Side top clamping mechanism and clamping method for thin-wall plate

Abstract

The invention discloses a side top clamping mechanism and method for a thin-wall plate, the clamping mechanism comprises T-shaped keys, positioning pieces and a machine tool workbench, rotatable side top blocks are arranged in the T-shaped keys, a first T-shaped groove and a second T-shaped groove are formed in the machine tool workbench, and movable T-shaped keys and positioning pieces are arranged in the first T-shaped groove and the second T-shaped groove; after the thin-wall plate is placed on the first T-shaped groove and the second T-shaped groove of the machine tool workbench, the side ejecting block and the positioning piece clamp the thin-wall plate from the two sides of the thin-wall plate correspondingly, and therefore the thin-wall plate is clamped and fixed to the machine tool workbench. The device has the characteristics of compact structure, high clamping stability, high machining precision and the like, and overcomes the limitation that the surface and the side surface of a product cannot be completely machined due to interference between a clamping mechanism and a cutting tool in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical processing, and in particular to a side top clamping mechanism and a clamping method for a thin-walled plate. Background Art

[0002] At present, thin plate parts involve many industries such as engineering machinery, aerospace, automotive parts, optics, etc. Many research institutions at home and abroad have carried out a lot of basic research work to solve the problems of fast clamping of thin plate parts, preventing deformation during processing, and reducing repeated clamping. For the cutting processing of thin plate parts on CNC milling machines, a stable and effective clamping structure is indispensable to achieve the purpose of fast clamping, reducing the number of processes, and preventing deformation during cutting. In the existing mechanical processing process, most of the thin plate parts are fixed by pressing with a pressure plate. This method causes interference between the pressure plate position and the cutting tool during the processing, resulting in the surface and side of the product not being completely processed, and multiple processes are required to remove the residual material. Another way to process thin plate parts is to use a vacuum suction cup to fix the product, which requires a certain range of contact area for stable clamping, and often produces flying materials during the processing. In addition, the vacuum suction cup generates suction when fixed, which is easy to cause deformation when clamping thin-walled parts or products with poor bottom surface flatness. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in view of the above-mentioned problem of clamping thin-walled plates in existing CNC milling machine machining, a side top clamping mechanism and clamping method for thin-walled plates with compact structure, high clamping stability and high machining accuracy are provided.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A side top clamping mechanism for a thin-walled plate comprises: a T-key, a positioning member and a machine tool worktable, wherein the T-key is provided with a rotatable side top block, and the machine tool worktable is provided with a first T-slot and a second T-slot, and the first T-slot and the second T-slot are both provided with a movable T-key and a positioning member; when the thin-walled plate is placed on the first T-slot and the second T-slot of the machine tool worktable, the side top block and the positioning member clamp the thin-walled plate from both sides of the thin-walled plate respectively, so as to realize the clamping and fixing of the thin-walled plate on the machine tool worktable.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, a mounting groove is provided on one side of the T-key, and second through pin holes are symmetrically provided on both sides of the mounting groove. A first through pin hole is provided on the side of the side top block, and cylindrical pins are installed in the second pin hole and the first pin hole to realize the rotatable installation of the side top block in the mounting groove.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, one end of the side top block is a warped section, and the warped section is used to tighten the side of the thin-walled plate. The other end of the side top block is a straight section, and a first threaded hole is provided on the straight section. By screwing a first screw into the first threaded hole, the side top block is driven to rotate around the cylindrical pin to adjust the angle of the warped section.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the side top block generates a rotation angle of ±3° around the axis of the cylindrical pin.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the end of the warping section is provided with a serrated surface that is staggered horizontally and vertically.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, a second threaded hole is provided on the other side of the T-shaped key, and the T-shaped key is fixed to the machine tool workbench by screwing a second screw into the second threaded hole.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the T-key is provided with a lower positioning surface and an upper positioning surface, and the lower positioning surface and the upper positioning surface are respectively located on both sides of the mounting groove; when the T-key is installed on the machine tool workbench, the lower positioning surface and the upper positioning surface are slidably nested in the first T-slot and the second T-slot.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the positioning member is provided with a through third threaded hole, and the positioning member is fixed on the machine tool workbench by screwing a third screw into the third threaded hole.

[0013] As a general technical concept, the present invention also provides a clamping method based on the above-mentioned side top clamping mechanism of the thin-walled plate, comprising the following steps:

[0014] Step S1, placing the positioning piece into the first T-slot and the second T-slot of the machine tool workbench;

[0015] Step S2, screwing a third screw into the third threaded hole to fix the positioning member in the first T-slot and the second T-slot of the machine tool worktable;

[0016] Step S3, placing the thin-walled plate flat on the machine tool workbench, close to the positioning piece;

[0017] Step S4, installing the side top block into the installation groove, and inserting the cylindrical pin into the first pin hole and the second pin hole;

[0018] Step S5, insert the T-key into the first T-slot and the second T-slot of the machine tool workbench; and screw the second screw into the second threaded hole and tighten it;

[0019] Step S6, screwing the first screw into the first threaded hole, and rotating the first screw to drive the side push block to rotate, so that the serrated surface side pushes against the side surface of the thin-walled plate to tighten the thin-walled plate.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S6, by rotating the first screw, the linear motion of the first screw is converted into the circular motion of the side top block around the cylindrical pin, and a rotation angle of ±3° is generated around the axis of the cylindrical pin, so that the serrated surface position generates horizontal and downward forces, thereby fixing the thin-walled plate for processing.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0022] The side top clamping mechanism and clamping method of the thin-walled plate of the present invention fix the T-key and the positioning piece in the T-slot of the machine tool worktable. When the thin-walled plate is placed on the T-slot of the machine tool worktable, the side top block and the positioning piece clamp the thin-walled plate from both sides of the thin-walled plate respectively, thus realizing the side top clamping and fixing of the thin-walled plate on the machine tool worktable. The surface and side of the thin-walled plate can be processed in place at one time, and there is no residual material, which reduces the number of processing steps and improves the processing efficiency. Moreover, the use conditions of the side top clamping mechanism are not affected by the size of the product parts, and there is no specific requirement for the flatness of the positioning surface. The clamping force can be freely adjusted; because the side top method is adopted, the force acting on the surface and bottom of the product is very small, which can effectively prevent the deformation of the workpiece during the processing and improve the processing accuracy of the product. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structural principle of the side top clamping mechanism in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the side view structure principle of the side top clamping mechanism in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structural principle in the middle AA direction;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure principle of a T-type bond in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the main structural principle of a T-shaped key in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structural principle in the middle BB direction;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the side view structure principle of the T-type key in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the process of side top clamping of thin-walled panels in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Legend: 1. T-key; 11. Mounting groove; 12. Side top block; 121. First threaded hole; 122. First screw; 123. Serrated surface; 124. First pin hole; 125. Cylindrical pin; 13. Second pin hole; 14. Second threaded hole; 15. Lower positioning surface; 16. Upper positioning surface; 17. Second screw; 2. Positioning piece; 21. Third threaded hole; 22. Third screw; 100. Machine tool worktable; 101. First T-slot; 102. Second T-slot; 200. Thin-walled plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific preferred embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "side", "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0034] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the side top clamping mechanism of the thin-walled plate of the present invention comprises: a T-key 1, a positioning member 2 and a machine tool worktable 100. A rotatable side top block 12 is provided in the T-key 1, and a first T-slot 101 and a second T-slot 102 are provided on the machine tool worktable 100. The first T-slot 101 and the second T-slot 102 are both provided with a movable T-key 1 and a positioning member 2. When the thin-walled plate 200 is placed on the first T-slot 101 and the second T-slot 102 of the machine tool worktable 100, the side top block 12 and the positioning member 2 clamp the thin-walled plate 200 from both sides of the thin-walled plate 200, and the thickness of the side top block 12 and the positioning member 2 are both less than the thickness of the thin-walled plate 200, so as to realize the clamping and fixing of the thin-walled plate 200 on the machine tool worktable 100. The positions of the T-key 1 and the positioning member 2 on the machine tool worktable 100 can also be flexibly adjusted according to the size of the thin-walled plate 200. In this embodiment, for ease of understanding, the size ratio between the T-key 1 and the positioning member 2 and the thin-walled plate 200 is appropriately enlarged. In the actual processing process, the overall size of the thin-walled plate 200 is much larger than the size of the T-key 1 and the positioning member 2. The T-key 1 and the positioning member 2 respectively press the thin-walled plate 200 from both sides of the thin-walled plate 200, but will not affect the side processing of the thin-walled plate 200 at all.

[0037] In this embodiment, by fixing the T-key 1 and the positioning member 2 in the T-slot of the machine tool worktable 100, when the thin-walled plate 200 is placed on the T-slot of the machine tool worktable 100, the side top block 12 and the positioning member 2 clamp the thin-walled plate 200 from both sides of the thin-walled plate 200, that is, the thin-walled plate 200 is clamped and fixed on the machine tool worktable 100 by the side top, and the surface and side of the thin-walled plate 200 can be processed in place at one time, without residual materials, reducing the number of processing steps and improving processing efficiency. Moreover, the use conditions of the side top clamping mechanism are not affected by the size of the product parts, and there is no specific requirement for the flatness of the positioning surface, and the clamping force can be freely adjusted; because the side top method is adopted, the force acting on the surface and bottom of the product is very small, which can effectively prevent the deformation of the workpiece during the processing and improve the processing accuracy of the product.

[0038] like Figure 4 As shown, a mounting groove 11 is provided on one side of the T-key 1. A through second pin hole 13 is symmetrically provided on both sides of the mounting groove 11, and a through first pin hole 124 is provided on the side of the side top block 12. By installing a cylindrical pin 125 in the second pin hole 13 and the first pin hole 124, the side top block 12 can be rotatably installed in the mounting groove 11.

[0039] like Figure 6As shown, one end of the side top block 12 is a warped section, which is used to tighten the side of the thin-walled plate 200. The other end of the side top block 12 is a straight section, which is provided with a first threaded hole 121. The first screw 122 is screwed into the first threaded hole 121 to drive the side top block 12 to rotate around the cylindrical pin 125 to adjust the angle of the warped section.

[0040] In this embodiment, the clearance between the side top block 12, the mounting groove 11 and the cylindrical pin 125 is within 0.01MM, so that the side top block 12 can generate a circular motion around the axis of the cylindrical pin 125 in the mounting groove 11, and the rotation angle of the side top block 12 around the axis of the cylindrical pin 125 can be limited to ±3°. The upper screw pair of the first screw 122 drives the side top block 12 to rotate, and the side top block 12 generates a positive angle of 3° around the axis of the cylindrical pin 125. The lower screw pair of the first screw 122 drives the side top block 12 to rotate, and the side top block 12 generates a negative angle of 3° around the axis of the cylindrical pin 125.

[0041] Furthermore, the end of the warping section is provided with a serrated surface 123 staggered in horizontal and vertical directions to increase the friction force and improve the firmness of the support to the side of the thin-walled plate 200 .

[0042] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a through second threaded hole 14 is provided on the other side of the T-shaped key 1 , and the T-shaped key 1 is fixed on the machine tool workbench 100 by screwing a second screw 17 into the second threaded hole 14 .

[0043] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the T-key 1 is provided with a lower positioning surface 15 and an upper positioning surface 16, which are respectively located on both sides of the mounting groove 11. When the T-key 1 is mounted on the machine tool workbench 100, the lower positioning surface 15 and the upper positioning surface 16 are slidably nested in the first T-slot 101 and the second T-slot 102, so that the T-key 1 can be moved on the machine tool workbench 100.

[0044] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the positioning member 2 is provided with a through third threaded hole 21, and the positioning member 2 is fixed on the machine tool workbench 100 by screwing a third screw 22 into the third threaded hole 21. It can be seen that the positioning member 2 in this embodiment is a conventional setting, and its specific structure is not repeated.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] like Figure 8As shown, the side top clamping method of the thin-walled plate of the present invention is implemented based on the side top clamping mechanism in Example 1. The thin-walled plate 200 has a thickness of 3mm, a length of 200mm, a width of 178mm, a flatness requirement of 0.015mm, the size of all holes on the surface must be controlled within 0.01mm, the groove width must be controlled within 0.015mm, the groove profile must be controlled within 0.02mm, and the shape and size accuracy of the parts must be relatively high. The clamping process includes the following steps:

[0047] Step S1, placing the positioning member 2 into the first T-slot 101 and the second T-slot 102 of the machine tool worktable 100;

[0048] Step S2, screwing the third screw 22 into the third threaded hole 21 to fix the positioning member 2 in the first T-slot 101 and the second T-slot 102 of the machine tool worktable 100;

[0049] Step S3, placing the thin-walled plate 200 flat on the machine tool workbench 100, close to the positioning member 2;

[0050] Step S4, install the side top block 12 into the installation groove 11, and insert the cylindrical pin 125 into the first pin hole 124 and the second pin hole 13;

[0051] Step S5, insert the T-key 1 into the first T-slot 101 and the second T-slot 102 of the machine tool worktable 100; and screw the second screw 17 into the second threaded hole 14 and tighten it;

[0052] Step S6, screwing the first screw 122 into the first threaded hole 121, and rotating the first screw 122 to drive the side push block 12 to rotate, so that the serrated surface 123 presses against the side of the thin-walled plate 200 to tighten the thin-walled plate 200.

[0053] In step S6 of this embodiment, by rotating the first screw 122, the linear motion of the first screw 122 is converted into the circular motion of the side top block 12 around the cylindrical pin 125, and a rotation angle of ±3° is generated around the axis of the cylindrical pin 125, so that the serrated surface 123 generates a horizontal and downward clamping force, thereby fixing the thin-walled plate 200 for processing.

[0054] The processing is completed and tested: the thin-walled plate 200 can meet the preset size and shape and position tolerance requirements after processing, and the thin-walled plate 200 is not damaged.

[0055] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions under the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A side top clamping mechanism for thin-walled panels, characterized in that: include: A T-shaped key (1), a positioning member (2) and a machine tool worktable (100), wherein the T-shaped key (1) is provided with a rotatable side top block (12), the machine tool worktable (100) is provided with a first T-shaped slot (101) and a second T-shaped slot (102), and the first T-shaped slot (101) and the second T-shaped slot (102) are both provided with a movable T-shaped key (1) and a positioning member (2); when a thin-walled plate (200) is placed on the first T-shaped slot (101) and the second T-shaped slot (102) of the machine tool worktable (100), the side top block (12) and the positioning member (2) respectively clamp the thin-walled plate (200) from both sides of the thin-walled plate (200) to achieve clamping and fixing of the thin-walled plate (200) on the machine tool worktable (100).

2. The side top clamping mechanism for thin-walled panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting groove (11) is provided on one side of the T-shaped key (1), and through second pin holes (13) are symmetrically provided on both sides of the mounting groove (11). A through first pin hole (124) is provided on the side of the side top block (12), and cylindrical pins (125) are installed in the second pin hole (13) and the first pin hole (124) to realize the side top block (12) being rotatably installed in the mounting groove (11).

3. The side top clamping mechanism for thin-walled panels according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the side top block (12) is a warped section, and the warped section is used to press against the side of the thin-walled plate (200). The other end of the side top block (12) is a straight section, and a first threaded hole (121) is provided on the straight section. A first screw (122) is screwed into the first threaded hole (121) to drive the side top block (12) to rotate around a cylindrical pin (125) to adjust the angle of the warped section.

4. The side top clamping mechanism for thin-walled panels according to claim 3, characterized in that: The side top block (12) generates a rotation angle of ±3° around the axis of the cylindrical pin (125).

5. The side top clamping mechanism for thin-walled panels according to claim 3, characterized in that: The end of the warping section is provided with a serrated surface (123) that is staggered horizontally and vertically.

6. The side top clamping mechanism for thin-walled plate according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: A through second threaded hole (14) is provided on the other side of the T-shaped key (1), and the T-shaped key (1) is fixed on the machine tool workbench (100) by screwing a second screw (17) into the second threaded hole (14).

7. The side top clamping mechanism for thin-walled plate according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The T-key (1) is provided with a lower positioning surface (15) and an upper positioning surface (16), and the lower positioning surface (15) and the upper positioning surface (16) are respectively located on both sides of the mounting groove (11); when the T-key (1) is mounted on the machine tool workbench (100), the lower positioning surface (15) and the upper positioning surface (16) are slidably nested in the first T-slot (101) and the second T-slot (102).

8. The side top clamping mechanism for thin-walled plate according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The positioning member (2) is provided with a through third threaded hole (21), and the positioning member (2) is fixed on the machine tool workbench (100) by screwing a third screw (22) into the third threaded hole (21).

9. A clamping method of a side top clamping mechanism for a thin-walled plate according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, placing the positioning member (2) into the first T-slot (101) and the second T-slot (102) of the machine tool worktable (100); Step S2, screwing the third screw (22) into the third threaded hole (21) to fix the positioning member (2) in the first T-slot (101) and the second T-slot (102) of the machine tool worktable (100); Step S3, placing the thin-walled plate (200) flat on the machine tool workbench (100), close to the positioning member (2); Step S4, installing the side top block (12) into the installation groove (11), and inserting the cylindrical pin (125) into the first pin hole (124) and the second pin hole (13); Step S5, inserting the T-key (1) into the first T-slot (101) and the second T-slot (102) of the machine tool worktable (100); and screwing the second screw (17) into the second threaded hole (14) and tightening it; Step S6, screwing the first screw (122) into the first threaded hole (121), and rotating the first screw (122) to drive the side push block (12) to rotate, so that the serrated surface (123) presses against the side of the thin-walled plate (200), thereby tightening the thin-walled plate (200).

10. The clamping method according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S6, by rotating the first screw (122), the linear motion of the first screw (122) is converted into the circular motion of the side top block (12) around the cylindrical pin (125), and a rotation angle of ±3° is generated around the axis of the cylindrical pin (125), so that the serrated surface (123) generates horizontal and downward forces, thereby fixing the thin-walled plate (200) for processing.

Images