frequency of the driving signal of the memristor. When the frequency is infinite, the current sum and the voltage difference are in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0122] In this step, the specific parameters of each electronic component in the equivalent circuit are determined to ensure that the correspondence between the current sum value and the voltage difference value meets the requirements of the hysteresis loop. Specifically, the process of this step involves adjusting the parameters of the electronic components, such as resistance, capacitance or gain of the operational amplifier, through experiments or simulations, so that the current sum value and the voltage difference value can maintain a one-to-one correspondence under different drive signal frequencies. In addition, this step also takes into account the negative correlation between the sidelobe area of ​​the hysteresis loop and the drive signal frequency, that is, when the frequency is infinite, the current sum value should have a strict one-to-one correspondence with the voltage difference value to ensure the reliability and stability of the memristor equivalent circuit in practical applications.

[0123] In one embodiment, before determining the parameters of each electronic component in the equivalent circuit according to the expression, it also includes: setting initial parameters for each electronic component in the equivalent circuit; simulating the equivalent circuit according to the initial parameters to obtain a volt-ampere characteristic curve, the volt-ampere characteristic curve characterizing the correspondence between the current value and the voltage difference; determining whether to adjust the initial parameters according to the volt-ampere characteristic curve; if so, adjusting the initial parameters to target parameters according to the volt-ampere characteristic curve; if not, determining the initial parameters as the target parameters.

[0124] In the design of equivalent circuits, determining the parameters of each electronic component is a key process, and the steps are as follows. First, it is necessary to set initial parameters for each electronic component in the equivalent circuit, which can be determined based on theoretical calculations, previous experimental data, or empirical values. Subsequently, the equivalent circuit is simulated using these initial parameters in order to obtain the volt-ampere characteristic curve, that is, the corresponding relationship between the current sum value and the voltage difference value. After obtaining the volt-ampere characteristic curve, further analysis and evaluation are required. First, the initial parameters are evaluated based on the volt-ampere characteristic curve to see whether they can meet the design requirements and the requirements of the hysteresis loop. If the volt-ampere characteristic curve shows that the corresponding relationship between the current sum value and the voltage difference value does not meet the expected hysteresis loop characteristics, the initial parameters need to be adjusted. The adjustment method generally includes gradually optimizing the parameters of the electronic components based on the simulation results so that the volt-ampere characteristic curve can meet the requirements of the target parameters. Once it is determined that the initial parameters need to be adjusted, the initial parameters are adjusted to the target parameters based on the data of the volt-ampere characteristic curve to ensure that the required corresponding relationship between the current sum value and the voltage difference value can be stably achieved in practical applications. On the contrary, if the volt-ampere characteristic curve shows that the initial parameters have met the design requirements, then these initial parameters will be confirmed as the final target parameters and no further adjustment is required. For example, when the volt-ampere characteristic curve obtained by initial parameter simulation is a linear curve, not a hysteresis loop, it cannot clearly characterize the characteristics of the logarithmic memristor. At this time, the initial parameters need to be adjusted. If the volt-ampere characteristic curve becomes a hysteresis loop during the adjustment process, the parameter value corresponding to the hysteresis loop that can clearly represent the relationship between current and voltage changes is selected as the optimal parameter.

[0125] This process ensures the precise determination of the parameters of the electronic components in the equivalent circuit design through continuous simulation and analysis, thus ensuring that the memristor equivalent circuit can work reliably in practical applications and meet specific performance requirements and the characteristics of the hysteresis loop.

[0126] In one embodiment, determining whether to adjust initial parameters according to the volt-ampere characteristic curve includes: judging whether the volt-ampere characteristic curve obtained by simulating the equivalent circuit according to the initial parameters is a hysteresis loop; if the volt-ampere characteristic curve obtained by simulating the equivalent circuit according to the initial parameters is not a hysteresis loop, adjusting the initial parameters multiple times, and simulating the equivalent circuit according to the parameters after each adjustment to obtain an adjusted volt-ampere characteristic curve; determining the parameters of each electronic component in the equivalent circuit according to an expression includes: judging whether there is a hysteresis loop in multiple adjusted volt-ampere characteristic curves; if there is a hysteresis loop in multiple adjusted volt-ampere characteristic curves, determining the optimal parameters of each electronic component according to the parameters corresponding to the hysteresis loop.

[0127] When designing an equivalent circuit of an embodiment, it is a key step to determine whether to adjust the initial parameters according to the volt-ampere characteristic curve. First, the equivalent circuit is simulated by the electronic component parameters initially set to obtain an initial volt-ampere characteristic curve. This volt-ampere characteristic curve is used to reflect the relationship between the current sum value and the voltage difference, and it is expected that this relationship should conform to the hysteresis loop characteristics of the memristor. When the initial volt-ampere characteristic curve obtained by simulation does not conform to the hysteresis loop characteristics, that is, the corresponding relationship between the current sum value and the voltage difference is not nonlinear, and the hysteresis effect is not exhibited when the voltage direction changes. In order to enable the equivalent circuit to better simulate the behavior of the memristor, the initial parameters need to be adjusted multiple times. After each adjustment, the equivalent circuit is simulated again to obtain the adjusted volt-ampere characteristic curve. Subsequently, multiple adjusted volt-ampere characteristic curves are compared to determine whether there is a curve that can show the characteristics of the hysteresis loop. Specifically, the hysteresis loop characteristic is that when the voltage changes, the change in current depends not only on the magnitude of the voltage, but also on the direction and history of the voltage change, showing nonlinear characteristics. Once the volt-ampere characteristic curve that exhibits the hysteresis loop characteristics is found, the optimal parameter settings for each electronic component can be determined based on the parameters corresponding to this curve. These parameters can ensure that the equivalent circuit can accurately simulate the electrical behavior of the memristor, including the characteristics of the hysteresis loop, thereby improving the reliability and predictability of the equivalent circuit in practical applications. This process not only relies on the verification of the theoretical model, but also requires the verification of experimental data to verify the validity of the equivalent circuit.

[0128] In one embodiment, before determining the expression of the current sum value and the voltage difference value according to the structure of the equivalent circuit, it also includes: obtaining the flux charge characteristic expression of the memristor; determining the corresponding relationship between the current and voltage of the memristor according to the flux charge characteristic expression; and setting the equivalent circuit according to the corresponding relationship between the current and voltage of the memristor, so that the corresponding relationship between the current sum value and the voltage difference in the equivalent circuit is the same as the corresponding relationship between the current and voltage of the memristor.

[0129] When designing an equivalent circuit of an embodiment, it is first necessary to obtain the flux charge characteristic expression (i.e., theoretical mathematical expression) of the memristor. The flux charge characteristic of the memristor describes the change of the magnetic flux over time under a given driving signal, which can usually be obtained through experiments or theoretical models. This characteristic expression reflects how the magnetic field changes inside the memristor evolve over time, thereby affecting its current and voltage response. According to the flux charge characteristic expression, the corresponding relationship between the current and voltage inside the memristor can be determined. This corresponding relationship is usually nonlinear, reflecting the hysteresis loop characteristics unique to the memristor, that is, when the voltage changes in the opposite direction, its current response will also be different. This nonlinear relationship is one of the key features of the memristor function. Next, an equivalent circuit is set according to the corresponding relationship between the current and voltage inside the memristor. The design goal of the equivalent circuit is to make the corresponding relationship between the current sum and the voltage difference in the equivalent circuit match the actual current and voltage corresponding relationship of the memristor. This means that the electronic components and structures used in the equivalent circuit should be able to simulate the nonlinear characteristics of the memristor to ensure that the relationship between the current and voltage under different driving signal conditions can accurately reflect the behavior of the memristor.

[0130] Specifically, the general mathematical expression of the flux-charge characteristic of a logarithmic memristor is:

[0131] ; where a and b are adjustment parameters, a>0, b>0, ;

[0132] Then the derivative is: , ; i(t) and u(t) are the current and voltage of the memristor, and the variable is the magnetic flux of the memristor, and q is the charge.

[0133] Assume a=b=1, power supply voltage v=Acos(ωt), and voltage amplitude A=1 to verify whether the model meets the three characteristics. Simulate and get the equivalent circuit model of memristor Curves, such as Figure 4 shown.

[0134] The magnetic flux can be calculated: ;

[0135] Then the current:

[0136] .

[0137] After simulation, the IV volt-ampere characteristic curve of the memristor equivalent circuit is obtained when the initial magnetic flux value is 0, as shown in Figure 5 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that the volt-ampere characteristic curve of the model constitutes a hysteresis loop, and the size of the sidelobe area decreases with the increase of frequency; when the frequency tends to infinity, the volt-ampere characteristic curve degenerates into a single-valued function passing through the origin; therefore, the memristor equivalent circuit model meets the three major characteristics of the memristor.

[0138] Through the above steps, designers can obtain the flux charge characteristic expression of the memristor based on theoretical models or experimental data, and apply this information to the structural design of the equivalent circuit. The equivalent circuit designed in this way can accurately simulate the electrical behavior of the memristor, thus providing a reliable simulation and analysis basis for subsequent engineering applications.

[0139] On the other hand, the present application provides a parameter determination system for an equivalent circuit, which is applied to an equivalent circuit as described above, and the parameter determination system for the equivalent circuit includes: an expression determination unit, which is used to determine the expression of the current sum and the voltage difference according to the structure of the equivalent circuit; the current sum is the sum of the currents passing through all current branches, and the voltage difference is the difference between the input positive voltage and the input negative voltage; the parameter determination unit is used to determine the parameters of each electronic component in the equivalent circuit according to the expression, so that the corresponding relationship between the current sum and the voltage difference satisfies the hysteresis loop, the sidelobe area of ​​the hysteresis loop is negatively correlated with the frequency of the driving signal of the memristor, and when the frequency is infinite, the current sum and the voltage difference are in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0140] In one embodiment, it also includes: an initial parameter setting unit, which is used to set initial parameters for each electronic component in the equivalent circuit; a first simulation unit, which is used to simulate the equivalent circuit according to the initial parameters to obtain a volt-ampere characteristic curve, which represents the corresponding relationship between the current value and the voltage difference; a parameter adjustment unit, which is used to determine whether to adjust the initial parameters according to the volt-ampere characteristic curve; if so, adjust the initial parameters to target parameters according to the volt-ampere characteristic curve; if not, determine the initial parameters as the target parameters.

[0141] In one embodiment, the parameter adjustment unit is specifically used to determine whether the volt-ampere characteristic curve obtained by simulating the equivalent circuit according to the initial parameters is a hysteresis loop; if the volt-ampere characteristic curve obtained by simulating the equivalent circuit according to the initial parameters is not a hysteresis loop, the initial parameters are adjusted multiple times, and the equivalent circuit is simulated according to the parameters after each adjustment to obtain the adjusted volt-ampere characteristic curve; the parameter determination unit is specifically used to determine whether there is a hysteresis loop in multiple adjusted volt-ampere characteristic curves; if there is a hysteresis loop in multiple adjusted volt-ampere characteristic curves, the optimal parameters of each electronic component are determined according to the parameters corresponding to the hysteresis loop.

[0142] In one embodiment, it also includes: an acquisition unit for acquiring a flux charge characteristic expression of a memristor; a standard correspondence determination unit for determining the correspondence between the current and voltage of the memristor based on the flux charge characteristic expression; and a circuit setting unit for setting an equivalent circuit based on the correspondence between the current and voltage of the memristor, so that the correspondence between the current sum and the voltage difference in the equivalent circuit is the same as the correspondence between the current and voltage of the memristor.

[0143] For further introduction to the parameter determination system of the equivalent circuit, please refer to the above embodiments, and this application will not go into details here.

[0144] On the other hand, the present application provides a device for determining parameters of an equivalent circuit, comprising: a memory for storing a computer program; a processor for implementing the steps of the method for determining parameters of an equivalent circuit as described above when executing the computer program. For other introductions to the device for determining parameters of an equivalent circuit, please refer to the above embodiments, and the present application will not elaborate on them here.

[0145] On the other hand, the present application provides a computer program product, including a computer program / instruction, which implements the steps of the above-mentioned method for determining parameters of an equivalent circuit when the computer program / instruction is executed by a processor. For other introductions to the computer program product, please refer to the above-mentioned embodiments, and the present application will not repeat them here.

[0146] On the other hand, the present application provides a non-volatile storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for determining parameters of an equivalent circuit as described above are implemented. For other introductions to the non-volatile storage medium, please refer to the above embodiments, and the present application will not repeat them here.

[0147] It should also be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises", "comprising" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the statement "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0148] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An equivalent circuit of a memristor, characterized in that: include: A plurality of current branches, each of which has two ends connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the input power supply respectively; An adjustment circuit, connected to the positive electrode and / or the negative electrode of the input power source, and at least one of the current branches respectively; The number of the current branches is 2, and the first current branch includes a first resistor, two ends of the first resistor are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the input power supply, and the adjustment circuit is respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the input power supply and the second current branch; The second current branch comprises: A second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, and a first operational amplifier; The first end of the second resistor is respectively connected to the positive electrode of the input power supply and the positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier, the second end of the second resistor is respectively connected to the second end of the third resistor and the output terminal of the first operational amplifier, the first end of the third resistor is respectively connected to the second end of the fourth resistor and the negative input terminal of the first operational amplifier, and the first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the output terminal of the adjustment circuit; The adjustment circuit is used to adjust the voltage of the first end of the fourth resistor according to the positive voltage and the negative voltage of the input power supply to adjust the second current on the second resistor, so that the corresponding relationship between the current sum value and the voltage difference value of the first current on the first resistor and the second current on the second resistor satisfies the hysteresis loop, the side lobe area of ​​the hysteresis loop is negatively correlated with the frequency of the driving signal of the memristor, and when the frequency is infinite, the current sum value and the voltage difference are in a one-to-one correspondence relationship; The current sum is the sum of the currents on all the current branches, and the voltage difference is the difference between the positive electrode voltage and the negative electrode voltage.

2. The equivalent circuit of the memristor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment circuit comprises: A first voltage output circuit, whose input terminals are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the input power supply, and is used to output a first voltage according to the positive electrode voltage and the negative electrode voltage; A second voltage output circuit, the input end of which is connected to the negative electrode of the input power supply, and is used to output a second voltage according to the negative electrode voltage; An integration circuit is connected to the output end of the first voltage output circuit and the output end of the second voltage output circuit, and is used to integrate the first voltage and the second voltage to obtain a target voltage, where the target voltage is the voltage of the first end of the fourth resistor.

3. The equivalent circuit of the memristor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second voltage output circuit comprises: a second operational amplifier, a fifth resistor, and a sixth resistor; The first end of the fifth resistor is connected to the negative electrode of the input power supply, the second end of the fifth resistor is respectively connected to the negative input terminal of the second operational amplifier and the first end of the sixth resistor, the second end of the sixth resistor is respectively connected to the output terminal of the integration circuit and the second operational amplifier, and the positive input terminal of the second operational amplifier is grounded.

4. The equivalent circuit of the memristor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The integrated circuit includes a first multiplier and a first subtractor; The input end of the first multiplier is connected to the output end of the first voltage output circuit, the output end of the first multiplier is connected to the positive input end of the first subtractor, the negative input end of the first subtractor is connected to the output end of the second voltage output circuit, and the output end of the first subtractor is connected to the first end of the fourth resistor.

5. The equivalent circuit of the memristor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first subtractor comprises: a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, and a third operational amplifier; The first end of the seventh resistor is connected to the output end of the first multiplier, the second end of the seventh resistor is respectively connected to the first end of the eighth resistor and the positive input end of the third operational amplifier, the second end of the eighth resistor is grounded, the negative input end of the third operational amplifier is respectively connected to the first end of the ninth resistor and the first end of the tenth resistor, the second end of the ninth resistor is connected to the output end of the second voltage output circuit, and the second end of the tenth resistor is respectively connected to the output end of the third operational amplifier and the first end of the fourth resistor.

6. The equivalent circuit of the memristor according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The first voltage output circuit at least includes a logarithmic adjustment circuit; The logarithmic adjustment circuit is used to perform logarithmic operation according to the voltage at its own input end to obtain a logarithmic operation output voltage.

7. The equivalent circuit of the memristor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The logarithmic adjustment circuit comprises: a second multiplier, an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor, and a fourth operational amplifier; The first input end of the second multiplier serves as the input end of the logarithmic adjustment circuit, the output end of the second multiplier is connected to the first end of the twelfth resistor, the second end of the twelfth resistor is respectively connected to the second end of the eleventh resistor and the positive input end of the fourth operational amplifier, the first end of the eleventh resistor is connected to a DC voltage source, the negative input end of the fourth operational amplifier is grounded through the thirteenth resistor, and the output end of the fourth operational amplifier is respectively connected to the integration circuit and the second input end of the second multiplier.

8. The equivalent circuit of the memristor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first voltage output circuit also includes a second subtractor, an integrator, and an inverse adder; The two input ends of the second subtractor are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the input power supply, the output end of the second subtractor is connected to the input end of the integrator, the output end of the integrator is connected to the input end of the inverting adder, the output end of the inverting adder is connected to the input end of the logarithmic adjustment circuit, and the output end of the logarithmic adjustment circuit serves as the output end of the first voltage output circuit.

9. The equivalent circuit of the memristor according to claim 8, characterized in that: The reverse adder includes a fourteenth resistor, a fifteenth resistor, a sixteenth resistor, a seventeenth resistor and a fifth operational amplifier; The first end of the fourteenth resistor is connected to the output end of the integrator, the second end of the fourteenth resistor is respectively connected to the second end of the fifteenth resistor, the first end of the seventeenth resistor and the positive input end of the fifth operational amplifier, the first end of the fifteenth resistor is connected to a DC voltage source, the negative input end of the fifth operational amplifier is grounded through the sixteenth resistor, and the output end of the fifth operational amplifier is connected to the second end of the seventeenth resistor and serves as the output end of the inverse adder.

10. The equivalent circuit of the memristor according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first voltage output circuit also includes a voltage follower; The positive input terminal of the voltage follower is connected to the positive electrode of the input power supply, the negative input terminal of the voltage follower is respectively connected to the output terminal of the voltage follower and the first input terminal of the second subtractor, and the second input terminal of the second subtractor is connected to the negative electrode of the input power supply.

11. A method for determining parameters of an equivalent circuit, characterized in that: An equivalent circuit applied to a memristor according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein a method for determining parameters of the equivalent circuit comprises: Determine the expressions of the current sum value and the voltage difference value according to the structure of the equivalent circuit; the current sum value is the sum of the currents passing through all current branches, and the voltage difference value is the difference between the input positive electrode voltage and the input negative electrode voltage; The parameters of each electronic component in the equivalent circuit are determined according to the expression so that the corresponding relationship between the current sum value and the voltage difference satisfies the hysteresis loop, the sidelobe area of ​​the hysteresis loop is negatively correlated with the frequency of the driving signal of the memristor, and when the frequency is infinite, the current sum value and the voltage difference are in a one-to-one correspondence.

12. The method for determining parameters of an equivalent circuit according to claim 11, characterized in that: Before determining the parameters of each electronic component in the equivalent circuit according to the expression, it also includes: Setting initial parameters for each of the electronic components in the equivalent circuit; Simulating the equivalent circuit according to the initial parameters to obtain a volt-ampere characteristic curve, wherein the volt-ampere characteristic curve represents a corresponding relationship between the current sum and the voltage difference; Determining whether to adjust the initial parameters according to the volt-ampere characteristic curve; If yes, adjusting the initial parameters to target parameters according to the volt-ampere characteristic curve; If not, the initial parameter is determined as the target parameter.

13. The method for determining parameters of an equivalent circuit according to claim 12, characterized in that: Determining whether to adjust the initial parameters according to the volt-ampere characteristic curve includes: Determining whether a volt-ampere characteristic curve obtained by simulating the equivalent circuit according to the initial parameters is a hysteresis loop; If the volt-ampere characteristic curve obtained by simulating the equivalent circuit according to the initial parameters is not the hysteresis loop, adjusting the initial parameters multiple times, and simulating the equivalent circuit according to the parameters adjusted each time to obtain an adjusted volt-ampere characteristic curve; According to the expression, the parameters of each electronic component in the equivalent circuit are determined, including: determining whether there is a hysteresis loop in a plurality of adjusted volt-ampere characteristic curves; If a hysteresis loop exists in the plurality of adjusted volt-ampere characteristic curves, the optimal parameters of each electronic component are determined according to the parameters corresponding to the hysteresis loop.

14. The method for determining parameters of an equivalent circuit according to claim 11, characterized in that: Before determining the expressions for the current sum and voltage difference according to the structure of the equivalent circuit, it also includes: Obtain the flux-charge characteristic expression of the memristor; Determining the corresponding relationship between the current and the voltage of the memristor according to the flux charge characteristic expression; The equivalent circuit is set according to the corresponding relationship between the current and the voltage of the memristor, so that the corresponding relationship between the current sum value and the voltage difference in the equivalent circuit is the same as the corresponding relationship between the current and the voltage of the memristor.

15. A system for determining parameters of an equivalent circuit, characterized in that: An equivalent circuit applied to a memristor according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein a parameter determination system of the equivalent circuit comprises: An expression determination unit, used to determine the expressions of the current sum value and the voltage difference value according to the structure of the equivalent circuit; the current sum value is the sum of the currents passing through all current branches, and the voltage difference value is the difference between the input positive electrode voltage and the input negative electrode voltage; A parameter determination unit is used to determine the parameters of each electronic component in the equivalent circuit according to the expression, so that the corresponding relationship between the current sum value and the voltage difference satisfies the hysteresis loop, the sidelobe area of ​​the hysteresis loop is negatively correlated with the frequency of the driving signal of the memristor, and when the frequency is infinite, the current sum value and the voltage difference are in a one-to-one correspondence.

16. A device for determining parameters of an equivalent circuit, characterized in that: include: Memory for storing computer programs; A processor, used to implement the steps of the method for determining parameters of an equivalent circuit as described in any one of claims 11 to 14 when executing a computer program.

17. A computer program product comprising a computer program / instructions, characterized in that When the computer program / instruction is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for determining parameters of an equivalent circuit described in any one of claims 11 to 14 are implemented.

18. A non-volatile storage medium, characterized in that: The non-volatile storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for determining parameters of an equivalent circuit as described in any one of claims 11 to 14 are implemented.

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