Silicon block multi-stage crushing device and crushing method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multi-stage crushing device and crushing method for silicon blocks, which mainly relates to the field of silicon block crushing. It includes a crushing box, which is provided with a feed port and a discharge port, a primary crushing roller and a primary motor are provided below the feed port, a discharge end is provided at the bottom of the primary crushing part, and a secondary crushing roller and a secondary motor are symmetrically provided below the discharge end, and the spacing between the two secondary crushing rollers gradually decreases from top to bottom, and a feed end and an inclined screen plate are provided at the top of the secondary crushing part, and the screen plate is located below the discharge end of the upper secondary crushing part, and the bottom end of the screen plate in the inclined direction is rotatably connected to a baffle for controlling the opening and closing of the feed end, and the feed end is located on the rotation path of the baffle. The beneficial effects of the present invention are: it can solve the technical problems of low crushing efficiency and high energy consumption in the existing silicon block crushing device, avoid the useless crushing of silicon blocks in a cycle, reduce the idling phenomenon, and reduce the overall energy consumption and cost of the crushing process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of silicon block crushing, in particular to a silicon block multi-stage crushing device and a crushing method. Background Art

[0002] Silicon has great application value in the fields of electronics, aerospace, construction, and medical treatment. Existing silicon blocks need to be crushed into smaller silicon materials before they can be processed and applied later. Existing structures for crushing silicon blocks are mostly double-roll crushing devices. However, in actual use, it is found that the current double-roll crushing devices require a long period of cyclic crushing or the use of crushing devices of various sizes in combination to achieve complete crushing of silicon blocks. The crushing effect during cyclic crushing is not good, resulting in a long overall crushing time and low crushing efficiency. When crushing devices of various sizes are used in combination, there is a problem of insufficient equipment utilization, which causes most crushing devices to run idle, greatly increasing the overall energy consumption and increasing the cost of crushing operations. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-stage silicon block crushing device and a crushing method, which can solve the technical problems of low crushing efficiency and high energy consumption in the existing silicon block crushing device, avoid the useless repeated crushing of silicon blocks, and make the silicon blocks automatically reach the specified particle size quickly after multiple crushings, greatly improve the crushing efficiency, reduce idling phenomenon, and reduce the overall energy consumption and cost of the crushing process.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A multi-stage crushing device for silicon blocks, comprising a crushing box, wherein the upper and lower ends of the crushing box are respectively provided with a feed port and a discharge port, a primary crushing part is provided below the feed port, the primary crushing part comprises symmetrically arranged primary crushing rollers and a primary motor for driving the primary crushing rollers to rotate, a discharge end is provided at the bottom of the primary crushing part, a plurality of secondary crushing parts are symmetrically provided below the discharge end, and the plurality of secondary crushing parts on the same side are arranged in an array from top to bottom, the secondary crushing part comprises symmetrically arranged secondary crushing rollers and a secondary motor for driving the secondary crushing rollers to rotate, the spacing between the two secondary crushing rollers gradually decreases from top to bottom, and a feed end and an inclined screen plate are provided at the top of the secondary crushing part , a discharge end is also provided at the bottom of the secondary crushing part, the screen plate is located below the discharge end of the upper secondary crushing part, the bottom end of the screen plate in the inclined direction is rotatably connected to a baffle for controlling the opening and closing of the feed end, the feed end is located on the rotation path of the baffle, a partition plate is provided below the screen plate, the bottom of the baffle is rotatably connected to a connecting rod, a sliding rod is vertically slidably connected to the partition plate, a compression spring is provided between the sliding rod and the partition plate, the end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the sliding rod, a contact sensor and a holding assembly used in conjunction with the baffle are provided at the feed end, the contact sensor is electrically connected to the secondary motor, and the holding assembly is used to fix the baffle when the feed end is opened.

[0006] Furthermore, the retaining component is an electromagnet, and the electromagnet is magnetically attracted to the baffle.

[0007] Furthermore, a baffle column and an arc-shaped guide plate are provided above the secondary crushing roller, the end of the baffle plate is in sliding contact with the arc-shaped guide plate, and the feed end is arranged between the baffle column and the bottom end of the guide plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the contact sensor and the retaining assembly are both arranged on the stop column.

[0009] Furthermore, a support rod extending to below the sieve plate is provided at the bottom of the slide rod, and an elastic ball is provided at the top of the support rod, and the elastic ball is in contact with the bottom of the sieve plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the longitudinal section of the support rod is L-shaped, the elastic ball is arranged at the top of the L-shaped vertical part, and the L-shaped transverse part passes through the bottom of the partition plate and is connected to the sliding rod.

[0011] Furthermore, a plurality of impact rods are slidably connected to the side wall of the crushing box, a tension spring is provided between the impact rod and the side wall of the crushing box, and the impact rod is in contact with the top of the baffle.

[0012] Furthermore, the partition plate is provided with a plurality of guide rings, the slide bar is slidably connected inside the guide rings, the slide bar is provided with a protrusion, and the compression spring is arranged between the protrusion and the guide rings.

[0013] Furthermore, a baffle is provided at the bottom end of the screen plate in the inclined direction.

[0014] A crushing method of a silicon block multi-stage crushing device comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1. Pour the silicon blocks to be crushed into the crushing box from the feed port. The silicon blocks enter the primary crushing part. The two primary crushing rollers rotate to crush the silicon blocks into small particles of silicon materials. The crushed silicon materials pass through the discharge end at the bottom of the primary crushing part and enter the sieve plate of the secondary crushing part. Silicon materials of qualified size pass through the sieve plate and are discharged from the discharge port. Silicon materials of larger size fall along the inclined sieve plate onto the baffle plate on one side.

[0016] S2, the baffle is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the screen plate in the inclined direction, the bottom of the baffle is rotatably connected with a connecting rod, a sliding rod is vertically slidably arranged on the partition plate below the screen plate, a compression spring is arranged between the sliding rod and the partition plate, under the action of the compression spring, the baffle is located above the feed end to close the feed end, so that the silicon materials with larger size that fall cannot directly pass through the feed end into the secondary crushing part but gather on the baffle;

[0017] S3. As the larger silicon materials gradually gather, the baffle is pressed downward by gravity to rotate, and the compression spring is compressed by the connecting structure of the connecting rod and the sliding rod. When the baffle rotates to the feeding end, it is fixed by the holding assembly. The sum of the pressure of the larger silicon materials on the baffle and the fixing force of the holding assembly on the baffle is greater than the reverse elastic force of the compression spring, so that the feeding end remains in an open state. At the same time, the baffle contacts the contact sensor at the feeding end, so that the secondary motor electrically connected to the contact sensor starts, driving the two secondary crushing rollers to rotate. The larger silicon materials on the baffle pass through the feeding end and enter between the two secondary crushing rollers. The distance between the two secondary crushing rollers becomes smaller, so the larger silicon materials can be crushed into smaller silicon materials.

[0018] S4. As the number of large silicon materials on the baffle gradually decreases, the pressure on the baffle gradually decreases, and the retaining component cannot overcome the reverse elastic force of the compression spring on the baffle, causing the baffle to reversely rotate and reset after disengaging from the contact sensor. While closing the feed end, the secondary motor is also turned off after losing the electrical signal of the contact sensor, so that the secondary crushing roller will rotate and crush only when enough silicon materials are gathered on the baffle, thereby improving the utilization rate of the secondary crushing roller, avoiding the energy loss caused by its long-term idling, and greatly reducing the overall energy consumption of multiple secondary crushing rollers;

[0019] S5. After the silicon material is crushed by the upper secondary crushing part, if the size is qualified, it will pass through the sieve plate on the lower secondary crushing part and be discharged from the discharge port. If the size is unqualified, it will roll along the inclined sieve plate on the lower secondary crushing part to the baffle plate, and will be further crushed after repeating steps S2-S4 until it is crushed into silicon material of qualified size and discharged from the discharge port. There is no need to control the number of times the silicon block is crushed, so that the silicon block can automatically become silicon material of qualified size quickly after being crushed a sufficient number of times.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. The present invention sets a primary crushing part in the crushing box to realize the primary crushing of silicon blocks. A plurality of secondary crushing parts are symmetrically arranged below the primary crushing part. The plurality of secondary crushing parts on the same side are arranged in an array from top to bottom, and the distance between two secondary crushing rollers in the plurality of secondary crushing parts gradually decreases from top to bottom, so that the silicon materials with unqualified sizes after being crushed by the current crushing device automatically enter the crushing device with higher crushing accuracy below for crushing treatment, avoiding the cyclic useless crushing of silicon blocks by a single crushing device, greatly reducing the time of repeated crushing, so that the silicon blocks can quickly reach the specified particle size after being crushed multiple times, and greatly improving the efficiency of silicon block crushing;

[0022] 2. If the size of the crushed silicon material is qualified, it will pass through the inclined screen plate and be discharged from the discharge port. The silicon material that does not meet the size will roll down along the inclined screen plate to the baffle on one side. The baffle is supported by the compression spring under the connection of the bottom connecting rod and the sliding rod and is at a high position, so that it is located above the feed end and closes the feed end, so that the larger silicon material gradually gathers on the baffle. Only when the unqualified silicon material gathers to a certain weight can it overcome the reverse elastic force of the compression spring and drive the baffle to rotate. When the baffle rotates downward to the feed end, the feed end is opened. The baffle contacts the contact sensor at the feed end, so that it generates an electrical signal and transmits it to the secondary motor. The secondary motor drives the two secondary crushing rollers to rotate. The larger silicon material gathered on the baffle enters between the two secondary crushing rollers for crushing operation, so that the secondary crushing roller here is only started to crush when the number of unqualified silicon materials is large enough, which greatly improves the utilization rate of multiple secondary crushing rollers, avoids the situation that multiple crushing equipment runs idle, greatly reduces the overall energy consumption of the crushing device, and reduces the cost of crushing processing;

[0023] 3. A holding component is provided at the feed end to fix the baffle when the feed end is opened. The fixing force of the baffle plus the weight of the silicon material can overcome the reverse elastic force of the compression spring, so that the silicon material on the baffle can continue to pass through the feed end and fall between the two secondary crushing rollers for crushing operation, thereby improving the continuity of crushing while ensuring the utilization rate of the crushing device. Only when the amount of silicon material is small and the sum of the gravity of the silicon material and the fixing force of the holding component on the baffle can no longer overcome the reverse elastic force of the compression spring on the baffle, the baffle is separated from the holding component and rotated upward to reset. The feed end is closed, and the baffle is separated from the contact sensor. The secondary motor that loses the electrical signal no longer drives the two secondary crushing rollers to rotate, causing the crushing to stop, making the opening and closing control of the feed end more accurate and convenient, ensuring the crushing effect and continuity of the silicon blocks, and greatly reducing the overall energy consumption of the equipment. The silicon blocks automatically reach the qualified size after multiple crushings. There is no need to control the number of crushing times of the silicon blocks. Only the size of the screen plate needs to be controlled to obtain silicon materials of different sizes, which greatly improves the accuracy of silicon material size control and the convenience of crushing operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Attached Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0025] Attached Figure 2 It is a right side view of the present invention.

[0026] Attached Figure 3 This invention is attached Figure 2 Cross-sectional view along the AA direction.

[0027] Attached Figure 4 This invention is attached Figure 3 Cross-sectional view along the BB direction.

[0028] Attached Figure 5 This invention is attached Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of area C in the middle.

[0029] Numbers shown in the accompanying drawings:

[0030] 1. Crushing box; 2. Feed inlet; 3. Discharge outlet; 4. Primary crushing part; 5. Primary crushing roller; 6. Primary motor; 7. Discharge end; 8. Secondary crushing part; 9. Secondary crushing roller; 10. Secondary motor; 11. Feed end; 12. Screen plate; 13. Baffle; 14. Partition plate; 15. Connecting rod; 16. Sliding rod; 17. Compression spring; 18. Contact sensor; 19. Electromagnet; 20. Blocking column; 21. Guide plate; 22. Support rod; 23. Elastic ball; 24. Impact rod; 25. Tension spring; 26. Guide ring; 27. Bump; 28. Baffle bar. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms fall within the scope limited by the application equally.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention discloses a multi-stage crushing device and a crushing method for silicon blocks. The main structure of the crushing device includes a crushing box 1. The crushing box 1 is a box structure with a hollow interior and is generally made of metal to ensure sufficient structural strength. A feed port 2 and a discharge port 3 are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the crushing box 1. Silicon blocks to be crushed enter the crushing box 1 from the feed port 2, and silicon materials with qualified sizes after crushing are discharged from the discharge port 3. A primary crushing part 4 is provided below the feed port 2. The primary crushing part 4 is a primary crushing area formed by wrapping an outer shell. The primary crushing part 4 includes symmetrically arranged primary crushing rollers 5 and a primary motor 6 that drives the primary crushing rollers 5 to rotate. Crushing teeth are provided on the two primary crushing rollers 5, and the two are connected by a shaft. The bearing is rotatably connected to the inside of the outer shell, and the primary motor 6 drives the two primary crushing rollers 5 to rotate relatively under the meshing of the rotating shaft and the gear. The silicon block enters the area between the two primary crushing rollers 5 or between the primary crushing roller 5 and the inner wall of the outer shell to realize the primary crushing operation of the silicon block. The bottom of the primary crushing part 4 is provided with a discharge end 7, and the silicon material after primary crushing falls downward through the discharge end 7. A plurality of secondary crushing parts 8 are symmetrically provided below the discharge end 7. The secondary crushing part 8 is also a secondary crushing area formed by wrapping the outer shell. The plurality of secondary crushing parts 8 on the same side are arranged in an array from top to bottom, that is, the silicon material after crushing by the upper secondary crushing part 8 falls into the lower secondary crushing part 8 for continued crushing processing, refer to Figure 5 The secondary crushing part 8 includes symmetrically arranged secondary crushing rollers 9 and a secondary motor 10 for driving the secondary crushing rollers 9 to rotate. The secondary motor 10 drives the two secondary crushing rollers 9 to rotate relative to each other under the meshing of the rotating shaft and the gear. The distance between the two secondary crushing rollers 9 gradually decreases from top to bottom, so that the silicon material with a larger size falling from the top enters between the two secondary crushing rollers 9 with a smaller distance for further crushing, so that the silicon material is quickly crushed into particles of smaller size, avoiding repeated invalid crushing of the silicon material by the same size crushing device, greatly reducing the time required for crushing the silicon block into a specified size, and improving the efficiency of silicon block crushing;

[0033] A feed end 11 and an inclined sieve plate 12 are provided at the top of the secondary crushing part 8. The feed end 11 is the feed position of the secondary crushing part 8 wrapped by the outer shell. The sieve plate 12 is provided with sieve holes for filtering the silicon material falling from the top. Silicon material of qualified size passes through the inclined sieve plate 12 and is directly discharged from the discharge port 3 to avoid being crushed again. Silicon material of unqualified size rolls down along the inclined direction of the sieve plate 12. A discharge end 7 is also provided at the bottom of the secondary crushing part 8. The discharge end 7 is the discharge position of the secondary crushing part 8 wrapped by the outer shell. The silicon material crushed by the secondary crushing roller 9 passes through the discharge end 7 and falls downward. The sieve plate 12 is located below the discharge end 7 of the upper secondary crushing part 8. The sieve plate 12 on the secondary crushing part 8 at the top is located at the initial The bottom end of the sieve plate 12 in the inclined direction is rotatably connected with a baffle 13 for controlling the opening and closing of the feed end 11 through a bearing or a hinge. Such a structure enables the silicon materials with unqualified sizes to roll onto the baffle 13 along the inclined sieve plate 12. The feed end 11 is located on the rotation path of the baffle 13. Specifically, the feed end 11 is located below the baffle 13. When the baffle 13 rotates downward, it will pass through the feed end 11. A partition plate 14 is provided below the sieve plate 12. The partition plate 14 is fixed in the crushing box 1 by welding or bolts, and is used to sort the qualified silicon materials that fall after screening. The silicon materials of qualified size are separated to prevent them from entering the secondary crushing part 8 below for repeated crushing, so that the silicon materials of qualified size are discharged smoothly from the discharge port 3. The bottom of the baffle 13 is rotatably connected with a connecting rod 15 through a pin shaft or a hinge. The partition plate 14 is vertically slidably connected with a sliding rod 16. A compression spring 17 is provided between the sliding rod 16 and the partition plate 14. The end of the connecting rod 15 is rotatably connected with the sliding rod 16 through a pin shaft or a hinge. Such a structure keeps the baffle 13 at a position above the feed end 11 under the elastic force of the compression spring 17 and the cooperation of the connecting rod 15 and the sliding rod 16, so that the silicon materials of unqualified size gathered on the baffle 13 cannot directly pass through the feed end 11 into the secondary crushing part 8, so that the silicon materials of unqualified size The silicon materials gradually gather on the baffle 13. When the amount of silicon materials on the baffle 13 is large enough, its own gravity gradually increases, which drives the baffle 13 to rotate downward. When the baffle 13 rotates to the feed end 11, the feed end 11 is exposed, so that the silicon materials with unqualified sizes on the baffle 13 can pass through the feed end 11 and enter between the two secondary crushing rollers 9, so that the opening and closing of the feed end 11 is controlled by the amount of silicon materials on the baffle 13. A contact sensor 18 and a holding component used in conjunction with the baffle 13 are provided at the feed end 11. The contact sensor 18 is electrically connected to the secondary motor 10. The contact sensor 18 is generally composed of a metal probe that moves up and down. When an object contacts it, the metal probe is driven to descend, thereby causing the circuit to change and generate an electrical signal.When the generated electrical signal is transmitted to the secondary motor 10, the secondary motor 10 drives the two secondary crushing rollers 9 to rotate. Such a structure enables the baffle 13 to rotate downward to the position of the feed end 11 to open the feed end 11, and then the two secondary crushing rollers 9 rotate relatively to perform the crushing operation. When the generated unqualified silicon materials are small or the unqualified silicon materials are of qualified size after multiple stages of crushing, the corresponding secondary crushing rollers 9 or the secondary crushing rollers 9 below are kept in a stopped state, thereby effectively avoiding the situation where multiple crushing equipments run idle and improving the utilization of the crushing equipments. The holding component is used to fix the baffle 13 when the feed end 11 is opened. The holding component can fix the baffle 13 by magnetic suction or vacuum suction. When the baffle 13 rotates to the feed end 11, the holding component fixes the baffle 13, so that the sum of the fixing force and the pressure of the silicon material on the baffle 13 is greater than the reverse force of the compression spring 17 on the baffle 13, so that the baffle 13 keeps the feed end 11 open, so that the silicon material with unqualified size on the baffle 13 can be kept The silicon blocks are continuously crushed through the feed end 11 into the secondary crushing part 8 to be crushed, so as to avoid the situation that the feed end 11 is closed when the amount of silicon materials is slightly reduced, thereby ensuring the continuity of silicon block crushing. Only when the amount of silicon materials with unqualified size remaining on the baffle 13 is close to the set smaller value, the sum of the fixing force of the component on the baffle 13 and the gravity of the silicon materials is less than the reverse force of the compression spring 17 on the baffle 13, the baffle 13 is separated from the feed end 11 and rotated upward to reset, closing the feed end 11, and at the same time the baffle 13 is separated from the contact sensor 18, so that the secondary The motor 10 no longer drives the two secondary crushing rollers 9 to rotate, and the secondary crushing part 8 here is stopped to avoid idling of the equipment, making the crushing of silicon blocks more accurate and efficient. This setting allows the silicon materials to automatically pass through multiple secondary crushing rollers 9 from top to bottom and reach qualified sizes. There is no need to control the number of crushing times. Only the sieve plate 12 of the corresponding size needs to be replaced to obtain silicon materials of the specified size. The crushing speed of silicon blocks is faster and the energy consumption is lower, which greatly improves the efficiency of silicon block crushing and reduces the cost of crushing processing.

[0034] Preferably, the holding component is an electromagnet 19, and the electromagnet 19 is magnetically attracted to the baffle 13. With such a structure, when the baffle 13 is close to the feed end 11 and the feed end 11 is not fully opened, the electromagnet 19 can use the suction force to timely attract the baffle 13, so that the baffle 13 quickly rotates downward to fully open the feed end 11, and the suction force of the electromagnet 19 can be adjusted by controlling the magnitude of the current passing through. With such a structure, the suction force of the holding component on the baffle 13 can be adjusted according to actual use requirements, and indirectly the weight of the remaining unqualified silicon material on the baffle 13 can be adaptively adjusted, thereby adjusting the accuracy of the opening and closing control of the feed end 11, meeting the crushing amount requirements of the secondary crushing roller 9 at different positions, further improving the utilization rate of the secondary crushing roller 9, and ensuring the best crushing effect.

[0035] Preferably, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 A baffle column 20 and an arc-shaped guide plate 21 are provided above the secondary crushing roller 9. The baffle column 20 and the arc-shaped guide plate 21 are fixed in the crushing box 1 by welding or bolts. The end of the baffle 13 is in sliding contact with the arc-shaped guide plate 21. The feed end 11 is arranged between the baffle column 20 and the bottom end of the guide plate 21. Such a structure uses the arc-shaped guide plate 21 to guide the rotation of the end of the baffle 13 and to block the silicon materials of unqualified size gathered on the baffle 13, so that the silicon materials remain on the baffle 13. At the same time, the feed end 11 is located between the bottom end of the guide plate 21 and the baffle column 20, so that when the baffle 13 rotates to the bottom along the guide plate 21, the silicon materials can smoothly pass through the feed end 11 along the inclined baffle 13 and the arc-shaped guide plate 21 into the secondary crushing part 8, so that the feeding of silicon materials is smoother and continuous.

[0036] Preferably, the contact sensor 18 and the retaining assembly are both arranged on the baffle column 20. With such a structure, when the baffle 13 rotates to the feed end 11, the retaining assembly can firmly fix the baffle 13 on the baffle column 20, so that the position of the baffle 13 is more stable, which effectively ensures the stable open state at the feed end 11. At the same time, the baffle 13 can maintain a stable contact state with the contact sensor 18 on the baffle column 20, further ensuring the smoothness of the crushing operation and the feeding.

[0037] Preferably, a support rod 22 extending to the bottom of the sieve plate 12 is welded or integrally formed at the bottom of the slide rod 16, and an elastic ball 23 is bonded or bolted to the top of the support rod 22, and the elastic ball 23 is in contact with the bottom of the sieve plate 12. In this structure, when the amount of unqualified silicon materials on the baffle 13 is reduced, causing the baffle 13 to separate from the feed end 11 and rotate to reset, the slide rod 16 drives the elastic ball 23 to move upward under the connection of the support rod 22 until it contacts the bottom of the sieve plate 12, thereby realizing the knocking and cleaning operation of the sieve plate 12, thereby preventing the silicon materials from clogging the sieve plate 12, thereby realizing continuous screening of unqualified silicon materials by the sieve plate 12 and ensuring the continuity of the entire crushing process.

[0038] Preferably, the longitudinal section of the support rod 22 is L-shaped, the elastic ball 23 is arranged at the top of the L-shaped vertical part, and the L-shaped horizontal part passes through the bottom of the partition plate 14 and then is connected to the slide rod 16. Such a structure allows the support rod 22 to pass through the bottom of the partition plate 14 and then be connected to the elastic ball 23, so that there is no need to penetrate the partition plate 14, thereby ensuring the partition plate 14's separation effect on silicon materials of qualified size and silicon materials of unqualified size, preventing silicon materials of unqualified size from being discharged from the discharge port 3, and further ensuring the accuracy of the crushed size of the silicon blocks.

[0039] Preferably, a plurality of impact rods 24 are slidably connected to the side wall of the crushing box 1. Preferably, the impact rod 24 penetrates the side wall of the crushing box 1 and extends to the inside of the crushing box 1. A tension spring 25 is provided between the impact rod 24 and the side wall of the crushing box 1. Specifically, a plug is provided at the end of the impact rod 24 outside the crushing box 1, and the tension spring 25 is located between the plug and the side wall of the crushing box 1. The impact rod 24 contacts the top of the baffle 13. The impact rod 24 is provided to contact the baffle 13 when the baffle 13 rotates upward to reset, thereby buffering the rotation and reset process of the baffle 13, so that the baffle 13 is reset after multiple up and down reciprocating rotations, and then the elastic ball 23 connected to the support rod 22 knocks the screen plate 12 multiple times, thereby improving the knocking and cleaning effect of the screen plate 12, and further avoiding the possible blockage of the screen plate 12.

[0040] Preferably, a plurality of guide rings 26 are welded or bolted on the partition plate 14, and the slide bar 16 is slidably connected to the inside of the guide ring 26. The arrangement of the plurality of guide rings 26 makes the vertical sliding structure of the slide bar 16 more stable and smooth. A protrusion 27 is welded or integrally formed and fixed on the slide bar 16, and the compression spring 17 is arranged between the protrusion 27 and the guide ring 26. Such an arrangement enables the compression spring 17 between the protrusion 27 and the guide ring 26 to be accurately compressed when the slide bar 16 slides downward, so that it can generate a stable reverse elastic force on the baffle 13 through the slide bar 16 and the connecting rod 15, so that the subsequent rotation and reset process of the baffle 13 is smoother and more fluent.

[0041] Preferably, a baffle 28 is welded or integrally formed at the bottom end of the sieve plate 12 in the inclined direction, and the baffle 28 protrudes upward from the surface of the sieve plate 12, thereby blocking smaller silicon materials to a certain extent, effectively preventing silicon materials of qualified size from entering the baffle 13 for crushing again, ensuring the accuracy of silicon block crushing, reducing the repeated useless crushing of silicon blocks, and further reducing the overall energy consumption of silicon block crushing.

[0042] A crushing method of a silicon block multi-stage crushing device comprises the following steps:

[0043] S1. Pour the silicon blocks to be crushed into the crushing box 1 from the feed port 2. The feed port 2 is preferably a funnel-shaped structure that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom. The silicon blocks gather at the feed port 2 and automatically fall downward, making the crushing process of the silicon blocks smoother and more continuous. The silicon blocks enter the primary crushing part 4 and are crushed into small particles of silicon material by the rotation of two primary crushing rollers 5. Crushing teeth are arranged on the surface of the primary crushing rollers 5. The rotation of the crushing teeth crushes the silicon blocks passing through. The crushed silicon material passes through the discharge port at the bottom of the primary crushing part 4. The silicon blocks are crushed into small pieces and can pass through the area between the two primary crushing rollers 5 and be discharged from the discharging end 7. Silicon materials with qualified sizes pass through the sieve plate 12 and are discharged from the discharging port 3. Silicon materials with larger sizes fall along the inclined sieve plate 12 to the baffle plate 13 on one side. The sieve plate 12 timely screens out silicon materials with unqualified sizes. Silicon materials with qualified sizes pass through the sieve holes on the sieve plate 12 and are directly discharged from the discharging port 3 to prevent repeated useless crushing of them.

[0044] S2, the baffle 13 is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the sieve plate 12 in the inclined direction by a pin shaft or a hinge, the bottom of the baffle 13 is rotatably connected to a connecting rod 15 by a pin shaft or a hinge, the end of the connecting rod 15 is rotatably connected to a slide rod 16, and a slide rod 16 is vertically slidably arranged on the partition plate 14 below the sieve plate 12, and a compression spring 17 is arranged between the slide rod 16 and the partition plate 14. Due to the gravity of the baffle 13, the compression spring 17 is in a compressed state, and at the same time, under the reverse elastic force of the compression spring 17, the baffle 13 is above the feed end 11 to close the feed end 11 The baffle 13 is closed, so that the silicon materials with larger sizes that fall cannot directly pass through the feed end 11 into the secondary crushing part 8 but gather on the baffle 13. Such a structure enables the opening and closing control of the feed end 11 to be automatically controlled by the number of silicon materials with unqualified sizes. The feed end 11 can be opened only when the number of silicon materials gathered on the baffle 13 is large enough, so that the number of silicon materials entering the secondary crushing part 8 can be accurately controlled, ensuring the demand for the number of crushed silicon materials of different sizes in the secondary crushing parts 8, realizing full utilization of the crushing device, and ensuring the best crushing effect;

[0045] S3. As the larger silicon materials gradually gather, the baffle 13 is pressed downward by gravity to rotate, and the compression spring 17 is compressed by the connecting structure of the connecting rod 15 and the sliding rod 16. When the baffle 13 rotates to the feeding end 11, it is fixed by the holding assembly. The sum of the pressure of the larger silicon materials on the baffle 13 and the fixing force of the holding assembly on the baffle 13 is greater than the reverse elastic force of the compression spring 17, so that the feeding end 11 remains in an open state, so that the silicon materials on the baffle 13 can continue to pass through the feeding end 11 into the secondary crushing part 8, thereby ensuring the continuity of the crushing feed and preventing the baffle 13 from resetting and rotating to release the feeding end 11 when the amount of silicon materials is slightly reduced. 1 is closed, and at the same time, the baffle 13 contacts the contact sensor 18 at the feed end 11, so that the secondary motor 10 electrically connected to the contact sensor 18 is started, driving the two secondary crushing rollers 9 to rotate, and the larger silicon material on the baffle 13 passes through the feed end 11 and enters between the two secondary crushing rollers 9. The distance between the two secondary crushing rollers 9 becomes smaller, so the larger silicon material can be crushed into smaller silicon materials. Such a structure allows the unqualified silicon material to enter the secondary crushing part 8 with greater crushing accuracy below for further rapid crushing, so that it can be quickly crushed into particles of a specified size, making the crushing efficiency of the silicon block higher;

[0046] S4. As the number of large silicon materials on the baffle 13 gradually decreases, the pressure on the baffle 13 gradually decreases, and the holding component cannot overcome the reverse elastic force generated by the compression spring 17 on the baffle 13, so that the baffle 13 is separated from the contact sensor 18 and then rotates in the opposite direction to reset. The number of silicon blocks remaining on the baffle 13 can be achieved by changing the size of the fixing force of the holding component on the baffle 13, thereby meeting the requirements of the secondary crushing part 8 for the crushing quantity with different crushing accuracies. When the feed end 11 is closed, the secondary motor 10 is also closed due to the loss of the electrical signal of the contact sensor 18, so that the secondary crushing The crushing roller 9 rotates and crushes only when enough silicon materials are gathered on the baffle 13, which improves the utilization rate of the secondary crushing roller 9, avoids the energy loss caused by its long-term idling, and greatly reduces the overall energy consumption of multiple secondary crushing rollers 9. Such a structure enables the silicon materials with unqualified sizes to automatically and continuously undergo multi-stage crushing operations until all of them are crushed into qualified sizes. The number of crushing times for each size of finished silicon materials is different, and the corresponding secondary crushing roller 9 without sufficient silicon materials remains in a closed state, thereby realizing adaptive crushing processing of different silicon materials and meeting the crushing needs of finished silicon materials of various sizes;

[0047] S5. After the silicon material is crushed by the upper secondary crushing part 8, if the size is qualified, it passes through the sieve plate 12 on the lower secondary crushing part 8 and is discharged from the discharge port 3. If the size is unqualified, it rolls along the inclined sieve plate 12 on the lower secondary crushing part 8 to the baffle 13, and is further crushed after repeating steps S2-S4 until it is crushed into silicon material of qualified size and discharged from the discharge port 3. There is no need to control the number of times the silicon block is crushed, so that the silicon block automatically becomes silicon material of qualified size after a sufficient number of crushing times, which ensures that the size of the silicon material discharged from the discharge port 3 is adapted to the size of the sieve holes of the sieve plate 12, reduces the number of repeated crushing, and greatly improves the efficiency of the crushing process.

[0048] Working principle: In the present invention, a primary crushing part 4 is arranged in the crushing box 1 to realize primary crushing of silicon blocks. A plurality of secondary crushing parts 8 are symmetrically arranged below the primary crushing part 4. The plurality of secondary crushing parts 8 on the same side are arranged in an array from top to bottom, and the distance between two secondary crushing rollers 9 in the plurality of secondary crushing parts 8 gradually decreases from top to bottom, so that the silicon materials with unqualified sizes after being crushed by the current crushing device automatically enter the crushing device with higher crushing accuracy below for crushing treatment, avoiding the cyclic useless crushing of silicon blocks by a single crushing device, greatly reducing the time of repeated crushing, and making the silicon blocks quickly reach the specified particle size after multiple crushings, greatly improving the efficiency of silicon block crushing; if the size of the crushed silicon materials is qualified, they will pass through the inclined sieve plate 12 and be discharged from the discharge port 3, and the silicon materials with unqualified sizes will roll along the inclined sieve plate 12 to the baffle 13 on one side, and the baffle 13 is supported by the compression spring 17 under the connection of the bottom connecting rod 15 and the sliding rod 16 After the support is at a high position, it is located above the feed end 11 and the feed end 11 is closed, so that the larger silicon materials gradually gather on the baffle 13. Only when the unqualified silicon materials gather to a certain weight can they overcome the reverse elastic force of the compression spring 17 and drive the baffle 13 to rotate. When the baffle 13 rotates downward to the feed end 11, the feed end 11 is opened. The baffle 13 contacts the contact sensor 18 at the feed end 11, so that it generates an electrical signal and transmits it to the secondary motor 10. The secondary motor 10 drives the two secondary crushing rollers 9 to rotate. The larger silicon materials gathered on the baffle 13 enter between the two secondary crushing rollers 9 for crushing operation, so that the secondary crushing rollers 9 here are only started to perform crushing operation when the number of unqualified silicon materials is large enough, which greatly improves the utilization rate of multiple secondary crushing rollers 9, avoids the situation that multiple crushing equipment runs idle, greatly reduces the overall energy consumption of the crushing device, and reduces the cost of crushing processing;A holding assembly is provided at the feed end 11, which is used to fix the baffle 13 when the feed end 11 is opened. The fixing force of the baffle 13 plus the weight of the silicon material can overcome the reverse elastic force of the compression spring 17, so that the silicon material on the baffle 13 can continue to pass through the feed end 11 and fall between the two secondary crushing rollers 9 for crushing operation, thereby improving the continuity of crushing while ensuring the utilization rate of the crushing device. Only when the amount of silicon material is small and the sum of the weight of the silicon material and the fixing force of the holding assembly on the baffle 13 can no longer overcome the reverse elastic force of the compression spring 17 on the baffle 13, the baffle 13 is separated from the holding assembly and rotated upward. The feed end 11 is automatically reset, the baffle 13 is separated from the contact sensor 18, and the secondary motor 10 that loses the electrical signal no longer drives the two secondary crushing rollers 9 to rotate, so that the crushing stops, thereby making the opening and closing control of the feed end 11 more accurate and convenient, and greatly reducing the overall energy consumption of the equipment while ensuring the crushing effect and continuity of the silicon block. The silicon block automatically reaches the qualified size quickly after multiple crushings, and there is no need to control the number of crushing times of the silicon block. Only the size of the screen plate 12 needs to be controlled to obtain silicon materials of different sizes, which greatly improves the accuracy of silicon material size control and the convenience of crushing operation. ;

Claims

1. A multi-stage crushing device for silicon blocks, comprising a crushing box (1), wherein the crushing box (1) is provided with a feed inlet (2) and a discharge outlet (3) at the upper and lower ends thereof, respectively, and characterized in that: A primary crushing section (4) is provided below the feed port (2). The primary crushing section (4) includes symmetrically arranged primary crushing rollers (5) and a primary motor (6) for driving the primary crushing rollers (5) to rotate. A discharge end (7) is provided at the bottom of the primary crushing section (4). A plurality of secondary crushing sections (8) are symmetrically provided below the discharge end (7). The plurality of secondary crushing sections (8) on the same side are arranged in an array from top to bottom. The secondary crushing section (8) includes symmetrically arranged secondary crushing rollers (9) and a secondary motor (10) for driving the secondary crushing rollers (9) to rotate. The distance between the two secondary crushing rollers (9) gradually decreases from top to bottom. A feed end (11) and an inclined screen plate (12) are provided at the top of the secondary crushing section (8). A discharge end (7) is also provided at the bottom of the secondary crushing section (8). The screen plate (12) is located at the upper secondary crushing section (8). ), the bottom end of the sieve plate (12) in the tilting direction is rotatably connected to a baffle (13) for controlling the opening and closing of the feed end (11), the feed end (11) is located on the rotation path of the baffle (13), a partition plate (14) is provided below the sieve plate (12), the bottom of the baffle (13) is rotatably connected to a connecting rod (15), a sliding rod (16) is vertically slidably connected to the partition plate (14), a compression spring (17) is provided between the sliding rod (16) and the partition plate (14), the end of the connecting rod (15) is rotatably connected to the sliding rod (16), a contact sensor (18) and a retaining assembly used in conjunction with the baffle (13) are provided at the feed end (11), the contact sensor (18) is electrically connected to the secondary motor (10), and the retaining assembly is used to fix the baffle (13) when the feed end (11) is opened.

2. The multi-stage silicon block crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The retaining component is an electromagnet (19), and the electromagnet (19) is magnetically attracted to the baffle (13).

3. The multi-stage silicon block crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A baffle column (20) and an arc-shaped guide plate (21) are provided above the secondary crushing roller (9), an end of the baffle plate (13) is in sliding contact with the arc-shaped guide plate (21), and the feed end (11) is provided between the baffle column (20) and the bottom end of the guide plate (21).

4. The multi-stage silicon block crushing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The contact sensor (18) and the retaining assembly are both arranged on the blocking column (20).

5. The multi-stage silicon block crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support rod (22) extending to below the sieve plate (12) is provided at the bottom of the slide rod (16), and an elastic ball (23) is provided at the top of the support rod (22), and the elastic ball (23) is in contact with the bottom of the sieve plate (12).

6. The multi-stage silicon block crushing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The longitudinal section of the support rod (22) is L-shaped, the elastic ball (23) is arranged at the top of the L-shaped vertical part, and the L-shaped horizontal part passes through the bottom of the partition plate (14) and is connected to the sliding rod (16).

7. The multi-stage silicon block crushing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of impact rods (24) are slidably connected to the side wall of the crushing box (1), a tension spring (25) is provided between the impact rod (24) and the side wall of the crushing box (1), and the impact rod (24) is in contact with the top of the baffle (13).

8. The multi-stage silicon block crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of guide rings (26) are provided on the partition plate (14), the slide rod (16) is slidably connected inside the guide ring (26), a protrusion (27) is provided on the slide rod (16), and the compression spring (17) is arranged between the protrusion (27) and the guide ring (26).

9. The multi-stage silicon block crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A blocking bar (28) is provided at the bottom end of the screen plate (12) in the inclined direction.

10. The crushing method of the silicon block multi-stage crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Pour silicon blocks to be crushed from the feed port (2) into the crushing box (1). The silicon blocks enter the primary crushing section (4). The two primary crushing rollers (5) rotate to crush the silicon blocks into small particles of silicon material. The crushed silicon material passes through the discharge end (7) at the bottom of the primary crushing section (4) and enters the sieve plate (12) of the secondary crushing section (8). Silicon materials of qualified size pass through the sieve plate (12) and are discharged from the discharge port (3). Silicon materials of larger size fall along the inclined sieve plate (12) onto the baffle plate (13) on one side. S2, the baffle (13) is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the sieve plate (12) in the inclined direction, the bottom of the baffle (13) is rotatably connected to a connecting rod (15), a sliding rod (16) is vertically slidably arranged on the partition plate (14) below the sieve plate (12), a compression spring (17) is arranged between the sliding rod (16) and the partition plate (14), and under the action of the compression spring (17), the baffle (13) is located above the feed end (11) to close the feed end (11), so that the silicon materials with larger sizes that fall cannot directly pass through the feed end (11) and enter the secondary crushing part (8), but are gathered on the baffle (13); S3. As the larger silicon materials gradually gather, the baffle (13) is pressed downward by gravity to rotate. The compression spring (17) is compressed by the connecting structure of the connecting rod (15) and the sliding rod (16). When the baffle (13) rotates to the feeding end (11), it is fixed by the holding assembly. The sum of the pressure of the larger silicon materials on the baffle (13) and the fixing force of the holding assembly on the baffle (13) is greater than the reverse elastic force of the compression spring (17), so that the feeding end (11) remains in an open state. At the same time, the baffle (13) contacts the contact sensor (18) at the feeding end (11), so that the secondary motor (10) electrically connected to the contact sensor (18) is started, driving the two secondary crushing rollers (9) to rotate. The larger silicon materials on the baffle (13) pass through the feeding end (11) and enter between the two secondary crushing rollers (9). The distance between the two secondary crushing rollers (9) becomes smaller, so that the larger silicon materials can be crushed into smaller silicon materials. S4. As the amount of silicon materials of larger size on the baffle (13) gradually decreases, the pressure on the baffle (13) gradually decreases, and the retaining assembly cannot overcome the reverse elastic force exerted by the compression spring (17) on the baffle (13), so that the baffle (13) disengages from the contact sensor (18) and rotates in the reverse direction to reset. When the feed end (11) is closed, the secondary motor (10) is also turned off after losing the electrical signal of the contact sensor (18), so that the secondary crushing roller (9) rotates and crushes only when enough silicon materials are gathered on the baffle (13), thereby improving the utilization rate of the secondary crushing roller (9), avoiding the energy loss caused by its long-term idling, and greatly reducing the overall energy consumption of the multiple secondary crushing rollers (9); S5. After the silicon material is crushed in the upper secondary crushing section (8), if the size is qualified, it passes through the sieve plate (12) on the lower secondary crushing section (8) and is discharged from the discharge port (3). If the size is unqualified, it rolls along the inclined sieve plate (12) on the lower secondary crushing section (8) to the baffle plate (13), and is further crushed after repeating steps S2-S4 until it is crushed into silicon material of qualified size and discharged from the discharge port (3). There is no need to control the number of times the silicon block is crushed, so that the silicon block automatically becomes silicon material of qualified size quickly after being crushed a sufficient number of times.

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