A waveguide

Abstract

The present invention relates to a waveguide, comprising a first waveguide, a second waveguide, a dielectric window group and a partition assembly, wherein the dielectric window group is detachably arranged between the first waveguide and the second waveguide, the dielectric window group comprises a connecting cylinder, a storage cylinder, a rotating frame, a plurality of dielectric plates, a card slot and a plate entry drive and a plate withdrawal drive, the card slot is arranged at the bottom and the top of the connecting cylinder, the slot width of the card slot is adjustable, the rotating frame is installed in the storage cylinder, a plurality of storage slots are annularly distributed on the outer periphery of the rotating frame, the dielectric plates are movably arranged in the storage slots in a one-to-one correspondence, the plate entry drive is installed on the rotating frame, and is used to transport the dielectric plates from the storage slots to the card slots, the plate withdrawal drive is arranged in the card slots, and is used to withdraw the dielectric plates from the card slots to the storage slots, and the partition assembly is used to separate the connecting cylinder and the storage cylinder. The storage cylinder is used to store a plurality of dielectric plates, the dielectric plates can be automatically replaced, and are adapted to microwaves of different frequencies, when the dielectric plates are damaged, only the dielectric plates need to be replaced separately, and the overall sealing performance is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of waveguide technology, in particular to a waveguide. Background Art

[0002] In RF and microwave systems, waveguides are the highest-performance interconnects and passive components, mainly used to effectively transmit RF signal energy in a given frequency band. The main structure of the waveguide is a metal conductive material, which can handle extremely high power levels. It is often used in any RF microwave system that requires high-power transmission, such as radar equipment and satellite antennas. Connecting waveguides are mainly used to transmit and control microwave signals, and are responsible for connecting various functional modules together to form a complete working system. The wave-transmitting window is a key component of the high-power microwave waveguide transmission system. As the name suggests, it refers to a window that allows electromagnetic waves of a specific frequency (such as microwaves, radio waves, etc.) to pass through. It plays a vital role in determining the power tolerance, high-frequency characteristics and reliability of the microwave high-power system, as well as the system life. The significance of the wave-transmitting window is to allow high-power microwave energy to be transmitted through it as lossless and low-reflective as possible, and to ensure that the waveguide system and the accelerating tube are in a high vacuum working state. Application No. CN202110566995.8 discloses a waveguide window, which ensures vacuum sealing performance while realizing the detachable function of the circular waveguide and the rectangular waveguide, so that when the wave-transmitting medium is damaged by rupture, failure, etc., only the circular waveguide needs to be removed and replaced, without replacing the entire waveguide window, which has the advantages of reducing production costs and saving resources. However, its public design requires workers to manually disassemble and replace the entire circular waveguide, and then disassemble the wave-transmitting medium, which is complicated to operate and cannot realize automatic replacement, and there is room for further improvement. Summary of the invention

[0003] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a waveguide to address the above problems.

[0004] A waveguide comprises a first waveguide, a second waveguide, a dielectric window group and a partition assembly, wherein the dielectric window group is detachably arranged between the first waveguide and the second waveguide, the dielectric window group comprises a connecting tube, a storage tube, a rotating frame, a plurality of dielectric plates, a card slot and a plate entry drive and a plate retraction drive, the card slot is arranged at the bottom and the top of the connecting tube, the slot width of the card slot is adjustable, the rotating frame is installed in the storage tube, a plurality of storage slots are distributed on the periphery of the rotating frame, a plurality of dielectric plates are movably installed in the storage slots in a one-to-one correspondence, the plate entry drive is installed on the rotating frame, and is used to transport the dielectric plate from the storage slot to the card slot, the plate retraction drive is arranged in the card slot, and is used to retract the dielectric plate from the card slot to the storage slot, and the partition assembly is used to separate the connecting tube from the storage tube.

[0005] Preferably, the plate advancing drive and the plate retreating drive both include a driving motor, a driving gear and a plurality of driven gears, the bottom edge of the medium plate is a serrated edge, the driving gear and the plurality of driven gears are distributed side by side and spaced apart in the card slot and the storage tank, the output end of the driving motor is connected to the driving gear to drive the driving gear to rotate, and the serrated edge of the medium plate is meshed with the driving gear and the driven gear.

[0006] Preferably, the tank wall is provided with a rubber wheel, the rotation direction of the rubber wheel is in the same direction as the displacement direction of the medium plate, and the rubber wheel is in movably abutting contact with the plate surface of the medium plate.

[0007] Preferably, the card slot includes a bottom slot and a top slot, the plate retracting drive is arranged in the bottom slot, the slots of the bottom slot and the top slot are both provided with elastic clips, the elastic clip includes a spring tube and a rubber skirt, the spring tube is horizontally arranged on the inner side of the slots of the bottom slot and the top slot, the movable end of the spring tube is connected to the rubber skirt, and the rubber skirt abuts against the plate surface of the medium plate.

[0008] Preferably, the partition assembly includes an electric push rod, a partition body and a sleeve, the sleeve is installed on the connecting cylinder and connected thereto, the partition body is arranged in the sleeve, the output end of the electric push rod passes through the sleeve and is connected to the partition body, driving the partition body to move up and down to separate the connecting cylinder and the storage cylinder.

[0009] Preferably, the card slot also includes a side groove, a notch groove is provided on one side of the partition body facing the side groove, the notch cross-sections of the side groove and the notch groove are both V-shaped, and the front and rear ends of the dielectric plate match the side groove and the notch groove to be designed as a pointed cone.

[0010] Preferably, rubber strips are provided at both the front and rear ends of the medium plate.

[0011] Preferably, the ends of the first waveguide and the second waveguide connected to the connecting tube are both provided with antenna ridges.

[0012] Preferably, a step is provided at the connection between the first waveguide and the second waveguide and the connecting tube, and a sealing rubber ring is adhered to the step.

[0013] Preferably, the dielectric plate is an alumina ceramic sheet, a beryllium oxide ceramic sheet or a sapphire sheet.

[0014] The advantages of the present invention are that a plurality of dielectric plates are stored in a storage tube, and the dielectric plates are automatically replaceable, adapted to microwaves of different frequencies, and when a dielectric plate is damaged, only the dielectric plate needs to be replaced separately, thus achieving fully automated processing and good overall sealing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a waveguide according to one embodiment;

[0016] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a waveguide viewed from above;

[0017] Figure 3 for Figure 2 AA section view;

[0018] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of middle C part;

[0019] Figure 5 for Figure 2 BB-direction cross-sectional view;

[0020] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the rotating frame;

[0021] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the dielectric plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0023] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0024] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, a waveguide comprises a first waveguide 1, a second waveguide 2, a dielectric window group 3 and a partition assembly 4, wherein the dielectric window group 3 is detachably arranged between the first waveguide 1 and the second waveguide 2, the dielectric window group 3 comprises a connecting cylinder 31, a storage cylinder 32, a rotating frame 33, a plurality of dielectric plates 34, a card slot 35, a plate entry drive 36 and a plate retreat drive 37, the card slot 35 is arranged at the bottom and the top of the connecting cylinder 31, the slot width of the card slot 35 is adjustable, the rotating frame 33 is arranged Installed in the storage cylinder 32, the outer periphery of the rotating frame 33 is distributed with a plurality of storage slots 331, and a plurality of the dielectric plates 34 are movably installed in the storage slots 331 in a one-to-one correspondence, the plate feed drive 36 is installed on the rotating frame 33, and is used to transport the dielectric plate 34 from the storage slot 331 to the card slot 35, and the plate withdrawal drive 37 is arranged in the card slot 35, and is used to withdraw the dielectric plate 34 from the card slot 35 to the storage slot 331, and the partition assembly 4 is used to separate the connecting cylinder 31 and the storage cylinder 32. Specifically, in this embodiment, the first waveguide 1 and the second waveguide 2 are square cylinders, arranged on both sides of the dielectric window group 3, and can be connected by flanges with long bolts, which is convenient for disassembling the dielectric window group 3 for overall maintenance. The dielectric window group 3 includes a connecting tube 31, a storage tube 32, a rotating frame 33, a plurality of dielectric plates 34, a card slot 35, a plate entry drive 36 and a plate withdrawal drive 37. It can be understood that the connecting tube 31 is specifically arranged between the first waveguide 1 and the second waveguide 2, and the two are connected. The connecting tube 31 is a three-way design, and the side is connected to the storage tube 32, which is convenient for automatically replacing the dielectric plate 34, so that the dielectric plate 34 can freely enter and exit the connecting tube 31. The dielectric plate 34 can isolate the air and allow microwave power to pass through. The dielectric plate 34 can specifically be an alumina ceramic sheet, a beryllium oxide ceramic sheet or a sapphire sheet. The storage tube 32 is fixed to the side of the connecting tube 31 by welding or bolt connection, forming a T-shape. The storage tube 32 is hollow, which is convenient for installing the rotating frame 33 in the storage tube 32. The rotating frame 33 is suspended, so that it can rotate under external force. Specifically, a motor can be set outside the storage tube 32 to drive the rotating frame 33 to rotate. A number of storage tanks 331 are distributed on the periphery of the rotating rack 33, and a number of dielectric plates 34 of different thicknesses are installed in the storage tanks 331 one by one. When the microwave frequency in the waveguide needs to be changed or the dielectric plate 34 working in the connecting tube 31 is damaged, the dielectric plate 34 needs to be replaced accordingly. The thickness of the dielectric plate 34 is changed to ensure the transmittance of the dielectric window group. It is known that microwaves of different frequencies have an optimal dielectric thickness to maximize the transmittance. When the dielectric thickness deviates from this optimal value, the transmittance will decrease. This is because a thicker medium will increase the propagation path length of the electromagnetic wave in the medium, thereby increasing the absorption and reflection losses. In order to achieve the above technical effects, the slot width of the slot 35 designed by us is automatically adjustable, so as to match dielectric plates 34 of different thicknesses.The process of replacing the dielectric plate 34 is as follows. First, the rotating rack 33 rotates, and the storage tank 331 loaded with the dielectric plate 34 to be replaced is aligned with the card slot 35 and located on the same horizontal line. The plate feeding drive 36 is started to transport the dielectric plate 34 from the storage tank 331 to the card slot 35. The dielectric plate 34 can separate the first waveguide 1 and the second waveguide 2. When the dielectric plate 34 moves to the specified position, the partition component 4 is started, and its active end drops to separate the connecting tube 31 and the storage tube 32 to ensure the overall sealing of the waveguide. When the microwave frequency changes or the dielectric plate 34 in the working state is damaged, it is necessary to replace the dielectric plate 34 with a different material thickness. When replacing, first reset the partition component 4, reconnect the connecting tube 31 with the storage tube 32, start the plate withdrawal drive 37, withdraw the dielectric plate 34 located in the card slot 35, and reset it to the empty storage tank 331 corresponding to the rotating rack 33. The rotating rack 33 rotates again, so that the storage slot 331 is staggered with the card slot 35, and the storage slot 331 loaded with the dielectric plate 34 to be replaced is aligned with the card slot 35, and the plate feeding drive 36 is restarted. In this way, the dielectric plates 34 of different thicknesses can be automatically replaced without manual intervention, reducing the labor of workers. In addition, the design is to automatically adapt to microwaves of different frequencies, match dielectric plates 34 of different thicknesses and card slots 35 with adjustable slot widths, ensure that microwaves can be efficiently transmitted in the waveguide, and avoid reflection, scattering or attenuation of microwaves during transmission due to the large difference between the thickness of the dielectric plate 34 and the microwave wavelength, thereby reducing the transmission efficiency.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, the plate advance drive 36 and the plate retreat drive 37 both include a drive motor 361, a driving gear 362 and a plurality of driven gears 363. The bottom edge of the medium plate 34 is a serrated edge. The driving gear 362 and the plurality of driven gears 363 are arranged side by side and spaced apart in the card slot 35 and the storage tank 331. The output end of the drive motor 361 is connected to the driving gear 362 to drive the driving gear 362 to rotate. The serrated edge of the medium plate 34 is meshed with the driving gear 362 and the driven gear 363. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the driving motor 361 of the plate feed drive 36 is arranged outside the storage tank 331, and the output end is meshed with the driving gear 362 located in the storage tank 331, driving the driving gear 362 to rotate. When the medium plate 34 is placed in the storage tank 331, the serrated edge at the bottom of the medium plate 34 is meshed with the driving gear 362 and the driven gear 363, and a plurality of driven gears 363 assist the driving gear 362, so that the medium plate 34 remains in a horizontal state and does not tilt in the storage tank 331. The driving gear 362 rotates, which can drive the medium plate 34 to move in and out of the storage tank 331. The principle of the plate withdrawal drive 37 in the card slot 35 is the same, and will not be described in detail here. It can be understood that when the medium plate 34 is damaged, or the thickness of the medium plate 34 needs to be adjusted, the empty storage tank 331 is aligned with the card slot 35, and the plate withdrawal drive 37 is started, so that the medium plate 34 can be output from the card slot 35 to the storage tank 331. At the same time, it can be understood that when the plate retracting drive 37 rotates in the same direction as the plate advancing drive 36, it can assist the plate advancing drive 36 to input the medium plate 34 into the card slot 35, ensure the forward power of the medium plate 34, and ensure that the medium plate 34 moves to the specified position. Specifically, the position of the medium plate 34 can be detected by an infrared distance sensor.

[0027] like Figure 6 As shown, the wall of the storage tank 331 is provided with a rubber wheel 332, the rotation direction of the rubber wheel 332 is in the same direction as the displacement direction of the medium plate 34, and the rubber wheel 332 is in active contact with the plate surface of the medium plate 34. Specifically, in this embodiment, when a plurality of storage tanks 331 are loaded with medium plates 34, the rotating rack 33 fully loaded with medium plates 34 rotates, and some storage tanks 331 are oriented downward. In order to prevent the medium plates 34 from falling out of the storage tank 331 under the action of gravity, we set a rubber wheel 332 on the wall of the storage tank 331, and the rubber wheel 332 is in contact with the plate surface of the medium plate 34. The friction provided by the rubber wheel 332 can prevent the downward medium plate 34 of the storage tank 331 from falling out. In addition, the rotation direction of the rubber wheel 332 is in the same direction as the displacement direction of the medium plate 34, and the displacement resistance to the medium plate 34 is low, which does not affect the normal replacement of the medium plate 34.

[0028] like Figure 5As shown, the card slot 35 includes a bottom slot 351 and a top slot 352, the plate-retracting drive 37 is arranged in the bottom slot 351, and the slots of the bottom slot 351 and the top slot 352 are both provided with elastic clips 5, and the elastic clips 5 include a spring barrel 51 and a rubber skirt 52, the spring barrel 51 is horizontally arranged inside the slots of the bottom slot 351 and the top slot 352, the movable end of the spring barrel 51 is connected to the rubber skirt 52, and the rubber skirt 52 abuts against the plate surface of the medium plate 34. Specifically, the bottom slot 351 and the top slot 352 are arranged relative to each other, clamping the medium plate 34 from the upper and lower ends to prevent the medium plate 34 from deviating and tilting during the displacement process. The slot width of the bottom slot 351 and the top slot 352 is adjustable, which is specifically achieved by the elastic clip 5 provided in the slot. The elastic clip 5 includes a spring tube 51 and a rubber skirt 52. It can be understood that the two rows of elastic clips 5 are mirror-symmetrically provided in the slot of the card slot 35. When no dielectric plate 34 is inserted, the two rubber skirts 52 are closed under the spring force of the spring tube 51, thereby closing the slot of the card slot 35. When the dielectric plate 34 enters the card slot 35 from the storage tank 331, the spring tube 51 is squeezed by the dielectric plate 34 and retracts. When dielectric plates 34 of different thicknesses enter the card slot 35, the retraction amplitude of the spring tube 51 is inconsistent, thereby matching the dielectric plates 34 of different thicknesses. The existence of the rubber skirt 52 ensures the sealing between the card slot 35 and the dielectric plate 34.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the partition assembly 4 includes an electric push rod 41, a partition body 42 and a sleeve 43. The sleeve 43 is installed on the connecting tube 31 and communicated with it. The partition body 42 is arranged in the sleeve 43. The output end of the electric push rod 41 passes through the sleeve 43 and is connected to the partition body 42, driving the partition body 42 to move up and down to separate the connecting tube 31 and the storage tube 32. Specifically, in this embodiment, when the dielectric plate 34 moves into the card slot 35, in order to prevent the gas sealed in the waveguide from leaking into the storage tube 32, the partition assembly 4 is used for isolation. Specifically, the electric push rod 41 drives the partition body 42 to descend and move from the sleeve 43 to between the connecting tube 31 and the storage tube 32. At this time, the rear end of the dielectric plate 34 abuts against the plate surface of the partition body 42, forming a T shape. At this time, the dielectric plate 34 can isolate the first waveguide 1 and the second waveguide 2, play a good sealing role, and prevent the gas filled inside from leaking out.

[0030] like Figure 5 , 7As shown, the card slot 35 also includes a side groove 353, and a notch groove 421 is provided on the side of the partition body 42 facing the side groove 353. The cross-sections of the notches of the side groove 353 and the notch groove 421 are both V-shaped, and the front and rear ends of the medium plate 34 match the side groove 353 and the notch groove 421 and are designed to be pointed cones. Specifically, in order to enhance the sealing performance at the joints between the medium plate 34 and the partition body 42 and the side wall of the connecting tube 31, we design the two ends of the medium plate 34 to be pointed cones, and set side grooves 353 connected to the bottom groove 351 and the top groove 352 on the inner wall of the connecting tube 31. After the medium plate 34 enters the card groove 35, the front end of the medium plate 34 is embedded in the side groove 353, and the pointed cone-shaped front end cooperates with the side groove 353 with a V-shaped cross-section to increase the contact area and thereby enhance the sealing performance. The same is true for the notch groove 421 on the plate surface of the partition body 42. When the partition body 42 descends, it is embedded and locked with the rear end of the medium plate 34 to complete the partition.

[0031] like Figure 7 As shown, the front and rear ends of the medium plate 34 are both provided with rubber strips 341. After the pointed cones at the front and rear ends of the medium plate 34 are embedded in the side grooves 353 and the notch grooves 421, the rubber strips 341 are squeezed and deformed, thereby enhancing the sealing of the connection.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the first waveguide 1 and the second waveguide 2 are both provided with an antenna ridge 21 at one end connected to the connecting tube 31. Specifically, the antenna ridge 21 is used to converge the transmitted microwave power, so that the contact size of the high microwave power when passing through the dielectric plate 34 is correspondingly reduced, so that when the high microwave power is transmitted, the reflection of the high microwave power is reduced, and the loss of the high microwave power during the transmission process is reduced.

[0033] like Figure 4 As shown, a step platform 11 is provided at the connection between the first waveguide 1 and the second waveguide 2 and the connecting tube 31, and a sealing rubber ring 12 is adhered to the step platform 11 to enhance the sealing performance of the connection.

[0034] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A waveguide, characterized in that: It includes a first waveguide, a second waveguide, a dielectric window group and a partition assembly, wherein the dielectric window group is detachably arranged between the first waveguide and the second waveguide, and the dielectric window group includes a connecting tube, a storage tube, a rotating frame, a plurality of dielectric plates, a card slot, a plate entry drive and a plate retraction drive, wherein the card slot is arranged at the bottom and the top of the connecting tube, and the slot width of the card slot is adjustable, the rotating frame is installed in the storage tube, and a plurality of storage slots are distributed on the periphery of the rotating frame, and a plurality of dielectric plates are movably installed in the storage slots in a one-to-one correspondence, the plate entry drive is installed on the rotating frame, and is used to transport the dielectric plate from the storage slot to the card slot, and the plate retraction drive is arranged in the card slot, and is used to retract the dielectric plate from the card slot to the storage slot, and the partition assembly is used to separate the connecting tube from the storage tube.

2. A waveguide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plate advancing drive and the plate retreating drive both include a driving motor, a driving gear and a plurality of driven gears. The bottom edge of the medium plate is a serrated edge. The driving gear and the plurality of driven gears are arranged side by side and spaced apart in the card slot and the storage tank. The output end of the driving motor is connected to the driving gear to drive the driving gear to rotate. The serrated edge of the medium plate is meshed with the driving gear and the driven gear.

3. A waveguide according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tank wall is provided with a rubber wheel, the rotation direction of the rubber wheel is in the same direction as the displacement direction of the medium plate, and the rubber wheel is in active contact with the plate surface of the medium plate.

4. A waveguide as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The card slot includes a bottom slot and a top slot, the plate withdrawal drive is arranged in the bottom slot, the slots of the bottom slot and the top slot are both provided with elastic clips, the elastic clip includes a spring tube and a rubber skirt, the spring tube is horizontally arranged on the inner side of the slots of the bottom slot and the top slot, the movable end of the spring tube is connected to the rubber skirt, and the rubber skirt abuts against the plate surface of the medium plate.

5. A waveguide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partition assembly includes an electric push rod, a partition body and a sleeve. The sleeve is installed on the connecting cylinder and is connected with the connecting cylinder. The partition body is arranged in the sleeve. The output end of the electric push rod passes through the sleeve and is connected to the partition body to drive the partition body to move up and down to separate the connecting cylinder and the storage cylinder.

6. A waveguide according to claim 5, characterized in that: The card slot also includes a side groove, and a notch groove is provided on one side of the partition body facing the side groove. The notch cross-sections of the side groove and the notch groove are both V-shaped, and the front and rear ends of the dielectric plate match the side groove and the notch groove to be designed as a pointed cone.

7. A waveguide according to claim 6, characterized in that: The front and rear ends of the medium plate are both provided with rubber strips.

8. A waveguide as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: An antenna ridge is disposed at one end of the first waveguide and the second waveguide connected to the connecting tube.

9. A waveguide as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A step platform is arranged at the connection between the first waveguide, the second waveguide and the connecting tube, and a sealing rubber ring is adhered to the step platform.

10. A waveguide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dielectric plate is an alumina ceramic sheet, a beryllium oxide ceramic sheet or a sapphire sheet.

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