A feeding method suitable for artificial breeding and biological observation of Blattodea insects

Abstract

The invention discloses a feeding method suitable for artificial feeding and biological observation of Blattodea insects, belongs to the technical field of bee feeding methods, and includes three parts: feeding methods for feeding and biological observation of Blattodea adults, feeding methods for feeding and biological observation of Blattodea eggs, larvae and pupae, and mating of adults and indoor population management methods. The artificial feeding of Blattodea, which originally lived alone in the wild, was completed; the Blattodea species that can be artificially fed were expanded from only two to four; the survival rate of offspring was as high as more than 95% by adopting the artificial feeding method of the invention; the life span of adults was long by adopting the artificial feeding method of the invention, the average life span of females was 106.6 days, the average life span of males was 95.2 days, and the overall average life span could reach 100 days.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a breeding method for a class of solitary hunting bees, and in particular to the technical field of a breeding method suitable for artificial breeding and biological observation of Blattodea insects. Background Art

[0002] Blatticidal wasps, a general term for insects of the family Ampulicidae in the order Hymenoptera, are an important type of predatory solitary wasp. Their life cycle includes four developmental stages: egg, larva, pupa and adult. There are more than 200 known species worldwide.

[0003] Blattia wasps are a very primitive group of mud wasps, representing a unique branch in the superfamily Apoidea and the phylogeny of Hymenoptera. Most of them have beautiful appearance and special biological learning ability, which attracted the attention of scientists very early. Blattia wasps are an important type of predatory natural enemy insects, hunting cockroaches. Some species can even enter human habitats to hunt. They occupy a unique ecological niche in the natural environment and have special selectivity and adaptability to the ecological environment. They are of great value in environmental monitoring and the development of natural enemy insect resources. Blattia wasps have a high ornamental value in their beautiful appearance and unique hunting behavior. Their hunting method of incompletely anesthetizing prey shows that their venom has special chemical properties, and it also has great potential value in medicine and chemistry. They are an important type of resource insects.

[0004] Our team found that there are obvious differences in appearance and biology between different genera and species of Blattodea. However, due to the lack of a certain number of insect individuals, in-depth scientific research on this group cannot be conducted for the following reasons: ① Most species of Blattodea are rare in the wild and their distribution is irregular, making them difficult to collect; ② Blattodea have high requirements for natural environmental conditions. As their original habitats have been destroyed, their numbers have been greatly reduced, making collection much more difficult than before; ③ Most of the specimens collected by predecessors are of poor quality due to the long years of collection, making it difficult to conduct molecular-level research; ④ Blattodea's activities in the wild are mostly hidden and difficult to observe, and their biological learning is difficult to observe and record. Therefore, research on most species of this group worldwide is still at a relatively shallow level.

[0005] Large-scale field collection through various means is often inefficient and not conducive to the protection of wild Blattodea insect resources. Therefore, artificial breeding of Blattodea is an important method to solve the above problems and can greatly enhance the value of live specimens collected in the wild.

[0006] In the records of artificial breeding methods of predecessors, some possible influencing factors in breeding were not strictly controlled, such as improper hygiene management of the breeding environment, resulting in contamination by microorganisms or harmful substances leading to insect death; improper temperature control in different seasons, resulting in unsuitable temperatures causing a series of problems affecting breeding efficiency, such as slow development, dormancy or death of roach wasps; the material of the nest tube and the type of prey are single, resulting in other species of roach wasps being unable to adapt or not choosing them, resulting in problems such as not building nests and not reproducing; various irregular or inappropriate breeding methods, environments and conditions lead to problems such as difficulty in adapting to roach wasp adults, short lifespan, low nesting rate, and low survival rate of eggs, larvae and pupae.

[0007] Currently, only two species of Blattodea have been successfully bred by foreign scientists, namely the cosmopolitan species Green Blattodea Ampulex compressa (Fabricius, 1781) and the American distribution of the sphenocoelid wasp Ampulex canaliculata Say, 1823, in which the green slug wasp Ampulex compressa (Fabricius, 1781) has been studied in depth by later generations, and there is no record of breeding other species of Blattodea. Due to the obvious biological differences between Blattodea species, the simple breeding model is not suitable for breeding other different Blattodea species, and failure to successfully breed them will affect further observation and research.

[0008] Developing artificial breeding technology for Blattodea can greatly reduce the cost of large-scale collection and avoid damage to wild insect resources. At the same time, it can expand the number of specimens, improve the quality of specimens, and to a certain extent study their biological learning abilities, providing a large amount of important research data and materials for more in-depth scientific research in the future. Summary of the invention

[0009] The present invention is to solve the above problems and defects and provide a breeding method suitable for artificial breeding and biological observation of Blattodea insects.

[0010] The present invention is implemented by the following technical solution.

[0011] A feeding method suitable for artificial breeding and biological observation of Blattodea insects, the method comprising a feeding method for breeding and biological observation of Blattodea adults, comprising:

[0012] 1) Set up a light-permeable and breathable square mesh box or glass box in a well-lit room or greenhouse as a breeding box container for adults of Blattodea; control the temperature to 24℃-27℃ and the humidity to 30%-50%;

[0013] 2) Place 1-2 culture dishes with a diameter of 12-15 cm at the bottom of the breeding box container. Cover the outer wall of the culture dish with insect climbing paper and place a bedding material inside the culture dish. Moisten the bedding material with clean water until no water flows out when squeezed by hand.

[0014] 3) Set up feeding and drinking points around the culture dish;

[0015] The feeding point is provided with a bottle cap or a small culture dish, and a ball of toilet paper soaked in light honey water is placed inside, which is changed every 1-2 days;

[0016] The drinking water point bottle cap or small culture dish has toilet paper balls soaked in clean water placed inside, which do not need to be replaced without mildew, and water is added daily to keep the paper balls moist;

[0017] 4) Place a small bundle of reed tubes, bamboo tubes, stones with holes, test tubes, plastic bottles, etc. in a culture dish with bedding as a shelter or a nest for the blister wasp to choose; after the blister wasp has completed the nesting, remove it and replace it with a new empty nest;

[0018] 5) After arranging the environment, place the collected roach mud wasps into the breeding box. After 1-3 days of adaptation, add prey; the number of prey should be controlled at twice the number of female roach mud wasps. Prey that has not been hunted for a long time or is in poor health should be removed in time and new prey should be added.

[0019] Furthermore, the mat material of the present invention is composed of coconut soil, vermiculite and perlite; the weight ratio of coconut soil, vermiculite and perlite is 3:1:1; the depth of the mat material is one half to three quarters of the depth of the culture dish.

[0020] Furthermore, the size range of the vermiculite or perlite of the present invention is: 0.3-0.8 cm in diameter.

[0021] Furthermore, the toilet paper ball of the present invention is made of toilet paper without fragrance, preservatives and other additives, which is cut into strips with a width of about 1 cm and rolled into a ball.

[0022] The mat material has three purposes: 1) to be used as a bottom mat in the traditional sense; 2) to absorb and retain water; 3) to be used as a convenient material for sealing the nests of the roach mud wasps when they build nests (if it is replaced with cotton, it will be difficult to tear off and the cotton fibers will easily entangle the insect body).

[0023] The method of the present invention includes a method for rearing and biological observation of eggs, larvae and pupae of Blattodea sphaerocephala, comprising:

[0024] 1) Set up a rectangular plastic box with a gauze mesh on the top as a breeding box for eggs, larvae and pupae of Blattodea; set a cushion material at the bottom of the breeding box, and moisten the cushion material with clean water until no water flows out when squeezed by hand; the environment should be ventilated and dark, with a temperature of 24℃-27℃ and a humidity of 30%-50%;

[0025] 2) Take out the nests with blocked holes in the adult breeding box, then remove the stuffing that blocks the holes, carefully take out the prey with eggs or larvae on the surface, and put them into a sterilized clean test tube or transparent plastic bottle that serves as an artificial nest; then place the clean test tube or transparent plastic bottle after the transfer in the breeding box, and then gently block the entrance of the container with cushioning material to prevent the prey from escaping and ensure ventilation;

[0026] 3) Maintain temperature and humidity; no other operations are required except daily observation of the growth of the larvae, and try to move and disturb them as little as possible;

[0027] 4) After the larvae have eaten all the prey, they will quickly spin a cocoon. When the cocoon shell becomes darker in color and completely hardens, the pupa can be taken out of the nest and placed directly on the surface of the bedding material to wait for emergence;

[0028] 5) After the cocoon is made, the Blattodea will emerge as a new adult in 35-40 days under the condition of 24℃-27℃. When the shell of the new adult hardens and it can crawl freely in the box, it can be transferred to the adult breeding box for breeding.

[0029] Furthermore, the breeding and biological observation methods and processes of the eggs, larvae and pupae of the cockroach wasp described in the present invention must be completed in a transparent visible container, and the eggs or larvae on the surface of the prey must not be knocked off or damaged during the process of taking them out from the nest tube and transferring them to the transparent nest tube.

[0030] Furthermore, in the method for raising and biologically observing eggs, larvae and pupae of the present invention, after the larvae have eaten all the prey, the prey remains are cleaned up in time to avoid rotting and mildew, and the cocoon shell of the roach mud wasp should not be damaged when cleaning the prey remains.

[0031] Furthermore, the method of the present invention includes the mating of adults and the indoor population management method, including:

[0032] 1) Observe the pupae to be eclosing, and rear the eclosing adults in the following three modes: a. Mixed rearing of males and females; b. Mixed rearing of females and females; c. Mixed rearing of males and males;

[0033] 2) The main modes of reproduction of offspring are mode a and mode b mentioned above; the role of the two different modes is to control the ratio of males to females in the offspring; mode c is the temporary rearing of male candidate individuals, rearing male insects that are not temporarily involved in mode a rearing.

[0034] Furthermore, in the mixed breeding mode of female and male insects described in the present invention, the ratio of the number of female and male adults is 1:2.

[0035] Furthermore, when the females are co-raised as described in the present invention, the density of the female insects is controlled, and the density is controlled to accommodate 2-4 female adults in a 30cm×30cm×30cm space under the condition that the number of prey and the number of nests are sufficient.

[0036] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1) the present invention successfully completes the artificial breeding of the blattella which originally lived alone in the wild; 2) the present invention successfully expands the blattella species that can be artificially bred from only two to four, adding the flat-lipped blattella Ampulex clypecomplana Chen and Q. Li, 2010 and Amblyodon sphaeroides Ampulex kurarensis Yasumatsu, 1936; 3) The two newly added species of Blattodea that can be artificially bred are the first to be successfully bred by Chinese people, filling the technical gap in this field in China; 4) The survival rate of offspring using the artificial breeding method of the present invention is as high as over 95%; 5) Using the artificial breeding method of the present invention, the life span of adults is long, with an average life span of 106.6 days for females and 95.2 days for males, and the overall average life span can reach 100 days.

[0037] The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 This is a physical display diagram of the adult insect breeding box of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 A nest selected for the Blattodea;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a state diagram of the artificially reared adult of Blattodea sphaerocephala of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a physical display diagram of the blocked nest of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following examples are only a part of the technical solution of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the entire technical solution of the present invention. The examples of the present invention are provided to further explain and illustrate the details of the technical solution of the present invention.

[0043] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 shown.

[0044] The artificial breeding method of Blattodea sphaerocephala comprises the following steps:

[0045] 1. Collection and transportation of target living organisms:

[0046] 1. Blattodea insects are mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical areas. The main occurrence period is concentrated in summer and autumn. They are mainly active in forests and shrubs. Some species will enter human settlements to look for prey. Use insect nets to catch live adults. In the wild, you can smear honey, sweet wine and other foods on tree trunks or walls to lure them, and then wait for an opportunity to catch them with a net.

[0047] 2. Use breathable, dry and clean containers to temporarily store and transport the captured adults of the Blattodea. The containers should be placed in a cool and ventilated environment and avoid direct sunlight. If the temporary storage or transportation time exceeds 3-4 hours, a small amount of food should be provided during the transportation. Soak the paper ball with light honey water or juice with high sugar content and put it in the container for the adults to eat.

[0048] 2. Artificial breeding method:

[0049] 1. Layout and daily management of the breeding environment for adults of Blattodea

[0050] (1) Choose a light-permeable and breathable square mesh cage or glass box to raise the adults. The size should be set to a square with a side length of 25-30 cm. Raise them in a greenhouse or a well-lit room. The suitable temperature for adults to survive is 24℃-27℃ and the humidity is 30%-50%. Use air conditioners, humidifiers and other equipment to control the temperature and humidity.

[0051] (2) Place 1-2 culture dishes with a diameter of 12-15 cm at the bottom of the breeding container. Cover the outer wall of the culture dish with a layer of insect climbing paper. Use coconut soil mixed with small particles of vermiculite and perlite as the bedding material in the culture dish. The thickness is about three-quarters of the depth of the culture dish. Moisten it with clean water until no water flows out when squeezed by hand. Add water regularly according to the evaporation of water to keep the bedding moist and keep it from being too dry and light in color. Blattodea will use the bedding material as a material to block the nest.

[0052] (3) Place two plastic bottle caps or small petri dishes around the petri dish to serve as drinking and feeding points. Use light honey water (the ratio of honey to water is about 1:3) as food for the adults. Add a ball of toilet paper to the bottle cap or petri dish and soak it in honey water to feed the adults. Change it every 1-2 days to ensure that the food is fresh and not spoiled. Also add a ball of toilet paper to the bottle cap or petri dish at the drinking point and soak it in clean water. However, as long as the paper ball does not become moldy, it does not need to be replaced. Add water every day to keep the paper ball moist. Some cockroach mud wasps will tear off the wet paper at the drinking point as material to seal their nests.

[0053] (4) Place a small bundle of reed tubes, bamboo tubes (the two ends are connected and one end is sealed with paper or cotton, leaving only one entrance), stones with holes, test tubes, plastic bottles, etc. in a petri dish covered with bedding as a shelter or a nest for the blister wasp to choose. After the blister wasp has built its nest, remove it and replace it with a new empty nest.

[0054] (5) After setting up the environment, place the collected Blattodea wasps in the breeding box. After acclimating for about 2 days, add prey (cockroaches). If the prey species is uncertain, add several types of cockroaches (one for each species, no more than 4 species at a time). After determining the prey, control the number of prey to twice the number of female Blattodea wasps. Remove prey that has not been hunted for a long time or is in poor health in a timely manner and add new prey.

[0055] 2. Layout and daily management of the rearing environment for eggs, larvae and pupae of Blattodea

[0056] (1) Use a rectangular plastic box with a mesh on the top as a breeding box to raise the eggs, larvae, and pupae of the blattella. Use coconut soil mixed with small particles of vermiculite and perlite as the bedding material at the bottom, with a thickness of about 2-3 cm. Moisten it with clean water until no water flows out when squeezed by hand. Add water regularly according to the evaporation of water to keep it moist and keep the bedding from being too dry and light in color. The suitable temperature for the development of blattella eggs and larvae is 24℃-27℃, and the humidity is 30%-50%. Place it in a ventilated and dark environment.

[0057] (2) When the adult bee blocks the hole of the nest in the breeding box, it means that it has completed nesting and can be taken out for separate breeding. After taking out the nest together with the filler that blocks the hole, carefully take out the prey with eggs or larvae on the surface of the body and put it into a sterilized clean test tube or transparent plastic bottle that serves as an artificial nest to better observe and detect the health of the bee body. Be very careful when operating and do not knock off or injure the eggs or larvae. After the transfer is completed, put it in the breeding box and gently block the entrance of the container with bedding to prevent the prey from escaping and ensure ventilation.

[0058] (3) During the egg and larval stages, it is sufficient to ensure good temperature and humidity. No other operations are required except for daily observation of the growth of the larvae. Try to move and disturb them as little as possible.

[0059] (4) After the larvae have eaten all the prey, they will quickly spin a cocoon. Once the cocoon shell turns darker in color and completely hardens, the pupa can be taken out of the nest and placed directly on the surface of the bedding material to wait for it to hatch. Clean up the prey debris in time to avoid rotting or mildew. Be very careful when cleaning up the prey debris and do not damage the cocoon shell of the blattella.

[0060] (5) After the cocoon is formed, the Blattodea will emerge as a new adult in 35-40 days at 24℃-27℃. When the new adult's shell hardens and it can crawl freely in the box, it can be transferred to the adult breeding box for breeding.

[0061] 3. Mating of Adults and Indoor Population Management

[0062] (1) The unfertilized eggs of the roach wasp will grow into males, and the fertilized eggs will grow into females. They can mate after the adults emerge. After the female adults emerge, they can be immediately placed in adult breeding containers for breeding. When raising male and female wasps together, the best ratio is 1:2.

[0063] (2) Blattodea is a solitary bee species that can be raised in groups in larger spaces. Males generally do not attack each other, but when space is insufficient, females will attack each other more often, usually to grab prey, nests, food, etc. Therefore, the density of females in the same space must be controlled to prevent mutual attacks and casualties. Ampulex compressa For example, a space of 30*30*30 (cm) can generally accommodate only two female adults if there are sufficient prey and nests. However, some species of Blattodea that are smaller than 2 cm can accommodate up to four in the space if there are sufficient shelters, prey and nest tubes.

[0064] In April 2023, our team collected four female green cockroach mud wasps from Yiliang County, Kunming, Yunnan. Ampulex compressa (Fabricius, 1781) Natural population individuals, using artificially bred American cockroaches as prey, and raising them strictly according to this breeding method. The first generation of cockroach mud wasps in an artificial environment was bred, and the data of two generations of adults and the survival rate of the offspring were recorded. The following table data is a record of some of the survival conditions of the two generations of cockroach mud wasps.

[0065] As can be seen from Table 1, the survival rate of the offspring of the cockroach mud wasp raised using this method is high, reaching more than 95%.

[0066] Table 1. Egg laying volume and offspring survival rate of two generations of female adults in the laboratory

[0067]

[0068] Note: The table includes all female individuals from natural populations and artificial generation. A1-A4 represent female individuals from natural populations collected from the wild, and B1-B14 represent the first generation of female individuals that have emerged from artificial breeding.

[0069] As can be seen from Table 2, the adult Blattodea sphaerocephala raised using this method has a long lifespan, with an average lifespan of 106.6 days for females and 95.2 days for males, and an overall average lifespan of up to 100 days.

[0070] Table 2. Lifespan of the first generation of artificial adults in the laboratory (calculated from the day of emergence)

[0071]

[0072] Note: The table contains some female and male individuals in the artificial generation, A1-A10 represent females, and B1-B10 represent males.

[0073] This study invented a standardized artificial breeding model for Blatta mason wasps, which greatly improved the survival rate and reproductive efficiency of Blatta mason wasps in artificial environments. Ampulex compressa (Fabricius, 1781) It is easy to die in the larval or pupal stage, and the life span of adults is often no more than 50 days. However, after the standardized breeding method of this method, the living environment and development conditions of the green cockroach wasp have been greatly optimized and improved, and can be stably controlled. Ampulex compressa (Fabricius, 1781) has a reproductive success rate of over 95%, and the average lifespan of adults is around 100 days.

[0074] After that, the team continued to raise two species of blattella that had never been raised before, namely, the flat-lipped blattella collected from Yiliang, Kunming, Yunnan Ampulex clypecomplana Chen and Q. Li, 2010 and Aglajidae collected from Yunlian, Yibin, Sichuan Ampulex kurarensis Yasumatsu, 1936. Our team strictly followed this method and bred the two species of blattella in an artificial environment with a high success rate. We recorded their survival data and summarized their habits. Ampulex compressa (Fabricius, 1781) Similarities and differences between the green slug wasps.

[0075] The following table records some of the survival data and habit characteristics of the three species of roach mud wasps successfully raised by our team.

[0076] Table 3. Survival data and habit characteristics of three species of Blattodea

[0077] Types of Blattodea Average life span of adults (D) Average survival rate of offspring (%) Selection of prey Selection of nest tubes Green Blattodea 100.9 95.6% Older cockroach nymphs or adults The selection range is wide, transparent plastic nest tubes, stone caves, earth holes, bamboo tubes are all available. Flat-lipped Blattodea 94.6 98.5% Young nymphs of Periplaneta or adults and nymphs of sugarcane cockroaches Almost only bamboo tubes or reed tubes are chosen, and transparent plastic nest tubes are rarely chosen Blunttoothed Blattodea 109.4 94.5% Older cockroach nymphs or adults Mainly choose soil holes, wooden holes, bamboo tubes, and occasionally plastic nest tubes

[0078] As can be seen from Table 3, the three species of Blattodea that have different biological learning properties all have longer adult lifespans and higher offspring survival rates under the condition of strictly implementing this rearing method.

[0079] This research invention standardizes the artificial breeding mode of roach mud wasps, which can meet a series of different living conditions required by roach mud wasps with different biological learning characteristics, provide an environment that is easy for roach mud wasps to adapt to and stable, greatly reduce the difficulty of breeding work, and greatly improve the efficiency of future exploration and design of breeding methods for other species of roach mud wasps. It is of great significance for future exploration of the biological learning characteristics of different species of roach mud wasps and conducting in-depth research.

[0080] Alternative solutions that cannot be exhaustively described in the technical solution of the present invention:

[0081] 1. The container for raising adult Blattodea can be a mesh cage or a transparent container (acrylic or glass), which can be adjusted according to the needs of breeding (the mesh cage is easy to operate, and the transparent container is easy to observe).

[0082] 2. Blattodea mud wasp is more suitable for single female breeding. If conditions permit, it is best to breed a single female in a container.

[0083] 3. The nest tube can be improved further, allowing female insects to directly choose transparent containers to build nests. After the nest is built, it can be directly observed to avoid the problem of insect injuries during the transfer process.

[0084] 4. The breeding environment can be further standardized, such as regular disinfection of the breeding environment to ensure cleanliness and prevent disease infection.

[0085] 5. There will be a certain degree of difference in the size of individuals of the same species of roach mud wasps, and their hunting abilities for prey are also different. Therefore, do not give too large prey to small roach mud wasps. Generally, the body length should not exceed twice the size of the individual roach mud wasp.

[0086] 6. Different species of Blattagias will choose different cockroaches, so the types of prey should also be diverse. Collecting cockroaches in the same environment at the same place as collecting Blattagias can well obtain the preferred prey types of this species, avoiding the failure of artificial breeding due to unsuitable prey. At the same time, each cockroach should be properly raised before being put into the breeding container as prey to ensure its quality as prey. Healthy prey can also greatly improve the survival rate and quality of Blattagias offspring.

[0087] 7. The unfertilized eggs of the roach wasp will grow into males, and the fertilized eggs will grow into females. When the difference in the number of males and females is too large, the male-female ratio of the next generation can be controlled by controlling whether the females mate.

[0088] Innovative highlights of the present invention:

[0089] 1. Designed an environment suitable for the survival of different biological learning species of Blattodea;

[0090] 2. Provide a variety of nesting materials and prey for different types of blattella to choose from, reducing the problem of not hunting and not building nests due to differences in choice determined by habits;

[0091] 3. The quality of the living environment of the Blattodea wasp has been optimized, greatly reducing the impact of various adverse factors on the survival of the Blattodea wasp;

[0092] 4. The eggs, larvae and pupae of the roach wasp are raised in transparent visible containers, which provides great convenience for the recording of biological learning exploration and research of the roach wasp.

[0093] The above are only some specific embodiments of the present invention (since the present invention includes a numerical range, the embodiments cannot be exhaustive, and the protection scope recorded in the present invention includes the numerical range of the present invention and other technical key points). The specific content or common sense known in the scheme is not described in detail here (including but not limited to abbreviations, abbreviations, and units commonly used in the art). It should be pointed out that the above embodiments do not limit the present invention in any way. For those skilled in the art, all technical solutions obtained by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A feeding method suitable for artificial breeding and biological observation of Blattodea insects, characterized in that: The method comprises a method for rearing, breeding and biological observation of Blattodea sphaerocephala adults, comprising: 1) Set up a light-permeable and breathable square mesh box or glass box in a well-lit room or greenhouse as a breeding box container for adults of Blattodea; control the temperature to 24℃-27℃ and the humidity to 30%-50%; 2) Place 1-2 culture dishes with a diameter of 12-15 cm at the bottom of the breeding box container. Cover the outer wall of the culture dish with insect climbing paper and place a bedding material inside the culture dish. Moisten the bedding material with clean water until no water flows out when squeezed by hand. 3) Set up feeding and drinking points around the culture dish; The feeding point is provided with a bottle cap or a small culture dish, and a toilet paper ball soaked in light honey water is placed inside, which is changed once every 1-2 days; The drinking water point is provided with a bottle cap or a small culture dish, and a toilet paper ball soaked in clean water is placed inside. No mold or mildew occurs and no replacement is required. Water is added daily to keep the paper ball moist. 4) Place a small bundle of reed tubes or bamboo tubes or stones with holes or test tubes or plastic bottles in a petri dish with bedding as a shelter or a nest for the blattella to choose; after the blattella has completed the nesting, remove it and replace it with a new empty nest; 5) After arranging the environment, place the collected roach mud wasps into the breeding box. After 1-3 days of adaptation, add prey; the number of prey should be controlled within 2 times the number of female roach mud wasps. Prey that has not been hunted for a long time or is in poor health should be removed in time and new prey should be added.

2. A breeding method suitable for artificial breeding and biological observation of Blattodea insects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cushion material is composed of coconut soil, vermiculite and perlite; the weight ratio of coconut soil, vermiculite and perlite is 3:1:1; the depth of the cushion material is one half to three quarters of the depth of the culture dish.

3. A feeding method suitable for artificial breeding and biological observation of Blattodea insects according to claim 2, characterized in that: The size range of the vermiculite or perlite is: 0.3-0.8 cm in diameter.

4. A breeding method suitable for artificial breeding and biological observation of Blattodea insects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The toilet paper ball is made by cutting toilet paper without fragrance and preservative additives into strips with a width of 1 cm and rolling them into a ball.

5. A breeding method suitable for artificial breeding and biological observation of Blattodea insects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method includes a method for raising eggs, larvae and pupae of Blattodea sphaerocephala and for biological observation, comprising: 1) Set up a rectangular plastic box with a gauze mesh on the top as a breeding box for eggs, larvae and pupae of Blattodea; set a cushion material at the bottom of the breeding box, and moisten the cushion material with clean water until no water flows out when squeezed by hand; the environment should be ventilated and dark, with a temperature of 24℃-27℃ and a humidity of 30%-50%; 2) Take out the nests with blocked holes in the adult breeding box, then remove the stuffing that blocks the holes, take out the prey with eggs or larvae on the surface, and put them into a sterilized clean test tube or transparent plastic bottle that serves as an artificial nest; then place the clean test tube or transparent plastic bottle after the transfer in the breeding box, and then gently block the entrance of the container with cushioning material to prevent the prey from escaping and ensure ventilation; 3) Maintain temperature and humidity; no other operations are required except daily observation of the growth of the larvae; 4) After the larvae have eaten all the prey, they will quickly spin a cocoon. When the cocoon shell becomes darker in color and completely hardens, the pupa can be taken out of the nest and placed directly on the surface of the bedding material to wait for emergence; 5) After the cocoon is made, the Blattodea will emerge as a new adult in 35-40 days under the condition of 24℃-27℃. When the shell of the new adult hardens and it can crawl freely in the box, it can be transferred to the adult breeding box for breeding.

6. A breeding method suitable for artificial breeding and biological observation of Blattodea insects according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method comprises the raising and biological observation of eggs, larvae and pupae of the bladder mud wasp. In the raising method, after the larvae have eaten all the prey, the prey remains are cleaned up in time to avoid rotting and mildew, and the cocoon shell of the bladder mud wasp should not be damaged when cleaning the prey remains.

7. A breeding method suitable for artificial breeding and biological observation of Blattodea insects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method includes mating of adult insects and indoor population management methods, including: 1) Observe the pupae to be eclosing, and rear the eclosing adults in the following three modes: a. Mixed rearing of males and females; b. Mixed rearing of females and females; c. Mixed rearing of males and males; 2) The above-mentioned a mode and b mode are used as the main modes for reproducing offspring. The role of the two different modes is to control the ratio of males to females in the offspring; the c mode is the temporary rearing of male candidate individuals, which rears male insects that are not temporarily involved in the a mode rearing.

8. A breeding method suitable for artificial breeding and biological observation of Blattodea insects according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the mixed breeding mode of female and male insects, the ratio of the number of female and male adults is 1:

2.

9. A breeding method suitable for artificial breeding and biological observation of Blattodea insects according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the females are mixed, the density of the females is controlled to accommodate 2-4 female adults in a 30cm×30cm×30cm space under the condition that the number of prey and the number of nests are sufficient.

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