Low-water-head efficient hydroelectric generation system

Abstract

The invention provides a low-water-head efficient hydroelectric generation system, which belongs to the technical field of hydroelectric generation and comprises a river channel and a system body, a dam body is arranged at the top end of the river channel, a power generation chamber is arranged in the dam body, an equipment chamber is connected to the top end of the power generation chamber, a water diversion gate is mounted on one side of the power generation chamber, and a water inlet pipe is connected to one end of the water diversion gate; one end of the water outlet pipe penetrates through the other end of the dam body, a filter screen is installed at one end of the water inlet pipe, a cleaning mechanism is arranged on one side of the filter screen, a driving mechanism is installed on the side, close to the cleaning mechanism, of the top end of the dam body, and a flood discharge gate is installed at the top end of the dam body. According to the flood discharge gate, automatic cleaning of the surface of the filter screen can be effectively achieved, impurities are prevented from blocking the filter screen, the water flow speed is increased, the power generation efficiency is improved, and the flood discharge gate has high practical value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hydropower generation, and in particular to a low-head high-efficiency hydropower generation system. Background Art

[0002] Low-head hydropower stations are a form of hydroelectric power generation that is suitable for locations with a small head difference, that is, where the height difference between the water source and the power generation site is not large. Specifically, most low-head hydropower stations are built in the middle and lower reaches of rivers with gentle slopes. These locations are usually convenient for transportation, close to power consumption centers, and have relatively convenient construction conditions.

[0003] For example, a Chinese patent with publication number CN115324808A discloses a low-head dam body horizontal flow hydroelectric power generation system and control system, comprising a main dam, wherein two ends of the main dam are respectively connected to two ends of a river channel, the main dam divides the river channel into an upstream river channel and a downstream river channel, a diversion channel is opened on one side or both sides of the river channel, the diversion channel is located on the side bank of the river channel, a river channel dam is erected between the diversion channel and the river channel, the water inlet of the diversion channel is communicated with the upstream river channel, the water outlet of the diversion channel is communicated with the downstream river channel, a diversion gate is arranged at the water inlet of the diversion channel, a water dividing wall and a power generation component are arranged in the diversion channel, the diversion channel is divided into a main power generation system channel and an auxiliary power generation system channel by the diversion wall, the auxiliary power generation system channel is provided with a water regulating gate near the water inlet of the diversion gate, and the power generation component comprises a main power generation component arranged in the main power generation system channel and an auxiliary power generation component arranged in the auxiliary power generation system channel; The technical solution recorded in the scheme is to open a water diversion channel on the side of the river channel, set up a separated main power generation system channel and a secondary power generation system channel in the water diversion channel, and use a water diversion gate and a water regulating gate to adjust the water volume of the main power generation system channel and the secondary power generation system channel, so as to control the operation of multiple power generation components set in the main power generation system channel and the secondary power generation system channel. The structural design of the automatic clutch multi-unit of the turbine can fully meet the maximum utilization of the runoff water flow for power generation under different water volumes and different flow rates in the runoff river channel. However, when the scheme is used, the surface of the filter screen does not have a cleaning function, which makes it easy for debris to adhere to its surface, resulting in a low water flow rate in the water diversion channel, affecting the power generation efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, in view of this, research and improvement are conducted on the existing structure and defects, and a low-head and high-efficiency hydropower generation system is provided, in order to achieve a purpose with greater practical value. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiment of the present invention provides a low-head high-efficiency hydroelectric power generation system to solve the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0006] In view of the above problems, the technical solution proposed by the present invention is: A low-head high-efficiency hydroelectric power generation system comprises a river channel and a system body, wherein a dam body is provided at the top of the river channel, a power generation chamber is provided inside the dam body, the top of the power generation chamber is connected to an equipment chamber, a water diversion gate is installed on one side of the power generation chamber, one end of the water diversion gate is connected to a water inlet pipe, one end of the water inlet pipe passes through one end of the dam body, a water outlet pipe is connected to the bottom end of the power generation chamber, one end of the water outlet pipe passes through the other end of the dam body, a filter is installed at one end of the water inlet pipe, a cleaning mechanism is provided on one side of the filter, a driving mechanism is installed at the top of the dam body on a side close to the cleaning mechanism, a flood discharge gate is installed at the top of the dam body, the cleaning mechanism is provided with a sewage discharge mechanism on a side away from the flood discharge gate, and a power generation mechanism is provided inside the power generation chamber.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, two ends of the dam body are respectively connected to two ends of the river channel, and the dam body divides the river channel into an upstream river channel and a downstream river channel.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the power generation mechanism includes a turbine, a rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the middle of the top of the turbine, the outer side of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the top of the power generation chamber, a generator is installed at the bottom end of the interior of the equipment chamber, the input end of the generator is connected to the output end of an automatic clutch, and the input end of the automatic clutch is connected to one end of the rotating shaft.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a fixed base is installed at one end of the dam body, and the cleaning mechanism includes a bucket elevator. A scraper is installed on one side of the bucket of the bucket elevator, one end of the scraper is in contact with one side of the filter screen, the bottom end of the bucket elevator is fixedly connected to the top end of the fixed base, and a plurality of drainage holes are provided on the outside of the bucket of the bucket elevator.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the sewage discharge mechanism includes a sewage discharge chute, which is inclined, and a stand is installed at the bottom end of the sewage discharge chute, and the bottom end of the stand is fixedly connected to the top end of the fixed base.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the driving mechanism includes a pair of retaining frames, the inner sides of the pair of retaining frames are rotatably connected with a connecting shaft, the outer side of the connecting shaft is mounted with a water wheel, a small sprocket is installed at one end of the connecting shaft, a large sprocket is mounted on the driving shaft of the bucket elevator, and the outer sides of the small sprocket and the large sprocket are both mounted with chains.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the scraper is arranged at an angle and is made of silicone material.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a water level sensor is installed on one side of the flood discharge gate.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the system body includes a hydropower control unit, a communication module, a grid-connected inverter module and a liquid level detection module; the hydropower control unit collects electrical signals from the generator to obtain the generator's power generation information; the hydropower control unit collects liquid level signals from the water level sensor to obtain liquid level information of the upstream river; the hydropower control unit collects electrical signals from the grid-connected inverter unit to obtain grid-connected load power supply and demand information; the hydropower control unit communicates with an external power dispatching center through the communication module to obtain power supply and demand information; the hydropower control unit controls the opening and closing of the water diversion gate and the flood discharge gate according to the liquid level information, the generator's power generation information, the grid-connected load power supply and demand information and the power supply and demand information; the hydropower control unit controls the disconnection and engagement of the automatic clutch according to the generator's power generation information and the power supply and demand information; the hydropower control unit controls the grid-connected inverter module to work and converts the DC power of the working generator into AC power for grid connection.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: a water inlet pipe is connected to one end of the water diversion gate to realize the water inlet function of the power generation chamber, and the water inlet pipe switch function is provided; a filter is installed at one end of the water inlet pipe to realize the impurity filtering function of the water inlet pipe, so as to avoid impurities blocking the water inlet pipe and damaging the power generation mechanism, thereby improving the power generation efficiency; a flood discharge gate is installed at the top of the dam body to realize the flood discharge function; through the cooperation of the generator, the automatic clutch, the rotating shaft and the turbine, the turbine rotation can drive the generator to generate electricity, and the generator and the rotating shaft have the disconnection and connection functions; through the setting of the bucket elevator, the debris is lifted and discharged; a scraper is installed on one side of the bucket of the bucket elevator, so that the scraper can filter the filter when the bucket elevator is running The surface of the net is cleaned, and the sewage chute is inclined to facilitate the discharge of impurities through the sewage chute. A water wheel is installed on the outside of the connecting shaft, so that the water flow can drive the water wheel to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the connecting shaft. Chains are installed on the outside of the small sprocket and the outside of the large sprocket, so that the bucket elevator can be driven to operate by rotating the connecting shaft, thereby improving energy saving. The scraper is inclined to facilitate the scraper to scrape off impurities on the filter screen, and at the same time, it is convenient for impurities to enter the hopper of the bucket elevator. A water level sensor is installed on one side of the flood discharge gate to realize the upstream river water level monitoring function. The present invention can effectively realize automatic cleaning of the surface of the filter screen, avoid impurities clogging the filter screen, increase water flow rate, and improve power generation efficiency, and has high practical value.

[0016] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention, it can be implemented according to the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a dam structure of a low-head high-efficiency hydroelectric power generation system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a power generation mechanism of a low-head high-efficiency hydroelectric power generation system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A low-head high-efficiency hydropower generation system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure in the middle; Figure 4 A low-head high-efficiency hydropower generation system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 Middle B is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure; Figure 5 A low-head high-efficiency hydropower generation system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the C structure; Figure 6 The present invention is a system block diagram of a low-head high-efficiency hydropower generation system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Reference numerals: 100, river channel; 10001, upstream river channel; 10002, downstream river channel; 101, dam body; 10101, water inlet pipe; 10102, equipment chamber; 10103, power generation chamber; 10104, water outlet pipe; 102, power generation mechanism; 10201, turbine; 10202, rotating shaft; 10203, automatic clutch; 10204, generator; 103, water diversion gate; 104, filter screen; 10 5. Fixed base; 106. Cleaning mechanism; 10601. Bucket elevator; 10602. Scraper; 107. Sewage discharge mechanism; 10701. Sewage discharge chute; 10702. Stand; 108. Driving mechanism; 10801. Retaining frame; 10802. Connecting shaft; 10803. Water wheel; 10804. Small sprocket; 10805. Chain; 10806. Large sprocket; 109. Flood gate; 110. Water level sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0020] Embodiment 1 Reference Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, a low-head high-efficiency hydroelectric power generation system includes a river channel 100 and a system body. A dam body 101 is provided at the top of the river channel 100. A power generation chamber 10103 is provided inside the dam body 101. The top of the power generation chamber 10103 is connected to an equipment chamber 10102. A water diversion gate 103 is installed on one side of the power generation chamber 10103. One end of the water diversion gate 103 is connected to an inlet pipe 10101. One end of the inlet pipe 10101 passes through one end of the dam body 101. The bottom end of the power generation chamber 10103 is connected to an outlet pipe 10104. One end of the outlet pipe 10104 passes through the other end of the dam body 101. A filter screen 104 is installed at one end of the inlet pipe 10101. A cleaning mechanism 106 is provided on one side of the filter screen 104. A driving mechanism 108 is installed on the top side close to the cleaning mechanism 106, a flood discharge gate 109 is installed on the top of the dam body 101, and a sewage discharge mechanism 107 is provided on the side of the cleaning mechanism 106 away from the flood discharge gate 109. A power generation mechanism 102 is provided inside the power generation chamber 10103, and a water inlet pipe 10101 is connected to one end of the water diversion gate 103 to realize the water inlet function of the power generation chamber 10103. At the same time, the water inlet pipe 10101 has a switching function. A filter net 104 is installed at one end of the water inlet pipe 10101 to realize the impurity filtering function of the water inlet pipe 10101, thereby preventing impurities from clogging the water inlet pipe 10101 and damaging the power generation mechanism 102, thereby improving the power generation efficiency. A flood discharge gate 109 is installed on the top of the dam body 101 to realize the flood discharge function.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present invention, further, two ends of the dam body 101 are respectively connected to two ends of the river channel 100 , and the dam body 101 divides the river channel 100 into an upstream river channel 10001 and a downstream river channel 10002 .

[0022] An embodiment of the present invention is further characterized in that the power generation mechanism 102 includes a turbine 10201, a rotating shaft 10202 is rotatably connected to the middle of the top of the turbine 10201, the outer side of the rotating shaft 10202 is rotatably connected to the top of the power generation chamber 10103, a generator 10204 is installed at the bottom of the inner part of the equipment chamber 10102, the input end of the generator 10204 is connected to the output end of the automatic clutch 10203, the input end of the automatic clutch 10203 is connected to one end of the rotating shaft 10202, and the generator 10204, the automatic clutch 10203, the rotating shaft 10202 and the turbine 10201 cooperate to realize the rotation of the turbine 10201 to drive the generator 10204 to generate electricity, and the generator 10204 and the rotating shaft 10202 have the functions of disconnecting and connecting.

[0023] An embodiment of the function of the present invention, further, a fixed base 105 is installed at one end of the dam body 101, and the cleaning mechanism 106 includes a bucket elevator 10601, a scraper 10602 is installed on one side of the bucket of the bucket elevator 10601, one end of the scraper 10602 is in contact with one side of the filter 104, the bottom end of the bucket elevator 10601 is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed base 105, a plurality of drainage holes are provided on the outside of the bucket of the bucket elevator 10601, and the debris is lifted and discharged through the setting of the bucket elevator 10601, and the scraper 10602 is installed on one side of the bucket of the bucket elevator 10601, so that the scraper 10602 can clean the surface of the filter 104 when the bucket elevator 10601 is running.

[0024] An embodiment of the present invention further comprises a sewage discharge mechanism 107 which comprises a sewage discharge chute 10701 which is inclined and a stand 10702 is installed at the bottom end of the sewage discharge chute 10701. The bottom end of the stand 10702 is fixedly connected to the top end of the fixed base 105. The sewage discharge chute 10701 is inclined to facilitate the discharge of impurities through the sewage discharge chute 10701.

[0025] According to an embodiment of the present invention, further, the driving mechanism 108 includes a pair of retaining frames 10801, the inner sides of the pair of retaining frames 10801 are rotatably connected with a connecting shaft 10802, the outer side of the connecting shaft 10802 is provided with a water wheel 10803, one end of the connecting shaft 10802 is installed with a small sprocket 10804, the driving shaft of the bucket elevator 10601 is provided with a large sprocket 10806, the outer sides of the small sprocket 10804 and the outer sides of the large sprocket 10806 are provided with a chain 10805, the outer side of the connecting shaft 10802 is provided with the water wheel 10803, so that the water flow can drive the water wheel 10803 to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the connecting shaft 10802, and the outer side of the small sprocket 10804 and the outer side of the large sprocket 10806 are provided with the chain 10805, so that the connecting shaft 10802 can drive the bucket elevator 10601 to operate by rotating, thereby improving energy saving.

[0026] In one embodiment of the present invention, the scraper 10602 is further arranged at an angle. The scraper 10602 is made of silicone. The scraper 10602 is arranged at an angle, so that the scraper 10602 can scrape off impurities at the filter screen 104 and the impurities can enter the hopper of the bucket elevator 10601.

[0027] In one embodiment of the present invention, a water level sensor 110 is further installed on one side of the flood discharge gate 109, and the liquid level monitoring function of the upstream river 10001 is realized by installing the water level sensor 110 on one side of the flood discharge gate 109.

[0028] Embodiment 2 Reference Figure 6 As shown, the system body includes a hydroelectric control unit, a communication module, a grid-connected inverter module and a liquid level detection module; the hydroelectric control unit collects the electrical signal of the generator 10204 to obtain the power generation information of the generator 10204; the hydroelectric control unit collects the liquid level signal of the water level sensor 110 to obtain the liquid level information of the upstream river 10001; the hydroelectric control unit collects the electrical signal of the grid-connected inverter unit to obtain the power supply and demand information of the grid-connected load; the hydroelectric control unit communicates with the external power dispatching center through the communication module to obtain the power supply and demand information; the hydroelectric control unit controls the opening and closing of the water diversion gate 103 and the flood discharge gate 109 according to the liquid level information, the power generation information of the generator 10204, the power supply and demand information of the grid-connected load and the power supply and demand information; the hydroelectric control unit controls the disconnection and engagement of the automatic clutch 10203 according to the power generation information and the power supply and demand information of the generator 10204; the hydroelectric control unit controls the grid-connected inverter module to work, and converts the DC power of the working generator 10204 into AC power for grid connection.

[0029] Specifically, the working principle of the low-head high-efficiency hydroelectric power generation system is as follows: when in use, a water inlet pipe 10101 is connected to one end of the water diversion gate 103 to realize the water inlet function of the power generation chamber 10103, and the water inlet pipe 10101 has a switch function. A filter screen 104 is installed at one end of the water inlet pipe 10101 to realize the impurity filtering function of the water inlet pipe 10101, so as to prevent impurities from clogging the water inlet pipe 10101 and damaging the power generation mechanism 102, thereby improving the power generation efficiency. A flood discharge gate 109 is installed at the top of the dam body 101 to realize the flood discharge function. Through the cooperation of the generator 10204, the automatic clutch 10203, the rotating shaft 10202 and the turbine 10201, the rotation of the turbine 10201 can drive the generator 10204 to generate electricity. At the same time, the generator 10204 and the rotating shaft 10202 have the disconnection and connection functions. Through the setting of the bucket elevator 10601, the debris can be lifted and discharged, and the bucket elevator 10601 can be used to discharge the debris. A scraper 10602 is installed on one side of the hopper to clean the surface of the filter screen 104 when the bucket elevator 10601 is running. The sewage chute 10701 is tilted to facilitate the discharge of impurities through the sewage chute 10701. A water wheel 10803 is installed on the outer side of the connecting shaft 10802 to drive the water wheel 10803 to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the connecting shaft 10802. The outside of the large sprocket 10806 is equipped with a chain 10805, so that the bucket elevator 10601 can be driven to operate by rotating the connecting shaft 10802, thereby improving energy saving. The scraper 10602 is set at an angle, which makes it convenient for the scraper 10602 to scrape off impurities on the filter screen 104, and at the same time facilitates the impurities to enter the hopper of the bucket elevator 10601. A water level sensor 110 is installed on one side of the flood discharge gate 109 to realize the water level monitoring function of the upstream river 10001.

[0030] It should be noted that the specific model specifications of the generator 10204 and the water level sensor 110 need to be selected and determined based on the actual specifications of the device, and the specific selection calculation method adopts the existing technology in this field, so it will not be described in detail.

[0031] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A low-head high-efficiency hydropower generation system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a river channel (100) and a system body, wherein a dam body (101) is provided at the top of the river channel (100), a power generation chamber (10103) is provided inside the dam body (101), the top of the power generation chamber (10103) is connected to an equipment chamber (10102), a water diversion gate (103) is installed on one side of the power generation chamber (10103), one end of the water diversion gate (103) is connected to a water inlet pipe (10101), one end of the water inlet pipe (10101) passes through one end of the dam body (101), the bottom end of the power generation chamber (10103) is connected to a water outlet pipe (10104), and the One end of the water outlet pipe (10104) passes through the other end of the dam body (101); a filter screen (104) is installed at one end of the water inlet pipe (10101); a cleaning mechanism (106) is provided on one side of the filter screen (104); a driving mechanism (108) is installed at the top of the dam body (101) on a side close to the cleaning mechanism (106); a flood discharge gate (109) is installed at the top of the dam body (101); a sewage discharge mechanism (107) is provided on the side of the cleaning mechanism (106) away from the flood discharge gate (109); and a power generation mechanism (102) is provided inside the power generation chamber (10103).

2. A low-head high-efficiency hydroelectric power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the dam body (101) are respectively connected to the two ends of the river channel (100), and the dam body (101) divides the river channel (100) into an upstream river channel (10001) and a downstream river channel (10002).

3. A low-head high-efficiency hydroelectric power generation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power generation mechanism (102) comprises a turbine (10201), the middle part of the top end of the turbine (10201) is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft (10202), the outer side of the rotating shaft (10202) is rotatably connected to the top end of the power generation chamber (10103), a generator (10204) is installed at the bottom end of the interior of the equipment chamber (10102), the input end of the generator (10204) is connected to the output end of the automatic clutch (10203), and the input end of the automatic clutch (10203) is connected to one end of the rotating shaft (10202).

4. A low-head high-efficiency hydroelectric power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixed base (105) is installed at one end of the dam body (101), and the cleaning mechanism (106) comprises a bucket elevator (10601). A scraper (10602) is installed on one side of the bucket of the bucket elevator (10601), and one end of the scraper (10602) is in contact with one side of the filter screen (104). The bottom end of the bucket elevator (10601) is fixedly connected to the top end of the fixed base (105), and a plurality of drainage holes are provided on the outer side of the bucket of the bucket elevator (10601).

5. A low-head high-efficiency hydroelectric power generation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sewage discharge mechanism (107) comprises a sewage discharge chute (10701), the sewage discharge chute (10701) is arranged obliquely, a stand (10702) is installed at the bottom end of the sewage discharge chute (10701), and the bottom end of the stand (10702) is fixedly connected to the top end of the fixed base (105).

6. A low-head high-efficiency hydroelectric power generation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (108) comprises a pair of retaining frames (10801), the inner sides of the pair of retaining frames (10801) are rotatably connected to a connecting shaft (10802), the outer sides of the connecting shaft (10802) are sleeved with a water wheel (10803), one end of the connecting shaft (10802) is mounted with a small sprocket (10804), the driving shaft of the bucket elevator (10601) is sleeved with a large sprocket (10806), and the outer sides of the small sprocket (10804) and the outer sides of the large sprocket (10806) are sleeved with chains (10805).

7. A low-head high-efficiency hydroelectric power generation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The scraper (10602) is arranged at an angle, and the scraper (10602) is made of silicone.

8. A low-head high-efficiency hydroelectric power generation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A water level sensor (110) is installed on one side of the flood discharge gate (109).

9. A low-head high-efficiency hydroelectric power generation system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The system body comprises a hydroelectric power generation control unit, a communication module, a grid-connected inverter module and a liquid level detection module; the hydroelectric power generation control unit collects electrical signals from a generator (10204) to obtain power generation information of the generator (10204); the hydroelectric power generation control unit collects liquid level signals from a water level sensor (110) to obtain liquid level information of an upstream river channel (10001); the hydroelectric power generation control unit collects electrical signals from a grid-connected inverter unit to obtain grid-connected load power supply and demand information; the hydroelectric power generation control unit communicates with an external power dispatching center via the communication module, to obtain power supply and demand information; the hydropower generation control unit controls the opening and closing of the water diversion gate (103) and the flood discharge gate (109) according to the liquid level information, the power generation information of the generator (10204), the power supply and demand information of the grid-connected load and the power supply and demand information; the hydropower generation control unit controls the disconnection and engagement of the automatic clutch (10203) according to the power generation information of the generator (10204) and the power supply and demand information; the hydropower generation control unit controls the operation of the grid-connected inverter module to convert the direct current of the working generator (10204) into alternating current for grid connection.

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