Rock mass deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable and application method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a rock mass deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable and an application method thereof, and particularly relates to the technical field of strain monitoring, the optical fiber grouting anchor cable comprises an anchor cable assembly, a sealing assembly, a distributed optical fiber and a fixing assembly, the anchor cable assembly is fixed in surrounding rock through a drilled hole; the sealing assembly is installed at the first end of the anchor cable assembly. The distributed optical fiber is arranged in the anchor cable assembly in a penetrating manner and is used for monitoring the stress of surrounding rock by being connected with a monitoring system; the fixing assembly is tightly attached to the outer surface of the anchor cable assembly. According to the rock mass deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable application method, grout is injected into the grouting pipe through the grouting pump, and abnormal conditions in the grouting process are processed in time according to the state information, sensed by the optical fiber sensor, of surrounding rock in the grouting process so that the grouting effect can be guaranteed. The problem that an existing strain monitoring technology is difficult to meet the long-distance strain monitoring requirement of underground surrounding rock support is solved, so that the supporting effect of roadway surrounding rock is improved, and safety and stability of mining and underground engineering are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of strain monitoring, and in particular to a rock mass deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable and an application method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous exploitation of mineral resources, the mining depth has gradually increased, and underground engineering has become more and more complex. In the process of deep mining, the stability of surrounding rock faced by mines and tunnel projects has become increasingly prominent. The deep surrounding rock is affected by high ground stress, rock bursts and temperature changes, and its deformation and fracture behavior are more complicated. Traditional monitoring and support methods are difficult to meet the needs.

[0003] Traditional tunnel support technologies mainly include bolts, anchor cables, shotcrete, etc. Although these methods show good support effects in shallow tunnels, they have certain limitations in deep and complex environments. The internal structure of the surrounding rock is difficult to explore, so it is necessary to perform corresponding strain monitoring to provide certain safety guarantees for underground operations. With the continuous advancement of monitoring technology, the application of strain monitoring technology in rock mass will be more extensive and in-depth. Traditional roof delamination meters and FBG sensors have been widely used in many mines. However, it is difficult to meet the long-distance strain monitoring requirements of underground surrounding rock support.

[0004] In summary, the existing strain monitoring technology is difficult to meet the long-distance strain monitoring requirements of underground surrounding rock support, which is a problem that needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor and its application method, so as to solve the problem that the existing strain monitoring technology is difficult to meet the long-distance strain monitoring requirements of underground surrounding rock support, thereby improving the support effect of tunnel surrounding rock and ensuring the safety and stability of mining and underground engineering.

[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable and an application method thereof, which are used to improve the supporting effect of tunnel surrounding rock and ensure the safety and stability of mining and underground engineering.

[0007] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor, which includes: an anchor assembly, which is fixed inside the surrounding rock by drilling; a sealing assembly, which is installed at the first end of the anchor assembly; a distributed optical fiber, which is arranged throughout the interior of the anchor assembly, and the distributed optical fiber monitors the stress of the surrounding rock by connecting to a monitoring system; a fixing assembly, which is tightly arranged on the outer surface of the anchor assembly; wherein the anchor assembly is used to support the surrounding rock, the sealing assembly is used to prevent the slurry from overflowing from the inside of the anchor assembly, and the fixing assembly is used to fix the anchor assembly.

[0008] Furthermore, the anchor cable assembly includes: a lock body, which is a hollow tubular structure and has a slurry outlet hole; a grouting pipe, which is arranged inside the lock body; wherein the lock body is used to provide structural support and protect the grouting pipe, the grouting pipe is used to pour slurry into the surrounding rock, and the slurry outlet hole is used to evenly distribute the slurry.

[0009] Furthermore, there are multiple groups of slurry outlet holes, each group of which has multiple slurry outlet holes; the multiple groups of slurry outlet holes are evenly spaced along the axial direction of the lock body; and the multiple slurry outlet holes in each group are evenly spaced along the circumference of the lock body.

[0010] Furthermore, the sealing assembly includes: a grout stopper, which is annular and axially arranged on the outer surface of the first end of the lock body; and a grouting sleeve, which is installed at the port position of the first end of the grout stopper. The grout stopper is used to prevent the grout from leaking along the outer surface of the first end of the lock body, and the grouting sleeve is used to connect the second end of another lock body and seal the connection between the lock body and the other lock body.

[0011] Furthermore, the distributed optical fiber enters from the first end of the lock body and is laid inside the lock body, passes through the second end of the lock body, is folded in half, is laid again along the inside of the lock body, and then passes through the first end of the lock body, wherein the distributed optical fiber monitors the stress of the surrounding rock by connecting to the monitoring system.

[0012] Furthermore, the fixing assembly includes: a lock, which is in the form of a circular ring and is circumferentially fixed to the outer surface of the first end of the lock body; a tray, which is in the form of a flat plate and is located between the lock and the grouting plug, and the lock is used to fix the anchor assembly in the installation position, and the tray is used to disperse the rock deformation field to continuously sense the stress on the optical fiber grouting anchor.

[0013] Furthermore, the rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable is 8200 mm long and is connected in series through the grouting casing. Twelve of the rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cables are set as a group, and a group of the rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cables is used for monitoring to achieve long-distance strain monitoring of 8 to 100 m underground.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an application method for a rock mass deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable, comprising:

[0015] Obtaining rock mass deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable, Obtaining rock mass deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable includes: lock body, grouting pipe, distributed optical fiber;

[0016] The distributed optical fiber is laid in the grouting pipe in the lock body, and the distributed optical fiber is connected to the optical fiber sensor to complete the installation of the optical fiber grouting anchor cable for continuous sensing of the rock deformation field; the grouting liquid is injected into the grouting pipe through the grouting pump;

[0017] Acquire optical fiber sensing data sensed by the optical fiber sensor, wherein the sensing data includes: pressure, temperature, and strain;

[0018] Collect, process and analyze optical fiber sensing data to obtain status information during the grouting process;

[0019] Abnormal situations during the grouting process can be discovered and handled in a timely manner based on the status information, and the parameters of the grouting equipment can be adjusted according to the abnormal situations to ensure the grouting effect.

[0020] Furthermore, the distributed optical fiber is arranged in the grouting pipe in the lock body, and the distributed optical fiber is connected to the optical fiber sensor to complete the installation of the optical fiber grouting anchor cable for continuous sensing of the rock deformation field, including:

[0021] The distributed optical fiber is arranged in the grouting pipe in the lock body, and the distributed optical fiber is connected to the optical fiber sensor;

[0022] Install the sealing component and the fixing component on the lock body;

[0023] A drilling rig is used to drill holes inside the surrounding rock, and the optical fiber grouting anchor cable for continuous sensing of rock deformation field is installed into the surrounding rock through the drill holes, thereby completing the installation of the optical fiber grouting anchor cable for continuous sensing of rock deformation field.

[0024] The present application provides a rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor and its application method, the optical fiber grouting anchor comprises: an anchor assembly, a sealing assembly, a distributed optical fiber, and a fixing assembly, the anchor assembly is fixed inside the surrounding rock by drilling; the sealing assembly is installed at the first end of the anchor assembly; the distributed optical fiber is arranged inside the anchor assembly, and the distributed optical fiber is used to monitor the stress of the surrounding rock by connecting the monitoring system; the fixing assembly is arranged closely on the outer surface of the anchor assembly; wherein the anchor assembly is used to support the surrounding rock, the sealing assembly is used to prevent the slurry from overflowing from the inside of the anchor assembly, and the fixing assembly is used to fix the anchor assembly. The application method of the rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor is to drive the rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor into the surrounding rock, inject the slurry into the grouting pipe through the grouting pump, obtain the optical fiber sensing data sensed by the optical fiber sensor, collect the optical fiber sensing data, and process and analyze it to obtain the state information of the grouting process, timely discover and handle the abnormal situation in the grouting process according to the state information, and adjust the parameters of the grouting equipment according to the abnormal situation to ensure the grouting effect. This is to solve the problem that the existing strain monitoring technology is difficult to meet the long-distance strain monitoring requirements of underground surrounding rock support, thereby improving the support effect of tunnel surrounding rock and ensuring the safety and stability of mining and underground engineering. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the optical fiber grouting anchor cable for continuous sensing of rock deformation field provided in this application;

[0027] Figure 2 A flow chart of the application method of the optical fiber grouting anchor cable for continuous sensing of rock mass deformation field provided in this application;

[0028] Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of an optical fiber grouting anchor cable for continuous sensing of rock mass deformation field provided in this application;

[0029] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the connection of the optical fiber grouting anchor cable for continuous sensing of rock deformation field provided in this application;

[0030] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the layout of the optical fiber grouting anchor cable for continuous sensing of rock deformation field provided in this application;

[0031] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the transmission optical cable and measurement station locations provided for this application.

[0032] The above drawings have shown clear embodiments of the present application, which will be described in more detail later. These drawings and text descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments.

[0033] 10. Anchor cable assembly; 11. Lock body; 12. Grouting pipe; 20. Sealing assembly; 21. Grouting plug; 22. Grouting sleeve; 30. Distributed optical fiber; 40. Fixing assembly; 41. Lock; 42. Tray. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions in this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0035] In the present invention, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in this application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a specific way.

[0036] With the continuous exploitation of mineral resources, the mining depth has gradually increased, and underground engineering has become more and more complex. In the process of deep mining, the stability of surrounding rock faced by mines and tunnel projects has become increasingly prominent. The deep surrounding rock is affected by high ground stress, rock bursts and temperature changes, and its deformation and fracture behavior are more complicated. Traditional monitoring and support methods are difficult to meet the needs.

[0037] Traditional tunnel support technologies mainly include bolts, anchor cables, shotcrete, etc. Although these methods show good support effects in shallow tunnels, they have certain limitations in deep and complex environments. The internal structure of the surrounding rock is difficult to explore, so it is necessary to perform corresponding strain monitoring to provide certain safety guarantees for underground operations. With the continuous advancement of monitoring technology, the application of strain monitoring technology in rock mass will be more extensive and in-depth. Traditional roof delamination meters and FBG sensors have been widely used in many mines. However, it is difficult to meet the long-distance strain monitoring requirements of underground surrounding rock support.

[0038] In summary, the existing strain monitoring technology is difficult to meet the long-distance strain monitoring requirements of underground surrounding rock support, which is a problem that needs to be solved in this field.

[0039] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a fiber optic grouting anchor cable for continuous sensing of rock deformation field, such as Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the optical fiber grouting anchor cable for continuous sensing of rock deformation field provided in this application includes: an anchor cable assembly 10, a sealing assembly 20, a distributed optical fiber 30, and a fixing assembly 40. The anchor cable assembly 10 is fixed inside the surrounding rock by drilling; the sealing assembly 20 is installed at the first end of the anchor cable assembly 10; the distributed optical fiber 30 is set inside the anchor cable assembly 10, and the distributed optical fiber 30 is used to monitor the stress of the surrounding rock by connecting the monitoring system; the fixing assembly 40 is closely set on the outer surface of the anchor cable assembly 10; wherein, the anchor cable assembly 10 is used to support the surrounding rock, the sealing assembly 20 is used to prevent the slurry from overflowing from the inside of the anchor cable assembly 10, and the fixing assembly 40 is used to fix the anchor cable assembly 10. In order to solve the problem that the existing strain monitoring technology is difficult to meet the long-distance strain monitoring requirements of underground surrounding rock support, thereby improving the support effect of tunnel surrounding rock and ensuring the safety and stability of mining and underground engineering.

[0040] Specifically, the anchor assembly 10 includes: a lock body 11, which is a hollow tubular structure and has a grouting hole; a grouting pipe 12, which is arranged inside the lock body 11; wherein the lock body 11 is used to provide structural support and protect the grouting pipe 12, the grouting pipe 12 is used to pour slurry into the surrounding rock, and the slurry outlet hole is used to evenly distribute the slurry. It can be understood that the anchor assembly 10 supports and protects the grouting pipe 12 through the lock body 11, pours the slurry into the grouting pipe 12 and evenly distributes the slurry through the slurry outlet hole, so as to achieve the effect that the anchor assembly 10 can support the surrounding rock.

[0041] Specifically, there are multiple groups of slurry outlet holes, each group of slurry outlet holes has multiple slurry outlet holes; the multiple groups of slurry outlet holes are evenly spaced along the axial direction of the lock body 11; and the multiple slurry outlet holes in each group are evenly spaced along the circumference of the lock body 11.

[0042] Specifically, the sealing assembly 20 includes: a stop plug 21, which is annular and axially arranged on the outer surface of the first end of the lock body 11; and a grouting sleeve 22, which is installed at the port position of the first end of the stop plug 21 and has grouting holes evenly spaced in the circumferential direction. The stop plug 21 is used to prevent the slurry from leaking along the outer surface of the first end of the lock body 11, and the grouting sleeve 22 is used to connect the second end of another lock body and seal the connection between the lock body (11) and the other lock body. The grouting sleeve 22 has grouting holes evenly spaced in the circumferential direction for grouting. It can be understood that the sealing assembly 20 prevents the slurry from leaking along the outer surface of the first end of the lock body 11 through the stop plug 21, and the grouting sleeve 22 connects the second end of another lock body and seals the connection between the lock body (11) and the other lock body, so as to achieve the effect of preventing the slurry from leaking when the sealing assembly 20 injects slurry into the anchor assembly 10.

[0043] Specifically, the distributed optical fiber 30 enters from the first end of the lock body 11 and is laid inside the lock body 11, passes through the second end of the lock body 11, folds in half, and is laid again along the lock body 11 before passing through the first end of the lock body 11, wherein the distributed optical fiber 30 is used to monitor the stress of the surrounding rock by connecting the monitoring system. It can be understood that the distributed optical fiber return layout has the following obvious advantages in monitoring and data collection: Advantage 1: The return layout means that the optical fiber can perform bidirectional data collection on the same sensing path. This bidirectionality allows the optical fiber to detect changes at various points along the path, regardless of whether the changes occur from the starting point or the end point of the path, which increases the reliability and accuracy of the data. Advantage 2: Since the optical fiber is laid in a return layout, if damage or interruption occurs at one section of the path, the signal can still arrive and be collected from the other end. This provides a redundancy mechanism, which greatly improves the reliability of the entire monitoring system. Advantage 3: Through the return layout, the optical fiber passes through the same monitoring area multiple times, making the optical fiber more sensitive to subtle changes in strain, temperature or other physical quantities. This layout can improve the spatial resolution of the optical fiber, thereby more accurately reflecting the changes in the monitored object. Advantage 4: The return layout allows a larger monitoring area to be covered without increasing the length of the optical fiber. This layout can effectively reduce material costs while still achieving efficient monitoring. Advantage 5: Since the signal is reflected in the optical fiber, the interference of external environmental factors on the optical fiber signal can be reduced through appropriate design, thereby improving the measurement accuracy. Advantage 6: The return layout can not only perform multiple measurements on the same optical fiber, but also monitor different monitoring parameters (such as strain, temperature, etc.) on the same optical fiber to achieve comprehensive measurement of multiple parameters. By laying distributed optical fibers 30 in the optical fiber grouting anchor cable for continuous sensing of the rock deformation field to sense the surrounding rock stress, the effect of stress monitoring of the surrounding rock is achieved.

[0044] Specifically, the fixing assembly 40 includes: a lock 41, which is in the form of a circular ring and is circumferentially fixed to the outer surface of the first end of the lock body 11; a tray 42, which is in the form of a flat plate and is located between the lock 41 and the stop plug 21; wherein the lock 41 is used to fix the anchor assembly 10 in the installation position, and the tray 42 is used to disperse the stress of the fiber optic grouting anchor for continuous sensing of the rock deformation field. It can be understood that in the fiber optic grouting anchor for continuous sensing of the rock deformation field, the lock 41 is used to ensure that the anchor assembly 10 is fixed and stable in the installation position to prevent it from being displaced or loosened during use, and the tray 42 is used to increase the fixing area of ​​the lock body 11, thereby achieving the effect of dispersing the stress of the fiber optic grouting anchor for continuous sensing of the rock deformation field.

[0045] Furthermore, if Figure 4As shown, the rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable is 8200mm long, and the anchor cable is connected in series through the grouting sleeve 22. The distributed optical fiber 30 passes through the grouting sleeve 22 and the rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable. 12 rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cables are set as a group. A group of rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cables is used for monitoring to achieve long-distance strain monitoring of 8 to 100m underground. Specifically, the rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable lock body 11 is twisted by 8 high-strength spiral rib prestressed steel wires, each with a diameter of φ6mm, with spiral ribs, and evenly wound around the grouting pipe 12. The front end of the rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable uses a grouting sleeve 22 to rivet and weld the steel strand and the grouting pipe 12 together. The grouting sleeve 22 is used in conjunction with a wire plug, and the tail of another rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable is connected through the grouting sleeve 22. It can be understood that, taking a mine underground tunnel as an example, a group of rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cables are installed at a certain distance along both sides of the tunnel. A group of rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cables are fixed in the tunnel surrounding rock through the grouting sleeve 22, and the strain change of the surrounding rock is monitored in real time using the optical fiber sensor. The data processing system analyzes the monitoring data in real time, and once the surrounding rock strain is abnormal, an early warning signal is immediately issued to remind the staff to take corresponding measures.

[0046] Figure 2 A flow chart of the application method of the rock mass deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor provided in this application. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the application method of the rock mass deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor provided by the present invention comprises:

[0047] S201: Obtaining the rock mass deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable, the rock mass deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable comprises: a lock body 11, a grouting pipe 12, and a distributed optical fiber 30.

[0048] Among them, by laying distributed optical fiber 30 in the optical fiber grouting anchor cable for continuous sensing of rock deformation field, using distributed optical fiber sensing technology, by introducing certain optical signals in the optical fiber, and using the optical fiber transmission characteristics to monitor and measure environmental parameters in real time. Its working principle is to detect changes in environmental parameters such as temperature, strain, pressure, etc. through the scattering effect of the optical fiber or the change of the optical phase. In the distributed optical fiber sensing technology, the distributed optical fiber 30 is both a sensor and a transmission medium, which is easy to realize long-distance and distributed measurement, avoiding the problem of missed detection of point sensing; and the optical fiber is small in size, relatively easy to install, can adapt to various complex conditions, and is easy to network and information. The most important point is that the detection and sensing end of the distributed optical fiber 30 does not contain electronic components, and the sensor cable has the characteristics of intrinsic safety, and has the advantages of waterproof and moisture-proof, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, anti-electromagnetic interference, high measurement accuracy and high spatial resolution.

[0049] In summary, it can be understood that the rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor utilizes the distributed optical fiber 30 to sense the surrounding rock stress through the distributed optical fiber sensing technology, thereby achieving the effect of stress monitoring of the surrounding rock.

[0050] S202: The distributed optical fiber 30 is arranged in the grouting pipe 12 in the lock body 11, and the distributed optical fiber 30 is connected to the optical fiber sensor to complete the installation of the optical fiber grouting anchor cable for continuous sensing of the rock deformation field.

[0051] Among them, first, a drilling rig is used to drill a hole in the area that needs support to ensure that the position and depth of the hole meet the design requirements. Then, in the rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor, the distributed optical fiber 30 enters from the first end of the lock body 11 and is laid through the lock body 11. It passes through the second end of the lock body 11, folds in half, and is laid again along the inside of the lock body 11 and then passes through the first end of the lock body 11 to connect the distributed optical fiber 30 to the optical fiber sensor. The sealing component 20 and the fixing component 40 are installed on the lock body 11, and a drilling rig is used to drill holes inside the surrounding rock. The optical fiber grouting anchor cable for continuous sensing of rock deformation field is installed into the surrounding rock through the drilled holes, thereby completing the installation of the optical fiber grouting anchor cable for continuous sensing of rock deformation field. The above-mentioned prefabricated optical fiber grouting anchor cable for continuous sensing of rock deformation field is installed into the rock and soil through the drilled holes to ensure that the length and position of the optical fiber grouting anchor cable for continuous sensing of rock deformation field meet the design requirements. The optical fiber grouting anchor cable for continuous sensing of rock deformation field is pre-tightened using a special pre-tightening device to ensure that it reaches the tension level required by the design, thereby achieving the anchoring effect.

[0052] S203: Inject the slurry into the grouting pipe 12 through the grouting pump.

[0053] Among them, a grouting pipe 12 is set inside the rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor, and slurry is injected into the grouting pipe through a grouting pump to fill the rock and soil cracks around the rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor, waiting for the slurry to solidify in the rock and soil to form a solid grouting body, thereby enhancing the connection strength between the anchor and the rock and soil.

[0054] S204: Acquire optical fiber sensing data sensed by the optical fiber sensor, wherein the sensing data includes: pressure, temperature, and strain.

[0055] Among them, during the grouting process, the grouting pump is used to inject the slurry into the rock deformation field to continuously sense the periphery of the optical fiber grouting anchor cable, and the distributed optical fiber 30 is used to monitor the pressure, temperature, strain and other parameters in the grouting process in real time, and the data is transmitted to the monitoring system, and the optical fiber sensing data sensed by the optical fiber sensor is obtained through the monitoring system. The monitoring system detects the distributed optical fiber 30 through the distributed optical fiber sensing technology to monitor the pressure, temperature, strain and other parameters in the grouting process in real time. The specific method of obtaining the optical fiber sensing data can be obtained through the database interface, such as ODBC (Open Database Connectivity), JDBC (Java Database Connectivity), etc., or through the REST API interface. The specific acquisition method is determined according to the actual situation and is not limited here.

[0056] S205: Collecting optical fiber sensing data, processing and analyzing it to obtain status information during the grouting process.

[0057] The data transmitted by the distributed optical fiber 30 is collected in real time by the monitoring system, and processed and analyzed to obtain the status information during the grouting process. The monitoring system detects the distributed optical fiber 30 through the distributed optical fiber sensing technology to monitor the pressure, temperature, strain and other parameters in the grouting process in real time. The processing and analysis process uses the existing distributed optical fiber sensing technology, which is a routine operation for those skilled in the art, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0058] S206: timely discover and handle abnormal situations in the grouting process according to the status information, and adjust the parameters of the grouting equipment according to the abnormal situations.

[0059] Among them, the way to deal with abnormal situations in the grouting process is to conduct specific analysis and processing according to the causes of the abnormal situations. For example, if the status information shows that there is slurry leakage during the grouting process, the rock deformation field will be checked and located to continuously sense the leakage position and cause of the optical fiber grouting anchor, and the leakage point will be handled in time to ensure the grouting effect.

[0060] Specifically, the distributed optical fiber 30 is arranged in the grouting pipe 12 in the lock body 11, and the distributed optical fiber 30 is connected to the optical fiber sensor to complete the installation of the optical fiber grouting anchor cable for continuous sensing of rock deformation field, including the following steps:

[0061] Step 1: Arrange the distributed optical fiber 30 in the grouting pipe 12 in the lock body 11, and connect the distributed optical fiber 30 to the optical fiber sensor;

[0062] Among them, Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, in the continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable of rock deformation field, the distributed optical fiber 30 enters from the first end of the grouting pipe 12 in the lock body 11 and is laid inside the grouting pipe 12. After passing through the second end of the grouting pipe 12, the distributed optical fiber 30 is folded in half and laid again along the inside of the grouting pipe 12 and then passed through the first end of the grouting pipe 12, and the distributed optical fiber 30 is connected to the optical fiber sensor. The lock body 11 is driven into the surrounding rock 60, and the grouting material 50 is injected into the lock body 11. The distributed optical fiber 30 is both a sensor and a transmission medium, which is easy to realize long-distance and distributed measurement, avoiding the problem of missed detection of point sensing; and the optical fiber is small in size, relatively easy to install, can adapt to various complex conditions, and is easy to network and information. The most important point is that the detection and sensing end of the distributed optical fiber 30 does not contain electronic components, and the sensor optical cable has the characteristics of intrinsic safety, and has the advantages of waterproof and moisture-proof, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, anti-electromagnetic interference, high measurement accuracy and high spatial resolution.

[0063] In summary, it can be understood that the rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor utilizes the distributed optical fiber 30 to sense the surrounding rock stress through the distributed optical fiber sensing technology, thereby achieving the effect of stress monitoring of the surrounding rock.

[0064] Step 2: Install the sealing assembly 20 and the fixing assembly 40 on the lock body 11;

[0065] The sealing assembly 20 prevents the slurry from leaking along the outer surface of the first end of the lock body 11 through the slurry stopper 21, and the grouting sleeve 22 connects the second end of another lock body and seals the connection between the lock body 11 and the other lock body, so as to achieve the effect of preventing the slurry from leaking when the sealing assembly 20 injects slurry into the anchor assembly 10. In the rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor, the fixing assembly 40 ensures the fixation and stability of the anchor assembly 10 at the installation position through the lock 41 to prevent it from displacement or loosening during use, and increases the fixing area of ​​the lock body 11 through the tray 42, so as to achieve the effect of dispersing the stress of the rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor.

[0066] Step 3: Use a drilling rig to drill holes inside the surrounding rock, install the fiber optic grouting anchor cable for continuous sensing of rock deformation field into the surrounding rock through the drill holes, and complete the installation of the fiber optic grouting anchor cable for continuous sensing of rock deformation field.

[0067] Among them, a drilling rig is used to drill holes inside the surrounding rock, and the fiber optic grouting anchor for continuous sensing of rock deformation field is installed into the surrounding rock through the drilled holes. The prefabricated fiber optic grouting anchor for continuous sensing of rock deformation field is installed into the rock and soil through the drilled holes to ensure that the length and position of the fiber optic grouting anchor for continuous sensing of rock deformation field meet the design requirements. The fiber optic grouting anchor for continuous sensing of rock deformation field is pre-tightened using special pre-tightening equipment to ensure that it reaches the tension level required by the design, thereby achieving the anchoring effect.

[0068] It can be understood that in specific implementation, the rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor is a new type of support method that combines optical fiber monitoring technology and underground engineering anchor support technology. Figure 5 As shown, by using the full-field stress, strain, and temperature monitoring of the distributed optical fiber 501, the visual monitoring and control of the grouting anchoring process of the grouting anchor cable can be realized. The grouting anchor cable is usually laid in the roof, side wall, or bottom plate of the tunnel where support is required. When designing the reinforced support of the grouting anchor cable, the θ21.8×8200 grouting anchor cable 502 is used, and the row spacing between the anchor cables is 1600mm. Every three anchor cables form a group, and the row spacing between groups is 1000mm. According to the specific structure and rock formation conditions of the tunnel, the most suitable layout position is determined. Its layout spacing and density need to be determined according to factors such as the size, lithology, and geological conditions of the tunnel. Generally, it can be laid along the length of the tunnel, or it can be laid crosswise or in a grid to enhance the support effect and uniformity. When the optical fiber is laid in the tunnel, one rock deformation field is selected from the top plate, the two sides, and the bottom plate to continuously sense the optical fiber grouting anchor cable to analyze and illustrate the coupling relationship between it and the surrounding rock. The relationship between the optical fiber, the grouting anchor and the surrounding rock, the optical fiber is wrapped with a protective sheath, which is injected into the anchor grouting pipe 12 and fixed and installed by a clamp. The connection method between the anchor and the anchor point or anchor rod 503 and other supporting structures needs to consider firmness and stability, and usually adopts bolt connection or welding.

[0069] like Figure 6 As shown, during the grouting anchor cable installation process, it is necessary to reasonably set monitoring points in order to monitor and evaluate the support effect and status of the anchor cable in real time. The optical fiber grouting anchor cable 601 at each position is connected through a 4-core transmission optical cable 602 and a main transmission optical cable 603, which are collected to the main communication optical cable of the non-mining side by hanging it on the top plate and grooving it on the bottom plate. This patent plans to install 3 measuring stations for anchor cable strain monitoring, so as to take necessary maintenance and reinforcement measures in time.

[0070] The fiber optic grouting anchor cable designed by the patent for rock mass deformation field continuous sensing is a new type of support method that uses distributed fiber optic monitoring technology to achieve continuous sensing of rock mass deformation. Its main steps are as follows:

[0071] (1) Preparation: Before the grouting process, it is necessary to prepare the necessary equipment and materials such as grouting equipment, grouting materials, optical fiber sensors, and demodulators.

[0072] (2) Optical fiber deployment: Distributed optical fiber is deployed in the grouting pipe 12 of the anchor cable, which is conducive to the safe deployment of the optical fiber and is not interfered by external factors, so as to realize real-time monitoring of the grouting process.

[0073] (3) Grouting process: During the grouting process, the grouting liquid is injected into the surrounding area of ​​the anchor cable through a grouting pump. At the same time, optical fiber is used to monitor the pressure, temperature, strain and other parameters in the grouting process in real time, and the data is transmitted to the monitoring system.

[0074] (4) Data acquisition and processing: The monitoring system collects data transmitted by the optical fiber in real time, and processes and analyzes it to obtain relevant parameters and status information during the grouting process.

[0075] (5) Visual display: The processed monitoring data is displayed in a visual form on the interface of the monitoring system, including real-time curve graphs, data statistics, abnormal alarms and other functions, so that operators can clearly understand the real-time situation of the grouting process, and facilitate timely response to various abnormal situations and make corresponding solutions.

[0076] (6) Monitoring and adjustment: Based on the monitoring data displayed visually during grouting, operators can promptly detect and handle abnormal situations during the grouting process, adjust the parameters of the grouting equipment to ensure the grouting effect, and ultimately achieve high-strength support for the anchor cable.

[0077] The grouting anchor cables monitored by optical fiber can realize real-time and continuous monitoring of the rock mass, improve the safety and efficiency of anchor cable support, and ultimately achieve the purpose of high-precision monitoring and control of rock mass deformation.

[0078] This patented design intends to use stimulated Brillouin optical time-domain scattering (BOTDA) technology to monitor the stress of the grouting hollow pipe throughout the entire process, and to determine the process of the grouting process by monitoring the slurry to ensure the efficient support of the grouting anchor.

[0079] The basic principle of BOTDA is to use the optical fiber itself as a sensing element. When the measured optical fiber is subjected to external force or temperature changes, the backward stimulated Brillouin scattering excites longitudinal acoustic waves in the optical fiber. The frequency difference between the scattered light and the incident light is defined as the Brillouin frequency shift (BFS). This parameter is a function of the temperature and strain of the optical fiber. Therefore, the temperature and strain can be measured by measuring the Brillouin frequency shift. The change in Brillouin frequency shift and the change in temperature and strain are:

[0080] Δε=[ΔV B -C 1 ΔT] / C 2

[0081] Where Δε is the strain change; ΔV B is the Brillouin frequency shift, the unit of which is MHz; C1 is the temperature sensitivity coefficient, the unit of which is MHz / ℃; ΔT is the temperature change, the unit of which is: ℃; C2 is the strain sensitivity coefficient, the strain sensitivity coefficient is 103GHz. For single-mode optical fiber, the temperature and stress coefficients are approximately 1.07MHz / ℃ and 0.05MHz / με, respectively. Therefore, by measuring the BFS distribution along the optical fiber, distributed monitoring of temperature and stress can be performed.

[0082] Compared with traditional anchor cables, the rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable of the present invention is a threaded tightening anchor cable that combines a pre-tightening steel wire and a grouting pipe 12. The unique design of the rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable allows the slurry to be injected into the rock cracks around the anchor cable through the hollow tube, thereby giving full play to the strength advantage of the rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable, while also retaining the ductility of traditional anchor cables. Specifically, the slurry of the rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable enters the anchor cable through the grouting pipe 12, expands the cracks of the surrounding rocks, and bonds the broken rocks to form a more solid rock mass. These intact rock masses provide reliable support for the anchor cable, allowing the anchor cable to maintain its original effect when subjected to force. Through the fixing effect of the rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable, the rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable forms a whole with the surrounding rock mass, increasing the force-bearing area and force-bearing capacity, thereby improving the role of the support system. The design of the fiber optic grouting anchor cable with continuous sensing of rock deformation field makes it have higher support effect and reliability, and is suitable for underground engineering and mining under various rock conditions.

[0083] After the rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable is pre-tightened, the hollow grouting pipe 12 in the anchor cable is used to grout the tunnel surrounding rock. Compared with the traditional anchor cable support, the overall strength of the rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable will increase by about 20%. For the free section of the rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable, the full anchoring method is adopted this time, which can effectively improve the integrity of the anchor cable and the surrounding rock, make the anchor cable force uniform, improve the force uniformity of the anchor cable, increase the support strength of the entire support body, and allow the tunnel to be more effectively supported. After the tunnel is grouting reinforced, the surrounding rock cracks can be effectively filled, and the density and integrity of the surrounding rock can be effectively improved, especially with the original mesh, anchor rods and steel belts in the tunnel. The support materials form a combined support structure, improve the impact resistance of the tunnel surrounding rock, promote the top plate to be more evenly transmitted, effectively alleviate the top plate stress state, make the overall stress of the tunnel more uniform, strictly prevent the occurrence of tunnel stress concentration, and enhance the overall safety of the tunnel surrounding rock.

[0084] The construction process of the fiber optic grouting anchor cable for continuous sensing of rock deformation field usually includes the following steps:

[0085] (1) Drilling: First, use a drilling rig to drill holes in the area that needs support, ensuring that the location and depth of the holes meet the design requirements.

[0086] (2) Installing the fiber optic grouting anchor cable for continuous sensing of rock deformation field: Install the prefabricated fiber optic grouting anchor cable for continuous sensing of rock deformation field into the rock and soil through drilling holes, ensuring that the length and position of the anchor cable meet the design requirements.

[0087] (3) Pre-tightening of the rock deformation field continuous sensing fiber optic grouting anchor cable: Use special pre-tightening equipment to pre-tighten the anchor cable to ensure that it reaches the tension level required by the design, thereby achieving the anchoring effect.

[0088] (4) Grouting: A grouting pipe 12 is arranged above the grouting hole of the optical fiber grouting anchor cable for continuously sensing the rock deformation field, and slurry is injected into the grouting pipe 12 by a grouting pump to fill the rock and soil cracks around the optical fiber grouting anchor cable for continuously sensing the rock deformation field.

[0089] (5) Solidification: Wait for the slurry to solidify in the rock and soil to form a solid grouting body and enhance the connection strength between the anchor cable and the rock and soil.

[0090] (6) Inspection and acceptance: The installed rock deformation field continuous sensing fiber optic grouting anchor cables are inspected and accepted to ensure that they meet the design requirements and construction standards and achieve the expected support effect.

[0091] Through the above process steps, it can be ensured that the rock deformation field is continuously sensed and the optical fiber grouting anchor cable can achieve the expected support effect during the construction process, thereby improving the safety and stability of the project.

[0092] The fiber optic grouting anchor cable with continuous perception of rock deformation field can realize automatic control and adjustment of the grouting process through high-precision real-time monitoring of fiber optic sensing technology, thereby improving support efficiency and support strength.

[0093] In the process of making the fiber optic grouting anchor cable for continuous sensing of rock deformation field, the steel strand bundled with the metal-based cable-shaped strain optical cable is pushed into the hole along the borehole, and the cement slurry is pumped into the borehole by a grouting machine until the entire borehole is filled. The two ends of the distributed optical fiber 30 are fixed with clamps respectively, one end is locked with a lock 41 so that it can be fixed inside the anchor cable, and the other end is installed with a metal guide on the distributed optical fiber 30 clamp to provide a certain protection for the distributed optical fiber 30. The distributed optical fiber 30 is bent and rotated here to realize the layout of the distributed optical fiber 30. The entire fiber optic grouting anchor cable for continuous sensing of rock deformation field is composed of a steel strand, a grouting pipe 12, a tray 42, a lock 41, etc., which realizes the integrated work of anchoring, anchor cable pre-tightening and hollow tube grouting, and the connection form of the grout stopper 21, the anchor and the fiber optic grouting anchor cable for continuous sensing of rock deformation field. The upper end of the rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor lock body 11 adopts a resin drug roll end anchor, and the lower end is locked with a lock 41. When installing, after the resin drug roll solidifies, a pre-tightening force can be applied. At this time, the immediate load can play the role of active support. The end of the rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor has a grouting hole, and the number of grouting holes varies. The gaps of the steel strands around the grouting holes are large, which can meet the grouting requirements of the hole mouth. This layout method has the advantages of high protection performance, no influence on mechanical parameters and simple construction.

[0094] The rock mass deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor lock body 11 is formed by twisting 8 high-strength spiral rib prestressed steel wires, each with a diameter of φ6mm and its own spiral ribs, and is evenly wound around the grouting pipe 12.

[0095] The front end of the rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable uses a grouting sleeve 22 to rivet and weld the steel strand and the grouting pipe 12 together. The grouting sleeve 22 is used in conjunction with the wire plug to connect the tail of another rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable through the grouting sleeve 22.

[0096] The selected rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable is 8200 mm long. The rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cables are connected in series through the above-mentioned connection method. Twelve rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cables form a group. Then, using a group of rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cables for monitoring can achieve long-distance strain monitoring of 8 to 100 m underground.

[0097] In summary, directly embedding the distributed optical fiber 30 into the hollow tube of the rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor is a reliable, stable and well-protected deployment method, which is suitable for real-time monitoring and long-term support of the rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor.

[0098] The fiber optic grouting anchor cable with continuous sensing of rock deformation field is a new type of support method that combines fiber optic monitoring technology and underground engineering anchor cable support technology. By using the full-field stress, strain, and temperature monitoring of distributed optical fiber 30, the visual monitoring and control of the grouting and anchoring process of the fiber optic grouting anchor cable with continuous sensing of rock deformation field can be achieved. The fiber optic grouting anchor cable with continuous sensing of rock deformation field is usually laid in the top plate, side wall or bottom plate of the tunnel and other parts that need support. When designing the reinforcement support of the fiber optic grouting anchor cable with continuous sensing of rock deformation field, the θ21.8×8200 fiber optic grouting anchor cable with continuous sensing of rock deformation field is used. The row spacing between the fiber optic grouting anchor cables with continuous sensing of rock deformation field is 1600mm, and each three cables form a group, and the row spacing between groups is 1000mm.

[0099] According to the specific structure and rock formation conditions of the tunnel, the most suitable layout position is determined. The layout spacing and density need to be determined according to factors such as the size, lithology, and geological conditions of the tunnel. Generally, it can be laid along the length of the tunnel, or it can be laid crosswise or in a grid to enhance the support effect and uniformity. When the distributed optical fiber 30 is laid in the tunnel, one rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor is selected from the top plate, the two sides, and the bottom plate to analyze and illustrate the coupling relationship between it and the surrounding rock. The relationship between the distributed optical fiber 30, the rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor and the surrounding rock, the distributed optical fiber 30 is wrapped with a protective sheath, which is injected into the anchor grouting pipe 12 and fixed and installed by a clamp. The connection method between the anchor cable and the supporting structure such as the anchor point or anchor rod needs to consider firmness and stability, and usually adopts bolt connection or welding.

[0100] During the deployment of the fiber optic grouting anchor cable for continuous sensing of rock deformation field, it is necessary to reasonably set up monitoring points so as to monitor and evaluate the support effect and status of the fiber optic grouting anchor cable for continuous sensing of rock deformation field in real time. The fiber optic grouting anchor cable for continuous sensing of rock deformation field at each position is connected through a 4-core transmission optical cable, which is collected to the main communication optical cable of the non-mining side by hanging it on the top plate and grooving it on the bottom plate. This patent plans to install 3 measuring stations for anchor cable strain monitoring so as to take necessary maintenance and reinforcement measures in time.

[0101] It should be noted that, for the aforementioned method embodiments, for the sake of simplicity, they are all expressed as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should be aware that the present application is not limited by the described order of actions, because according to the present application, certain steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in the specification are all optional embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by the present application.

[0102] It should be understood that the above-mentioned device embodiments are only illustrative, and the device of the present application can also be implemented in other ways. For example, the division of units / modules in the above-mentioned embodiments is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units, modules or components can be combined, or can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.

[0103] In addition, unless otherwise specified, each functional unit / module in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one unit / module, each unit / module may exist physically separately, or two or more units / modules may be integrated together. The above-mentioned integrated unit / module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software program module.

[0104] It should be understood that the present application is not limited to the precise structures that have been described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A fiber optic grouting anchor cable for continuous sensing of rock mass deformation field, characterized in that: The optical fiber grouting anchor cable comprises: An anchor cable assembly (10), wherein the anchor cable assembly (10) is fixed inside the surrounding rock through drilling; A sealing assembly (20), the sealing assembly (20) being installed at a first end position of the anchor cable assembly (10); A distributed optical fiber (30), the distributed optical fiber (30) being arranged throughout the interior of the anchor cable assembly (10), the distributed optical fiber (30) being connected to a monitoring system to monitor the stress of the surrounding rock; A fixing assembly (40), wherein the fixing assembly (40) is arranged in close contact with the outer surface of the anchor cable assembly (10); The anchor cable assembly (10) is used to support the surrounding rock, the sealing assembly (20) is used to prevent slurry from overflowing from the inside of the anchor cable assembly (10), and the fixing assembly (40) is used to fix the anchor cable assembly (10).

2. The rock mass deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor cable assembly (10) comprises: A lock body (11), wherein the lock body (11) is a hollow tubular structure and has a pulp outlet hole; A grouting pipe (12), wherein the grouting pipe (12) is arranged through the interior of the lock body (11); The lock body (11) is used to provide structural support and protect the grouting pipe (12), the grouting pipe (12) is used to inject grout into the surrounding rock, and the grouting hole is used to evenly distribute the grout.

3. The rock mass deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The slurry outlet holes are in a plurality of groups, each group having a plurality of slurry outlet holes; the plurality of groups of slurry outlet holes are evenly spaced and arranged along the axial direction of the lock body (11); and the plurality of slurry outlet holes in each group are evenly spaced and opened along the circumference of the lock body (11).

4. The rock mass deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sealing assembly (20) comprises: A slurry stopping plug (21), the slurry stopping plug (21) is annular and is axially arranged on the outer surface of the first end of the lock body (11); A grouting sleeve (22) installed at the first end of the grouting plug (21); The grout stopper (21) is used to prevent slurry from leaking along the outer surface of the first end of the lock body (11), and the grouting sleeve (22) is used to connect the second end of another lock body and seal the connection between the lock body (11) and the other lock body.

5. The rock mass deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distributed optical fiber (30) enters from the first end of the lock body (11), penetrates through the interior of the lock body (11), passes through the second end of the lock body (11), is folded in half, is again laid along the interior of the lock body (11), and then passes through the first end of the lock body (11), wherein the distributed optical fiber (30) monitors the stress of the surrounding rock by connecting to a monitoring system.

6. The rock mass deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixing assembly (40) comprises: A lock (41), the lock (41) being in the form of a circular ring and circumferentially fixed to the outer surface of the first end of the lock body (11); A tray (42), wherein the tray (42) is in the shape of a flat plate and is located between the lock (41) and the stop plug (21); The lock (41) is used to fix the anchor cable assembly (10) at the installation position, and the tray (42) is used to disperse the rock mass deformation field to continuously sense the stress on the optical fiber grouting anchor cable.

7. The rock mass deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rock mass deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable is 8200 mm long and is connected in series through the grouting casing (22). Twelve of the rock mass deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cables are arranged as a group. Monitoring is performed using a group of the rock mass deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cables to achieve long-distance strain monitoring of 8 to 100 m underground.

8. An application method of optical fiber grouting anchor cable for continuous sensing of rock mass deformation field, characterized in that: The method for applying the optical fiber grouting anchor cable for continuous sensing of rock mass deformation field according to any one of claims 1 to 5 to the optical fiber grouting anchor cable for continuous sensing of rock mass deformation field comprises: An optical fiber grouting anchor cable for obtaining continuous perception of rock mass deformation field, the optical fiber grouting anchor cable for obtaining continuous perception of rock mass deformation field comprises: a lock body (11), a grouting pipe (12), and a distributed optical fiber (30); The distributed optical fiber (30) is arranged in the grouting pipe (12) in the lock body (11), and the distributed optical fiber (30) is connected to the optical fiber sensor to complete the installation of the optical fiber grouting anchor cable for continuous sensing of rock deformation field; Injecting slurry into the grouting pipe (12) through a grouting pump; Acquiring optical fiber sensing data sensed by the optical fiber sensor, wherein the sensing data includes: pressure, temperature, and strain; Collecting the optical fiber sensing data, and processing and analyzing it to obtain status information during the grouting process; Abnormal conditions in the grouting process are discovered and handled in a timely manner according to the status information, and parameters of the grouting equipment are adjusted according to the abnormal conditions.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The step of arranging the distributed optical fiber (30) in the grouting pipe (12) in the lock body (11) and connecting the distributed optical fiber (30) to an optical fiber sensor to complete the installation of the rock mass deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable comprises: Arranging the distributed optical fiber (30) in the grouting pipe (12) in the lock body (11), and connecting the distributed optical fiber (30) to an optical fiber sensor; Installing a sealing component (20) and a fixing component (40) on the lock body (11); A drilling rig is used to drill a hole inside the surrounding rock, and the rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable is installed into the surrounding rock through the drill hole to complete the installation of the rock deformation field continuous sensing optical fiber grouting anchor cable.

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