Ultraviolet attenuation resistant coating for solar cell and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of a coating for resisting ultraviolet attenuation of a solar cell. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, preparing a zinc acetate solution and a sodium hydroxide solution as a solution A and a solution B for preparing the coating; s2, mixing the solution A and the solution B to obtain a mixed solution, dropwise adding ethanol into the mixed solution to form a milky white solution C, stirring the solution C, and heating to obtain white ZnO nano powder; and S3, polyvinyl butyral is dissolved in methylbenzene, stirring is performed until the solution is clear, then the ZnO nano powder is further added, stirring is performed to obtain a PVB-ZnO solution, and the PVB-ZnO solution is cured to obtain the ultraviolet attenuation resistant coating for the solar cell. The invention also comprises the coating and application thereof, wherein the application comprises application of the coating on a solar cell module. According to the coating, the ultraviolet degradation resistance of the solar cell is improved, the service life of the solar cell is prolonged, and the coating has high commercialization and popularization value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solar cell coatings, and in particular to a coating for solar cells that resists ultraviolet light attenuation, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Solar cell modules face many challenges in practical applications, one of the main difficulties is the degradation of the adhesive material. Over time, this degradation is usually manifested as yellowing of the adhesive material. If the adhesive degrades, the efficiency of the solar cell will be significantly reduced. The degradation of the adhesive material is a complex problem caused by the combined action of multiple environmental stressors. Among them, ultraviolet (UV) radiation is one of the main factors, which can trigger chemical reactions in the adhesive material, causing the material to yellow. In addition, temperature fluctuations, humidity and other environmental factors can also accelerate this degradation process, ultimately affecting the aesthetics and functional integrity of the solar cell module.

[0003] In the prior art, the anti-aging and anti-yellowing properties of the adhesive material are usually improved by physically adding ultraviolet absorbers or hindered amine light stabilizers to the adhesive material. For example, the invention patent with patent number CN109294455B discloses a composite encapsulation film for solar encapsulation materials and a preparation method thereof, by adding a benzophenone ultraviolet absorber to the EVA film; the invention patent with patent number CN104449435B discloses an EVA film with high ultraviolet barrier for solar module encapsulation and a preparation method thereof, by using an ultraviolet absorber compounded with a hindered amine compound and a benzotriazole compound to improve its anti-ultraviolet and anti-aging properties; in addition, the invention patent with patent number CN113004815B discloses an encapsulation film for solar cells and a preparation method thereof, by adding a UV ultraviolet absorber to the EVA layer to enhance its anti-aging ability.

[0004] However, due to the insufficient compatibility of the ultraviolet absorber with the EVA film, the physical doping method adopted in the above-mentioned prior art has the disadvantage that the ultraviolet absorber is easy to migrate and escape, which will lead to the weakening or even loss of anti-ultraviolet and anti-aging properties. At the same time, the physical doping method has strict requirements on the amount of ultraviolet absorber used. Too much doping will affect the adhesion, density and mechanical properties of the EVA film, while too little doping will not effectively resist light aging and yellowing, which brings great trouble to production. Summary of the invention

[0005] One of the technical problems to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a coating for solar cells that resists ultraviolet light attenuation, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that the coating prepared by conventional methods through physical doping has strict requirements on materials.

[0006] In order to overcome the above defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for preparing a coating for solar cells that resists ultraviolet light attenuation, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: preparing zinc acetate solution and sodium hydroxide solution as solution A and solution B for preparing ZnO;

[0008] S2: mixing the solution A prepared in step S1 with the solution B to obtain a mixed solution, and adding ethanol dropwise to the mixed solution to form a milky white solution C, and then stirring the solution C and heating it to obtain white ZnO nanopowder;

[0009] S3: dissolving polyvinyl butyral in toluene, stirring until clear, and then further adding the ZnO nanopowder obtained in step S2, stirring to obtain a PVB-ZnO solution, which, after solidification, is a coating for solar cells to resist ultraviolet light attenuation.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a method for preparing a coating for solar cells that resists ultraviolet light attenuation, which has the following advantages: the present invention provides a method for preparing a coating for solar cells that resists ultraviolet light attenuation, using a coating in which PVB and ZnO nanoparticles are dispersed in a solution, and preparing a ZnO nanopowder with a smooth surface and uniform size by pre-controlling the mixing of a zinc acetate solution and a sodium hydroxide solution, and then adding ethanol dropwise and reacting, thereby improving the performance of the coating, and further spraying these coatings onto the glass surface of a solar module to improve its ability to resist ultraviolet degradation, thereby extending its service life, and solving the shortcomings of conventional methods in the prior art.

[0011] In a possible implementation, in step S1, the method for preparing the zinc acetate solution comprises: dissolving solid zinc acetate in distilled water, stirring at room temperature for 1-3 hours, and the mass ratio of zinc acetate in the solution is 10-30%; the method for preparing the sodium hydroxide solution comprises: dissolving solid sodium hydroxide in distilled water, stirring at room temperature for about 1-3 hours, and the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide in the solution is 50-80%.

[0012] In a possible implementation, in step S1, the purity of the solid zinc acetate is ≥99.5%, and the pH value of the zinc acetate solution is 5.5-6.5; the purity of the solid sodium hydroxide is ≥99.5%, and the pH value of the sodium hydroxide solution is 11-12.

[0013] In the above possible implementation, the basic reaction of preparing ZnO nanoparticles by the above technical scheme is to dissolve zinc acetate in water to form a zinc ion solution. Sodium hydroxide or ammonia water is added as an alkaline precipitant during the reaction to combine zinc ions with hydroxide ions to form zinc hydroxide precipitates. The precipitate is dehydrated in the subsequent heating process and converted into ZnO nanoparticles with good crystal structure. In the chemical precipitation process, the pH value of the solution directly affects the nucleation and growth of ZnO nanoparticles. Generally, alkaline conditions are conducive to the formation of ZnO, but too high or too low pH may cause excessive growth or irregular morphology of particles. Therefore, accurate control of pH value is the key to ensuring product quality. During the reaction, stirring rate and reactant concentration are key factors in determining the size and uniformity of ZnO nanoparticles. Moderate stirring can prevent particle aggregation and ensure uniform distribution of reactants. Too high or too low concentration of reactants will affect the nucleation and growth of particles, thereby affecting the quality of the final ZnO nanoparticles. Therefore, by accurately controlling the reaction process, ZnO nanoparticles with uniform size, regular morphology and excellent performance can be prepared.

[0014] In a possible implementation, in step S2, the stirring condition is: stirring solution C at 40-60° C. for 1-2 hours.

[0015] In a possible implementation, in step S2, the heating condition is: heating in an oven at 200-300° C. for 5-8 hours.

[0016] In a possible implementation, in step S3, the concentration of the polyvinyl butyral is 10%, and the purity of the polyvinyl butyral is ≥98%, and the purity of the toluene is ≥99%.

[0017] In a possible implementation, in step S3, the stirring condition is: magnetic stirring at room temperature for 1-3 hours until a clear solution is obtained, and the amount of ZnO nanopowder added is 0.3-1% of the mass of the clear solution.

[0018] In the above possible implementation, ZnO nanoparticles effectively absorb and block harmful ultraviolet radiation due to their wide band gap (about 3.3eV), and in the preparation method of the present invention, by uniformly distributing ZnO particles in the PVB matrix, the coating formed can significantly reduce the impact of ultraviolet rays on solar cells, reduce the photodegradation of adhesives caused by UV, and thus extend the service life of solar cells. Through the introduction of nanoparticles, not only the UV blocking ability of the material is improved, but also the hydrophobicity of the material is increased, thereby further improving the long-term stability of solar cells under harsh environmental conditions. Among them, the distribution of ZnO particles of different concentrations in the PVB matrix affects the compactness and uniformity of the coating. If the concentration of ZnO nanoparticles in the coating is too low, the UV absorption capacity of the coating is insufficient. This means that ultraviolet rays can penetrate the coating more, directly affecting the materials inside the solar cell, causing photodegradation of the adhesive and shortening the service life of the solar cell. If the concentration of ZnO nanoparticles is too high, the coating may become less transparent, resulting in a decrease in the transmittance of visible light. This reduces the amount of light entering the active layer of the solar cell, thereby reducing the energy conversion efficiency of the cell. Therefore, a reasonable ZnO concentration is the key to ensure that the coating achieves the best balance between UV shielding, optical transparency, thermal stability and mechanical strength, so setting it at 0.3%-1% can achieve the best effect.

[0019] In the above possible implementation manner, the present invention further controls the addition amount of the ZnO nanopowder to be 0.3%-1% of the mass of the clarified solution, thereby further improving the performance of the coating compared to the case where the addition amount is lower. The ZnO coating can effectively slow down the degradation of the adhesive caused by ultraviolet rays and maintain the high efficiency performance of the solar cell. When the addition mass is 0.5%, the effect is optimal.

[0020] The second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a coating for solar cells to resist ultraviolet light attenuation, so as to solve the problems in the prior art that the coating has average adhesion, density and mechanical properties and cannot effectively resist light aging and yellowing.

[0021] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a coating for solar cells to resist ultraviolet light attenuation, and the coating is prepared by the above preparation method.

[0022] The third technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an application of the coating for solar cells to resist ultraviolet light attenuation, wherein the application includes applying the coating to a solar cell module, including: stirring the PVB-ZnO solution before curing of the coating at room temperature, and then spraying the solution on the front glass and back panel surfaces of the solar module.

[0023] The present invention uses the above coating to coat the surface of the solar module with a ZnO / PVB nanocomposite film, which can significantly improve the UV resistance and overall performance of the solar cell, and the ZnO coating can effectively block ultraviolet radiation and reduce adhesive degradation, thereby extending the service life of the solar cell. This nanocomposite coating has important application potential in improving the efficiency, reliability and durability of solar cells. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the ZnO nanoparticles prepared in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] First, those skilled in the art should understand that these implementations are only used to explain the technical principles of the embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make adjustments to them as needed to adapt to specific application scenarios.

[0026] The present invention provides a method for preparing a coating for solar cells that resists ultraviolet light attenuation, comprising the following steps:

[0027] S1: preparing zinc acetate solution and sodium hydroxide solution as solution A and solution B for preparing coating;

[0028] S2: mixing the solution A prepared in step S1 with the solution B to obtain a mixed solution, and adding ethanol dropwise to the mixed solution to form a milky white solution C, and then stirring the solution C and heating it to obtain white ZnO nanopowder;

[0029] S3: dissolving polyvinyl butyral in toluene, stirring until clear, and then further adding the ZnO nanopowder obtained in step S2, stirring to obtain a PVB-ZnO solution, which, after solidification, is a coating for solar cells to resist ultraviolet light attenuation.

[0030] As a preferred solution, in step S1, the method for preparing the zinc acetate solution includes: dissolving solid zinc acetate in distilled water, stirring at room temperature for 1-3 hours, and the mass ratio of zinc acetate in the solution is 10-30%; the method for preparing the sodium hydroxide solution includes: dissolving solid sodium hydroxide in distilled water, stirring at room temperature for about 1-3 hours, and the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide in the solution is 50-80%.

[0031] As a preferred solution, in step S1, the purity of the solid zinc acetate is ≥99.5%, and the pH value of the zinc acetate solution is 5.5-6.5; the purity of the solid sodium hydroxide is ≥99.5%, and the pH value of the sodium hydroxide solution is 11-12.

[0032] As a preferred solution, in step S2, the stirring condition is: stirring solution C at 40-60° C. for 1-2 hours.

[0033] As a preferred solution, in step S2, the heating condition is: heating in an oven at 200-300° C. for 5-8 hours.

[0034] As a preferred solution, in step S3, the concentration of the polyvinyl butyral is 10%, and the purity of the polyvinyl butyral is ≥98%, and the purity of the toluene is ≥99%.

[0035] As a preferred solution, in step S3, the stirring condition is: magnetic stirring at room temperature for 1-3 hours until a clear solution is obtained, and the amount of ZnO nanopowder added is 0.3-1% of the mass of the clear solution.

[0036] The present invention also provides a coating for solar cells to resist ultraviolet light attenuation, and the coating is prepared by the preparation method.

[0037] The present invention also provides an application of the coating for resisting ultraviolet light attenuation of solar cells, which includes applying the coating to a solar cell module, including: stirring the PVB-ZnO solution before curing the coating at room temperature, and then spraying the solution on the front glass and back panel surfaces of the solar module.

[0038] The following provides an embodiment combined with specific implementation data to further describe the above technical solution of the present invention:

[0039] Embodiment 1:

[0040] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a coating for solar cells that resists ultraviolet light attenuation, comprising the following steps:

[0041] S1: preparing zinc acetate solution and sodium hydroxide solution as solution A and solution B for preparing coating;

[0042] The preparation method of the zinc acetate solution comprises: dissolving solid zinc acetate in distilled water, stirring at room temperature for 2 hours, and the mass ratio of zinc acetate in the solution is 20%; the preparation method of the sodium hydroxide solution comprises: dissolving solid sodium hydroxide in distilled water, stirring at room temperature for about 2 hours, and the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide in the solution is 50-80%; the purity of the solid zinc acetate is ≥99.5%, and the pH value of the zinc acetate solution is 6.0; the purity of the solid sodium hydroxide is ≥99.5%, and the pH value of the sodium hydroxide solution is 11.5.

[0043] S2: mixing the solution A prepared in step S1 with the solution B to obtain a mixed solution, and adding ethanol dropwise to the mixed solution to form a milky white solution C, and then stirring the solution C at 50° C. for 1.5 hours, and then heating the solution C in an oven at 250° C. for 6.5 hours to obtain white ZnO nanopowder;

[0044] S3: dissolving polyvinyl butyral in toluene, wherein the concentration of the polyvinyl butyral is 10%, and the purity of the polyvinyl butyral is ≥98%, and the purity of the toluene is ≥99%; then stirring until clarified, and then further adding the ZnO nanopowder obtained in the step S2, wherein the amount of the ZnO nanopowder added is 0.5% of the mass of the clarified solution, and magnetically stirring at room temperature for 2 hours until a clarified solution is obtained, thereby obtaining a PVB-ZnO solution, which, after being cured, is a coating for solar cells to resist ultraviolet light attenuation.

[0045] This embodiment also provides a coating for solar cells to resist ultraviolet light attenuation, and the coating is prepared by the preparation method.

[0046] This embodiment also provides an application of the coating for solar cells to resist ultraviolet light attenuation, and the application includes applying the coating to a solar cell module, including: stirring the PVB-ZnO solution before curing of the coating at room temperature, and after stirring for 1 hour, spraying the solution on the front glass and back panel surface of the solar module.

[0047] Embodiment 2:

[0048] Example 2 provides a method for preparing a coating for solar cells that resists ultraviolet light attenuation. The amount of main components added and the steps are similar to those of Example 1, except that the amount of ZnO nanoparticles added is different, and the method includes the following steps:

[0049] S1: preparing zinc acetate solution and sodium hydroxide solution as solution A and solution B for preparing coating;

[0050] The preparation method of the zinc acetate solution comprises: dissolving solid zinc acetate in distilled water, stirring at room temperature for 2 hours, and the mass ratio of zinc acetate in the solution is 20%; the preparation method of the sodium hydroxide solution comprises: dissolving solid sodium hydroxide in distilled water, stirring at room temperature for about 2 hours, and the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide in the solution is 50-80%; the purity of the solid zinc acetate is ≥99.5%, and the pH value of the zinc acetate solution is 6.0; the purity of the solid sodium hydroxide is ≥99.5%, and the pH value of the sodium hydroxide solution is 11.5.

[0051] S2: mixing the solution A prepared in step S1 with the solution B to obtain a mixed solution, and adding ethanol dropwise to the mixed solution to form a milky white solution C, and then stirring the solution C at 50° C. for 1.5 hours, and then heating the solution C in an oven at 250° C. for 6.5 hours to obtain white ZnO nanopowder;

[0052] S3: dissolving polyvinyl butyral in toluene, wherein the concentration of the polyvinyl butyral is 10%, and the purity of the polyvinyl butyral is ≥98%, and the purity of the toluene is ≥99%; then stirring until clarified, and then further adding the ZnO nanopowder obtained in the step S2, wherein the amount of the ZnO nanopowder added is 0.3% of the mass of the clarified solution, and magnetically stirring at room temperature for 1 hour until a clarified solution is obtained, thereby obtaining a PVB-ZnO solution, which, after being cured, is a coating for solar cells to resist ultraviolet light attenuation.

[0053] This embodiment also provides a coating for solar cells to resist ultraviolet light attenuation, and the coating is prepared by the preparation method.

[0054] This embodiment also provides an application of the coating for solar cells to resist ultraviolet light attenuation, and the application includes applying the coating to a solar cell module, including: stirring the PVB-ZnO solution before curing of the coating at room temperature, and after stirring for 1 hour, spraying the solution on the front glass and back panel surface of the solar module.

[0055] Embodiment 3:

[0056] Example 3 provides a method for preparing a coating for solar cells that resists ultraviolet light attenuation. The amount of main components added and the steps are similar to those of Example 1, except that the amount of ZnO nanoparticles added is different, and the method includes the following steps:

[0057] S1: preparing zinc acetate solution and sodium hydroxide solution as solution A and solution B for preparing coating;

[0058] The preparation method of the zinc acetate solution comprises: dissolving solid zinc acetate in distilled water, stirring at room temperature for 2 hours, and the mass ratio of zinc acetate in the solution is 20%; the preparation method of the sodium hydroxide solution comprises: dissolving solid sodium hydroxide in distilled water, stirring at room temperature for about 2 hours, and the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide in the solution is 50-80%; the purity of the solid zinc acetate is ≥99.5%, and the pH value of the zinc acetate solution is 6.0; the purity of the solid sodium hydroxide is ≥99.5%, and the pH value of the sodium hydroxide solution is 11.5.

[0059] S2: mixing the solution A prepared in step S1 with the solution B to obtain a mixed solution, and adding ethanol dropwise to the mixed solution to form a milky white solution C, and then stirring the solution C at 50° C. for 1.5 hours, and then heating the solution C in an oven at 250° C. for 6.5 hours to obtain white ZnO nanopowder;

[0060] S3: dissolving polyvinyl butyral in toluene, wherein the concentration of the polyvinyl butyral is 10%, and the purity of the polyvinyl butyral is ≥98%, and the purity of the toluene is ≥99%; then stirring until clarified, and then further adding the ZnO nanopowder obtained in the step S2, wherein the amount of the ZnO nanopowder added is 0.6% of the mass of the clarified solution, and magnetically stirring at room temperature for 3 hours until a clarified solution is obtained, thereby obtaining a PVB-ZnO solution, which, after being cured, is a coating for solar cells to resist ultraviolet light attenuation.

[0061] This embodiment also provides a coating for solar cells to resist ultraviolet light attenuation, and the coating is prepared by the preparation method.

[0062] This embodiment also provides an application of the coating for solar cells to resist ultraviolet light attenuation, and the application includes applying the coating to a solar cell module, including: stirring the PVB-ZnO solution before curing of the coating at room temperature, and after stirring for 1 hour, spraying the solution on the front glass and back panel surface of the solar module.

[0063] Embodiment 4:

[0064] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a coating for solar cells that resists ultraviolet light attenuation, comprising the following steps:

[0065] S1: preparing zinc acetate solution and sodium hydroxide solution as solution A and solution B for preparing coating;

[0066] The preparation method of the zinc acetate solution comprises: dissolving solid zinc acetate in distilled water, stirring at room temperature for 1 hour, and the mass ratio of zinc acetate in the solution is 10%; the preparation method of the sodium hydroxide solution comprises: dissolving solid sodium hydroxide in distilled water, stirring at room temperature for about 1 hour, and the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide in the solution is 50%; the purity of the solid zinc acetate is ≥99.5%, and the pH value of the zinc acetate solution is 5.5; the purity of the solid sodium hydroxide is ≥99.5%, and the pH value of the sodium hydroxide solution is 11.

[0067] S2: mixing the solution A prepared in step S1 with the solution B to obtain a mixed solution, and adding ethanol dropwise to the mixed solution to form a milky white solution C, and then stirring the solution C at 40° C. for 1 hour, and then heating it in an oven at 200° C. for 5 hours to obtain white ZnO nanopowder;

[0068] S3: dissolving polyvinyl butyral in toluene, wherein the concentration of the polyvinyl butyral is 10%, and the purity of the polyvinyl butyral is ≥98%, and the purity of the toluene is ≥99%; then stirring until clarified, and then further adding the ZnO nanopowder obtained in the step S2, wherein the amount of the ZnO nanopowder added is 0.8% of the mass of the clarified solution, and magnetically stirring at room temperature for 3 hours until a clarified solution is obtained, thereby obtaining a PVB-ZnO solution, which, after being cured, is a coating for solar cells to resist ultraviolet light attenuation.

[0069] This embodiment also provides a coating for solar cells to resist ultraviolet light attenuation, and the coating is prepared by the preparation method.

[0070] This embodiment also provides an application of the coating for solar cells to resist ultraviolet light attenuation, and the application includes applying the coating to a solar cell module, including: stirring the PVB-ZnO solution before curing of the coating at room temperature, and after stirring for 1 hour, spraying the solution on the front glass and back panel surface of the solar module.

[0071] Embodiment 5:

[0072] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a coating for solar cells that resists ultraviolet light attenuation, comprising the following steps:

[0073] S1: preparing zinc acetate solution and sodium hydroxide solution as solution A and solution B for preparing coating;

[0074] The preparation method of the zinc acetate solution comprises: dissolving solid zinc acetate in distilled water, stirring at room temperature for 3 hours, and the mass ratio of zinc acetate in the solution is 30%; the preparation method of the sodium hydroxide solution comprises: dissolving solid sodium hydroxide in distilled water, stirring at room temperature for about 3 hours, and the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide in the solution is 80%; the purity of the solid zinc acetate is ≥99.5%, and the pH value of the zinc acetate solution is 6.5; the purity of the solid sodium hydroxide is ≥99.5%, and the pH value of the sodium hydroxide solution is 12.

[0075] S2: mixing the solution A prepared in step S1 with the solution B to obtain a mixed solution, and adding ethanol dropwise to the mixed solution to form a milky white solution C, and then stirring the solution C at 60° C. for 2 hours, and then heating the solution in an oven at 200-300° C. for 8 hours to obtain white ZnO nanopowder;

[0076] S3: dissolving polyvinyl butyral in toluene, wherein the concentration of the polyvinyl butyral is 10%, and the purity of the polyvinyl butyral is ≥98%, and the purity of the toluene is ≥99%; then stirring until clarified, and then further adding the ZnO nanopowder obtained in the step S2, wherein the amount of the ZnO nanopowder added is 1% of the mass of the clarified solution, and magnetically stirring at room temperature for 2 hours until a clarified solution is obtained, thereby obtaining a PVB-ZnO solution, which, after being cured, is a coating for solar cells to resist ultraviolet light attenuation.

[0077] This embodiment also provides a coating for solar cells to resist ultraviolet light attenuation, and the coating is prepared by the preparation method.

[0078] This embodiment also provides an application of the coating for solar cells to resist ultraviolet light attenuation, and the application includes applying the coating to a solar cell module, including: stirring the PVB-ZnO solution before curing of the coating at room temperature, and after stirring for 1 hour, spraying the solution on the front glass and back panel surface of the solar module.

[0079] The present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific tests.

[0080] The following tests are performed on the products prepared in the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention and the properties of the coating after final application, specifically including:

[0081] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is an electron microscope image of the white ZnO nanopowder prepared in the above Example 1 of the present invention. The zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were subjected to a detailed morphological analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the ZnO nanoparticles exhibited a uniform rod-like structure, a smooth surface, and uniform size. This further proves that the ZnO nanoparticles prepared by the preparation method of the present invention have better performance.

[0082] The effect comparison of PVB-ZnO composite coating on solar cell module is shown in Table 1. Table 1 Comparison of the effects of different implementation schemes on solar cell module parameters

[0083]

[0084] Through the above parameter comparison and actual application effect analysis, it can be seen that ZnO / PVB composite coating has significant advantages in enhancing the UV blocking ability of solar cells, improving cell efficiency, and improving thermal stability and durability. The optimization of ZnO concentration is crucial to ensure the best protection effect, among which the coating with 0.5% ZnO performs best and shows excellent performance and stability under various environmental conditions.

[0085] In summary, through the above technical scheme, as well as Examples 1-5 and the coatings prepared by the present invention and the tests after their application, it is further illustrated that the coating prepared by the method for preparing a coating for solar cells against ultraviolet light attenuation provided by the present invention can effectively slow down the degradation of the adhesive caused by ultraviolet rays after being applied to solar cells, and maintain the high efficiency performance of solar cells. When the mass ratio of ZnO nanoparticles in the coated PVB-ZnO composite coating is 0.3%-1% of the solution, the best technical effect can be achieved. The coating prepared by the present invention solves the problems caused by physical doping in the prior art, and provides a coating for solar cells against ultraviolet light attenuation. The coating uses PVB and ZnO nanoparticles dispersed in a solution. By spraying these coatings onto the glass surface of the solar module, the coating is intended to improve its resistance to ultraviolet degradation, thereby extending its service life.

[0086] In the description of the present application, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "in the present embodiment", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, mechanisms, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, mechanisms, materials or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0087] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a coating for solar cells that resists ultraviolet light attenuation, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: preparing zinc acetate solution and sodium hydroxide solution as solution A and solution B for preparing coating; S2: mixing the solution A prepared in step S1 with the solution B to obtain a mixed solution, and adding ethanol dropwise to the mixed solution to form a milky white solution C, and then stirring the solution C and heating it to obtain white ZnO nanopowder; S3: dissolving polyvinyl butyral in toluene, stirring until clear, and then further adding the ZnO nanopowder obtained in step S2, stirring to obtain a PVB-ZnO solution, which, after solidification, is a coating for solar cells to resist ultraviolet light attenuation.

2. The method for preparing the coating for solar cells against ultraviolet light attenuation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the method for preparing the zinc acetate solution includes: dissolving solid zinc acetate in distilled water, stirring at room temperature for 1-3 hours, and the mass ratio of zinc acetate in the solution is 10-30%; the method for preparing the sodium hydroxide solution includes: dissolving solid sodium hydroxide in distilled water, stirring at room temperature for about 1-3 hours, and the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide in the solution is 50-80%.

3. The method for preparing the coating for solar cells against ultraviolet light attenuation according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step S1, the purity of the solid zinc acetate is ≥99.5%, and the pH value of the zinc acetate solution is 5.5-6.5; the purity of the solid sodium hydroxide is ≥99.5%, and the pH value of the sodium hydroxide solution is 11-12.

4. The method for preparing the coating for solar cells against ultraviolet light attenuation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S2, the stirring condition is: stirring the solution C at 40-60° C. for 1-2 hours.

5. The method for preparing the coating for solar cells against ultraviolet light attenuation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S2, the heating condition is: heating in an oven at 200-300° C. for 5-8 hours.

6. The method for preparing the coating for solar cells against ultraviolet light attenuation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S3, the concentration of the polyvinyl butyral is 10%, the purity of the polyvinyl butyral is ≥ 98%, and the purity of the toluene is ≥ 99%.

7. The method for preparing the coating for solar cells against ultraviolet light attenuation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the stirring condition is: magnetic stirring at room temperature for 1-3 hours until a clear solution is obtained, and the amount of ZnO nanopowder added is 0.3-1% of the mass of the clear solution.

8. A coating for solar cells to resist ultraviolet light attenuation, characterized in that: The coating is prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

9. An application of the coating for resisting ultraviolet light attenuation of solar cells according to claim 8, characterized in that: The application includes applying the coating to a solar cell module, including: stirring the PVB-ZnO solution before curing the coating at room temperature, and then spraying the solution on the front glass and back plate surface of the solar cell module.

Images