Endoscope scalpel capable of adjusting length and angle of scalpel head and use method of endoscope scalpel

Abstract

The invention discloses an endoscope scalpel capable of adjusting the length and angle of a scalpel head and a use method of the endoscope scalpel. The scalpel comprises a main shell, a scalpel head located at the front end of the main shell, an extension degree adjusting unit arranged in the main shell and used for controlling and adjusting the extension length of the scalpel head, a scalpel angle adjusting unit arranged in the main shell and used for controlling and adjusting the rotation angle of the scalpel head, and a handle arranged at the tail of the main shell. According to the scalpel, the scalpel head extending amount control assembly and the scalpel head rotating amount control assembly are integrated, control of the scalpel head extending amount control assembly and control of the scalpel head rotating amount control assembly are mutually independent and not mutually restricted, and therefore the operation flexibility of the scalpel is greatly improved, the extending length of the scalpel head can be adjusted according to the requirements of different tissue cutting depths, and the situation that cutting is too deep or too shallow can be effectively avoided; in addition, the bending angle of the tool bit can be adjusted according to needs so as to meet the cutting requirements of different parts; in addition, the electrode is added and converted into a monopole electrotome for use, so that more endoscopic surgery cutting requirements are met, and the functional diversity of the scalpel is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of laparoscopic scalpels, and more specifically, relates to a laparoscopic scalpel with adjustable blade length and angle and a method for using the laparoscopic scalpel. Background Art

[0002] During laparoscopic (such as laparoscopy, thoracoscopy, hysteroscopy, etc.) surgery, electric knives or ultrasonic knives are often used to cut tissues. However, in some special cases, cold blades are still needed for fine cutting operations, such as ureterotomy, common bile duct incision, pyloric myotomy for hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, and incision of the surface capsule of ovarian cysts. When using cold blades for tissue cutting operations, laparoscopic surgery is more difficult than traditional open surgery. On the one hand, it is not easy to control the cutting depth when using cold blades under laparoscopy, and it is easy to cut too deep or too shallow. For example, when cutting the ureter or common bile duct, only about 1-2 mm deep is needed, when cutting the pyloric myotomy for hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, only about 3-4 mm deep is needed, and when cutting the surface capsule of ovarian cysts, only 0.5-1 mm deep may be needed. Cutting too deep or too shallow will increase the difficulty and risk of surgery. On the other hand, a completely straight blade is not conducive to cutting under laparoscopy, especially when the position of the tissue or organ to be cut is not good. A completely straight blade is difficult to cut, and an angled blade head is more conducive to cutting. In some cases, a sickle-shaped scalpel is more conducive to cutting, such as during hysteroscopic surgery.

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, Chinese invention patent CN104042323B discloses a low-temperature cold knife for laparoscopic surgery, specifically a surgical low-temperature cold knife used in the abdominal cavity during laparoscopic surgery. The common disadvantage of the currently used electric surgical instruments is that the high-frequency discharge of electrical energy into thermal energy will cause thermal damage to the surgical wound tissue, which is not conducive to the healing of the surgical wound and subsequent pregnancy. The present invention provides a low-temperature cold knife for laparoscopic surgery, which is composed of a knife rod telescopic guide system, an automatic reset rebound system, a control and grading system, a radial rotation prevention system, a blood and water cleaning and recovery system, and a blade low-temperature cooling system. By adjusting the telescopic knife rod 18, the surgical blade 10 is respectively in the three states of loading and unloading, working and protection positions, so that the blade is hidden when entering the abdominal cavity to prevent accidental injury; in addition, Chinese utility model patent CN211609977U discloses a multi-gear sickle scalpel for hysteroscopy, the scalpel comprises an outer set (1), an inner set (2), a cutter head (3) and a multi-stage locking mechanism (4), the outer set (1) has a knife outlet (12) at one side of the front end, the inner set (2) is hinged with the cutter head (3), the inner set (2) is sleeved in the outer set (1) and the two can slide relative to each other along the axial direction, and the rear ends of the outer set (1) and the inner set (2) are connected with a multi-stage locking mechanism (4), the multi-stage locking mechanism (4) can push the inner set (2) to move forward along the outer set (1), and the cutter head (3) is fixed after being led out of an angle from the knife outlet (12). It can adapt to the inverted pear shape of the uterine cavity, ensure fast and efficient cutting without dead angles, and is convenient to use.

[0004] The above patent technology has made controllable improvements to the extension length of the front end of the scalpel, but there are still the following technical problems or areas for improvement: (1) The extension length in CN104042323B is controlled and locked by a bayonet. This solution determines that the extension length value is a finite discrete point value, and it is impossible to achieve arbitrary length adjustment within the controllable range, so the degree of freedom is limited; (2) CN104042323B does not disclose an effective technical solution for adjusting the angle of the blade, so there is room for optimization in the field of low-temperature cold knives for laparoscopic surgery; (3) Although CN211609977U discloses a solution for adjusting the rotation angle of the blade, it does not disclose a solution for extending the blade. The blade extension length and blade angle adjustment should be highly integrated to improve the freedom or flexibility of use of the device, which helps to ensure the efficiency of the operation. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a laparoscopic scalpel with adjustable blade length and angle and a method of using the same. The blade extension and rotation control components are integrated, and the two are controlled independently without mutual restriction, thereby greatly improving the operational flexibility of the scalpel. The blade extension length can be adjusted according to the needs of different tissue cutting depths, such as 0.5mm-10mm, which can effectively avoid cutting too deep or too shallow. In addition, the bending angle of the blade can be adjusted as needed to meet the cutting needs of different parts.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a laparoscopic surgical knife with adjustable blade length and angle, comprising:

[0007] A main housing, a cutter head located at the front end of the main housing, an extension adjustment unit disposed inside the main housing for controlling and adjusting the extension length of the cutter head, a cutter angle adjustment unit disposed inside the main housing for controlling and adjusting the rotation angle of the cutter head, and a handle disposed at the rear end of the main housing;

[0008] The extension adjustment unit includes a first push rod rotatably connected to the cutter head, a first guide limit assembly fixedly connected to the first push rod for maintaining the fixed-axis sliding of the first push rod and constraining the sliding range, an intermediate connecting block fixedly connected to the rear end of the first push rod, an extension adjustment drive assembly arranged at the tail of the intermediate connecting block and controlling and pushing its linear motion, a first locking assembly for locking the movement position of the first push rod, and a reaction spring; the first guide limit assembly includes a first slide block fixedly connected to the first push rod, a slide groove opened in the first slide block, and a first guide slider fixed to the inner wall of the main shell and maintaining a sliding connection with the slide groove.

[0009] Preferably, the extension adjustment drive assembly comprises:

[0010] a first hand-push grinding wheel, a first driving gear coaxially fixedly connected to the first hand-push grinding wheel, and a first driving rack arranged at the tail of the middle connecting block;

[0011] The first driving gear is in meshing transmission connection with the first driving rack.

[0012] Preferably, the first locking component comprises:

[0013] A locking clamp used to engage in the gap between the teeth of the first drive rack, an intermediate stop edge arranged at the tail of the locking clamp, a handle block arranged outside the intermediate stop edge, a forward push spring arranged between the intermediate stop edge and the inner wall of the main shell, and an inner slide groove opened in the main shell for maintaining the vertical sliding of the intermediate stop edge.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes: a wire, the front end of which is connected to the blade head and the rear end of which extends out of the rear end of the main shell.

[0015] Preferably, the blade angle adjustment unit comprises:

[0016] A second push rod is arranged in the main shell body parallel to the direction of the first push rod, a sliding groove is opened in the middle connecting block and is slidably connected to the rear end of the second push rod, a base force spring is arranged between the second push rod and the bottom end of the sliding groove, an angle adjustment actuator component is arranged at the front end of the second push rod for converting the linear motion of the second push rod into the rotation of the cutter head, a cutter angle adjustment drive component is used to drive the second push rod to move linearly, and a second locking component controls and locks the movement position of the second push rod.

[0017] Preferably, the blade angle adjustment drive assembly is a gear-driven blade angle adjustment drive assembly, which comprises:

[0018] A second driving rack is arranged at the rear end of the second push rod, a second driving gear which is meshed with the second driving rack and is rotationally connected to the middle connecting block, and a second hand-push grinding wheel which is coaxially and fixedly connected to the second driving gear.

[0019] Preferably, the blade angle adjustment drive assembly is a rod-push blade angle adjustment drive assembly, which comprises:

[0020] A guide block provided at the tail of the second push rod;

[0021] A trigger rod is rotatably connected with the middle connecting block through a rotating shaft, and a guide groove is arranged on the upper end of the trigger rod, and the guide block is slidably connected with the guide groove.

[0022] Preferably, the angle adjustment actuator comprises:

[0023] An incomplete gear is arranged at the tail of the cutter head, and a rack is arranged at the front end of the second push rod; the rack is meshed with the incomplete gear for transmission;

[0024] The incomplete gear is rotationally connected to the first push rod via a connecting shaft.

[0025] Preferably, the second guide and limit assembly comprises:

[0026] A second chute block fixedly connected to the second push rod, and a chute provided in the second chute block;

[0027] A second guide slider is fixedly connected to the main housing, and the second guide slider is slidably connected to the slide groove.

[0028] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for using a laparoscopic surgical knife with adjustable blade length and angle, comprising the following steps:

[0029] S100: The operator holds the scalpel by the handle and preliminarily determines the required extension length of the blade head according to the surgical requirements;

[0030] S200: Adjust the extension length of the cutter head by tilting the hand-held block with fingertips, so that the locking clamp is disengaged from the first drive rack, thereby releasing the movement restriction of the first push rod, and then the first hand-pushed grinding wheel is pushed by the finger to rotate, thereby driving the first drive gear to rotate, and then the first drive rack and the middle connecting block move linearly, and finally the cutter head is pushed out to a preset length, and then the surgical operation is performed;

[0031] S300: When angle adjustment is required during the surgical process, the second locking assembly is released, and the trigger rod is manually moved, so that the second push rod moves linearly under the mutual sliding and pushing action between the guide groove and the guide block, and then pushes the rack part to move linearly, so that the incomplete gear and the cutter head rotate under the meshing action, and the angle of the cutter head is adjusted, and then the trigger rod is hooked back and forth to achieve the effect of reciprocating cutting.

[0032] In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0033] 1. The laparoscopic scalpel of the present invention integrates the control components of the extension amount and the rotation amount of the blade head, and the two are controlled independently without mutual restriction, thereby greatly improving the operational flexibility of the scalpel, and the extension length of the blade head can be adjusted according to the needs of different tissue cutting depths, such as 0.5mm-10mm, which can effectively avoid the situation of cutting too deep or too shallow; in addition, the bending angle of the blade head can be adjusted according to needs (from a fully straight 0 angle to a sickle-shaped angle of 90 degrees or higher) to meet the cutting needs of different parts;

[0034] 2. The laparoscopic scalpel of the present invention, by means of gear rack transmission and a hand-pushing pulley, effectively realizes flexible and convenient control of the extension of the blade head, thereby solving the problem that the extension length is controlled by a bayonet in the prior art, and the extension length value is determined to be a finite discrete point value, and arbitrary length adjustment within a controllable range cannot be achieved, thus limiting the technical problem of its degree of freedom; in addition, by adding a connecting electrode and converting it to a monopolar electric knife, it can meet more laparoscopic surgical cutting needs, thereby improving the functional diversity of the scalpel;

[0035] 3. The laparoscopic scalpel of the present invention, by providing two types of blade angle adjustment drive components, namely a gear-driven type and a rod-pushed type, can be used to respectively meet the surgical requirements of blade angle locking and blade rotation cutting, thereby enhancing the design specificity in different application scenarios and providing a hardware foundation for various operational applications of the scalpel head rotation.

[0036] 4. The laparoscopic scalpel of the present invention has an additional block on the side of the middle blocking edge and an additional step in the inner slide groove. During use, the hand-held block is first pried and then rotated to lock the block into the step, thereby effectively maintaining the lifted state of the locking clamp head and eliminating the inconvenience of maintaining the prying posture by hand.

[0037] 5. In addition to the method of using the rod-pushing blade angle adjustment drive assembly, the laparoscope scalpel of the present invention can also realize the horizontal movement control of the second push rod through the gear-driven blade angle adjustment drive assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a laparoscopic surgical knife with adjustable blade length and angle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 A is a partial enlarged view of a laparoscopic surgical knife with adjustable blade length and angle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 FIG. B is a partial enlarged view of a laparoscopic surgical knife with adjustable blade length and angle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a laparoscopic surgical knife with adjustable blade length and angle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the angle adjustment state of a laparoscope surgical knife with adjustable blade length and angle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a locking assembly of a laparoscopic surgical knife with adjustable blade length and angle according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0044] Figure 7 The present invention is a flowchart of a method for using a laparoscopic surgical knife with adjustable blade length and angle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] In all the drawings, the same reference numerals represent the same technical features, specifically: 1-main housing, 2-cutter head, 3-extension adjustment unit, 300-first push rod, 310-first guide limit assembly, 311-first slide block, 312-first guide slider, 320-intermediate connecting block, 330-extension adjustment drive assembly, 331-first hand-push grinding wheel, 332-first drive gear, 333-first drive rack, 340-first locking assembly, 341-locking clamp, 342-intermediate stop edge, 343-handle block, 344-forward push spring, 345-inner slide, 350-reaction spring, 4- The knife angle adjustment unit, 400-the second push rod, 410-the second guide limit assembly, 411-the second slide block, 412-the second guide slide block, 430-the second locking assembly, 440-the geared knife angle adjustment drive assembly, 441-the second hand-push grinding wheel, 442-the second drive gear, 443-the second drive rack, 450-the base force spring, 460-the angle adjustment actuator assembly, 461-the incomplete gear, 462-the rack portion, 463-the connecting shaft, 470-the rod-push knife angle adjustment drive assembly, 471-the trigger rod, 472-the guide block, 473-the guide groove, 474-the rotating shaft, 5-the wire, 6-the handle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0047] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0048] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0049] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0050] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, a laparoscopic surgical knife with adjustable blade length and angle is provided, comprising: a main shell 1, a blade 2 located at the front end of the main shell 1, an extension adjustment unit 3 arranged inside the main shell 1 for controlling and adjusting the extension length of the blade 2, a blade angle adjustment unit 4 arranged inside the main shell 1 for controlling and adjusting the rotation angle of the blade 2, and a handle 6 arranged at the rear of the main shell 1; the extension adjustment unit 3 comprises a first push rod 300 rotatably connected to the blade 2, a first push rod 300 fixedly connected to the first push rod 300 for maintaining the fixed axis sliding of the first push rod 300 and constraining the sliding range The first guide limit assembly 310 includes a first slide block 311 fixedly connected to the first push rod 300, a middle connecting block 320 fixedly connected to the rear end of the first push rod 300, an extension adjustment drive assembly 330 arranged at the tail of the middle connecting block 320 and controlling and driving its linear motion, a first locking assembly 340 for locking the movement position of the first push rod 300, and a reaction spring 350; the first guide limit assembly 310 includes a first slide block 311 fixedly connected to the first push rod 300, a slide groove opened in the first slide block 311, and a first guide slider 312 fixed to the inner wall of the main shell 1 and maintaining a sliding connection with the slide groove. In the embodiment of the present invention, by integrating the blade extension and rotation control components, and the two are controlled independently without mutual restriction, the operational flexibility of the scalpel is greatly improved, and the blade extension length can be adjusted according to the needs of different tissue cutting depths, such as 0.5mm-10mm, which can effectively avoid cutting too deep or too shallow; in addition, the bending angle of the blade can be adjusted as needed (from a fully straight 0 angle to a sickle shape of 90 degrees or a higher angle) to meet the cutting needs of different parts.

[0051] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, the extension adjustment drive assembly 330 includes: a first hand-push grinding wheel 331, a first driving gear 332 coaxially fixedly connected to the first hand-push grinding wheel 331, and a first driving rack 333 provided at the tail of the middle connecting block 320; the first driving gear 332 and the first driving rack 333 are in meshing transmission connection. Figure 3 As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first locking assembly 340 includes: a locking clamp 341 for locking into the tooth gap of the first driving rack 333, an intermediate stop edge 342 provided at the tail of the locking clamp 341, a hand-held block 343 provided outside the intermediate stop edge 342, a forward push spring 344 provided between the intermediate stop edge 342 and the inner wall of the main housing 1, and an inner slide groove 345 provided in the main housing 1 for keeping the intermediate stop edge 342 sliding vertically. Figure 1 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the laparoscopic scalpel with adjustable blade length and angle also includes: a wire 5, the front end of which is connected to the blade 2, and the rear end extends out of the tail end of the main housing 1. In the embodiment of the present invention, by means of gear rack transmission, in conjunction with a hand-pushing pulley, the flexible and convenient control of the blade extension amount is effectively achieved, thereby solving the problem that the extension length is controlled by the bayonet form in the prior art, and this solution determines that the extension length value is a finite discrete point value, and it is impossible to achieve any length adjustment within the controllable range, so its degree of freedom is limited; in addition, by adding a connecting electrode, it is converted to a monopolar electric knife for use to meet more laparoscopic surgical cutting needs, thereby improving the functional diversity of the scalpel.

[0052] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, the blade angle adjustment unit 4 includes: a second push rod 400 arranged in the main housing 1 in parallel with the direction of the first push rod 300, a sliding groove provided in the middle connecting block 320 and slidably connected to the rear end of the second push rod 400, a base force spring 450 arranged between the second push rod 400 and the bottom end of the sliding groove, an angle adjustment actuator component 460 arranged at the front end of the second push rod 400 for converting the linear motion of the second push rod 400 into the rotation of the blade head 2, a blade angle adjustment drive component for driving the linear motion of the second push rod 400, and a second locking component 430 for controlling and locking the movement position of the second push rod 400. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the blade angle adjustment drive assembly is a geared blade angle adjustment drive assembly 440, which includes: a second drive rack 443 arranged at the tail end of the second push rod 400, a second drive gear 442 that is meshed with the second drive rack 443 and is rotationally connected to the intermediate connecting block 320, and a second hand-push grinding wheel 441 that is coaxially fixedly connected to the second drive gear 442.

[0053] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, the blade angle adjustment drive assembly is a rod-push blade angle adjustment drive assembly 470, which includes: a guide block 472 provided at the tail of the second push rod 400; a trigger rod 471 that is rotationally connected to the intermediate connecting block 320 through a rotating shaft 474, and a guide groove 473 provided at the upper end of the trigger rod 471, and the guide block 472 is slidably connected to the guide groove 473. In the embodiment of the present invention, by providing two types of blade angle adjustment drive assemblies, a gear-driven type and a rod-push type, it can be used to respectively meet the surgical requirements of blade angle locking and blade rotation cutting, thereby enhancing the design pertinence in different application scenarios and providing a hardware foundation for various operation applications of scalpel blade head rotation.

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, the angle adjustment actuator 460 includes: an incomplete gear 461 provided at the rear of the cutter head 2, and a rack portion 462 provided at the front end of the second push rod 400; the rack portion 462 is meshed with the incomplete gear 461 for transmission; the incomplete gear 461 is rotationally connected to the first push rod 300 via a connecting shaft 463. Figure 1 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the second guide limit assembly 410 includes: a second slide block 411 fixedly connected to the second push rod 400, and a slide groove opened in the second slide block 411; a second guide slider 412 fixedly connected to the main shell 1, and the second guide slider 412 is slidably connected to the slide groove.

[0055] like Figure 7As shown, in another embodiment of the present invention, a method for using a laparoscopic scalpel with adjustable blade length and angle is provided. First, the operator holds the scalpel as a whole by the handle 6, and preliminarily determines the required blade extension length according to the surgical requirements; then, the blade extension length is adjusted, and the hand-held block 343 is tilted by the fingertips, so that the locking clamp 341 is disengaged from the first drive rack 333, thereby releasing the movement restriction of the first push rod 300, and then the first hand-pushed grinding wheel 331 is pushed by the finger to rotate, thereby driving the first drive gear 332 to rotate, and then the first drive rack 333 and the middle connecting block 320 move in a straight line, and finally the blade is pushed out to a preset length, and then the operation is performed. Surgical operation; then, when the angle adjustment is required during the operation, the second locking assembly 430 is released, and the trigger rod 471 is manually bent, so that the second push rod 400 moves in a straight line under the mutual sliding and pushing action between the guide groove 473 and the guide block 472, and then pushes the rack portion 462 to move in a straight line, so that the incomplete gear 461 and the blade 2 rotate under the meshing action, and the blade angle is adjusted, and then the trigger rod 471 is hooked back and forth to achieve the effect of reciprocating cutting; in addition, the preset blade angle can be locked by adjusting the angle of the fixed trigger rod 471, completing the transformation from a straight knife to a tilted knife, enriching the diversity of surgical operations.

[0056] In addition, for the blade angle adjustment drive assembly, in addition to the above-mentioned rod-pushing blade angle adjustment drive assembly, the horizontal movement control of the second push rod 400 can also be achieved through a gear-driven blade angle adjustment drive assembly. The specific operation process is as follows: manually push the second hand-pushing grinding wheel 441, thereby driving the second driving gear 442 to rotate, and then under the meshing action, drive the second driving rack 443 to move horizontally.

[0057] like Figure 6 As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, in order to solve the inconvenience of the hand block 343 having to be pried all the time to achieve the release of the position lock, a card block is added to the side of the middle blocking edge 342, and a card step is added in the inner slide groove 345. During use, the hand block 343 is first pried, and then rotated to card the block into the card step, thereby effectively maintaining the lifted state of the locking card head 341, eliminating the inconvenience of the human hand maintaining the prying posture all the time.

[0058] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application. The above are only preferred implementations of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and variations can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present application, and these improvements and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A laparoscopic surgical knife with adjustable blade length and angle, characterized in that: include: A main housing (1), a cutter head (2) located at the front end of the main housing (1), an extension adjustment unit (3) disposed inside the main housing (1) for controlling and adjusting the extension length of the cutter head (2), a cutter angle adjustment unit (4) disposed inside the main housing (1) for controlling and adjusting the rotation angle of the cutter head (2), and a handle (6) disposed at the rear end of the main housing (1); The extension adjustment unit (3) comprises a first push rod (300) rotatably connected to the cutter head (2), a first guide limit assembly (310) fixedly connected to the first push rod (300) for maintaining the fixed-axis sliding of the first push rod (300) and constraining the sliding range, an intermediate connecting block (320) fixedly connected to the rear end of the first push rod (300), an extension adjustment drive assembly (330) arranged at the tail of the intermediate connecting block (320) and controlling and driving its linear motion, a first locking assembly (340) for locking the moving position of the first push rod (300), and a reaction spring (350); the first guide limit assembly (310) comprises a first slide block (311) fixedly connected to the first push rod (300), a slide groove opened in the first slide block (311), and a first guide slider (312) fixed to the inner wall of the main shell (1) and slidably connected to the slide groove.

2. A laparoscopic surgical knife with adjustable blade length and angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extension adjustment drive assembly (330) comprises: A first hand-push grinding wheel (331), a first driving gear (332) coaxially and fixedly connected to the first hand-push grinding wheel (331), and a first driving rack (333) arranged at the tail of the middle connecting block (320); The first driving gear (332) and the first driving rack (333) are in meshing transmission connection.

3. A laparoscopic surgical knife with adjustable blade length and angle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first locking component (340) comprises: A locking clamp (341) for clamping into the tooth gap of the first driving rack (333), an intermediate retaining edge (342) arranged at the tail of the locking clamp (341), a handle block (343) arranged outside the intermediate retaining edge (342), a forward push spring (344) arranged between the intermediate retaining edge (342) and the inner wall of the main shell (1), and an inner slide groove (345) provided in the main shell (1) for maintaining the intermediate retaining edge (342) to slide vertically.

4. A laparoscopic surgical knife with adjustable blade length and angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The front end of the wire (5) is connected to the blade head (2), and the rear end extends out of the rear end of the main housing (1).

5. A laparoscopic surgical knife with adjustable blade length and angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade angle adjustment unit (4) comprises: A second push rod (400) is arranged in the main shell (1) in a direction parallel to the first push rod (300), a sliding groove is opened in the middle connecting block (320) and is slidably connected to the rear end of the second push rod (400), a base force spring (450) is arranged between the second push rod (400) and the bottom end of the sliding groove, an angle adjustment actuator component (460) is arranged at the front end of the second push rod (400) for converting the linear motion of the second push rod (400) into the rotation of the cutter head (2), a knife angle adjustment drive component is used to drive the second push rod (400) to move linearly, and a second locking component (430) controls and locks the movement position of the second push rod (400).

6. A laparoscopic surgical knife with adjustable blade length and angle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The blade angle adjustment drive assembly is a gear-driven blade angle adjustment drive assembly (440), which comprises: A second driving rack (443) provided at the rear end of the second push rod (400), a second driving gear (442) meshed with the second driving rack (443) and rotatably connected to the intermediate connecting block (320), and a second hand-push grinding wheel (441) coaxially and fixedly connected to the second driving gear (442).

7. A laparoscopic surgical knife with adjustable blade length and angle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The blade angle adjustment drive assembly is a rod-pushing blade angle adjustment drive assembly (470), which comprises: A guide block (472) disposed at the tail of the second push rod (400); A trigger rod (471) that is rotationally connected to the intermediate connecting block (320) via a rotating shaft (474), a guide groove (473) provided at the upper end of the trigger rod (471), and a guide block (472) that is slidably connected to the guide groove (473).

8. A laparoscopic surgical knife with adjustable blade length and angle according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The angle adjustment execution component (460) comprises: An incomplete gear (461) is arranged at the rear of the cutter head (2), and a rack portion (462) is arranged at the front end of the second push rod (400); the rack portion (462) and the incomplete gear (461) are meshed for transmission; The incomplete gear (461) is rotationally connected to the first push rod (300) via a connecting shaft (463).

9. The laparoscopic surgical knife with adjustable blade length and angle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second guide and limit assembly (410) comprises: a second slide block (411) fixedly connected to the second push rod (400), and a slide slot provided in the second slide block (411); A second guide slider (412) is fixedly connected to the main housing (1), and the second guide slider (412) is slidably connected to the slide groove.

10. A method for using a laparoscopic surgical knife with adjustable blade length and angle, comprising the following steps: S100: The operator holds the scalpel as a whole by means of the handle (6) and preliminarily determines the required extension length of the blade head according to the surgical requirements; S200: Adjust the extension length of the cutter head by tilting the hand-held block (343) with the fingertips, so that the locking clamp (341) is disengaged from the first drive rack (333), thereby releasing the movement restriction of the first push rod (300), and then the first hand-pushed grinding wheel (331) is pushed by the finger to rotate, thereby driving the first drive gear (332) to rotate, and then the first drive rack (333) and the middle connecting block (320) move linearly, and finally the cutter head is pushed out to a preset length, and then the surgical operation is performed; S300: When angle adjustment is required during the surgical procedure, the second locking assembly (430) is released, and the trigger rod (471) is then manually moved, so that the second push rod (400) moves linearly under the mutual sliding and pushing action between the guide groove (473) and the guide block (472), thereby pushing the rack portion (462) to move linearly, so that the incomplete gear (461) and the blade (2) rotate under the meshing action, thereby adjusting the blade angle, and then hooking the trigger rod (471) back and forth to achieve a reciprocating cutting effect; in addition, the preset blade angle can be locked by adjusting the angle of the fixed trigger rod (471), completing the transformation from a straight knife to an inclined knife, thereby enriching the diversity of surgical operations.

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