Production method for manufacturing ultra-precision diamond grinding tool through electric spark fusion and laser finishing

Abstract

The invention discloses a production method for manufacturing an ultra-precision diamond grinding tool through electric spark fusion and laser finishing. The production method comprises the steps that metal alloy powder slurry is prepared; uniformly spraying the prepared metal alloy powder slurry on the surface of a steel substrate; diamond micro-powder particles are uniformly sprayed and adhered to the surface of the metal alloy powder slurry; heating the metal alloy powder slurry by using electric sparks in a vacuum protection atmosphere until the alloy powder is molten; and convex points, floating sand and alloy bumps on the surface of the grinding tool are removed through laser finishing. The grinding tool manufactured through the production method has the advantages of being high in grinding efficiency, long in service life, high in grinding precision and the like, and the production method can be used for manufacturing the special-shaped ultra-precise grinding tool with a long and thin base body, a thin wall and fine diamond; the grinding tool substrate is almost free of thermal deformation due to the fact that electric sparks are high in energy density and high in heating and cooling speed, and diamond thermal damage is small; and convex points on the surface of the grinding tool can be removed through laser finishing, and the surface is smooth and free of floating sand and alloy tumors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of diamond grinding tool manufacturing, in particular to a production method for manufacturing ultra-precision diamond grinding tools by utilizing electric spark fusion and laser finishing. Background Art

[0002] Ceramic materials such as zirconia, alumina, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, boron carbide, and boron nitride have the advantages of high strength, high hardness, high toughness, acid and alkali resistance, corrosion resistance, and high chemical stability. They have become important materials in the aviation, aerospace, military industry, consumer electronics, and automotive industries.

[0003] Diamond abrasives are used to process these ceramics. Diamond abrasives can be divided into electroplated abrasives, sintered abrasives, and brazed abrasives according to different manufacturing processes. The bonding strength between diamond and binder of abrasives made by electroplating and sintering processes is low, and diamond is easy to fall off. Abrasives made by brazing process are achieved by resistance heating in a vacuum furnace. Diamond and binder are firmly bonded, but due to the slow heating speed, diamond is subjected to high temperature for a long time, thermal damage is serious, diamond strength is reduced, and it is easy to break. Moreover, only coarse-grained diamonds can be brazed, not fine-grained diamonds. Therefore, the current process cannot produce high-bonding-strength fine-grained diamond ultra-precision abrasives. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the invention is to provide a production method for producing ultra-precision diamond grinding tools by electric spark fusion and laser finishing, which can produce ultra-precision diamond grinding tools with high bonding strength and fine grain size.

[0005] Technical solution: The production method of ultra-precision diamond grinding tools by electric spark fusion and laser finishing of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0006] Step 1, preparing a metal alloy powder slurry;

[0007] Step 2, spraying the prepared metal alloy powder slurry evenly on the surface of the steel substrate;

[0008] Step 3, spraying diamond micropowder particles evenly onto the surface of the metal alloy powder slurry;

[0009] Step 4, heating the metal alloy powder slurry by electric spark in a vacuum protective atmosphere until the alloy powder is melted, and after cooling, the diamond powder particles and the alloy are fused and fixed on the surface of the steel substrate to form an abrasive tool;

[0010] Step 5: Use laser finishing to remove the bumps, floating sand and alloy nodules on the surface of the mold.

[0011] Furthermore, in step 1, when preparing the metal alloy powder slurry: the alloy powder and glue are evenly mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1 to 2.

[0012] Furthermore, the alloy powder is Cu-Co-Cr-Fe alloy powder, Ag-Cu-Sn-In-Ti alloy powder or Cu-Ni-Sn-Ti alloy powder.

[0013] Furthermore, the glue comprises the following components by mass percentage: 20-25% polyvinyl alcohol, 15-20% ammonium acryloyl, 5-8% sodium hydroxide, 3-5% ethanol, and the balance is water.

[0014] Furthermore, in step 2, after spraying is completed, the thickness of the metal alloy powder slurry sprayed on the surface of the steel substrate after solidification is 130-150% of the average particle size of the diamond micropowder particles.

[0015] Furthermore, in step 3, after spraying and adhering, the average gap between two adjacent diamond micro-powder particles on the surface of the metal alloy powder slurry is 2 to 3 times the average particle size of the diamond micro-powder particles.

[0016] Furthermore, in step 3, the particle size range of the diamond micropowder particles is 500 to 10000 mesh.

[0017] Furthermore, in step 4, when the metal alloy powder slurry is heated by electric spark, the fusion temperature is the melting point of the alloy powder + 60 to 100°C.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the abrasive tool produced by the production method of the present invention has the advantages of high grinding efficiency, long service life, high grinding precision, etc. The production method can produce special ultra-precision abrasive tools with slender substrate, thin wall and fine diamond; the electric spark has high energy density, fast heating and cooling speed, small thermal damage to diamond, and almost no thermal deformation of the abrasive tool substrate; laser finishing can be used to remove convex points on the surface of the abrasive tool, and the surface is smooth, without floating sand and alloy nodules. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of the method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, the production method of ultra-precision diamond grinding tools by electric spark fusion and laser finishing disclosed in the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0022] Step 1, preparing a metal alloy powder slurry, specifically, mixing the alloy powder and glue in a mass ratio of 1:1-2, wherein the alloy powder is Cu-Co-Cr-Fe alloy powder, Ag-Cu-Sn-In-Ti alloy powder or Cu-Ni-Sn-Ti alloy powder, and the glue comprises the following components by mass percentage: 20-25% polyvinyl alcohol, 15-20% ammonium acryloyl, 5-8% sodium hydroxide, 3-5% ethanol, and the balance is water;

[0023] Step 2, spraying the prepared metal alloy powder slurry evenly on the surface of the steel substrate, after the spraying is completed, the thickness of the metal alloy powder slurry sprayed on the surface of the steel substrate after solidification is 130-150% of the average particle size of the diamond micropowder particles;

[0024] Step 3, spraying diamond micropowder particles uniformly onto the surface of the metal alloy powder slurry, wherein after spraying and adhering, the average gap between two adjacent diamond micropowder particles on the surface of the metal alloy powder slurry is 2 to 3 times the average particle size of the diamond micropowder particles, and the particle size range of the diamond micropowder particles is 500 to 10000 mesh;

[0025] Step 4, in a vacuum protective atmosphere, the metal alloy powder slurry is heated by electric sparks until the alloy powder is melted, the fusion temperature is the melting point of the alloy powder + 60 to 100° C., and after cooling, the diamond powder particles and the alloy are fused and fixed on the surface of the steel substrate to form an abrasive tool;

[0026] Step 5: Use laser trimming to remove the convex spots, floating sand and alloy nodules on the surface of the mold to make the surface of the mold smooth.

[0027] In order to verify the performance of the abrasive tool produced by the production method of the present invention, the present invention provides the following four embodiments:

[0028] Embodiment 1:

[0029] The production method steps of ultra-precision diamond grinding tools made by electric spark fusion and laser finishing are as follows:

[0030] Step 1, mixing alloy powder and glue in a mass ratio of 1:2 to form a metal alloy powder slurry, wherein the alloy powder is Cu-Co-Cr-Fe alloy powder, and the glue comprises the following components by mass percentage: 21% polyvinyl alcohol, 16% ammonium acryloyl, 6% sodium hydroxide, 3.5% ethanol, and the balance is water;

[0031] Step 2, spraying the metal alloy powder slurry evenly on the surface of the steel substrate, wherein the thickness of the metal alloy powder slurry after solidification is 140-150% of the average particle size of the diamond micropowder particles, wherein the particle size of the diamond micropowder particles is 500 mesh;

[0032] Step 3, evenly spraying diamond micropowder particles onto the surface of the metal alloy powder slurry, wherein the average gap between two adjacent diamond micropowder particles is 2.5 to 3 times the average particle size of the diamond micropowder particles;

[0033] Step 4, heating the alloy powder by electric spark in a vacuum protective atmosphere until the alloy powder is melted, the fusion temperature is the melting point of the alloy powder + 100°C, and after cooling, the diamond powder particles and the alloy are fused and fixed on the surface of the steel substrate to form an abrasive tool;

[0034] Step 5: Laser finishing to remove convex spots, floating sand and alloy nodules on the surface of the mold to make the surface of the mold smooth.

[0035] Embodiment 2:

[0036] The production method steps of ultra-precision diamond grinding tools made by electric spark fusion and laser finishing are as follows:

[0037] Step 1, mixing alloy powder and glue in a mass ratio of 1:1 to form a metal alloy powder slurry, wherein the alloy powder is Cu-Co-Cr-Fe alloy powder, and the glue comprises the following components by mass percentage: 22% polyvinyl alcohol, 17% ammonium acryloyl, 6.5% sodium hydroxide, 4% ethanol, and the balance is water;

[0038] Step 2, spraying the metal alloy powder slurry evenly on the surface of the steel substrate, wherein the thickness of the metal alloy powder slurry after solidification is 135-145% of the average particle size of the diamond micropowder particles, wherein the particle size of the diamond micropowder particles is 2000 mesh;

[0039] Step 3, spraying diamond micropowder particles uniformly onto the surface of the metal alloy powder slurry, wherein the average gap between two adjacent diamond micropowder particles is 2.3 to 2.6 times the average particle size of the diamond micropowder particles;

[0040] Step 4, heating the alloy powder by electric spark in a vacuum protective atmosphere until the alloy powder is melted, the fusion temperature is the melting point of the alloy powder + 60°C, and after cooling, the diamond powder particles and the alloy are fused and fixed on the surface of the steel substrate to form an abrasive tool;

[0041] Step 5: Laser finishing to remove convex spots, floating sand and alloy nodules on the surface of the mold to make the surface of the mold smooth.

[0042] Embodiment 3:

[0043] The production method steps of ultra-precision diamond grinding tools made by electric spark fusion and laser finishing are as follows:

[0044] Step 1, mixing alloy powder and glue in a mass ratio of 1:1 to form a metal alloy powder slurry, wherein the alloy powder is Ag-Cu-Sn-In-Ti alloy powder, and the glue comprises the following components by mass percentage: 21% polyvinyl alcohol, 16% ammonium acryloyl, 6% sodium hydroxide, 3.5% ethanol, and the balance is water;

[0045] Step 2, spraying the metal alloy powder slurry evenly on the surface of the steel substrate, wherein the thickness of the metal alloy powder slurry after solidification is 130-135% of the average particle size of the diamond micropowder particles, wherein the particle size of the diamond micropowder particles is 5000 mesh;

[0046] Step 3, spraying diamond micropowder particles uniformly onto the surface of the metal alloy powder slurry, wherein the average gap between two adjacent diamond micropowder particles is 2 to 2.3 times the average particle size of the diamond micropowder particles;

[0047] Step 4, heating the alloy powder by electric spark in a vacuum protective atmosphere until the alloy powder is melted, the fusion temperature is the melting point of the alloy powder + 60°C, and after cooling, the diamond powder particles and the alloy are fused and fixed on the surface of the steel substrate to form an abrasive tool;

[0048] Step 5: Laser finishing to remove convex spots, floating sand and alloy nodules on the surface of the mold to make the surface of the mold smooth.

[0049] Embodiment 4:

[0050] The production method steps of ultra-precision diamond grinding tools made by electric spark fusion and laser finishing are as follows:

[0051] Step 1, mixing alloy powder and glue in a mass ratio of 1:1 to form a metal alloy powder slurry, wherein the alloy powder is Cu-Ni-Sn-Ti alloy powder, and the glue comprises the following components by mass percentage: 20% polyvinyl alcohol, 15% ammonium acryloyl, 5% sodium hydroxide, 3% ethanol, and the balance is water;

[0052] Step 2, spraying the metal alloy powder slurry evenly on the surface of the steel substrate, wherein the thickness of the metal alloy powder slurry after solidification is 130-135% of the average particle size of the diamond micropowder particles, wherein the particle size of the diamond micropowder particles is 10000 mesh;

[0053] Step 3, spraying diamond micropowder particles uniformly onto the surface of the metal alloy powder slurry, wherein the average gap between two adjacent diamond micropowder particles is 2 to 2.2 times the average particle size of the diamond micropowder particles;

[0054] Step 4, heating the alloy powder by electric spark in a vacuum protective atmosphere until the alloy powder is melted, the fusion temperature is the melting point of the alloy powder + 60°C, and after cooling, the diamond powder particles and the alloy are fused and fixed on the surface of the steel substrate to form an abrasive tool;

[0055] Step 5: Laser finishing to remove convex spots, floating sand and alloy nodules on the surface of the mold to make the surface of the mold smooth.

[0056] Among the above 4 embodiments, it can be seen through experimental comparison that embodiment 4 is the best embodiment and the disclosed parameters are the best parameter settings.

[0057] As described above, although the present invention has been shown and described with reference to specific preferred embodiments, it should not be construed as limiting the present invention itself. Various changes in form and details may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for producing ultra-precision diamond grinding tools by electrospark fusion and laser finishing, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1, preparing a metal alloy powder slurry; Step 2, spraying the prepared metal alloy powder slurry evenly on the surface of the steel substrate; Step 3, spraying diamond micropowder particles evenly onto the surface of the metal alloy powder slurry; Step 4, heating the metal alloy powder slurry by electric spark in a vacuum protective atmosphere until the alloy powder is melted, and after cooling, the diamond powder particles and the alloy are fused and fixed on the surface of the steel substrate to form an abrasive tool; Step 5: Use laser finishing to remove the bumps, floating sand and alloy nodules on the surface of the mold.

2. The method for producing ultra-precision diamond grinding tools by electrospark fusion and laser finishing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, when preparing the metal alloy powder slurry: the alloy powder and glue are evenly mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1-2.

3. The method for producing ultra-precision diamond grinding tools by electrospark fusion and laser finishing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The alloy powder is Cu-Co-Cr-Fe alloy powder, Ag-Cu-Sn-In-Ti alloy powder or Cu-Ni-Sn-Ti alloy powder.

4. The method for producing ultra-precision diamond grinding tools by electrospark fusion and laser finishing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The components of the glue in percentage by mass are: 20-25% of polyvinyl alcohol, 15-20% of ammonium acryloyl, 5-8% of sodium hydroxide, 3-5% of ethanol, and the balance is water.

5. The method for producing ultra-precision diamond grinding tools by electrospark fusion and laser finishing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, after spraying is completed, the thickness of the metal alloy powder slurry sprayed on the surface of the steel substrate after solidification is 130-150% of the average particle size of the diamond micropowder particles.

6. The method for producing ultra-precision diamond grinding tools by electrospark fusion and laser finishing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, after spraying and adhering, the average gap between two adjacent diamond micro-powder particles on the surface of the metal alloy powder slurry is 2 to 3 times the average particle size of the diamond micro-powder particles.

7. The method for producing ultra-precision diamond grinding tools by electric spark fusion and laser finishing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, the particle size range of the diamond micro powder particles is 500 to 10000 mesh.

8. The method for producing ultra-precision diamond grinding tools by electric spark fusion and laser finishing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, when the metal alloy powder slurry is heated by electric spark, the fusion temperature is the melting point of the alloy powder + 60 to 100°C.

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