A kind of aging-resistant aluminum alloy cable

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of cable technology, and proposes an aging-resistant aluminum alloy cable, which includes a cable core, an insulating layer, and a sheath layer from the inside to the outside; the insulating layer includes the following components in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of polyolefin, 30-40 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 5-15 parts of reinforcing agent, 2-4 parts of cross-linking agent, 4-8 parts of compatibilizer, and 1-3 parts of antioxidant; the sheath layer includes the following components in parts by weight: 75-85 parts of EPDM rubber, 15-25 parts of polyolefin, 8-16 parts of filler, 1-5 parts of cross-linking agent, and 1-3 parts of antioxidant; the filler includes silicon carbide whiskers and magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite in a mass ratio of 1:15-15:1. Through the above technical scheme, the problem of poor aging resistance of aluminum alloy cables in related technologies is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cables, and in particular to an aging-resistant aluminum alloy cable. Background Art

[0002] In the field of power transmission, aluminum alloy cables, as a new type of cable product, have been widely used in recent years. However, aluminum alloy cables currently have some shortcomings in terms of aging resistance.

[0003] During long-term use, cables will be affected by environmental factors such as temperature changes, humidity, and ultraviolet radiation. Under the influence of these factors, the sheath material of aluminum alloy cables is prone to aging, cracking, embrittlement, etc., which will reduce the service life and performance of the cable. For example, ultraviolet radiation may cause the sheath material of the cable to age and lose its protective function, causing the insulation resistance of the aluminum alloy cable to decrease, resulting in an increased risk of leakage. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the aging resistance of the sheath material and then the aging resistance of the aluminum alloy cable to extend the service life of the cable. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides an aging-resistant aluminum alloy cable, which solves the problem of poor aging resistance of aluminum alloy cables in related technologies.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] The present invention provides an aging-resistant aluminum alloy cable, which comprises a cable core, an insulation layer, and a sheath layer from the inside to the outside;

[0007] The insulating layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of polyolefin, 30-40 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 5-15 parts of reinforcing agent, 2-4 parts of cross-linking agent, 4-8 parts of compatibilizer, and 1-3 parts of antioxidant;

[0008] The sheath layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 75-85 parts of EPDM rubber, 15-25 parts of polyolefin, 8-16 parts of filler, 1-5 parts of cross-linking agent, and 1-3 parts of antioxidant;

[0009] The filler comprises silicon carbide whiskers and magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite in a mass ratio of 1:15 to 15:1.

[0010] As a further technical solution, the filler includes silicon carbide whiskers and magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite in a mass ratio of 4:1-6.

[0011] In the present invention, when the mass ratio of silicon carbide whiskers to magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite is 4:1-6, the aging resistance of the aluminum alloy cable is further improved.

[0012] As a further technical solution, the cable core is an aluminum alloy cable core.

[0013] As a further technical solution, the magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite is a modifier-modified magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite, and the modifier in the modifier-modified magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite includes one of acrylic acid, phytic acid, and dodecanoic acid.

[0014] As a further technical solution, the modifier is dodecanoic acid.

[0015] In the present invention, one of acrylic acid, phytic acid and dodecanoic acid is used to coat and modify the magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite, thereby further improving the aging resistance of the aluminum alloy cable; when the modifier is dodecanoic acid, the aging resistance of the aluminum alloy cable is further improved.

[0016] As a further technical solution, the preparation method of the modifier-modified magnesium-aluminum hydrotalcite comprises the following steps:

[0017] The modifier solution and the magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite are mixed and dried to obtain the modifier-modified magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite.

[0018] As a further technical solution, the components of the modifier solution include a modifier and a solvent; the mass ratio of the modifier to the magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite is 0.3-0.6:1;

[0019] The mass volume ratio of the modifier to the solvent is 1g:100-150mL.

[0020] As a further technical solution, the magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite is magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite modified by dodecanoic acid and cerium salt.

[0021] As a further technical solution, the preparation method of magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite modified by dodecanoic acid and cerium salt comprises the following steps:

[0022] S1, mixing the dodecanoic acid solution and the magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite to obtain a dispersion;

[0023] S2. Adding cerium salt to the dispersion to react, and post-treating to obtain magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite modified with dodecanoic acid and cerium salt.

[0024] In the present invention, dodecanoic acid and cerium salt are used to modify the magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite, and the cerium ions are chelated on the surface of the magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite by dodecanoic acid, thereby further improving the aging resistance of the aluminum alloy cable.

[0025] As a further technical solution, the post-treatment includes filtering, washing and drying in sequence.

[0026] As a further technical solution, the mass ratio of the cerium salt to the magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite is 1:5-8;

[0027] The cerium salt includes one of cerium chloride, cerium nitrate and cerium acetate.

[0028] As a further technical solution, the components of the dodecanoic acid solution include dodecanoic acid and a solvent;

[0029] The mass ratio of the dodecanoic acid to the magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite is 0.3-0.6:1;

[0030] The mass volume ratio of the dodecanoic acid to the solvent is 1 g:100-150 mL.

[0031] As a further technical solution, the polyolefins in the insulating layer and the sheath layer independently include one or two of polyethylene and polypropylene; the reinforcing agent includes one or more of carbon black, silica, and calcium carbonate; the cross-linking agent in the insulating layer and the sheath layer is independently a peroxide; the antioxidant in the insulating layer and the sheath layer independently includes one or more of an amine antioxidant, a phenolic antioxidant, and a phosphite antioxidant; and the compatibilizer includes maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene.

[0032] The present invention also proposes a method for preparing the aging-resistant aluminum alloy cable, comprising the following steps:

[0033] Mixing the components of the insulating layer to obtain a mixture A;

[0034] The components of the sheath layer are kneaded to obtain a mixture B;

[0035] The mixed material A and the mixed material B are sequentially extruded and coated on the cable core from the inside to the outside to form an aluminum alloy cable.

[0036] The working principle and beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0037] In the present invention, the aluminum alloy cable is provided with a cable core, an insulation layer and a sheath layer in sequence from the inside to the outside. The sheath layer uses EPDM rubber and polyolefin as matrix materials, and silicon carbide whiskers and magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite are added as fillers. The two work together to significantly improve the aging resistance of the aluminum alloy cable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] In the following examples and comparative examples, the model of polyethylene is DX900; the model of EPDM rubber is 3092PM; the model of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is V5110J; the model of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene is GR207; the diameter of silicon carbide whiskers is 1 μm and the length is 10 μm; the particle size of magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite is 5 μm.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] Aging-resistant aluminum alloy cable, from the inside out, includes aluminum alloy cable core, insulation layer, and sheath layer;

[0042] The insulating layer includes the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts of polyethylene, 40 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 5 parts of carbon black, 2 parts of dicumyl peroxide, 4 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, and 1 part of antioxidant 1010;

[0043] The sheath layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 75 parts of EPDM rubber, 25 parts of polyethylene, 8 parts of filler, 1 part of dicumyl peroxide, and 1 part of antioxidant 1010;

[0044] The filler is silicon carbide whisker and magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite in a mass ratio of 1:15;

[0045] The preparation method of the aging-resistant aluminum alloy cable comprises the following steps:

[0046] Mixing the components of the insulating layer to obtain a mixture A;

[0047] After the components of the sheath layer are kneaded, a mixture B is obtained;

[0048] Mixture A and mixture B are extruded and coated on the outside of the aluminum alloy cable core in sequence from the inside to the outside to form an aluminum alloy cable.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] Aging-resistant aluminum alloy cable, from the inside out, includes aluminum alloy cable core, insulation layer, and sheath layer;

[0051] The insulating layer includes the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of polyethylene, 30 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 5 parts of carbon black, 10 parts of silicon dioxide, 4 parts of dicumyl peroxide, 8 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, and 3 parts of antioxidant 1010;

[0052] The sheath layer includes the following components in parts by weight: 85 parts of EPDM rubber, 15 parts of polyethylene, 16 parts of filler, 5 parts of dicumyl peroxide, 2 parts of antioxidant 1010, and 1 part of antioxidant TNP;

[0053] The filler is silicon carbide whisker and magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite in a mass ratio of 9:1;

[0054] The preparation method of the aging-resistant aluminum alloy cable comprises the following steps:

[0055] Mixing the components of the insulating layer to obtain a mixture A;

[0056] After the components of the sheath layer are kneaded, a mixture B is obtained;

[0057] Mixture A and mixture B are extruded and coated on the outside of the aluminum alloy cable core in sequence from the inside to the outside to form an aluminum alloy cable.

[0058] Example 3

[0059] Aging-resistant aluminum alloy cable, from the inside out, includes aluminum alloy cable core, insulation layer, and sheath layer;

[0060] The insulating layer includes the following components in parts by weight: 65 parts of polyethylene, 35 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 10 parts of carbon black, 3 parts of dicumyl peroxide, 6 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, 1 part of antioxidant 1010, and 1 part of antioxidant TNP;

[0061] The sheath layer includes the following components in parts by weight: 80 parts of EPDM rubber, 20 parts of polyethylene, 12 parts of filler, 4 parts of dicumyl peroxide, and 2 parts of antioxidant 1010;

[0062] The filler is silicon carbide whisker and magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite in a mass ratio of 15:1;

[0063] The preparation method of the aging-resistant aluminum alloy cable comprises the following steps:

[0064] Mixing the components of the insulating layer to obtain a mixture A;

[0065] After the components of the sheath layer are kneaded, a mixture B is obtained;

[0066] Mixture A and mixture B are extruded and coated on the outside of the aluminum alloy cable core in sequence from the inside to the outside to form an aluminum alloy cable.

[0067] Example 4

[0068] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 3 is that the filler is silicon carbide whisker and magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite in a mass ratio of 1:15.

[0069] Example 5

[0070] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 3 is that the filler is silicon carbide whisker and magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite in a mass ratio of 4:1.

[0071] Example 6

[0072] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 3 is that the filler is silicon carbide whisker and magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite in a mass ratio of 2:3.

[0073] Example 7

[0074] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 6 is that the magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite is an acrylic acid-modified magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite;

[0075] The preparation method of acrylic acid modified magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite comprises the following steps:

[0076] 0.3 g of acrylic acid, 1 g of magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite, and 45 mL of ethanol were mixed and dried to obtain acrylic acid-modified magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite.

[0077] Example 8

[0078] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 6 is that the magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite is phytic acid modified magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite;

[0079] The preparation method of phytic acid modified magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite comprises the following steps:

[0080] 0.3 g of phytic acid, 1 g of magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite, and 45 mL of ethanol were mixed and dried to obtain phytic acid-modified magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite.

[0081] Example 9

[0082] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 6 is that the magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite is dodecanoic acid-modified magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite;

[0083] The preparation method of dodecanoic acid modified magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite comprises the following steps:

[0084] 0.3 g of dodecanoic acid, 1 g of magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite, and 45 mL of ethanol were mixed and dried to obtain dodecanoic acid-modified magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite.

[0085] Example 10

[0086] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 6 is that the magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite is dodecanoic acid-modified magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite;

[0087] The preparation method of dodecanoic acid modified magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite comprises the following steps:

[0088] 0.6 g of dodecanoic acid, 1 g of magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite, and 60 mL of ethanol were mixed and dried to obtain dodecanoic acid-modified magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite.

[0089] Embodiment 11

[0090] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 10 is that the magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite is magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite modified by dodecanoic acid and cerium salt;

[0091] The preparation method of magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite modified by dodecanoic acid and cerium salt comprises the following steps:

[0092] S1, 0.6 g of dodecanoic acid, 1 g of magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite, and 60 mL of ethanol were mixed to obtain a dispersion;

[0093] S2. Add 0.2 g of cerium chloride to the dispersion and react for 2 h, filter, wash, and dry to obtain magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite modified with dodecanoic acid and cerium salt.

[0094] Example 12

[0095] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 10 is that the magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite is magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite modified by dodecanoic acid and cerium salt;

[0096] The preparation method of magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite modified by dodecanoic acid and cerium salt comprises the following steps:

[0097] S1, 0.6 g of dodecanoic acid, 1 g of magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite, and 60 mL of ethanol were mixed to obtain a dispersion;

[0098] S2. Add 0.125 g of cerium chloride to the dispersion and react for 3 hours, filter, wash, and dry to obtain magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite modified with dodecanoic acid and cerium salt.

[0099] Comparative Example 1

[0100] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that the filler is silicon carbide whisker.

[0101] Comparative Example 2

[0102] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that the filler is magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite.

[0103] The aging resistance test was performed on the sheath layers of the aluminum alloy cables prepared in Examples 1 to 12 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 respectively:

[0104] Strength: tensile strength test is carried out in accordance with the standard GB / T 528-2009 "Determination of tensile stress-strain properties of vulcanized rubber or thermoplastic rubber";

[0105] Aging resistance: UV aging test was carried out in accordance with standard GB / T 16585-1996 "Test method for artificial weathering of vulcanized rubber (fluorescent UV lamp)", and the change rate of tensile strength before and after UV aging was calculated. The change rate of tensile strength = [(tensile strength before aging - tensile strength after aging) / tensile strength before aging] × 100%.

[0106] The results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0107] Table 1 Test results of the sheath performance of aluminum alloy cables

[0108]

[0109] By comparing the data of Examples 1 to 12 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2, it is found that compared with Comparative Examples 1 to 2, the aluminum alloy cable sheath layer obtained in Examples 1 to 12 has higher tensile strength and lower tensile strength change rate, indicating that the aluminum alloy cable is sequentially provided with a cable core, an insulation layer, and a sheath layer from the inside to the outside, and the sheath layer is made of EPDM rubber and polyolefin as a matrix material, and silicon carbide whiskers and magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite are added as fillers, and the two work together to significantly improve the aging resistance of the aluminum alloy cable.

[0110] By comparing the data of Examples 3 to 6, it is found that compared with Examples 3 to 4, the aluminum alloy cable sheath layer prepared in Examples 5 to 6 has higher tensile strength and lower tensile strength change rate, indicating that when the mass ratio of silicon carbide whiskers to magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite is 4:1 to 6, the aging resistance of the aluminum alloy cable is further improved.

[0111] By comparing the data of Examples 6 to 10, it is found that compared with Example 6, the aluminum alloy cable sheath layer prepared in Examples 7 to 10 has higher tensile strength and lower tensile strength change rate, indicating that the magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite is coated and modified by one of acrylic acid, phytic acid, and dodecanoic acid, which further improves the aging resistance of the aluminum alloy cable.

[0112] By comparing the data of Examples 7 to 10, it is found that compared with Examples 7 to 8, the aluminum alloy cable sheath layer obtained in Examples 9 to 10 has higher tensile strength and lower tensile strength change rate, indicating that the aging resistance of the aluminum alloy cable is further improved by coating and modifying the magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite with dodecanoic acid.

[0113] By comparing the data of Examples 10 to 12, it is found that compared with Example 10, the aluminum alloy cable sheath layer obtained in Examples 11 to 12 has higher tensile strength and lower tensile strength change rate, indicating that the magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite is modified by dodecanoic acid and cerium salt, and the cerium ions are chelated on the surface of the magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite by dodecanoic acid, thereby further improving the aging resistance of the aluminum alloy cable.

[0114] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An aging-resistant aluminum alloy cable, characterized in that: From the inside to the outside, it includes the cable core, insulation layer, and sheath layer; The insulating layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of polyolefin, 30-40 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 5-15 parts of reinforcing agent, 2-4 parts of cross-linking agent, 4-8 parts of compatibilizer, and 1-3 parts of antioxidant; The sheath layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 75-85 parts of EPDM rubber, 15-25 parts of polyolefin, 8-16 parts of filler, 1-5 parts of cross-linking agent, and 1-3 parts of antioxidant; The filler comprises silicon carbide whiskers and magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite in a mass ratio of 1:15 to 15:1; The magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite is a modifier-modified magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite, and the modifier in the modifier-modified magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite includes one of acrylic acid, phytic acid and dodecanoic acid.

2. The aging-resistant aluminum alloy cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filler comprises silicon carbide whiskers and magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite in a mass ratio of 4:1-6.

3. The aging-resistant aluminum alloy cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the modifier-modified magnesium-aluminum hydrotalcite comprises the following steps: The modifier solution and the magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite are mixed and dried to obtain the modifier-modified magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite.

4. The aging-resistant aluminum alloy cable according to claim 3, characterized in that: The components of the modifier solution include a modifier and a solvent; the mass ratio of the modifier to the magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite is 0.3-0.6:1; The mass volume ratio of the modifier to the solvent is 1g:100-150mL.

5. The aging-resistant aluminum alloy cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite is magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite modified by dodecanoic acid and cerium salt.

6. The aging-resistant aluminum alloy cable according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preparation method of magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite modified by dodecanoic acid and cerium salt comprises the following steps: S1, mixing the dodecanoic acid solution and the magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite to obtain a dispersion; S2. Adding cerium salt to the dispersion to react, and post-treating to obtain magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite modified with dodecanoic acid and cerium salt.

7. The aging-resistant aluminum alloy cable according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the cerium salt to the magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite is 1:5-8; The cerium salt includes one of cerium chloride, cerium nitrate and cerium acetate.

8. The aging-resistant aluminum alloy cable according to claim 6, characterized in that: The components of the dodecanoic acid solution include dodecanoic acid and a solvent; The mass ratio of the dodecanoic acid to the magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite is 0.3-0.6:1; The mass volume ratio of the dodecanoic acid to the solvent is 1 g:100-150 mL.

9. The aging-resistant aluminum alloy cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polyolefins in the insulating layer and the sheath layer independently include one or two of polyethylene and polypropylene; the reinforcing agent includes one or more of carbon black, silicon dioxide, and calcium carbonate; the cross-linking agent in the insulating layer and the sheath layer is independently peroxide; the antioxidant in the insulating layer and the sheath layer independently includes one or more of amine antioxidants, phenolic antioxidants, and phosphite antioxidants; and the compatibilizer includes maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene.

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