A cooling structure and manufacturing method for rotating parts of a numerical control machine tool

Abstract

A cooling structure and manufacturing method for a rotating part of a numerically controlled machine tool, comprising a carbon fiber shell, a metal liner and an electrode, wherein the carbon fiber shell is arranged outside the metal liner, and the carbon fiber shell is connected to the metal liner through a plurality of spiral bosses, and the plurality of spiral bosses are distributed outside the metal liner with a specific pitch, and a spiral cooling channel is formed by the metal liner, the spiral bosses and the carbon fiber shell, and a coolant is passed into the spiral cooling channel. The present invention provides a cooling structure and manufacturing method for a rotating part of a numerically controlled machine tool, so that the cooling structure is integrated into a carbon fiber composite material, which can greatly reduce the weight of the structure and reduce the thermal deformation of the structure; in addition, the present invention can realize in-situ real-time monitoring of the thermal deformation of the structure based on the mechanical resistance characteristics of carbon fiber (change of resistance with strain), without the need for additional sensors, and can reduce costs and complexity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical heat exchange cooling, and in particular to a cooling structure and a manufacturing method of a rotating part of a numerically controlled machine tool. Background Art

[0002] The rotating parts such as the spindle and turntable are the key parts and structures of CNC machine tools, and their performance directly affects the machining accuracy of the whole machine of CNC machine tools. However, due to the built-in motor and closed shell of the electric spindle, the heat generated by the power loss of the motor and the heat generated by the friction of the front and rear bearings cannot be discharged in time, resulting in a complex temperature field inside the electric spindle and serious thermal deformation. According to statistics, in precision machining, the proportion of machining errors caused by thermal deformation is as high as about 40%-70%, and the more precise the machine tool, the higher the proportion of thermal errors. The rotating parts such as the spindle and turntable will inevitably generate heat during the working process. How to reduce the machining errors caused by thermal deformation is a hot issue that academia and industry continue to pay attention to. The application of new materials and innovative structural design are the key breakthroughs to solve the above problems. Carbon fiber composite materials have high strength, high modulus, high thermal stability and force resistance characteristics. Applying them to cooling structures such as spindles and turntables and combining them with innovative structural design is expected to improve the thermal stability of rotating parts for CNC machine tools, thereby improving the final machining accuracy of the machine tools. Summary of the invention

[0003] Technical issues to be solved

[0004] In view of this, the embodiments of the present specification provide a cooling structure and a manufacturing method for a rotating part of a CNC machine tool that has good thermal stability and can improve machining accuracy.

[0005] Technical Solution

[0006] In order to solve the technical problem, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a cooling structure for a rotating part of a CNC machine tool, comprising a carbon fiber shell, a metal lining and an electrode, the carbon fiber shell being arranged on the outside of the metal lining, the carbon fiber shell being connected to the metal lining through a plurality of spiral bosses, the plurality of spiral bosses being distributed on the outside of the metal lining with a specific pitch, a spiral cooling channel being formed by the metal lining, the spiral bosses and the carbon fiber shell, and a coolant being passed into the spiral cooling channel.

[0007] In some embodiments, an electrode is connected to the spiral boss, the spiral boss and the electrode are made of the same carbon fiber composite material, and the electrode is connected to the same layer of carbon fiber composite material on the spiral boss.

[0008] A method for manufacturing a cooling structure of a rotating part of a numerically controlled machine tool comprises the following steps: S1, designing a metal lining structure according to an application object and completing mechanical processing; S2, using finite element analysis software to design the width, height, pitch of a spiral boss and the thickness of a carbon fiber shell according to heat dissipation and cooling requirements and structural strength requirements; S3, designing the structure according to step S2, laying a carbon fiber composite material of a specific width on the outside of the metal lining according to a specific path; S4, grinding the beginning and end of the carbon fiber composite material of the spiral boss in step S2 to remove the surface resin, so that the carbon fiber S5, fix the positive and negative electrodes of the electrode to the beginning and end of the carbon fiber composite material of the spiral boss that has been polished in step S4 with conductive silver glue respectively; S6, after the conductive silver glue in step S5 is solidified, repeat step S3 until the laying of the carbon fiber composite material of the spiral boss is completed; S7, on the outside of the spiral boss in step S6, complete the laying of the carbon fiber composite material according to the thickness of the carbon fiber shell designed in step S2; S8, assemble the manufactured cooling structure with the cooling object, connect the positive and negative electrodes of the electrode to the resistor, and connect the coolant inlet and outlet to the coolant tank pipeline.

[0009] In some embodiments, step S3 requires roughening the surface of the metal liner before laying the carbon fiber composite material.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first layer of carbon fiber composite material of the spiral boss in step S3 is a carbon fiber composite material with a higher resin content, the resin content is not less than 40%, and the width of the carbon fiber composite material of the spiral boss is consistent with the width of the spiral boss.

[0011] In some embodiments, the width of the carbon fiber composite material of the carbon fiber shell in step S7 is consistent with the length of the metal liner.

[0012] In some embodiments, the spiral boss and the carbon fiber shell are both carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone prepreg tapes of different widths; the thickness of the carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone prepreg tapes is between 0.15 mm and 0.25 mm.

[0013] In some embodiments, step S3, step S6 and step S7 heat the carbon fiber composite material by a heating device during the laying process.

[0014] In some embodiments, the heating device is a laser, and the laser heating temperature is controlled to be between 400-450°C.

[0015] Beneficial Effects

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: the present invention incorporates carbon fiber composite materials, which can greatly reduce the weight of the structure, reduce the thermal deformation of the structure, and improve thermal stability and processing accuracy; in addition, the present invention can realize in-situ real-time monitoring of structural thermal deformation based on the mechanical resistance characteristics of carbon fiber (change in resistance with strain), without the need for additional sensors, which can reduce costs and complexity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the cooling structure of the rotating part of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 A method flow chart of a method for manufacturing a cooling structure for a rotating component according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the electric spindle for CNC machine tools of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cooling structure of the electric spindle for a CNC machine tool of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 The present invention is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing an electric spindle cooling structure for a numerically controlled machine tool.

[0023] In the figure: 1. Carbon fiber shell; 2. Spiral boss; 3. Metal lining; 4. Electrode; 5. Resistance meter; 6. Spiral cooling channel; 7. Stator; 8. Bearing; 9. Main shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present application is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] The following describes the implementation methods of the present application through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the contents disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The present application can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementation methods, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present application. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0026] It should be noted that various aspects of the embodiments within the scope of the appended claims are described below. It should be apparent that the aspects described herein can be embodied in a wide variety of forms, and any specific structure and / or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on the present application, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that an aspect described herein can be implemented independently of any other aspect, and two or more of these aspects can be combined in various ways. For example, any number and aspect described herein can be used to implement the device and / or practice the method. In addition, other structures and / or functionalities other than one or more of the aspects described herein can be used to implement this device and / or practice this method.

[0027] It should also be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present application. The illustrations only show the components related to the present application rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity and proportion of each component may be changed at will, and the component layout may also be more complicated.

[0028] Additionally, in the following description, specific details are provided to facilitate a thorough understanding of the examples. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the examples can be practiced without these specific details.

[0029] The technical solutions provided by various embodiments of the present application are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] See also Figure 1-2 In this embodiment: a cooling structure for a rotating part of a CNC machine tool comprises a carbon fiber shell 1, a metal lining 3 and an electrode 4, the carbon fiber shell 1 is arranged on the outside of the metal lining 3, the carbon fiber shell 1 is connected to the metal lining 3 through a plurality of spiral bosses 2, and the plurality of spiral bosses 2 are distributed on the outside of the metal lining 3 with a specific pitch, a spiral cooling channel 6 is formed by the metal lining 3, the spiral boss 2 and the carbon fiber shell 1, and a coolant is passed into the spiral cooling channel 6.

[0031] An electrode 4 is connected to the spiral boss 2. The spiral boss 2 and the electrode 4 are made of the same carbon fiber composite material. The electrode 4 is connected to the same layer of carbon fiber composite material on the spiral boss 2. The positive and negative poles of the electrode 4 are connected to an external resistor 5. The resistor 5 monitors the change of resistance value in real time to obtain the thermal deformation of the cooling structure.

[0032] In order to achieve a good connection between the spiral boss 2 and the carbon fiber shell 1, the spiral boss 2 and the carbon fiber shell 1 are made of the same composite material. There are many types of carbon fiber composite materials, which can be thermosetting composite materials represented by epoxy resin-based carbon fiber composite materials, or thermoplastic composite materials represented by polyetheretherketone resin-based carbon fiber composite materials. Considering the characteristics of environmental protection, recyclability, high temperature resistance, etc., the preferred carbon fiber composite material is polyetheretherketone resin-based carbon fiber composite material (CF / PEEK).

[0033] The spiral boss 2 and the metal liner 3 can be connected by a variety of forming processes, including but not limited to fiber winding forming, automatic fiber placement forming, manual winding + hot pressing forming, etc.

[0034] A method for manufacturing a cooling structure of a rotating part of a numerically controlled machine tool comprises the following steps: S1, designing a metal liner 3 structure according to an application object and completing mechanical processing; S2, using finite element analysis software to design the width, height, pitch of a spiral boss 2 and the thickness of a carbon fiber shell 1 according to heat dissipation and cooling requirements and structural strength requirements; S3, designing the structure according to step S2, laying a carbon fiber composite material of a specific width on the outside of the metal liner 3 according to a specific path; S4, grinding the beginning and end of the carbon fiber composite material of the spiral boss 2 in step S2 to remove the surface resin, so that the carbon fiber is bare Expose; S5, fix the positive and negative electrodes 4 of the electrode 4 to the beginning and end of the carbon fiber composite material of the spiral boss 2 that has been polished in step S4 with conductive silver glue respectively; S6, after the conductive silver glue in step S5 is solidified, repeat step S3 until the laying of the carbon fiber composite material of the spiral boss 2 is completed; S7, on the outside of the spiral boss 2 in step S6, complete the laying of the carbon fiber composite material according to the thickness of the carbon fiber shell 1 designed in step S2; S8, assemble the manufactured cooling structure with the cooling object, connect the positive and negative electrodes 4 of the electrode 4 with the resistor 5, and connect the coolant inlet and outlet with the coolant tank pipeline.

[0035] In some embodiments, step S3 requires increasing the roughness of the surface of the metal liner 3 before laying the carbon fiber composite material, including but not limited to increasing the roughness by polishing to improve the inlay bonding performance of the carbon fiber composite material and the metal liner 3.

[0036] In some embodiments, the first layer of carbon fiber composite material of the spiral boss 2 in step S3 is a carbon fiber composite material with a higher resin content, the resin content is not less than 40%, and the width of the carbon fiber composite material of the spiral boss 2 is consistent with the width of the spiral boss 2.

[0037] In some embodiments, in step S7 , the width of the carbon fiber composite material of the carbon fiber shell 1 is consistent with the length of the metal liner 3 .

[0038] In some embodiments, the spiral boss 2 and the carbon fiber shell 1 are both carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone prepreg tapes of different widths; in order to ensure the heating and melting effect, the thickness of the carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone prepreg tapes is between 0.15 mm and 0.25 mm.

[0039] In some embodiments, in step S3, step S6 and step S7, the carbon fiber composite material is heated by a heating device during the laying process, and the heating device includes but is not limited to a hot air gun, a laser, etc.

[0040] In some embodiments, when the heating device is a laser, the laser heating temperature is controlled to be between 400-450°C.

[0041] See also Figure 3-5 The electric spindle structure of a CNC machine tool using the cooling structure of the present invention is shown. The electric spindle 9 of the CNC machine tool includes a stator 7, a bearing 8 and a spindle 9. The manufacturing process thereof includes the following steps:

[0042] D1. Design and processing of metal lining 3: Design and process the metal lining 3 structure of the spindle 9 for CNC machine tools according to the needs;

[0043] D2. Cooling structure design: According to the requirements of heat dissipation and cooling and structural strength, the width w, height t, pitch d of the spiral boss 2, and the thickness h of the carbon fiber shell 1 are designed using finite element analysis software;

[0044] D3, path planning: perform path planning for laying spiral boss 2 and generate control code;

[0045] D4, surface treatment of metal lining 3: according to the path of spiral boss 2, the surface of metal lining 3 is polished by polishing method, and the width w and depth of polishing spiral track are controlled within 0.10-0.15 mm;

[0046] D5. Lay the first layer of spiral boss 2. Use laser in-situ curing technology to lay the CF / PEEK carbon fiber composite material prepreg tape with a width of w and a resin content of 45% on the outside of the metal liner 3 according to the planned path. The laying trajectory is consistent with the polishing trajectory.

[0047] D6, laying the second layer to the ni layer spiral boss 2, using laser in-situ curing technology to continue laying the CF / PEEK carbon fiber composite material prepreg tape with a width of w and a resin content of 30% on the first layer layer by layer according to the planned path;

[0048] D7, adding electrodes 4: grinding the beginning and end of the ni-th layer of spiral boss 2 until the carbon fiber is exposed, and fixing the positive and negative electrodes 4 on the beginning and end of the polished spiral boss 2 carbon fiber composite material with conductive silver glue;

[0049] D8. Laying the ni+1 to n layers of spiral boss 2: After the conductive silver glue solidifies, the laser in-situ curing technology is used to continue laying the CF / PEEK carbon fiber composite material prepreg tape with a width of w and a resin content of 30% on the ni layer layer by layer according to the planned path until the laying of the carbon fiber composite material of the spiral boss 2 is completed;

[0050] D9, laying of carbon fiber shell 1: using laser in-situ curing technology, lay a CF / PEEK carbon fiber composite material prepreg tape with a width of l and a resin content of 30% on the outside of the spiral boss 2 according to the planned path, and control the thickness to be h;

[0051] D10. Application assembly: Assemble the manufactured cooling structure with other components of the cooling electric spindle 9, connect the positive and negative electrodes 4 with the resistor 5, and connect the coolant inlet and outlet with the coolant tank pipeline.

[0052] The same and similar parts between the various embodiments in this specification can be referenced to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0053] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A cooling structure for a rotating part of a CNC machine tool, characterized in that: The invention comprises a carbon fiber shell (1), a metal liner (3) and an electrode (4), wherein the carbon fiber shell (1) is arranged on the outside of the metal liner (3), the carbon fiber shell (1) is connected to the metal liner (3) via a plurality of spiral bosses (2), the plurality of spiral bosses (2) are distributed on the outside of the metal liner (3) with a specific pitch, and a spiral cooling channel (6) is formed by the metal liner (3), the spiral bosses (2) and the carbon fiber shell (1), and a coolant is passed into the spiral cooling channel (6); The spiral boss (2) is connected to an electrode (4), the spiral boss (2) and the electrode (4) are made of the same carbon fiber composite material, and the electrode (4) is connected to the same layer of carbon fiber composite material on the spiral boss (2); The manufacturing method of the cooling structure comprises the following steps: S1, designing the metal lining (3) structure according to the application object and completing the mechanical processing; S2. According to the requirements of heat dissipation and cooling and structural strength, the width, height, pitch of the spiral boss (2) and the thickness of the carbon fiber shell (1) are designed using finite element analysis software; S3. According to the design structure of step S2, a carbon fiber composite material of a specific width is laid on the outside of the metal lining (3) according to a specific path; S4. According to step S2, the beginning and end of the carbon fiber composite material of the spiral boss (2) are polished to remove the surface resin and expose the carbon fiber; S5. The positive and negative electrodes (4) of the electrode (4) are respectively fixed on the surface of the electrode (4) in step S4 with conductive silver glue. The carbon fiber composite material of the spiral boss (2) has been polished at its beginning and end; S6, after the conductive silver paste in step S5 is solidified, repeat step S3 until the carbon fiber composite material of the spiral boss (2) is laid out; S7, in step S6, the carbon fiber composite material is laid out on the outside of the spiral boss (2) according to the thickness of the carbon fiber shell (1) designed in step S2; S8, assembling the manufactured cooling structure with the cooling object, connecting the positive and negative electrodes (4) of the electrode (4) with the resistor (5), and connecting the coolant inlet and outlet with the coolant tank pipeline; The spiral boss (2) and the carbon fiber shell (1) are both carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone prepreg tapes of different widths; in order to ensure the heating and melting effect, the thickness of the carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone prepreg tapes is between 0.15 mm and 0.25 mm.

2. The method for manufacturing a cooling structure of a rotating part of a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the surface of the metal liner (3) needs to be subjected to a treatment to increase the roughness before laying the carbon fiber composite material.

3. The method for manufacturing a cooling structure of a rotating part of a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first layer of carbon fiber composite material of the spiral boss (2) in step S3 is a carbon fiber composite material with a higher resin content, the resin content is not less than 40%, and the width of the carbon fiber composite material of the spiral boss (2) is consistent with the width of the spiral boss (2).

4. The method for manufacturing a cooling structure of a rotating part of a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S7, the width of the carbon fiber composite material of the carbon fiber shell (1) is consistent with the length of the metal liner (3).

5. The method for manufacturing a cooling structure of a rotating part of a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, step S6 and step S7, the carbon fiber composite material is heated by a heating device during the laying process.

6. The method for manufacturing a cooling structure of a rotating part of a CNC machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heating device is a laser, and the heating temperature of the laser is controlled to be between 400-450°C.

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