A dynamic load impact measurement method and device for oblique highway bridge

Abstract

The present invention discloses a dynamic load impact measurement method and device for an oblique highway bridge, and relates to the technical field of bridge impact testing. The method comprises a first reaction frame, a second reaction frame and a controller, wherein a support frame is arranged between the first reaction frame and the second reaction frame, and the support frame comprises two side plates, and two bottom connecting plates are fixed at the bottom between the two side plates. The present invention is provided with a first reaction frame, a second reaction frame, a support frame, a first dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder, a first pressure sensor, a side loading mechanism and a loading assembly, and before the impact test is performed, the axial pressure and radial pressure values ​​are maintained under pressure, and during the maintenance period, the axial pressure value and the radial pressure value at the corresponding angle are always maintained as the corresponding set values, so as to realize the dynamic adjustment of the axial load and the radial load, simulate the service state of the structure under real conditions, and obtain accurate impact resistance test data of the sample under the service state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bridge impact testing, and in particular to a method and a device for measuring dynamic load impact of an oblique highway bridge. Background Art

[0002] A skew highway bridge is a bridge structure that is specifically designed to handle traffic flow at highway intersections. Unlike straight bridges, the intersection angle of a skew bridge is not a right angle, but an oblique angle. This design can effectively solve the problem of intersections with heavy traffic, improve traffic efficiency, and reduce traffic conflicts.

[0003] After searching, the Chinese invention patent, publication number CN112763303A discloses a full strain rate dynamic and static combined loading multifunctional rock mechanics testing system and method. The device is used to apply full strain rate dynamic and static combined loads to the specimen, achieving the beneficial effect of accurately analyzing the physical and mechanical characteristics of compression, bending, shear, etc. of the surrounding rock of deep underground engineering under complex multi-phase and multi-field conditions.

[0004] For example, the Chinese invention patent, publication number CN110108571A discloses a test device and test method for combined dynamic and static loading. The device can apply three-dimensional static loads to the specimen. The three-dimensional static loads are adjustable in size and do not affect each other. The loading processes of static and dynamic loads also do not affect each other, simulating the real static and dynamic load environment of the rock and soil.

[0005] The existing technology and the existing bridge load impact device still have certain defects in practical applications: the existing technology and the existing bridge load impact device generally directly conduct impact tests after applying boundary loads, while the piers of the skew bridge are subjected to radial loads generated by wind loads in addition to the axial load of the bridge body. Therefore, the pier specimens are directly subjected to impact tests without being subjected to long-term axial and radial loads, which cannot simulate the service status of the structure under real conditions and cannot obtain accurate impact resistance test data of the specimens under service status. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a method and device for measuring dynamic load impact of an oblique highway bridge, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a dynamic load impact measuring device for an oblique highway bridge, comprising a first reaction frame, a second reaction frame and a controller, a support frame is arranged between the first reaction frame and the second reaction frame, the support frame comprises two side plates, two bottom connecting plates are fixed at the bottom between the two side plates, limiting grooves are arranged on opposite sides of the two bottom connecting plates, a movable plate is movably arranged between the two side plates, a limiting block is fixed at the bottom of the movable plate, and the limiting block is adapted to the limiting groove;

[0008] The specimen is located between two bottom connecting plates, and support blocks are fixed at both ends of the specimen. The support blocks are detachably connected to the side plates and the movable plate through connecting pieces;

[0009] A first dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the side plate body close to the movable plate, and a first pressure sensor is fixed on the side of the movable plate. During dynamic loading, the telescopic end of the first dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder is pressed against the side of the first pressure sensor.

[0010] A side loading mechanism is provided on the top of the support block close to one side of the movable plate;

[0011] The side loading mechanism includes two loading components, which are distributed on both sides of the specimen. In the initial state, the two loading components are parallel to each other, and the radial load on the top of the specimen in the service state is simulated by the two loading components.

[0012] A measuring piece is also arranged between the first reaction frame and the second reaction frame.

[0013] Furthermore, the measuring piece includes a base plate arranged at the bottom of the support frame, and a plurality of distance measuring sensors are fixed to the top of the base plate. The distance measuring sensors are located directly below the sample and are used to monitor the bending deformation of the sample during the loading and impact process.

[0014] Furthermore, the measuring member is a displacement sensor, which is fixed on one side of the movable plate and is used to monitor the displacement of the sample during the loading and impact process.

[0015] Furthermore, the side loading mechanism further comprises two side connecting frames, which are distributed on both sides of the sample, and the opposite sides of the two side connecting frames are fixed with pressure blocks;

[0016] After the two side connecting frames are fixed by the fixing pieces, the two pressing blocks are pressed against the two sides of the sample respectively;

[0017] A transverse support plate is fixed to the outer sides of the two side connecting frames, and the two loading assemblies are respectively located on the top of the transverse support plate;

[0018] A traction piece is arranged on the top of the two loading assemblies.

[0019] Furthermore, the sides of the two side connecting frames are respectively fixed with a first arc-shaped support plate and a second arc-shaped support plate, the middle parts of the first arc-shaped support plate and the second arc-shaped support plate are both provided with a through groove, an arc-shaped guide rod is fixed in the through groove, and a slider is movably inserted on the rod body of the arc-shaped guide rod;

[0020] A first tension spring and a second tension spring are fixed between the two sliding blocks and the first arc-shaped supporting plate and the second arc-shaped supporting plate respectively.

[0021] Furthermore, the loading assembly includes a support shaft, a support rod is fixed to the top end of the support shaft, a second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the bottom end of the slider, and a pressure plate is fixed to the telescopic end of the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder;

[0022] A plurality of plug rods are fixed on the top of the support rod, the plug rods are movably plugged with the pressure plate, and a second pressure sensor is fixed on the top of the support rod;

[0023] When the sliding block moves along the arc-shaped guide rod, the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder rotates around the central axis of the supporting shaft.

[0024] Furthermore, the traction member includes a middle pull rope, and two sides of the middle pull rope are respectively connected to the side surfaces of the two sliders;

[0025] A side pull rope is fixed to the side of one of the sliders, and the side pull rope is connected to a reel, and the reel is arranged on the side of the first arc-shaped support plate or the second arc-shaped support plate.

[0026] A method for measuring dynamic load impact of an oblique highway bridge comprises the following steps:

[0027] Step 1: Use a crane to hang the sample on the top of the bottom connecting plate, and fix the two sides of the sample to the side plates and the movable plate through connecting parts;

[0028] Step 2: Move the two side connecting frames to the two sides of the support block at the top of the sample, and fix the two side connecting frames by fixing parts. At this time, the pressing block presses the side of the sample, and then connects the two sides of the middle pull rope to the sides of the two sliders respectively;

[0029] Step 3: Control the first dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder to extend through the controller. The first pressure sensor generates a pressure change after being squeezed by the telescopic end of the first dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder. The pressure value is transmitted to the central control system in real time. When the pressure value reaches the axial set value, the controller controls the first dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder to stop extending.

[0030] Maintain the pressure for 12-24 days. During the pressure-maintaining period in this step, if the pressure of the first pressure sensor decreases, the controller controls the first dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder to extend, so that the pressure value of the first pressure sensor is always the axial set value, thereby realizing dynamic adjustment of the axial load;

[0031] Step 4: The controller controls the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder located at the right angle position θ1 to extend, and when the pressure value of the second pressure sensor reaches the radial setting value at the corresponding angle, the controller controls the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder to stop extending;

[0032] The pressure is maintained for 2-4 days, and the reel reels the side pull rope, and the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder is moved to the angle position. The pressure is maintained for 2-4 days, and the reel reels the side pull rope again, and the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder is moved to the angle position of θ3;

[0033] Step 5. After completing step 4, the controller controls the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder located at the left angular position of θ3 to extend, and the controller controls the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder located at the right angular position of θ3 to reset. When the pressure value of the second pressure sensor on the left reaches the radial setting value at the corresponding angle, the controller controls the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder on the left to stop extending.

[0034] After maintaining the pressure for 2-4 days, the reel unwinds the side rope and moves the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder on the left side to the θ2 angle position. After maintaining the pressure for 2-4 days, the reel unwinds the side rope again and moves the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder to the θ1 angle position.

[0035] During the pressure holding period of this step and step 4, if the pressure of the second pressure sensor decreases, the controller controls the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder to extend until the pressure value of the second pressure sensor reaches the radial setting value at the corresponding angle, thereby realizing dynamic adjustment of the radial load;

[0036] Step 6. Move one of the loading assemblies to any angular position among θ1, θ2 and θ3 on that side by retracting and releasing the reel. The controller controls the extension of the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder until the pressure value of the second pressure sensor reaches the radial set value at the corresponding angle. Finally, a vertical impact test is performed on the sample.

[0037] Furthermore, when conducting an impact test, the pressure values ​​of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor are transmitted to the central control system in real time. The central control system compares the pressure values ​​detected by the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor with the axial set value and the radial set value at the corresponding angle respectively. When a difference occurs, the controller controls the extension and retraction of the first dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder and the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder to adjust the pressure on the movable plate and the side of the sample to ensure constant pressure during the test.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] The dynamic load impact measurement method and device of the oblique highway bridge are provided with a first reaction frame, a second reaction frame, a support frame, a first dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder, a first pressure sensor, a side loading mechanism and a loading assembly. Before the impact test, the axial pressure and the radial pressure values ​​are maintained. During the pressure maintenance period, the axial pressure value and the radial pressure value at the corresponding angle are always maintained at the corresponding set values, so as to realize the dynamic adjustment of the axial load and the radial load, simulate the service state of the structure under the real situation, and obtain the accurate impact resistance test data of the sample under the service state.

[0040] At the same time, when conducting an impact test, the central control system compares the pressure values ​​detected by the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor with the radial set values ​​at the corresponding angles. When a difference occurs, the controller controls the extension and retraction of the first dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder and the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder to adjust the pressure on the movable plate and the side of the specimen to ensure constant pressure during the test, realize dynamic load loading and dynamic adjustment of the specimen during the impact process, and further improve the accurate impact resistance test data of the specimen under service status. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 It is a left side axial view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 It is a right side axial view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the support frame and the sample of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 A detailed diagram of the side loading mechanism of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 A half-section view of the side loading mechanism of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the movement angle of the loading assembly of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the force on the specimen under different wind pressures.

[0048] In the figure: 1, first reaction frame; 2, second reaction frame; 3, support frame; 301, side plate; 302, bottom connecting plate; 4, movable plate; 401, limit block; 5, specimen; 501, support block; 502, connecting piece; 6, first dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder; 601, first pressure sensor; 7, side loading mechanism; 701, side connecting frame; 702, fixing piece; 703, horizontal support plate; 704, pressing block; 801, first An arc-shaped support plate; 802, a second arc-shaped support plate; 803, an arc-shaped guide rod; 804, a first tension spring; 805, a second tension spring; 9, a loading assembly; 901, a support shaft; 902, a support rod; 903, a slider; 904, a second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder; 905, a second pressure sensor; 101, a middle pull rope; 102, a side pull rope; 103, a reel; 11, a bottom plate; 12, a distance measuring sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a dynamic load impact measuring device for an oblique highway bridge, comprising a first reaction frame 1, a second reaction frame 2 and a controller, a support frame 3 is arranged between the first reaction frame 1 and the second reaction frame 2, wherein the support frame 3 comprises two side plates 301, the two side plates 301 are respectively fixed to the side surfaces of the first reaction frame 1 and the second reaction frame 2, two bottom connecting plates 302 are fixed to the bottom between the two side plates 301, limiting grooves are provided on opposite sides of the two bottom connecting plates 302, the limiting grooves may be dovetail grooves or middle-shaped grooves, etc., a movable plate 4 is movably arranged between the two side plates 301, a limiting block 401 is fixed to the bottom of the movable plate 4, correspondingly, the limiting block 401 may be a dovetail block or a middle-shaped block, and the limiting block 401 is adapted to the limiting groove, so that the movable plate 4 can move laterally along the bottom connecting plate 302 through the limiting of the limiting groove.

[0051] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the sample 5 is placed horizontally between the two bottom connecting plates 302. It should be understood that in this solution, the sample 5 is a rectangular bridge pier, and support blocks 501 made of metal material are fixed at both ends of the sample 5 to ensure that the support blocks 501 still maintain good stability when the sample 5 is subjected to vertical impact. The support blocks 501 are detachably connected to the side plates 301 and the movable plate 4 through the connecting members 502. Specifically, in one embodiment of the present solution, the connecting member 502 is composed of a U-shaped steel plate, a vertical steel plate and a pin, and the U-shaped steel plate and the vertical steel plate are fixed by the pin.

[0052] like Figure 3 As shown, a first dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder 6 is fixed on the side plate 301 close to the side of the movable plate 4, and a first pressure sensor 601 is fixed on the side of the movable plate 4. During dynamic loading, the telescopic end of the first dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder 6 is squeezed against the side of the first pressure sensor 601, and the first pressure sensor 601 transmits the pressure value it receives to the central control system in real time. It should be understood that in other embodiments of the present scheme, the first pressure sensor 601 may not be used. The oil pressure of the first dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder 6 is detected by an oil pressure sensor arranged on the first dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder 6. The central control system converts the oil pressure value and the pressure value of the first dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder 6 to detect the squeezing force between the first dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder 6 and the movable plate 4. This is a prior art and will not be repeated in this scheme.

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, a side loading mechanism 7 is provided on the top of the support block 501 close to one side of the movable plate 4 .

[0054] Specifically, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the side loading mechanism 7 includes two loading assemblies 9, which are distributed on both sides of the sample 5. The two loading assemblies 9 simulate the radial load on the top of the sample 5 in the service state.

[0055] Among them, the side loading mechanism 7 also includes two side connecting frames 701, and the two side connecting frames 701 are distributed on both sides of the sample 5. Pressure blocks 704 are fixed on the opposite sides of the two side connecting frames 701. When the two side connecting frames 701 are fixed by the fixing members 702, the two pressure blocks 704 are respectively squeezed against the two sides of the sample 5. In this solution, the fixing members 702 can be stud bolts or other fasteners.

[0056] A transverse support plate 703 perpendicular to the side connecting frames 701 is fixed on the outside of the two side connecting frames 701, and the two loading assemblies 9 are respectively located on the top of the transverse support plate 703. A first arc support plate 801 and a second arc support plate 802 with equal arc diameters are respectively fixed on the sides of the two side connecting frames 701. A through groove is opened in the middle of the first arc support plate 801 and the second arc support plate 802, and an arc guide rod 803 is fixed in the through groove. A slider 903 is movably inserted on the rod body of the arc guide rod 803, that is, the slider 903 can move along the arc guide rod 803.

[0057] like Figure 5 As shown, the first tension spring 804 and the second tension spring 805 are fixed between the two sliders 903 and the first arc-shaped support plate 801 and the second arc-shaped support plate 802, respectively. In the initial state, under the tension of the first tension spring 804 and the second tension spring 805, the two loading components 9 are parallel to each other. Figure 6 As shown, at this time, the two loading assemblies 9 are located at the θ1 angle position. Through the force decomposition, it can be known that when the loading assembly 9 at the left θ1 angle position generates an extrusion force on the horizontal support plate 703 (the loading assembly 9 at the right θ1 angle position does not generate an extrusion force on the horizontal support plate 703 on this side), the sample 5 is subjected to an outward pulling force and a counterclockwise torsion force. Figure 7 Explanation: The stress state at this time is as follows Figure 7 In the diagram of "Anti-wind direction 2" in middle b, similarly, if the loading assembly 9 at the right angle θ1 position generates a squeezing force on the side transverse support plate 703 (the loading assembly 9 at the left angle θ1 position does not generate a squeezing force on the side transverse support plate 703), the specimen 5 is subjected to an inward squeezing force and a clockwise torsion force. The stress state at this time is as follows: Figure 7 In the schematic diagram a, "positive wind direction two", and so on, the stress conditions of different loading angles of the loading components 9 located at different positions will not be elaborated. In summary, this scheme can simulate the wind load on the sample 5 under different wind directions by adjusting the angle of the loading component 9.

[0058] In this scheme, θ1 and θ3 are the pressure application angles of the minimum torque applied to Sample 5, which are used to simulate the angle between the wind pressure and the bridge body when the wind pressure is applied obliquely on the bridge body and the bridge body is subjected to the minimum torque. θ2 is the pressure application angle of the maximum torque applied to Sample 5, which is used to simulate the wind pressure applied vertically on the bridge body and the bridge body is subjected to the maximum torque.

[0059] Among them, Figure 5As shown, the loading assembly 9 includes a support shaft 901, and an upwardly opening movable groove is provided on the top of the transverse support plate 703. The support shaft 901 is movably arranged in the movable groove. A support rod 902 is fixed to the top of the support shaft 901, and a second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder 904 is fixed to the bottom of the slider 903. A pressure plate is fixed to the telescopic end of the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder 904. When the slider 903 moves along the arc-shaped guide rod 803, the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder 904 rotates around the central axis of the support shaft 901. To ensure that the support rod 902 and the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder 904 still rotate synchronously through the slider 903 when the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder 904 is in a contracted state, a plurality of plug rods are fixed to the top of the support rod 902, and the plug rods are movably connected to the pressure plate. A second pressure sensor 905 is fixed to the top of the support rod 902. Similarly, the second pressure sensor 905 is replaced by arranging an oil pressure sensor on the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder 904.

[0060] A traction member is arranged on the top of the two loading assemblies 9, wherein the traction member includes a middle pull rope 101, and the two sides of the middle pull rope 101 are respectively connected to the sides of the two sliders 903, and a shrinkage disk is arranged in the middle of the middle pull rope 101. After the middle pull rope 101 is connected to the two sliders 903, the length of the middle pull rope 101 is adjusted by the shrinkage disk, so that the middle pull rope 101 remains in a taut state after installation. A side pull rope 102 is fixed to the side of one of the sliders 903, and the side pull rope 102 is connected to a reel 103. The reel 103 is arranged on the side of the first arc-shaped support plate 801 or the second arc-shaped support plate 802. The reel 103 reels and unreels the side pull rope 102, and drives the two sliders 903 to move in the same direction under the action of the reeling force.

[0061] In the solution, a measuring piece is further provided between the first reaction frame 1 and the second reaction frame 2 .

[0062] In one embodiment of the present scheme, the measuring part includes a base plate 11 arranged at the bottom of the support frame 3, and a plurality of distance measuring sensors 12 are fixed to the top of the base plate 11. The distance measuring sensors 12 are located directly below the sample 5 and are used to monitor the downward bending deformation of the plate body of the sample 5 during the loading and impact process.

[0063] In another embodiment of the present scheme, the measuring part is a displacement sensor, which is fixed on one side of the movable plate 4. During the loading and impact process of the sample 5, the plate body bends and deforms downward. Driven by the sample 5, the movable plate 4 will move, thereby monitoring the displacement of the sample 5 during the loading and impact process. Finally, the data detected by the ranging sensor 12 or the displacement sensor is transmitted to the central control system in real time, and the central control system analyzes the impact resistance of the sample 5 according to the preset model.

[0064] The dynamic load impact measurement method of the skew highway bridge includes the following steps:

[0065] Step 1: Use a crane to hang the sample 5 on the top of the bottom connecting plate 302, and fix the two sides of the sample 5 to the side plates 301 and the movable plate 4 through the connecting pieces 502;

[0066] Step 2: Move the two side connecting frames 701 to the two sides of the support block 501 at the top of the sample 5, and fix the two side connecting frames 701 through the fixing pieces 702. At this time, the pressing blocks 704 press the sides of the sample 5, and then connect the two sides of the middle pull rope 101 to the sides of the two sliders 903 respectively. Adjust the length of the middle pull rope 101 through the shrink disk set on the middle pull rope 101, so that the middle pull rope 101 remains taut after installation;

[0067] Step 3: The controller controls the first dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder 6 to extend, and the first pressure sensor 601 generates a pressure change after being squeezed by the telescopic end of the first dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder 6. The pressure value is transmitted to the central control system in real time. When the pressure value reaches the axial set value, the controller controls the first dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder 6 to stop extending;

[0068] Maintain the pressure for 12-24 days. During the pressure maintaining period in this step, if the pressure of the first pressure sensor 601 decreases, the controller controls the first dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder 6 to extend, so that the pressure value of the first pressure sensor 601 is always the axial set value, thereby realizing dynamic adjustment of the axial load;

[0069] Step 4: The controller controls the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder 904 located at the right angle θ1 to extend. When the pressure value of the second pressure sensor 905 reaches the radial setting value at the corresponding angle, the controller controls the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder 904 to stop extending.

[0070] After 2-4 days of pressure maintenance, the side pull rope 102 is reeled up by the reel 103, and the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder 904 on the right side is moved to the θ2 angle position. After 2-4 days of pressure maintenance, the side pull rope 102 is reeled up by the reel 103 again, and the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder 904 is moved to the θ3 angle position.

[0071] Step 5: After completing step 4, the controller controls the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder 904 at the left angular position θ3 to extend, and the controller controls the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder 904 at the right angular position θ3 to reset. When the pressure value of the left second pressure sensor 905 reaches the radial setting value at the corresponding angle, the controller controls the left second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder 904 to stop extending.

[0072] After maintaining the pressure for 2-4 days, the reel 103 unwinds the side rope 102 and moves the left second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder 904 to the θ2 angle position. After maintaining the pressure for 2-4 days, the reel 103 unwinds the side rope 102 again and moves the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder 904 to the θ1 angle position.

[0073] During the pressure holding period of this step and step 4, if the pressure of the second pressure sensor 905 decreases, the controller controls the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder 904 to extend until the pressure value of the second pressure sensor 905 reaches the radial setting value at the corresponding angle, thereby realizing dynamic adjustment of the radial load;

[0074] It should also be noted that the pressure values ​​of the horizontal support plate 703 at different angles are the maximum wind loads on the bridge body within a specific wind direction range, and the values ​​are calculated by those skilled in the art, such as Figure 7 As shown, for example, the specific wind direction range can be the angle range (p value) formed between "positive wind direction one" and "positive wind direction one and the perpendicular line of the bridge axis", at which time the bridge pier is subjected to outward pulling force and clockwise torsion.

[0075] Step six, by retracting and releasing the winder 103, one of the loading assemblies 9 is moved to any angular position among θ1, θ2 and θ3 on that side, and the controller controls the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder 904 to extend until the pressure value of the second pressure sensor 905 reaches the radial set value at the corresponding angle, and finally a vertical impact test is performed on the sample 5.

[0076] It should be understood that, in order to improve the test accuracy, six sets of impact measurement devices may be provided to perform impact tests on the sample 5 at different angles.

[0077] It should be noted that, when conducting an impact test, the pressure values ​​of the first pressure sensor 601 and the second pressure sensor 905 are transmitted to the central control system in real time. The central control system compares the pressure values ​​detected by the first pressure sensor 601 and the second pressure sensor 905 with the axial set value and the radial set value at the corresponding angle respectively. When a difference occurs, the controller controls the extension and retraction of the first dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder 6 and the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder 904 to adjust the pressure on the side of the movable plate 4 and the sample 5 to ensure the constant pressure during the test, realize dynamic load loading on the sample 5, simulate the service state of the structure under real conditions, and obtain accurate impact resistance test data of the sample under the service state.

[0078] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is limited by the attached embodiments and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A dynamic load impact measurement device for an oblique highway bridge, comprising a first reaction frame (1), a second reaction frame (2) and a controller, characterized in that: A support frame (3) is arranged between the first reaction frame (1) and the second reaction frame (2), the support frame (3) comprising two side plates (301), two bottom connecting plates (302) are fixed at the bottom between the two side plates (301), limiting grooves are provided on opposite sides of the two bottom connecting plates (302), a movable plate (4) is movably arranged between the two side plates (301), a limiting block (401) is fixed at the bottom of the movable plate (4), and the limiting block (401) is adapted to the limiting groove; The sample (5) is located between the two bottom connecting plates (302), and support blocks (501) are fixed to both ends of the sample (5), and the support blocks (501) are detachably connected to the side plates (301) and the movable plate (4) via connecting pieces (502); A first dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder (6) is fixed on the plate body of the side plate (301) close to the movable plate (4), and a first pressure sensor (601) is fixed on the side of the movable plate (4). During dynamic loading, the telescopic end of the first dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder (6) is pressed against the side of the first pressure sensor (601); A side loading mechanism (7) is provided on the top of the support block (501) close to one side of the movable plate (4); The side loading mechanism (7) comprises two loading assemblies (9), which are distributed on both sides of the specimen (5). In an initial state, the two loading assemblies (9) are parallel to each other, and the radial load on the top of the specimen (5) in a service state is simulated by the two loading assemblies (9); A measuring piece is also provided between the first reaction frame (1) and the second reaction frame (2); The side loading mechanism (7) further comprises two side connecting frames (701), the two side connecting frames (701) being distributed on both sides of the sample (5), and pressure blocks (704) being fixed on opposite sides of the two side connecting frames (701); After the two side connecting frames (701) are fixed by the fixing member (702), the two pressing blocks (704) are pressed against the two sides of the sample (5) respectively; A transverse support plate (703) is fixed to the outer sides of the two side connecting frames (701), and the two loading assemblies (9) are respectively located on the top of the transverse support plate (703); A traction member is provided on the top of the two loading assemblies (9); A first arc-shaped support plate (801) and a second arc-shaped support plate (802) are fixed to the sides of the two side connecting frames (701), and a through groove is provided in the middle of the first arc-shaped support plate (801) and the second arc-shaped support plate (802), and an arc-shaped guide rod (803) is fixed in the through groove, and a slider (903) is movably inserted into the rod body of the arc-shaped guide rod (803); A first tension spring (804) and a second tension spring (805) are fixed between the two sliding blocks (903) and the first arc-shaped support plate (801) and the second arc-shaped support plate (802) respectively; The loading assembly (9) comprises a support shaft (901), a support rod (902) is fixed to the top end of the support shaft (901), a second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder (904) is fixed to the bottom end of the slider (903), and a pressure plate is fixed to the telescopic end of the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder (904); A plurality of plug rods are fixed to the top of the support rod (902), the plug rods are movably plugged into the pressure plate, and a second pressure sensor (905) is fixed to the top of the support rod (902); When the slider (903) moves along the arc-shaped guide rod (803), the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder (904) rotates around the central axis of the support shaft (901); The traction member comprises a middle pull rope (101), and two sides of the middle pull rope (101) are respectively connected to the side surfaces of two sliders (903); A side pull rope (102) is fixed to the side of one of the sliders (903), and the side pull rope (102) is connected to a reel (103). The reel (103) is arranged on the side of the first arc-shaped support plate (801) or the second arc-shaped support plate (802).

2. The dynamic load impact measuring device for an oblique highway bridge according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The measuring member comprises a bottom plate (11) arranged at the bottom of the support frame (3), a plurality of distance measuring sensors (12) being fixed to the top of the bottom plate (11), the distance measuring sensors (12) being located directly below the sample (5) and being used to monitor the bending deformation of the sample (5) during the loading and impact process.

3. The dynamic load impact measuring device for an oblique highway bridge according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The measuring piece is a displacement sensor, which is fixed to one side of the movable plate (4) and is used to monitor the displacement of the sample (5) during the loading and impact process.

4. A method for measuring dynamic load impact of an oblique highway bridge, using the dynamic load impact measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Use a crane to hang the sample (5) on the top of the bottom connecting plate (302), and fix the two sides of the sample (5) to the side plates (301) and the movable plate (4) through the connecting pieces (502); Step 2: Move the two side connecting frames (701) to the two sides of the support block (501) at the top of the sample (5), and fix the two side connecting frames (701) by means of the fixing member (702). At this time, the pressing block (704) presses the side of the sample (5), and then connects the two sides of the middle pull rope (101) to the side of the two sliders (903) respectively; Step 3: Control the first dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder (6) to extend through the controller, and the first pressure sensor (601) generates a pressure change after being squeezed by the telescopic end of the first dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder (6), and the pressure value is transmitted to the central control system in real time. When the pressure value reaches the axial set value, the controller controls the first dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder (6) to stop extending; Maintaining the pressure for 12-24 days. During the pressure maintaining period in this step, if the pressure of the first pressure sensor (601) decreases, the controller controls the first dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder (6) to extend, so that the pressure value of the first pressure sensor (601) is always the axial set value, thereby realizing dynamic adjustment of the axial load; Step 4: The controller controls the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder (904) located at the right angle position θ1 to extend, and when the pressure value of the second pressure sensor (905) reaches the radial setting value at the corresponding angle, the controller controls the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder (904) to stop extending; After maintaining the pressure for 2-4 days, the reel (103) reels the side pull rope (102) and moves the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder (904) to the θ2 angle position. After maintaining the pressure for 2-4 days, the reel (103) reels the side pull rope (102) again and moves the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder (904) to the θ3 angle position. Step 5: After completing step 4, the controller controls the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder (904) located at the left angular position θ3 to extend, and the controller controls the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder (904) located at the right angular position θ3 to reset. When the pressure value of the left second pressure sensor (905) reaches the radial setting value at the corresponding angle, the controller controls the left second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder (904) to stop extending; After maintaining the pressure for 2-4 days, the reel (103) unwinds the side pull rope (102) and moves the left second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder (904) to the θ2 angle position. After maintaining the pressure for 2-4 days, the reel (103) unwinds the side pull rope (102) again and moves the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder (904) to the θ1 angle position. During the pressure holding period of this step and step 4, if the pressure of the second pressure sensor (905) decreases, the controller controls the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder (904) to extend until the pressure value of the second pressure sensor (905) reaches the radial setting value at the corresponding angle, thereby realizing dynamic adjustment of the radial load; Step 6: By retracting and extending the reel (103), one of the loading assemblies (9) is moved to any one of the angle positions θ1, θ2 and θ3 on one side of the corresponding loading assembly (9), and the controller controls the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder (904) to extend until the pressure value of the second pressure sensor (905) reaches the radial setting value at the corresponding angle, and finally a vertical impact test is performed on the sample (5).

5. The method for measuring dynamic load impact of an oblique highway bridge according to claim 4 is characterized in that: When performing an impact test, the pressure values ​​of the first pressure sensor (601) and the second pressure sensor (905) are transmitted to the central control system in real time. The central control system compares the pressure values ​​detected by the first pressure sensor (601) and the second pressure sensor (905) with the axial set value and the radial set value at the corresponding angle respectively. When a difference occurs, the controller controls the extension and retraction of the first dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder (6) and the second dynamic loading hydraulic cylinder (904) to adjust the pressure on the side of the movable plate (4) and the test specimen (5) to ensure that the pressure remains constant during the test.

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