Laser motion axis non-vertical scanning printing device and printing method

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser motion axis non-vertical scanning printing device and method, and belongs to the technical field of laser machining, the device comprises a laser head, an X-axis galvanometer, a Y-axis scanning unit and a printing working face, laser emitted by the laser head passes through the X-axis galvanometer and the Y-axis scanning unit to achieve scanning on the printing working face, and the X-axis galvanometer and the Y-axis scanning unit are arranged on the printing working face. The rotating shaft of the X-axis galvanometer is not perpendicular to the incident angle of the laser, so that when the X-axis galvanometer rotates at a constant speed, the laser moves at a constant speed along the X-axis direction of the printing working surface at a speed Vx and generates a constant-speed offset motion at a speed Vy in the Y-axis direction, Vy = Vx.sin (theta), and theta is an included angle between the rotating shaft of the X-axis galvanometer and the incident angle of the laser; and the Y-axis scanning unit is used for enabling the laser to move in the Y-axis direction of the printing working face at the constant speed Vy, then offset is offset when the direction is opposite to the offset motion direction, the Y-axis scanning unit can always keep constant-speed motion, the printing efficiency is improved, and the requirement of a printing system is lowered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of laser processing, and in particular relates to a non-vertical scanning printing device and a printing method for a laser motion axis. Background Art

[0002] Laser processing, such as laser cutting, laser welding, laser marking and laser 3D printing, usually uses a galvanometer or a reflected single laser beam to scan a curved image on a two-dimensional working plane or curved surface. Laser processing is an advanced rapid processing and manufacturing technology.

[0003] Laser 3D printing uses a beam of laser, which is reflected by a galvanometer module and then scans and prints patterns layer by layer on the printing work surface. There are several types of lasers, including SLA, SLS, and SLM, depending on the printing material. In 3D printing, SLA, SLS, and SLM use a galvanometer to reflect a single beam of laser and scan and print images on a two-dimensional work plane. Compared with traditional subtractive manufacturing technology, 3D printing technology is an advanced additive manufacturing technology for rapid manufacturing of parts.

[0004] The current laser 3D printing technology, such as the multi-channel laser 3D printing device and its scanning method disclosed in the invention patent with the authorization publication number CN116174747B, includes a motion mechanism for installing a print head, a Y-axis galvanometer and an X-axis galvanometer, and driving the print head, the Y-axis galvanometer and the X-axis galvanometer to move at a uniform speed along the direction of the Y axis; a print head for emitting a multi-channel laser for scanning to the Y-axis galvanometer; a Y-axis galvanometer for reflecting the multi-channel laser to the X-axis galvanometer, and during a round of scanning by the X-axis galvanometer, the reflected multi-channel laser is scanned at a uniform speed along the opposite direction of the Y axis, and the scanning speed is the same as the moving speed of the print head; an X-axis galvanometer for reflecting the multi-channel laser to the printing work surface and scanning at a uniform speed along the X axis. In all the above schemes, the two reflection axes XY are perpendicular to each other, and are responsible for the laser beam scanning of the two axes of XY respectively, and finally they are combined together to realize the pattern printing of the entire format, which is also the common practice of all current laser reflection scanning printing systems. Reflective devices commonly used in processing by reflecting laser beams include galvanometers, rotating mirrors, etc., and their compositions also include single-axis and dual-axis. Single-axis and dual-axis can be either galvanometers or rotating mirrors, or a combination of the two. In traditional solutions, the laser incident direction is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the reflective device. If it is a dual-axis reflection system, the laser incident direction, the X rotation axis, and the Y rotation axis are also perpendicular to each other. In printing, these solutions can clearly distinguish that the two printing directions of XY are respectively responsible for the two XY rotating reflectors. For any pattern to be printed, its scanning direction is decomposed into XY axis components, and the components are used to control the XY motors separately, which is relatively simple to control.

[0005] However, for some special application scenarios, such as solar photovoltaic panels, the surface needs to be engraved with many closely spaced, parallel thin lines as electrodes. For example, the parallel lines are spaced 1mm apart and 300mm long. When using a galvanometer motor to reflect the laser to scan these lines, one of the two galvanometer mirrors is required to perform fast scanning and the other is required to perform slow scanning. Both mirrors need to perform discontinuous reciprocating motions, resulting in low printing efficiency and high requirements for the printing equipment. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a non-vertical scanning printing device and printing method for a laser motion axis, so as to solve the problems of the existing 3D printing technology that both reflectors need to perform discontinuous return motion, the printing efficiency is low, and the requirements for the printing system are high.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] The present invention relates to a laser motion axis non-vertical scanning printing device, which comprises a laser head, an X-axis galvanometer, a Y-axis scanning unit and a printing work surface. The laser emitted by the laser head is scanned on the printing work surface through the X-axis galvanometer and the Y-axis scanning unit. The rotation axis of the X-axis galvanometer is non-vertical to the incident angle of the laser, so that when the X-axis galvanometer rotates at a uniform speed, the laser moves at a speed V. x Move along the X-axis direction of the printing work surface at a constant speed and generate a speed of V in the Y-axis direction y The uniform displacement motion, V y =V x sin(θ), θ is the angle between the X-axis galvanometer rotation axis and the laser incident angle; the Y-axis scanning unit is used to make the laser move along the Y-axis direction of the printing work surface at a speed V y Move at a constant speed, thereby canceling out the offset when moving in the opposite direction of the offset.

[0009] Preferably, the X-axis galvanometer is a plane reflector or a rotating mirror.

[0010] Preferably, the Y-axis scanning unit is a moving platform for driving the laser head to move along the Y-axis direction.

[0011] Preferably, the Y-axis scanning unit is a Y-axis galvanometer that moves the laser along the Y-axis direction, and the rotation axis of the Y-axis galvanometer is perpendicular to the incident angle of the laser.

[0012] The present invention also relates to a laser motion axis non-vertical scanning printing method, which is implemented based on the above-mentioned laser motion axis non-vertical scanning printing device, and comprises the following steps:

[0013] S1. Start the laser, and the laser emits laser;

[0014] S2. The laser is shot into the X-axis galvanometer, which reflects the laser onto the printing surface. The X-axis galvanometer rotates at a constant speed. The laser moves at a speed of V x Move along the X-axis direction of the printing work surface at a constant speed and generate a speed of V in the Y-axis direction y The uniform displacement motion, V y =V x sin(θ), θ is the angle between the X-axis galvanometer rotation axis and the laser incident angle. At the same time, the Y-axis scanning unit is used to make the laser move along the Y-axis direction of the printing work surface at a speed of V y Move at a constant speed and offset the offset when moving in the opposite direction of the offset;

[0015] S3. Scanning and printing using a laser that offsets offset motion.

[0016] Preferably, the X-axis galvanometer is a plane reflector. In S2, when the offset direction of the laser in the Y-axis direction caused by the rotation of the X-axis galvanometer is consistent with the direction in which the laser is moved by the Y-axis scanning unit, the laser head is turned off; when the offset direction of the laser in the Y-axis direction caused by the rotation of the X-axis galvanometer is opposite to the direction in which the laser is moved by the Y-axis scanning unit, the laser head is started.

[0017] Preferably, the X-axis galvanometer is a rotating mirror, and in S2, the Y-axis scanning unit makes the laser move in a direction that is always opposite to the offset direction of the laser in the Y-axis direction caused by the rotation of the X-axis galvanometer.

[0018] Preferably, the Y-axis scanning unit is a Y-axis galvanometer that moves the laser along the Y-axis direction, the rotation axis of the Y-axis galvanometer is perpendicular to the incident angle of the laser, and the relationship between the rotation angular velocity of the Y-axis galvanometer and the rotation angular velocity of the X-axis galvanometer is:

[0019] ω y =ω x sin(θ),

[0020] Among them, ω y is the rotational angular velocity of the Y-axis galvanometer, ω x is the rotational angular velocity of the X-axis galvanometer, and θ is the angle between the rotation axis of the X-axis galvanometer and the laser incident angle.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The laser motion axis non-vertical scanning printing device of the present invention sets the rotation axis of the X-axis galvanometer to be non-vertical to the incident angle of the laser, so that when the X-axis galvanometer rotates at a constant speed, the laser moves at a speed V x Move along the X-axis direction of the printing work surface at a constant speed and generate a speed of V in the Y-axis direction yThe laser is moved at a uniform speed along the Y-axis direction of the printing work surface through the Y-axis scanning unit at a speed of V y The uniform speed movement can offset the offset when the offset motion direction is opposite. In this way, the Y-axis scanning unit can always maintain uniform speed motion instead of reversing motion, thereby improving printing efficiency and reducing the requirements of the printing system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a laser motion axis non-vertical scanning printing device according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the non-perpendicular arrangement of the laser and the X-axis galvanometer;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a comparison chart of the laser movement direction when the laser is set perpendicular to the X-axis galvanometer and when it is not set perpendicular to the X-axis galvanometer.

[0026] Figure 4 This is the scanning path diagram when the X-axis galvanometer uses a plane reflector and the laser head is in the normally open state;

[0027] Figure 5 This is the scanning path diagram when the laser head is switched at intervals when the X-axis galvanometer uses a plane mirror.

[0028] Illustration: 1-Laser head, 2-X-axis galvanometer, 3-Printing work surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to further understand the content of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0030] Refer to the attached Figure 1 As shown, the present invention relates to a laser motion axis non-vertical scanning printing device, which includes a laser head 1, an X-axis galvanometer 2, a Y-axis scanning unit and a printing work surface 3. The laser emitted by the laser head passes through the X-axis galvanometer 2 and the Y-axis scanning unit to scan on the printing work surface 3.

[0031] Refer to the attached Figure 2 As shown, the rotation axis of the X-axis galvanometer 2 of the present invention is not perpendicular to the incident angle of the laser. Figure 3 As stated, Figure 3 (a) and Figure 3 (b) The scanning path diagram of the laser when the X-axis galvanometer 2 is rotated is shown in the case where the rotation axis of the X-axis galvanometer 2 is perpendicular to the incident angle of the laser and the case where the rotation axis of the X-axis galvanometer 2 is not perpendicular to the incident angle of the laser. Figure 3 It can be seen that when the rotation axis of the X-axis galvanometer 2 is not perpendicular to the incident angle of the laser, when the X-axis galvanometer 2 rotates at a constant speed, the laser xMove along the X-axis direction of the printing work surface 3 at a uniform speed and generate a speed V in the Y-axis direction y The uniform displacement motion, and V y =V x sin(θ), θ is the angle between the rotation axis of the X-axis galvanometer 2 and the incident angle of the laser; Figure 3 (b) is a laser path diagram when the Y-axis scanning unit stops working. However, during the scanning process, the laser scanning path is as parallel to the X-axis direction as possible. Therefore, the Y-axis scanning unit of the present invention is used to make the laser move along the Y-axis direction of the printing work surface at a speed V y Move at a constant speed to offset the offset.

[0032] In the present invention, the X-axis galvanometer 2 can be a plane reflector or a rotating mirror. When the X-axis galvanometer 2 is a plane reflector, the X-axis galvanometer 2 needs to rotate clockwise and counterclockwise alternately. Therefore, when the X-axis galvanometer 2 rotates in one direction, the offset will be superimposed, and when the X-axis galvanometer 2 rotates in the other direction, the offset will be offset, thereby forming the following when the laser is normally turned on: Figure 4 The laser scanning path is shown in the figure; in this regard, when a plane reflector is used as an X-axis galvanometer, when the offset direction of the laser in the Y-axis direction caused by the rotation of the X-axis galvanometer is consistent with the direction in which the laser is moved by the Y-axis scanning unit (when the offset is superimposed), the laser head is turned off; when the offset direction of the laser in the Y-axis direction caused by the rotation of the X-axis galvanometer is opposite to the direction in which the laser is moved by the Y-axis scanning unit (when the offset is offset), the laser head is started, and finally the following is formed. Figure 5 When the X-axis galvanometer 2 is a rotating mirror, considering that the rotating mirror has only one rotation direction, there are no two scanning paths in the positive and negative directions of the X-axis. It is sufficient to ensure that the Y-axis scanning unit always moves the laser in the opposite direction to the offset direction of the laser in the Y-axis direction caused by the rotation of the X-axis galvanometer.

[0033] The Y-axis scanning unit is a mobile platform for driving the laser head to move along the Y-axis direction or a Y-axis galvanometer for moving the laser along the Y-axis direction. When the Y-axis galvanometer is used, the rotation axis of the Y-axis galvanometer is perpendicular to the incident angle of the laser. y =V x sin(θ), converted to angular velocity: ω y =ω x sin(θ), where ω y is the rotational angular velocity of the Y-axis galvanometer, ω x is the rotational angular velocity of the X-axis galvanometer, and θ is the angle between the rotation axis of the X-axis galvanometer and the laser incident angle.

[0034] The present invention relates to a laser motion axis non-vertical scanning printing method, which is implemented based on the above-mentioned laser motion axis non-vertical scanning printing device, and comprises the following steps:

[0035] S1. Start laser 1, laser 1 emits laser;

[0036] S2. The laser is shot into the X-axis galvanometer 2, which reflects the laser onto the printing work surface 3. The X-axis galvanometer rotates at a constant speed. The laser moves at a speed V x Move along the X-axis direction of the printing work surface 3 at a uniform speed and generate a speed V in the Y-axis direction y The uniform displacement motion, V y =V x sin(θ), θ is the angle between the X-axis galvanometer rotation axis and the laser incident angle. At the same time, the Y-axis scanning unit is used to make the laser move along the Y-axis direction of the printing work surface at a speed of V y Move at a constant speed and offset the offset when moving in the opposite direction of the offset;

[0037] In this step, if the X-axis galvanometer 2 is a plane reflector, when the offset direction of the laser in the Y-axis direction caused by the rotation of the X-axis galvanometer is consistent with the direction in which the laser is moved by the Y-axis scanning unit, the laser head is turned off; when the offset direction of the laser in the Y-axis direction caused by the rotation of the X-axis galvanometer is opposite to the direction in which the laser is moved by the Y-axis scanning unit, the laser head is started; if the X-axis galvanometer 2 is a rotating mirror, the direction in which the laser is moved by the Y-axis scanning unit is always opposite to the offset direction of the laser in the Y-axis direction caused by the rotation of the X-axis galvanometer 2.

[0038] In this step, if the Y-axis scanning unit is a moving platform for driving the laser head 1 to move along the Y-axis direction, it is necessary to follow V y The laser head 1 can be moved at a constant speed; if the Y-axis scanning unit is a Y-axis galvanometer that moves the laser along the Y-axis direction, according to the moving speed V of the laser in the X-axis direction x and the offset velocity V in the Y-axis direction y The rotational angular velocity of the Y-axis galvanometer can be calculated based on the rotational velocity of the X-axis galvanometer 2, that is: ω y =ω x sin(θ), where ω y is the rotational angular velocity of the Y-axis galvanometer, ω x is the rotational angular velocity of the X-axis galvanometer, and θ is the angle between the rotation axis of the X-axis galvanometer and the laser incident angle.

[0039] S3. Scanning and printing using a laser that offsets offset motion.

[0040] The above-mentioned embodiment illustrates that a single galvanometer system can apply the solutions of the present invention. It should be noted that the present invention is also applicable to a multi-channel printing system.

[0041] The present invention is described in detail above in conjunction with the embodiments, but the contents described are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be considered to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made according to the scope of application of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser motion axis non-vertical scanning printing device, comprising a laser head, an X-axis galvanometer, a Y-axis scanning unit and a printing work surface, wherein the laser emitted by the laser head is scanned on the printing work surface through the X-axis galvanometer and the Y-axis scanning unit, and is characterized in that: The rotation axis of the X-axis galvanometer is not perpendicular to the incident angle of the laser, so that when the X-axis galvanometer rotates at a constant speed, the laser x Move along the X-axis direction of the printing work surface at a constant speed and generate a speed of V in the Y-axis direction y The uniform displacement motion, V y =V x sin(θ), θ is the angle between the X-axis galvanometer rotation axis and the laser incident angle; the Y-axis scanning unit is used to make the laser move along the Y-axis direction of the printing work surface at a speed V y Move at a constant speed, thereby canceling out the offset when moving in the opposite direction of the offset.

2. The laser motion axis non-vertical scanning printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The X-axis galvanometer is a plane reflector or a rotating mirror.

3. The laser motion axis non-vertical scanning printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Y-axis scanning unit is a moving platform used to drive the laser head to move along the Y-axis direction.

4. The laser motion axis non-vertical scanning printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Y-axis scanning unit is a Y-axis galvanometer that moves the laser along the Y-axis direction, and the rotation axis of the Y-axis galvanometer is perpendicular to the incident angle of the laser.

5. A laser motion axis non-vertical scanning printing method, which is implemented based on the laser motion axis non-vertical scanning printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1. Start the laser, and the laser emits laser; S2. The laser is shot into the X-axis galvanometer, which reflects the laser onto the printing surface. The X-axis galvanometer rotates at a constant speed. The laser moves at a speed of V x Move along the X-axis direction of the printing work surface at a constant speed and generate a speed of V in the Y-axis direction y The uniform displacement motion, V y =V x sin(θ), θ is the angle between the X-axis galvanometer rotation axis and the laser incident angle. At the same time, the Y-axis scanning unit is used to make the laser move along the Y-axis direction of the printing work surface at a speed of V y Move at a constant speed and offset the offset when moving in the opposite direction of the offset; S3. Scanning and printing using a laser that offsets offset motion.

6. The laser motion axis non-vertical scanning printing method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The X-axis galvanometer is a plane reflector. In S2, when the offset direction of the laser in the Y-axis direction caused by the rotation of the X-axis galvanometer is consistent with the direction in which the laser is moved by the Y-axis scanning unit, the laser head is turned off; when the offset direction of the laser in the Y-axis direction caused by the rotation of the X-axis galvanometer is opposite to the direction in which the laser is moved by the Y-axis scanning unit, the laser head is started.

7. The laser motion axis non-vertical scanning printing method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The X-axis galvanometer is a rotating mirror. In S2, the Y-axis scanning unit makes the laser move in a direction that is always opposite to the offset direction of the laser in the Y-axis direction caused by the rotation of the X-axis galvanometer.

8. The laser motion axis non-vertical scanning printing method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The Y-axis scanning unit is a Y-axis galvanometer that moves the laser along the Y-axis direction. The rotation axis of the Y-axis galvanometer is perpendicular to the incident angle of the laser. The relationship between the rotation angular velocity of the Y-axis galvanometer and the rotation angular velocity of the X-axis galvanometer is: oh y =ω x ·sin(θ), Among them, ω y is the rotational angular velocity of the Y-axis galvanometer, ω x is the rotational angular velocity of the X-axis galvanometer, and θ is the angle between the rotation axis of the X-axis galvanometer and the laser incident angle.

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