Pseudo-classic architecture precast concrete half / full bucket bracket and main body integrated construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses an integrated construction method for a precast concrete half-bucket bracket and a main body of a pseudo-classic building, and belongs to the technical field of pseudo-classic building bracket construction. The method comprises the steps of bracket system off-site prefabrication, bracket system in-site assembly, supporting system arrangement, bracket system installation, bracket system layer main body concrete construction, cover bucket plate installation and roof structure construction. According to the method, the modes of layered prefabrication of the bracket system, on-site assembly and integrated construction with the main body structure are adopted, the problems that in the prior art, the integrity of the bracket system and the main body structure is poor, attractiveness is not achieved, potential safety hazards exist, the construction period is prolonged, and the construction cost is increased are effectively solved, and a complete set of mature construction technology is formed; the method has good popularization and application value in modern concrete pseudo-classic building construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of building construction, and particularly relates to the construction of antique building brackets, and specifically is a method for integrating the antique building prefabricated concrete half / full brackets with a main body. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of my country's urbanization process and the enhancement of cultural heritage awareness, antique buildings are playing an increasingly important role in modern urban planning and cultural tourism. The most essential part of antique buildings is the ingenious bracket design. Brackets are traditionally made of wood structures, but traditional wood-structured antique buildings face problems such as high cost, poor fire resistance, and difficult maintenance.

[0003] Nowadays, most antique buildings use reinforced concrete structures, and the corresponding brackets also use concrete brackets. Concrete brackets are generally decorative components and need to be installed after the main structure is completed. This traditional practice will result in poor integrity between the brackets and the main structure, unsightly appearance, and easy to leave safety hazards. In addition, the post-installation construction mode will cause problems such as extended construction period and increased construction costs. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, and to provide a method for integrating the construction of prefabricated concrete half / full brackets and main body of an antique building. The method of the present invention adopts a mode of prefabricating brackets in layers, assembling them on site, and integrating them with the main structure, which effectively solves the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, forms a complete set of mature construction technology, and has a good promotion and application value in the construction of modern concrete antique buildings.

[0005] In the specific construction project of antique buildings, the construction of brackets is generally divided into half bracket construction and full bracket construction. The construction method of the present invention is applicable to the construction of half brackets and full bracket construction.

[0006] One object of the present invention is to provide a method for integrating the construction of a prefabricated concrete half-bucket and a main body of an antique building. With respect to the construction of the half-bucket and a main body, the present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions: A method for integrating a prefabricated concrete half-bucket arch and a main body of an antique building comprises the following steps: S1. Prefabrication of brackets off-site 1) According to the overall structure of the bracket set, the bracket set is divided into the first layer, the second layer, ..., and the nth layer from bottom to top; among them, the first layer is the sitting bracket set, and each layer from the second layer to the nth layer is composed of multiple different components; the sitting bracket set of the first layer is modeled using BIM technology, and each layer from the second layer to the (n-1)th layer is modeled as a whole layer using BIM technology, and each component of the nth layer is modeled using BIM technology.

[0007] 2) Based on the established model, the manufacturer's CNC machine tools are used to generate various molds; the strength and precision of the molds meet the design requirements to ensure the accuracy of the size and shape of each part of the bracket.

[0008] 3) Tie up the steel bars of each part of the bracket to ensure that the position and spacing of the steel bars meet the design requirements. The specifications and models of the steel bars are determined according to the requirements of the drawings, and the steel bars are connected by welding.

[0009] 4) Pour concrete and use a small vibrating rod to compact it to ensure the quality of the concrete; the mix ratio of concrete is determined according to the design requirements.

[0010] 5) The maintenance time for each part of the bracket shall be no less than 7 days to ensure that the strength of each part of the bracket meets the design requirements.

[0011] S2. Assembly of brackets in the venue 1) Transport the first-layer bucket, the second to (n-1)th layers, and the components of the nth layer to the construction site and stack them in categories.

[0012] 2) Lay out and assemble on a solid and flat ground, and assemble the prefabricated second to (n-1)th layers in layers. Pay attention to adjusting the angle and position during installation to ensure that each layer is connected as a whole through the form of "mortise and tenon joints"; add a vertical steel bar between the reserved steel bars of the second to (n-1)th layers, and spot weld the vertical steel bar to the reserved steel bars of each layer, so as to connect the second to (n-1)th layers as a whole, forming the second to (n-1)th layers of semi-bucket integral bracket sets.

[0013] S3. Support system setup 1) Set up a single-row scaffolding, and the erection of the scaffolding should comply with the requirements of relevant specifications; the spacing between the vertical poles and the horizontal pole pitch of the scaffolding should be determined according to the spacing of the brackets and the construction load.

[0014] 2) An adjustable support is set at the top of the scaffolding column to support the bracket; the adjustable height of the adjustable support is adjusted according to the installation height of the bracket to ensure the stability of the bracket.

[0015] S4. Installation of brackets 1) Installation of the first layer bucket ① Transport the sitting bucket to the casting surface of the shear wall of the main structure, and adjust the position of the sitting bucket so that the outer edge of the bottom of the sitting bucket coincides with the edge of the shear wall.

[0016] ② After the seat bucket is accurately positioned, weld the horizontal reserved steel bars of the seat bucket to the vertical steel bars of the shear wall to ensure a firm connection between the seat bucket and the shear wall.

[0017] ③After the installation of the bucket is completed, adjust and fix it to ensure that the horizontality and verticality of the bucket meet the design requirements.

[0018] 2) Overall hoisting of the second to the (n-1)th layer of half-bucket integral brackets ① Install slings on the second to (n-1)th layer of semi-bucket integral brackets and use cranes to hoist them as a whole. Pay attention to safety during the hoisting process to avoid collision and damage to the second to (n-1)th layer of semi-bucket integral brackets.

[0019] ② Lift the second to the (n-1)th layer of half-bucket integral brackets to just above the sitting bucket, and slowly lower the crane hook. When it is 10 cm away from the sitting bucket, manually adjust the position of the second to the (n-1)th layer of half-bucket integral brackets to ensure that the second to the (n-1)th layer of half-bucket integral brackets are accurately located in the mortise and tenon joints of the sitting bucket.

[0020] ③ At this time, the crane does not release the hook, adjust the adjustable support on the top of the scaffolding column, and support it at the appropriate position of the second to (n-1)th layer of half-bucket integral brackets. After the support system is adjusted, check the horizontality and verticality of the second to (n-1)th layer of half-bucket integral brackets. The crane slowly releases the hook to make the second to (n-1)th layer of half-bucket integral brackets accurately and stably in place.

[0021] ④ Weld the reserved steel bars of each layer of the second to the (n-1)th layer of half-bucket integral bracket to the vertical steel bars of the shear wall. At the same time, weld the vertical steel bars of the second to the (n-1)th layer of half-bucket integral bracket to the horizontal reserved steel bars of the sitting bracket to ensure that the installed parts are connected to the shear wall as a whole.

[0022] 3) Installation of components on the nth layer Install the components of the nth layer at the corresponding positions on the second to (n-1)th layer semi-dou integral brackets, and fill the gaps with fine stone concrete.

[0023] S5. Main concrete construction of the arch layer 1) Template installation ① Template preparation 8mm high-strength cement fiber board is selected as the formwork material to ensure that the strength and rigidity of the formwork meet the construction requirements.

[0024] Prepare wooden planks, M14 wall screws and wooden formwork. Wooden planks should be made of good quality and regular sized wood. The diameter and length of M14 wall screws should be selected according to the thickness of the formwork and the lateral pressure of the concrete.

[0025] ②Template installation Cut the 8mm high-strength cement fiberboard to the height from the bottom of the sitting bucket to the top of the pull beam, and the width to the distance between the brackets to ensure the accuracy of the template size.

[0026] 8mm high-strength cement fiber board is installed on the outer end of the bracket eye and wooden formwork is installed on the inner end.

[0027] Cement supports are set inside the formwork with a spacing of no more than 600mm. Two horizontal and one vertical wooden slats are installed on the inner and outer sides of the 8mm high-strength cement fiber board and the wooden formwork. Holes are drilled on the 8mm high-strength cement fiber board, the wooden formwork and the vertical wooden slats to install tension bolts. The tension bolts pass through the 8mm high-strength cement fiber board, the wooden formwork and the vertical wooden slats, and are fastened with mountain clips and nuts at the inner and outer ends of the tension bolts.

[0028] ③ Template quality inspection After the installation of each formwork is completed, a quality inspection is carried out to check whether the size of each formwork is accurate, and whether the flatness and verticality meet the requirements; check whether the joints and corners of each formwork are tightly sealed and whether there is any leakage; check whether the tightness of the tension bolts and wooden slats meets the requirements and whether there is any looseness.

[0029] 2) Concrete pouring After installing all the formworks, concrete pouring is carried out and compacted with a small vibrating rod to ensure the quality of the concrete. After the concrete pouring is completed, the shear wall and prefabricated bracket are constructed in an integrated manner.

[0030] S6. Cover plate installation The cover plate on the upper part of the bracket is paved with 20mm high-strength cement fiber board.

[0031] S7. Roof structure construction After the slab is laid, the roof structure is constructed; the roof structure uses traditional wooden roof or modern steel structure roof according to the design requirements.

[0032] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for integrating the construction of prefabricated concrete full-bucket brackets and the main body of an antique building. With respect to the construction of the full-bucket brackets, the present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions: A method for integrating the construction of a prefabricated concrete full-bucket bracket and a main body of an antique building comprises the following steps: S1. Prefabrication of brackets off-site 1) According to the overall structure of the bracket set, the bracket set is divided into the first layer, the second layer, ..., and the nth layer from bottom to top; among them, the first layer is the sitting bracket set, and each layer from the second layer to the nth layer is composed of multiple different components; the sitting bracket set of the first layer is modeled using BIM technology, and each layer from the second layer to the (n-1)th layer is modeled using BIM technology, and each component of the nth layer is constructed and modeled using BIM technology.

[0033] 2) Based on the established model, the manufacturer's CNC machine tools are used to generate various molds; the strength and precision of the molds meet the design requirements to ensure the accuracy of the size and shape of each part of the bracket.

[0034] 3) Tie up the steel bars of each part of the bracket; ensure that the position and spacing of the steel bars meet the design requirements. The specifications and models of the steel bars are determined according to the requirements of the drawings, and the steel bars are connected by welding.

[0035] 4) Pour concrete and use a small vibrating rod to compact it to ensure the quality of the concrete; the mix ratio of concrete is determined according to the design requirements.

[0036] 5) The maintenance time for each part of the bracket shall be no less than 7 days to ensure that the strength of each part of the bracket meets the design requirements.

[0037] S2. Assembly of brackets in the venue 1) Transport the first-layer bucket, the second to (n-1)th layers, and the components of the nth layer to the construction site and stack them in categories.

[0038] 2) Lay out and assemble on a solid and flat ground, and assemble the prefabricated second to (n-1) layers in layers. Pay attention to adjusting the angle and position during installation to ensure that each layer is connected as a whole through the form of "mortise and tenon joints"; after the second to (n-1) layers of the full bucket part are assembled, first place the two parts symmetrically, then horizontally overlap and flat weld the reserved steel bars of the corresponding layers of the two parts, then add a vertical steel bar in between, and finally spot weld the vertical steel bars to the reserved steel bars of each layer, so that the second to (n-1) layers of the full bucket part are connected as a whole, forming the second to (n-1) layers of the full bucket integral bracket.

[0039] S3. Support system setup 1) Set up double-row scaffolding, and the erection of the scaffolding should comply with relevant specifications; the spacing between the vertical poles and the horizontal pole pitch of the scaffolding should be determined according to the spacing of the brackets and the construction load.

[0040] 2) An adjustable support is set at the top of the scaffolding column to support the bracket; the adjustable height of the adjustable support is adjusted according to the installation height of the bracket to ensure the stability of the bracket.

[0041] S4. Installation of brackets 1) Installation of the first layer bucket ① Transport the sitting bucket to the casting surface of the shear wall of the main structure, adjust the position of the two sitting buckets so that the outer edge of the bottom of the sitting bucket coincides with the edge of the shear wall, and the two sitting buckets are set symmetrically. At least two vertical steel bars of the shear wall can be accommodated between the two sitting buckets, and the vertical steel bars are evenly distributed between the two sitting buckets; after the two sitting buckets are accurately positioned, square timbers are installed on both sides of the sitting bucket perpendicular to the direction of the shear wall, and mountain clips are used to fix them parallel to the direction of the shear wall. After the reinforcement is completed, check the sitting buckets to ensure accurate positioning.

[0042] ② After the two sit-ups are precisely positioned, first overlap and weld the horizontal reserved steel bars of the two sit-ups to connect the two sit-ups as a whole, and then weld the overlapped and welded horizontal reserved steel bars to the vertical steel bars of the shear wall to ensure a firm connection between the two sit-ups and the shear wall.

[0043] ③After the two buckets are installed, adjust and fix them to ensure that the horizontality and verticality of the two buckets meet the design requirements.

[0044] 2) Overall hoisting of the second to (n-1)th layer of full-bucket integral brackets ① Install slings on both sides of the second to (n-1)th layers of the integral bracket, and place an iron shoulder pole between the two slings to ensure the verticality of the slings; use a crane for integral lifting. Pay attention to safety during the lifting process to avoid collision and damage to the second to (n-1)th layers of the integral bracket.

[0045] ② Lift the second to (n-1)th layers of full-bucket integral brackets to just above the two sitting buckets, and let the middle of the second to (n-1)th layers of full-bucket integral brackets pass through the vertical reinforcement of the shear wall between the two sitting buckets. Slowly lower the crane hook. When it is lowered 10 cm from the sitting bucket, manually adjust the position of the second to (n-1)th layers of full-bucket integral brackets to ensure that the second to (n-1)th layers of full-bucket integral brackets are accurately located in the mortise and tenon joints of the two sitting buckets.

[0046] ③ At this time, the crane does not release the hook, and adjusts the adjustable supports on the top of the double-row scaffolding columns respectively, and supports them at appropriate positions on both sides of the second to (n-1)th layers of full-bucket integral brackets. After the support system is adjusted, check the horizontality and verticality of the second to (n-1)th layers of full-bucket integral brackets, and slowly release the hook of the crane to ensure that the second to (n-1)th layers of full-bucket integral brackets are accurately and stably in place.

[0047] ④ Weld the reserved steel bars of each layer of the second to the (n-1)th layers of the integral bracket to the vertical steel bars of the shear wall. At the same time, weld the vertical steel bars of the second to the (n-1)th layers of the integral bracket to the two horizontal reserved steel bars of the sitting bracket to ensure that the installed parts are connected to the shear wall as a whole.

[0048] 3) Installation of components on the nth layer Install the components of the nth layer at the corresponding positions on the second to (n-1)th layer full-bucket integral brackets, and fill the gaps with fine stone concrete.

[0049] S5. Main concrete construction of the arch layer 1) Template installation ① Template preparation 8mm high-strength cement fiber board is selected as the formwork material to ensure that the strength and rigidity of the formwork meet the construction requirements.

[0050] Prepare wooden planks and M14 wall screws. The wooden planks should be made of good quality and regular sized wood. The diameter and length of the M14 wall screws should be selected according to the thickness of the formwork and the lateral pressure of the concrete.

[0051] ②Template installation Cut the 8mm high-strength cement fiberboard to a height from the bottom of the base to the top of the drawbar and a width equal to the distance between brackets to ensure the accuracy of the template size.

[0052] 8mm high-strength cement fiber boards are installed on the inner and outer ends of the bracket eye.

[0053] Cement supports are set inside the formwork with a spacing of no more than 600mm. Two horizontal and one vertical wooden slats are installed on the inner and outer sides of the two 8mm high-strength cement fiber boards. Holes are drilled on the two 8mm high-strength cement fiber boards and the vertical wooden slats to install tension bolts. The tension bolts pass through the two 8mm high-strength cement fiber boards and the vertical wooden slats, and are fastened with mountain clips and nuts at the inner and outer ends of the tension bolts.

[0054] ③ After the installation of each template is completed, carry out quality inspection to check whether the size of each template is accurate, and whether the flatness and verticality meet the requirements; check whether the joints and corners of each template are tightly sealed and whether there is any leakage; check whether the tightness of the tension bolts and wooden slats meets the requirements and whether there is any looseness.

[0055] 2) Concrete pouring After installing all the formworks, concrete pouring is carried out and compacted with a small vibrating rod to ensure the quality of the concrete. After the concrete pouring is completed, the shear wall and prefabricated bracket are constructed in an integrated manner.

[0056] S6. Cover plate installation The cover plate on the upper part of the bracket is paved with 20mm high-strength cement fiber board.

[0057] S7. Roof structure construction After the slab is laid, the roof structure is constructed; the roof structure uses traditional wooden roof or modern steel structure roof according to the design requirements.

[0058] As for the above-mentioned construction method of integrating prefabricated concrete half / full brackets and main body of antique buildings, as a preferred technical solution, in step S1-2), the inner surface of the mold is smoothed to facilitate demoulding.

[0059] For the above-mentioned construction method of integrating prefabricated concrete half / full brackets and main body of antique buildings, as a preferred technical solution, in step S1-4), the strength grade of the concrete is C30.

[0060] For the above-mentioned construction method of integrating prefabricated concrete semi / full brackets with the main body of antique buildings, as a preferred technical solution, in step S1-5), the bracket concrete strength must reach more than 75% of the design strength before transportation.

[0061] For the above-mentioned construction method of integrating prefabricated concrete half / full-bucket brackets with the main body of antique buildings, as a preferred technical solution, in step S4-2)-①, a crane is first used for overall trial lifting. When the crane lifts the second to (n-1)th layers of half / full-bucket brackets 30 cm off the ground, it stays in the air for 3 minutes to observe the stability of the lifting. When it is confirmed to be correct, the overall lifting is started.

[0062] The core principle of the construction method of the present invention is to combine modern reinforced concrete technology with traditional bracket setts to achieve the modern construction of antique buildings through sophisticated engineering design and construction technology. The main process principles include: 1) Principle of structural integrity In the method of the present invention, the bracket is no longer a decorative component independent of the main structure, but forms a whole with the main frame structure through embedded steel bars. This approach is based on the following principles: ① Mechanical synergy: Through precise calculation and design, the bracket becomes an organic part of the main structure, participating in load-bearing and force transmission. ② Stress distribution optimization: The setting position and direction of the embedded steel bars are optimized through finite element analysis to ensure that the stress is evenly distributed throughout the structure. ③ Overall stiffness improvement: The integrated design of the bracket and the main structure increases the overall stiffness of the building and improves the lateral force resistance performance.

[0063] 2) Prefabrication and assembly principle The use of prefabrication and assembly technology is mainly based on the following principles: ① Standardized production: The complex bracket structure is decomposed into standardized components to facilitate factory production. ② Modular design: The bracket components are designed as detachable and easy-to-assemble modules to facilitate transportation and on-site installation. ③ Connection reliability: The high-performance connection node design is adopted to ensure reliable connections between prefabricated components and with the main structure.

[0064] 3) New material application technology Construction of arch eye wall and cover board: The arch eye wall is cast-in-place concrete, and 8mm thick high-strength cement fiber board is used as the template. The cover board uses 20mm high-strength cement fiber board and serves as the bottom membrane of the upper roof structure.

[0065] 4) Construction synchronization principle The principle of synchronous construction of brackets and main structure: ① Pre-reservation and pre-embedding: Accurately reserve bracket installation positions and pre-embed connecting steel bars during main structure construction. ② Segmented installation: The brackets are divided into three parts: the first layer of brackets, the second layer to the (n-1)th layer of half / full brackets, and the bracket components of the nth layer, to achieve synchronous construction with the main structure. ③ Calibration and adjustment: Use an adjustable support system to ensure the accuracy and adjustability of bracket installation.

[0066] The innovation of the construction method of the present invention lies in the organic combination of these principles to form a complete and operable construction system. Through the application of these principles, the modern construction of traditional bracket sets is realized, which not only retains the aesthetic characteristics of traditional architecture, but also meets the various performance requirements of modern architecture.

[0067] The design features of the construction method of the present invention include: 1) Structural integration: As a decorative component of antique buildings, bracket sets can also be constructed by post-installation method. However, if they are constructed simultaneously with the main structure and connected to the main structure as a whole, they can also share part of the stress of the main structure and improve the overall performance of the building.

[0068] 2) Modular design: The prefabrication of bracket components is standardized, which facilitates factory production and rapid on-site installation.

[0069] 3) Lightweight and high strength: The use of high-performance concrete reduces the deadweight of the structure and improves its earthquake resistance.

[0070] 4) Precise imitation of antiques: Through precision molds and surface treatment technology, the shape and texture of traditional wooden bracket sets are accurately restored.

[0071] 5) Fireproof and durable: Concrete material is used as the material for the bracket setback, which has excellent fireproof performance and durability.

[0072] 6) High construction efficiency: The use of prefabricated components greatly shortens on-site construction time.

[0073] 7) Advanced formwork: The arch plate formwork adopts 8mm thick high-strength cement fiber board, and the cover plate adopts 20mm high-strength cement fiber board, which can be used as the base membrane of the upper center purlin, cantilever purlin, etc., saving materials and improving construction efficiency.

[0074] In summary, compared with the prior art, the construction method of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1) Prefabricated reinforced concrete brackets are produced in factories, with stable quality and high dimensional accuracy, which reduces errors and rework in on-site construction and reduces construction costs. Factory production can achieve large-scale production, improve production efficiency and reduce production costs. At the same time, the quality of prefabricated components can be effectively controlled, reducing quality problems in on-site construction and reducing rework costs.

[0075] 2) The installation of the brackets is carried out simultaneously with the main structure, which shortens the construction period and improves the construction efficiency. Synchronous construction can avoid the trouble and cost increase caused by secondary construction, improve construction efficiency and shorten the construction period. At the same time, it reduces the idle time of manpower and equipment and reduces the total cost of the project.

[0076] 3) High-strength cement fiberboard is used as the arch eye wall board formwork and cover board, and as the bottom membrane of the upper roof structure, saving the cost of formwork and supporting materials, and also reducing the labor and machinery costs during the construction process. High-strength cement fiberboard has the advantages of high strength, light weight, and easy installation. It can replace traditional wooden formwork and supporting materials, saving material costs. At the same time, it reduces the labor and machinery costs during the construction process and improves construction efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0077] The drawings herein are used to provide further explanation of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their description are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0078] Figure 1 It is a plan view of the five-step flat-body full-bucket bracket in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0079] Figure 2 It is a vertical view of the five-step flat-body full-bucket bracket in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0080] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the five-step flat-body full-bucket bracket in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0081] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the construction of 8 mm thick high-strength cement fiber board in the template installation of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0082] Figure 5 It is a plan view of the five-step flat-body half-bucket arch in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0083] Figure 6 It is a vertical view of the five-step flat-body half-bucket arch in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0084] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the five-step flat-body half-bucket arch in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0085] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the construction of 8 mm thick high-strength cement fiber board in the template installation of Example 2 of the present invention.

[0086] In the figure: 1-five-step flat body full-dou arch, 2-five-step flat body half-dou arch, 3-eighteen dou, 4-three talents sheng, 5-cao shengzi, 6-ang, 7-chrysanthemum head, 8-grasshopper head, 9-six-point head, 10-support head wood, 11-hemp leaf head, 12-wing arch, 13-overhanging eaves beam, 14-outer pull melon arch, 15-outer pull Wan arch, 16-outer pull beam, 17-center melon arch, 18-center Wan arch, 19-center beam, 20-qiao, 21-inner pull melon arch, 22-inner pull Wan arch, 23-inner pull beam, 24-wellhead beam, 25-8mm high-strength cement fiberboard, 26-20mm high-strength cement fiberboard. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0087] In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the present invention, the present invention is further clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments and examples of this application can be combined with each other.

[0088] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "inside", "outside", "top", "bottom", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. Example

[0089] This embodiment provides a method for integrating the construction of a prefabricated concrete full-bucket bracket and a main body of an antique building, wherein the full-bucket bracket takes a five-step flat-body full-bucket bracket 1 as an example, and the structure of the five-step flat-body full-bucket bracket 1 is as follows: Figures 1 to 3 As shown. The five-step flat body full-bucket bracket 1 is divided into five layers from bottom to top: the first layer is the sitting bracket; the second layer is the four types of components, namely, the tilting 20, the center melon arch 17, the groove riser 5, and the eighteen buckets 3; the third layer is the ang 6, the single-material melon arch (center melon arch 17, the inner melon arch 21), the center Wan Gong 18, the chrysanthemum head 7, the eighteen buckets 3, the groove riser 5, and the three-talent riser 4, a total of seven components; the fourth layer is the grasshopper head 8, the wing arch 12, the single-material Wan Gong (outer Wan Gong 15, inner Wan Gong 22), the center beam 19, and the eighteen buckets 3, a total of five components; the fifth layer is the eaves beam 13, the inner and outer beam 16, the center beam 19, the head wood 10, and the wellhead beam 24, a total of five components.

[0090] The above-mentioned five-step flat body full-bucket bracket 1 and the main body integrated construction method specifically includes the following steps: S1. Prefabrication of brackets off-site 1) According to the overall structure of the bracket set, the first-floor bracket set was modeled using BIM technology, each of the second to fourth floors was modeled using BIM technology, and each component of the fifth floor was modeled using BIM technology.

[0091] 2) Based on the established model, the manufacturer's CNC machine tools are used to generate various molds; the strength and precision of the molds meet the design requirements to ensure the accuracy of the size and shape of each part of the bracket; the inner surface of the mold is smoothed to facilitate demoulding.

[0092] 3) Tie up the steel bars of each part of the bracket; ensure that the position and spacing of the steel bars meet the design requirements. The specifications and models of the steel bars are determined according to the requirements of the drawings, and the steel bars are connected by welding.

[0093] 4) When pouring concrete, use a small vibrating rod to compact it to ensure the quality of the concrete; the mix ratio of concrete is determined according to the design requirements, and the strength grade of the concrete is not less than C30.

[0094] 5) The maintenance time for each part of the bracket set shall be no less than 7 days to ensure that the strength of each part of the bracket set meets the design requirements; the bracket set concrete strength must reach more than 75% of the design strength before it can be transported.

[0095] S2. Assembly of brackets in the venue 1) Transport the first-layer bucket, the second to fourth layers, and the components of the fifth layer to the construction site and stack them in categories.

[0096] 2) Lay out and assemble on a solid and flat ground, assemble the prefabricated second to fourth layers in layers, pay attention to adjusting the angle and position during installation, and ensure that each layer is connected as a whole through the form of "mortise and tenon joints"; after the second to fourth layers of the two parts are assembled, first place the two parts symmetrically, then horizontally overlap and flat weld the reserved steel bars of the corresponding layers of the two parts, then add a vertical steel bar in between, and finally spot weld the vertical steel bars to the reserved steel bars of each layer, so that the second to fourth layers of the two parts are connected as a whole, forming the second to fourth layer full-bucket integral bracket.

[0097] Specifically, the assembly points of the second to fourth layers are as follows: ① Second layer Component names: Qiao 20, central melon arch 17, trough riser 5, eighteen buckets 3.

[0098] Assembly points: the cantilever direction has 20 head tilts and 18 buckets 3, the center direction has 17 arches and 5 arches. The precast concrete bucket arch is divided into two parts at the center position. The inner and outer tilts 20, the arch and the bucket are cast as an integrated component. When installing, place the inner and outer halves on a solid and flat ground with cross lines drawn, adjust the angle and position, and connect the front and rear halves together by welding the reserved steel bars.

[0099] ②Third floor Component names: Ang 6, single-material melon arch (inner melon arch 21, outer melon arch 14), zhengxin Wan Gong 18, chrysanthemum head 7, eighteen buckets 3, trough Shengzi 5, three talents Sheng 4.

[0100] Assembly points: 18 straight arches in the center of the center have slotted risers 5; one straight arch in the inner and outer frame direction has three risers 4; 6, 6 heads and 6 tails in the cantilever direction all have 18 buckets 3, and 6 tails have chrysanthemum heads 7. As with the second floor, the components of this floor are divided inside and outside, the components in the center of the center are divided into two, and the inside and outside are integrated prefabricated components. The inner and outer melon arches 14 have 18 buckets 3 at the bottom, and the straight arches 18 have slotted risers 5 at the bottom. The inside and outside integrated components are welded together through reserved steel bars to ensure that the components are firmly connected and the angles and positions meet the design requirements.

[0101] ③Fourth floor Component names: Grasshopper heads 8, side arches 12, single-material Wan arches (inner Wan arches 22, outer Wan arches 15), center beams 19, and eighteen buckets 3.

[0102] Assembly points: center-center direction center-center imitation; cantilever direction grasshopper head 8 with six-point head 9, the tail falls eighteen buckets 3; the first jump of the inner and outer pulling frame direction is the inner and outer pulling arch 15, the arch head falls three times and rises 4, the second jump is the outer pulling box arch 12, the arch head falls three times and rises 4. Like the third layer above, the components of this layer are divided inside and outside, the center-center direction components are divided into two, and the inside and outside are integrated prefabricated components. The box arch 12 falls on the eighteen buckets 3 above the lower ang 6, the inside and outside pulling arch 15 falls on the lower inside and outside pulling melon arch 14 and rises 4, and the center imitation falls on the lower center-center arch 18. The inside and outside pulling integrated components are welded together through the reserved steel bars to ensure that the components are firmly connected and the angles and positions meet the design requirements.

[0103] S3. Support system setup 1) Double-row scaffolding is set up under the front and rear ends of the five-step flat-body full-bucket bracket 1 "Ang 6". The erection of the scaffolding should comply with the requirements of relevant specifications; the spacing between the vertical poles and the horizontal pole pitch of the scaffolding shall be determined according to the spacing of the brackets and the construction load.

[0104] 2) An adjustable support is set at the top of the scaffolding column to support the bracket; the adjustable height of the adjustable support is adjusted according to the installation height of the bracket to ensure the stability of the bracket.

[0105] S4. Installation of brackets 1) Installation of the first layer bucket ① Transport the sitting bucket to the casting surface of the shear wall of the main structure, adjust the position of the two sitting buckets so that the outer edge of the bottom of the sitting bucket coincides with the edge of the shear wall, and the two sitting buckets are set symmetrically. At least two vertical steel bars of the shear wall can be accommodated between the two sitting buckets, and the vertical steel bars are evenly distributed between the two sitting buckets; after the two sitting buckets are accurately positioned, square timbers are installed on both sides of the sitting bucket perpendicular to the direction of the shear wall, and mountain clips are used to fix them parallel to the direction of the shear wall. After the reinforcement is completed, check the sitting buckets to ensure accurate positioning.

[0106] ② After the two sit-ups are precisely positioned, first overlap and weld the horizontal reserved steel bars of the two sit-ups to connect the two sit-ups as a whole, and then weld the overlapped and welded horizontal reserved steel bars to the vertical steel bars of the shear wall to ensure a firm connection between the two sit-ups and the shear wall.

[0107] ③After the two buckets are installed, adjust and fix them to ensure that the horizontality and verticality of the two buckets meet the design requirements.

[0108] 2) Overall hoisting of the second to fourth floors of full-bucket integral brackets ① Install slings on both sides of the second to fourth layers of the integral bracket, and place an iron shoulder pole between the two slings to ensure the verticality of the slings; first use a crane to test lift the entire structure. When the crane lifts the second to fourth layers of the integral bracket 30cm off the ground, keep it in the air for 3min to observe the stability of the lifting. When it is confirmed to be correct, start the overall lifting. Pay attention to safety during the lifting process to avoid collision and damage to the second to fourth layers of the integral bracket.

[0109] ② Lift the second to fourth layers of full-bucket integral brackets to just above the two sitting buckets, and let the middle of the second to fourth layers of full-bucket integral brackets pass through the vertical reinforcement of the shear wall between the two sitting buckets. Slowly lower the crane hook, and when it is lowered 10 cm away from the sitting buckets, manually adjust the position of the second to fourth layers of full-bucket integral brackets to ensure that the second to fourth layers of full-bucket integral brackets are accurately located in the mortise and tenon joints of the two sitting buckets.

[0110] ③ At this time, the crane does not release the hook, and adjusts the adjustable supports on the top of the double-row scaffolding columns respectively, and supports them at appropriate positions on both sides of the second to fourth layers of full-bucket integral brackets. After the support system is adjusted, check the horizontality and verticality of the second to fourth layers of full-bucket integral brackets, and slowly release the hook of the crane to make the second to fourth layers of full-bucket integral brackets accurately and stably in place.

[0111] ④ Weld the reserved steel bars of each layer of the second to fourth layers of the integral bracket to the vertical steel bars of the shear wall. At the same time, weld the vertical steel bars of the second to fourth layers of the integral bracket to the two horizontal reserved steel bars of the sitting bracket to ensure that the installed parts are connected to the shear wall as a whole.

[0112] 3) Installation of components on the fifth floor Install the components of the fifth layer at the corresponding positions on the second to fourth layer full-bucket integral brackets, and fill the gaps with fine stone concrete.

[0113] Specifically, the assembly points of the fifth layer are as follows: Component names: Eaves beam 13, inner and outer pull beams 16, center beam 19, supporting beam 10, wellhead beam 24.

[0114] Assembly points: The center of the center can be pre-installed when the third-layer center beam 19 is installed, and the height is set to 2 times the height of the single-layer beam. In the cantilever direction, the concrete support head wood 10 is only set at the rear part of the inner pull beam 23, with a hemp leaf head 11. In the inner and outer pull direction, the second jump on the inner side is set with a box arch 12, and the arch head falls three times and rises 4. The support head wood 10 is horizontally stacked on the grasshopper head 8, the entrance beam falls the box arch 12 of this layer and rises 4 three times, the cantilever eaves beam 13 falls the lower box arch 12 and rises 4 three times, and the inner and outer pull beam 16 falls the lower inner and outer pull arch 15 and rises 4 three times. The beam is a prefabricated component with the distance between the brackets as the length modulus. The connection between the beams is welded with the reserved steel bars at the end of the beam, and the gap is filled with fine stone concrete.

[0115] S5. Main concrete construction of the arch layer The arch pad of the antique building is a concrete shear wall. After the brackets are installed, only the arch holes between the adjacent brackets are exposed. Ordinary wooden templates need to be processed according to the shape of the arch holes, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Batch production cannot ensure that the arch holes are tightly supported, and reinforcement is inconvenient, and it is easy to leak the mold; and the concrete surface needs to be plastered during the later painting construction of the arch hole wall. This embodiment uses 8mm high-strength cement fiber board 25 as a template, and directly supports the 8mm high-strength cement fiber board 25 at the bracket holes, without cutting according to the brackets, easy to install, and does not need to be removed, and can be directly painted later.

[0116] 1) Template installation ① Template preparation 8mm high-strength cement fiber board 25 is selected as the formwork material with a size of 1220*2440 to ensure that the strength and rigidity of the formwork meet the construction requirements.

[0117] Prepare wooden planks and M14 wall screws. The wooden planks should be made of good quality and regular sized wood. The diameter and length of the M14 wall screws should be selected according to the thickness of the formwork and the lateral pressure of the concrete.

[0118] ②Template installation According to the size of the arch pad, cut the 8mm high-strength cement fiber board 25, the height is from the bottom of the sitting bucket to the top of the pulling beam, and the width is the distance between the brackets, to ensure the accuracy of the size of the template.

[0119] Five-step flat body full-bucket arch 1 On both sides of the arch plate, that is, the inner and outer ends of the arch eye are respectively installed with 8mm high-strength cement fiber boards 25, such as Figure 4 shown.

[0120] Cement supports are set inside the formwork with a spacing of no more than 600mm. Two horizontal and one vertical wooden slats are installed at the inner and outer ends of the two 8mm high-strength cement fiber boards 25, with the horizontal wooden slats on the inner side and the vertical wooden slats on the outer side. Holes are drilled on the two 8mm high-strength cement fiber boards 25 and the vertical wooden slats to install tension bolts. The spacing of the tension bolts is calculated and determined based on the size of the formwork and the lateral pressure of the concrete. The tension bolts pass through the two 8mm high-strength cement fiber boards 25 and the vertical wooden slats, and are fastened with mountain clips and nuts at both ends of the tension bolts.

[0121] ③ After the installation of each template is completed, carry out quality inspection to check whether the size of each template is accurate, and whether the flatness and verticality meet the requirements; check whether the joints and corners of each template are tightly sealed and whether there is any leakage; check whether the tightness of the tension bolts and wooden slats meets the requirements and whether there is any looseness.

[0122] 2) Concrete pouring After installing all the formworks, pour concrete and use a small vibrating rod to compact the concrete to ensure its quality; pour the arch plate (concrete shear wall) to the level of the center beam 19; after the concrete pouring is completed, the shear wall and prefabricated bracket are integrated.

[0123] S6. Cover plate installation The cover plate on the upper part of the bracket is paved with 20mm high-strength cement fiber board 26. Figure 4 As shown; ensure that the quality of the 20mm high-strength cement fiber board 26 meets the design requirements, and the specifications, models and dimensions are accurate; check the 20mm high-strength cement fiber board 26 to see if there are cracks, missing corners, deformation and other defects. Unqualified boards shall not be used; at the same time, prepare screws, bolts, gaskets and other accessories for connection and fixing.

[0124] ①Dimension measurement According to the actual size and installation position of the bracket, the size of the 20mm high-strength cement fiber board 26 is measured to ensure that the size of the bracket cover plate matches the bracket.

[0125] ② Cutting Use an electric saw or hand saw to cut the 20mm high-strength cement fiber board 26. When cutting, care should be taken to keep the edges of the board flat and smooth to avoid edge collapse and corner chipping. For areas that require holes, use an electric drill or hole opener to make holes, and the location and size of the holes should be accurate.

[0126] ③ Polishing The edges and surfaces of the cut 20mm high-strength cement fiber board 26 are polished to remove burrs and sharp edges, etc., so that the surface of the board is smooth and flat for easy installation and splicing.

[0127] ④Install the cover plate Positioning: Position the cut cover board according to the measured and laid-out position to ensure that the installation position of the cover board is accurate. During the positioning process, tools such as spirit levels and plumb lines can be used for auxiliary measurements to ensure the horizontality and verticality of the cover board.

[0128] According to the design requirements, use screws, bolts and other connectors to connect and fix the cover slab and the bracket. When fixing, pay attention to the tightening force of the screws, so as to ensure that the cover slab and the bracket are firmly connected, and avoid cracking or deformation of the cement fiber board due to excessive tightening. For the cover slabs that need to be spliced, apply sealant at the joints or use connectors for splicing to ensure the sealing and firmness of the joints.

[0129] After the installation of the cover board is completed, it should be adjusted and corrected, and the horizontality, verticality, flatness and the firmness of the connection with the bracket should be checked; any parts that do not meet the requirements should be adjusted and repaired in time.

[0130] ⑤ Gap treatment For the gaps between the cover boards, use sealant or caulking agent to fill them. When filling, pay attention to filling the gaps fully and densely to avoid the phenomenon of missing gaps or loose filling.

[0131] The gap between the cover plate and the bracket is also sealed and filled with materials such as sealant or rubber gasket to ensure the integrity and sealing of the bracket.

[0132] S7. Roof structure construction After the slab is laid, the roof structure is constructed; the roof structure uses traditional wooden roof or modern steel structure roof according to the design requirements.

[0133] Construct the roof structure according to the design requirements to ensure that the roof slope, drainage, etc. meet the requirements. Example

[0134] This embodiment provides a method for integrating the construction of a prefabricated concrete half-bucket and a main body of an antique building, wherein the half-bucket takes a five-step flat half-bucket 2 as an example. The structure of the five-step flat half-bucket 2 is as follows: Figures 4 to 6 The structure of the five-step flat body half-bucket arch 2 is the outer part of the five-step flat body full-bucket arch 1 in Example 1 divided into two parts in the center direction. The names of the components of the five-step flat body half-bucket arch 2 are consistent with the outer part of the five-step flat body full-bucket arch 1 in Example 1. The installation can refer to the installation process of the five-step flat body full-bucket arch 1 in Example 1.

[0135] The above-mentioned five-step flat body half-bucket arch 2 and the main body integrated construction method specifically includes the following steps: S1. Prefabrication of brackets off-site 1) According to the overall structure of the bracket set, the first-floor bracket set was modeled using BIM technology, each of the second to fourth floors was modeled using BIM technology, and each component of the fifth floor was modeled using BIM technology.

[0136] 2) Based on the established model, the manufacturer's CNC machine tools are used to generate various molds; the strength and precision of the molds meet the design requirements to ensure the accuracy of the size and shape of each part of the bracket; the inner surface of the mold is smoothed to facilitate demoulding.

[0137] 3) Tie up the steel bars of each part of the bracket; ensure that the position and spacing of the steel bars meet the design requirements. The specifications and models of the steel bars are determined according to the requirements of the drawings, and the steel bars are connected by welding.

[0138] 4) When pouring concrete, use a small vibrating rod to compact it to ensure the quality of the concrete; the mix ratio of concrete is determined according to the design requirements, and the strength grade of the concrete is not less than C30.

[0139] 5) The maintenance time for each part of the bracket set shall be no less than 7 days to ensure that the strength of each part of the bracket set meets the design requirements; the bracket set concrete strength must reach more than 75% of the design strength before it can be transported.

[0140] S2. Assembly of brackets in the venue 1) Transport the first-layer bucket, the second to fourth layers, and the components of the fifth layer to the construction site and stack them in categories.

[0141] 2) Lay out and assemble on a solid and flat ground, assemble the prefabricated second to fourth layers in layers, pay attention to adjusting the angle and position during installation, and ensure that each layer is connected as a whole through the form of "mortise and tenon joints"; add a vertical steel bar between the reserved steel bars of the second to fourth layers, and spot weld the vertical steel bars to the reserved steel bars of each layer, so as to connect the second to fourth layers as a whole, forming the second to fourth layer semi-bucket integral bracket.

[0142] Specifically, the assembly points of the second to fourth layers are consistent with the assembly points of the second to fourth layers of the five-step flat-body full-bucket bracket 1 in Example 1.

[0143] S3. Support system setup 1) A single-row scaffolding is set up under the front end of the five-step flat-body half-bucket bracket 2 "Ang 6". The erection of the scaffolding should comply with the requirements of relevant specifications; the spacing between the vertical poles and the horizontal pole pitch of the scaffolding should be determined according to the spacing of the brackets and the construction load.

[0144] 2) An adjustable support is set at the top of the scaffolding column to support the bracket; the adjustable height of the adjustable support is adjusted according to the installation height of the bracket to ensure the stability of the bracket.

[0145] S4. Installation of brackets 1) Installation of the first layer bucket ① Transport the sitting bucket to the casting surface of the shear wall of the main structure, and adjust the position of the sitting bucket so that the outer edge of the bottom of the sitting bucket coincides with the edge of the shear wall.

[0146] ② After the seat bucket is accurately positioned, weld the horizontal reserved steel bars of the seat bucket to the vertical steel bars of the shear wall to ensure a firm connection between the seat bucket and the shear wall.

[0147] ③After the installation of the bucket is completed, adjust and fix it to ensure that the horizontality and verticality of the bucket meet the design requirements.

[0148] 2) Overall hoisting of the second to fourth floor half-bucket integral brackets ① Install slings on the second to fourth layer of half-bucket integral brackets, and first use a crane to test lift the entire bracket. When the crane lifts the second to fourth layer of half-bucket integral brackets 30cm off the ground, keep it in the air for 3 minutes to observe the stability of the lifting. When it is confirmed to be correct, start the overall lifting. Pay attention to safety during the lifting process to avoid collision and damage to the second to fourth layer of half-bucket integral brackets.

[0149] ② Lift the second to fourth layer of half-bucket integral brackets to just above the sitting bucket, slowly lower the crane hook, and when it is lowered to 10 cm from the sitting bucket, manually adjust the position of the second to fourth layer of half-bucket integral brackets to ensure that the second to fourth layer of half-bucket integral brackets are accurately located in the mortise and tenon joints of the sitting bucket.

[0150] ③ At this time, the crane does not release the hook, and adjusts the adjustable supports on the top of the single-row scaffolding columns respectively, and supports them at the appropriate positions of the second to fourth layer of half-bucket integral brackets. After the support system is adjusted, check the horizontality and verticality of the second to fourth layer of half-bucket integral brackets, and slowly release the hook of the crane to make the second to fourth layer of half-bucket integral brackets accurately and stably in place.

[0151] ④ Weld the reserved steel bars of each layer of the second to fourth layers of semi-bucket integral brackets to the vertical steel bars of the shear wall. At the same time, weld the vertical steel bars of the second to fourth layers of semi-bucket integral brackets to the horizontal reserved steel bars of the sitting bracket to ensure that the installed parts are connected to the shear wall as a whole.

[0152] 3) Installation of components on the fifth floor Install the components of the fifth layer at the corresponding positions on the second to fourth layer semi-dou integral brackets, and fill the gaps with fine stone concrete.

[0153] Specifically, the assembly points of the fifth layer are consistent with the assembly points of the fifth layer of the five-step flat-body full-bucket bracket 1 in Example 1.

[0154] S5. Main concrete construction of the arch layer The arch pad of the antique building is a concrete shear wall. After the bracket is installed, only the arch eye position between the adjacent brackets is exposed. If all the brackets are supported by ordinary wooden templates, they need to be processed according to the shape of the arch eye, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Batch production cannot ensure that the arch eye position is supported tightly, and reinforcement is inconvenient, and it is easy to leak the mold; and the concrete surface needs to be plastered during the later painting construction at the arch eye wall. According to the structural characteristics of the half-bucket bracket, this embodiment uses 8mm high-strength cement fiber board 25 as a template on the outer side of the half-bucket, and the inner side is a shear wall, so the traditional wooden template is used as the template; the 8mm high-strength cement fiber board 25 is directly set at the bracket eye, without cutting according to the bracket, easy to install, and does not need to be removed, and can be directly painted in the later stage.

[0155] 1) Template installation ① Template preparation 8mm high-strength cement fiber board 25 is selected as the formwork material with a size of 1220*2440 to ensure that the strength and rigidity of the formwork meet the construction requirements.

[0156] Prepare wooden planks, M14 wall screws, and wooden formwork. Wooden planks should be made of good quality and regular-sized wood. The diameter and length of the M14 wall screws should be selected according to the thickness of the formwork and the lateral pressure of the concrete. The wooden formwork should be made of glued wood formwork.

[0157] ②Template installation According to the size of the arch pad, cut the 8mm high-strength cement fiber board 25, the height is from the bottom of the sitting bucket to the top of the pulling beam, and the width is the distance between the brackets, to ensure the accuracy of the size of the template.

[0158] The outer side of the arch plate of the flat half-bucket arch, that is, the outer side of the arch eye, is equipped with 8mm high-strength cement fiber board 25, such as Figure 8 As shown; install the shear wall glued laminated timber formwork on the inner side of the arch plate.

[0159] Cement supports are set inside the formwork with a spacing of no more than 600mm; two horizontal and one vertical wooden slats are installed at the outer end of the 8mm high-strength cement fiber board 25, with the horizontal wooden slats on the inner side and the vertical wooden slats on the outer side; wooden slats and double steel pipe main slats are installed at the outer end of the glued wood formwork; holes are drilled on the 8mm high-strength cement fiber board 25, the glued wood formwork and the vertical wooden slats, and tension bolts are installed. The spacing of the tension bolts is calculated and determined based on the size of the formwork and the lateral pressure of the concrete; the tension bolts pass through the 8mm high-strength cement fiber board 25, the glued wood formwork, the vertical wooden slats and the double steel pipe main slats, and are fastened with mountain clips and nuts at both ends of the tension bolts.

[0160] ③ After the installation of each template is completed, carry out quality inspection to check whether the size of each template is accurate, and whether the flatness and verticality meet the requirements; check whether the joints and corners of each template are tightly sealed and whether there is any leakage; check whether the tightness of the tension bolts and wooden slats meets the requirements and whether there is any looseness.

[0161] 2) Concrete pouring After installing all the formworks, pour concrete and use a small vibrating rod to compact the concrete to ensure its quality; pour the arch plate (concrete shear wall) to the level of the center beam 19; after the concrete pouring is completed, the shear wall and prefabricated bracket are integrated.

[0162] S6. Cover plate installation The installation of the cover plate in this embodiment is consistent with the installation of the cover plate in Example 1. Figure 8 shown.

[0163] S7. Roof structure construction The construction of the roof structure in this embodiment is consistent with the construction of the roof structure in Embodiment 1.

[0164] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for integrating the construction of a prefabricated concrete half-bucket arch and a main body of an antique building, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Prefabrication of brackets off-site 1) According to the overall structure of the bracket, the bracket is divided into the first layer, the second layer, ..., and the nth layer from bottom to top; the first layer is the sitting bracket, and each layer from the second layer to the nth layer is composed of multiple different components; the sitting bracket of the first layer is modeled using BIM technology, and each layer from the second layer to the (n-1)th layer is modeled as a whole layer using BIM technology, and each component of the nth layer is modeled using BIM technology; 2) Based on the established model, the manufacturer's CNC machine tool is used to generate each mold; the strength and precision of the mold meet the design requirements to ensure the accuracy of the size and shape of each part of the bracket; 3) Tie up the steel bars of each part of the bracket to ensure that the position and spacing of the steel bars meet the design requirements. The specifications and models of the steel bars are determined according to the requirements of the drawings, and the steel bars are connected by welding; 4) Pour concrete and use a small vibrating rod to compact it to ensure the quality of the concrete; the mix ratio of concrete is determined according to the design requirements; 5) The maintenance time of each part of the bracket shall be no less than 7 days to ensure that the strength of each part of the bracket meets the design requirements; S2. Assembly of brackets in the venue 1) Transport the first-layer bucket, the second to (n-1)th layers, and the components of the nth layer to the construction site and stack them in categories; 2) Lay out and assemble on a solid and flat ground, assemble the prefabricated second to (n-1)th layers in layers, pay attention to adjusting the angle and position during installation, and ensure that each layer is connected as a whole through the form of "mortise and tenon joints"; add a vertical steel bar between the reserved steel bars of the second to (n-1)th layers, and spot weld the vertical steel bar to the reserved steel bars of each layer, so as to connect the second to (n-1)th layers as a whole, forming the second to (n-1)th layers of semi-bucket integral brackets; S3. Support system setup 1) Set up a single-row scaffolding, and the erection of the scaffolding should comply with the relevant specifications; the spacing between the vertical poles and the horizontal pole steps of the scaffolding should be determined according to the spacing of the brackets and the construction load; 2) An adjustable support is set at the top of the scaffolding column to support the bracket. The height of the adjustable support is adjusted according to the installation height of the bracket to ensure the stability of the bracket. S4. Installation of brackets 1) Installation of the first layer bucket ① Transport the bucket to the casting surface of the shear wall of the main structure, and adjust the position of the bucket so that the outer edge of the bottom of the bucket coincides with the edge of the shear wall; ② After the bucket is accurately positioned, weld the horizontal reserved steel bars of the bucket to the vertical steel bars of the shear wall to ensure a firm connection between the bucket and the shear wall; ③After the bucket is installed, adjust and fix it to ensure that the horizontality and verticality of the bucket meet the design requirements; 2) Overall hoisting of the second to the (n-1)th layer of half-bucket integral brackets ① Install slings on the second to (n-1)th layer of semi-bucket integral brackets and use cranes to hoist them as a whole. Pay attention to safety during the hoisting process to avoid collision and damage to the second to (n-1)th layer of semi-bucket integral brackets; ② Lift the second to (n-1)th layer of half-bucket integral brackets to the top of the sitting bucket, and slowly lower the crane hook. When it is 10 cm away from the sitting bucket, manually adjust the position of the second to (n-1)th layer of half-bucket integral brackets to ensure that the second to (n-1)th layer of half-bucket integral brackets are accurately located in the mortise and tenon joints of the sitting bucket; ③ At this time, the crane does not release the hook, adjust the adjustable support on the top of the scaffolding column, and support it at the appropriate position of the second to (n-1)th layer of half-bucket integral brackets. After the support system is adjusted, check the horizontality and verticality of the second to (n-1)th layer of half-bucket integral brackets. The crane slowly releases the hook to ensure that the second to (n-1)th layer of half-bucket integral brackets are accurately and stably in place; ④ Weld the reserved steel bars of each layer of the second to (n-1)th layers of half-bucket integral brackets to the vertical steel bars of the shear wall. At the same time, weld the vertical steel bars of the second to (n-1)th layers of half-bucket integral brackets to the horizontal reserved steel bars of the seat bracket to ensure that the installed parts are connected to the shear wall as a whole; 3) Installation of components on the nth layer Install the components of the nth layer at the corresponding positions on the half-bucket integral brackets of the second to (n-1)th layers, and fill the gaps with fine stone concrete; S5. Main concrete construction of the arch layer 1) Template installation ① Template preparation Select 8mm high-strength cement fiberboard as the formwork material to ensure that the strength and rigidity of the formwork meet the construction requirements; Prepare the wooden planks, M14 through-wall screws, and wooden formwork. The wooden planks should be made of good quality and regular sized wood. The diameter and length of the M14 through-wall screws should be selected according to the thickness of the formwork and the lateral pressure of the concrete. ②Template installation Cut the 8mm high-strength cement fiberboard to the height from the bottom of the base to the top of the drawbar, and the width to the distance between the brackets, to ensure the template size is accurate; Install 8mm high-strength cement fiberboard on the outer side of the bracket eye and install wooden formwork on the inner side; Set cement supports inside the formwork with a spacing of no more than 600mm; install two horizontal and one vertical wooden strips on both sides of the 8mm high-strength cement fiber board and the wooden formwork, drill holes on the 8mm high-strength cement fiber board, the wooden formwork and the vertical wooden strips, install tension bolts, pass the tension bolts through the 8mm high-strength cement fiber board, the wooden formwork and the vertical wooden strips, and fasten them with mountain clips and nuts at both ends of the tension bolts; ③ Template quality inspection After the installation of each template is completed, a quality inspection is carried out to check whether the size of each template is accurate, whether the flatness and verticality meet the requirements; check whether the joints and corners of each template are tightly sealed and whether there is any leakage; check whether the tightness of the tension bolts and wooden slats meets the requirements and whether there is any looseness; 2) Concrete pouring After installing the formwork, concrete pouring is carried out, and a small vibrating rod is used to compact the concrete to ensure the quality of the concrete. After the concrete pouring is completed, the shear wall and prefabricated brackets are integrated. S6. Cover plate installation The cover board on the upper part of the bracket is paved with 20mm high-strength cement fiber board; S7. Roof structure construction After the slab is laid, the roof structure is constructed; the roof structure uses traditional wooden roof or modern steel structure roof according to the design requirements.

2. A method for integrating the construction of prefabricated concrete full-bucket brackets and main body of an antique building, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Prefabrication of brackets off-site 1) According to the overall structure of the bracket, the bracket is divided into the first layer, the second layer, ..., and the nth layer from bottom to top; the first layer is the sitting bracket, and each layer from the second layer to the nth layer is composed of multiple different components; the sitting bracket of the first layer is modeled using BIM technology, and each layer from the second layer to the (n-1)th layer is modeled using BIM technology, and each component of the nth layer is constructed and modeled using BIM technology; 2) Based on the established model, the manufacturer's CNC machine tool is used to generate each mold; the strength and precision of the mold meet the design requirements to ensure the accuracy of the size and shape of each part of the bracket; 3) Tie up the steel bars of each part of the bracket; ensure that the position and spacing of the steel bars meet the design requirements, the specifications and models of the steel bars are determined according to the requirements of the drawings, and the steel bars are connected by welding; 4) Pour concrete and use a small vibrating rod to compact it to ensure the quality of the concrete; the mix ratio of concrete is determined according to the design requirements; 5) The maintenance time of each part of the bracket shall be no less than 7 days to ensure that the strength of each part of the bracket meets the design requirements; S2. Assembly of brackets in the venue 1) Transport the first-layer bucket, the second to (n-1)th layers, and the components of the nth layer to the construction site and stack them in categories; 2) Lay out and assemble on a solid and flat ground, assemble the prefabricated second to (n-1) layers in layers, pay attention to adjusting the angle and position during installation, and ensure that each layer is connected as a whole through the form of "mortise and tenon joints"; after the second to (n-1) layers of the two parts of the full bucket are assembled, first place the two parts of the full bucket symmetrically, then horizontally overlap and flat weld the reserved steel bars of the corresponding layers of the two parts of the full bucket, then add a vertical steel bar in between, and finally spot weld the vertical steel bars to the reserved steel bars of each layer, so that the second to (n-1) layers of the two parts of the full bucket are connected as a whole, forming the second to (n-1) layers of the full bucket integral bracket; S3. Support system setup 1) Set up double-row scaffolding, and the erection of the scaffolding should comply with relevant specifications; the spacing between the vertical poles and the step distance of the horizontal poles of the scaffolding should be determined according to the spacing of the brackets and the construction load; 2) An adjustable support is set at the top of the scaffolding column to support the bracket. The height of the adjustable support is adjusted according to the installation height of the bracket to ensure the stability of the bracket. S4. Installation of brackets 1) Installation of the first layer bucket ① Transport the bucket to the casting surface of the shear wall of the main structure, adjust the positions of the two buckets so that the outer edge of the bottom of the bucket coincides with the edge of the shear wall, and the two buckets are symmetrically arranged. At least two vertical steel bars of the shear wall are accommodated between the two buckets, and the vertical steel bars are evenly distributed between the two buckets; after the two buckets are accurately positioned, square wood is set on both sides of the bucket perpendicular to the direction of the shear wall, and the mountain-shaped clamp is used to fix it parallel to the direction of the shear wall. After the reinforcement is completed, check the bucket to ensure accurate positioning; ② After the two buckets are accurately positioned, first overlap and flat weld the horizontal reserved steel bars of the two buckets to connect the two buckets as a whole, and then weld the overlapped and flat welded horizontal reserved steel bars to the vertical steel bars of the shear wall to ensure a firm connection between the two buckets and the shear wall; ③After the two buckets are installed, adjust and fix them to ensure that the horizontality and verticality of the two buckets meet the design requirements; 2) Overall hoisting of the second to (n-1)th layer of full-bucket integral brackets ① Install slings on both sides of the second to (n-1)th layers of the integral brackets, and place an iron shoulder pole between the two slings to ensure the verticality of the slings; use a crane to hoist the entire structure, and pay attention to safety during the hoisting process to avoid collision and damage to the second to (n-1)th layers of the integral brackets; ② Lift the second to (n-1)th layers of full-bucket integral brackets to the top of the two sitting brackets. Pass the middle of the second to (n-1)th layers of full-bucket integral brackets through the vertical reinforcement of the shear wall between the two sitting brackets. Slowly lower the crane hook. When it is 10 cm away from the sitting brackets, manually adjust the position of the second to (n-1)th layers of full-bucket integral brackets to ensure that the second to (n-1)th layers of full-bucket integral brackets are accurately located in the mortise and tenon joints of the two sitting brackets. ③ At this time, the crane does not release the hook, and adjusts the adjustable supports on the top of the double-row scaffolding columns respectively, and supports them at appropriate positions on both sides of the second to (n-1)th layers of full-bucket integral brackets. After the support system is adjusted, check the horizontality and verticality of the second to (n-1)th layers of full-bucket integral brackets. The crane slowly releases the hook to ensure that the second to (n-1)th layers of full-bucket integral brackets are accurately and stably in place; ④ Weld the reserved steel bars of each layer of the second to (n-1)th layers of the integral bracket to the vertical steel bars of the shear wall. At the same time, weld the vertical steel bars of the second to (n-1)th layers of the integral bracket to the horizontal reserved steel bars of the two seat brackets to ensure that the installed parts are connected to the shear wall as a whole; 3) Installation of components on the nth layer Install the components of the nth layer at the corresponding positions on the second to (n-1)th layer of the full-bucket integral bracket, and fill the gaps with fine stone concrete; S5. Main concrete construction of the arch layer 1) Template installation ① Template preparation Select 8mm high-strength cement fiberboard as the formwork material to ensure that the strength and rigidity of the formwork meet the construction requirements; Prepare the wooden planks and M14 wall screws. The wooden planks should be made of good quality and regular sized wood. The diameter and length of the M14 wall screws should be selected according to the thickness of the formwork and the lateral pressure of the concrete. ②Template installation Cut the 8mm high-strength cement fiberboard to the height from the bottom of the base to the top of the drawbar, and the width to the distance between the brackets, to ensure the template size is accurate; Install 8mm high-strength cement fiberboard on the inner and outer ends of the bracket eye; Cement supports are set inside the formwork with a spacing of no more than 600mm; two horizontal and one vertical wooden strips are installed on the inner and outer sides of the two 8mm high-strength cement fiber boards, holes are drilled on the two 8mm high-strength cement fiber boards and the vertical wooden strips, and tension bolts are installed. The tension bolts pass through the two 8mm high-strength cement fiber boards and the vertical wooden strips, and are fastened with mountain clips and nuts at both ends of the tension bolts; ③ After the installation of each template is completed, conduct a quality inspection to check whether the size of each template is accurate, whether the flatness and verticality meet the requirements; check whether the joints and corners of each template are tightly sealed and whether there is any leakage; check whether the tightness of the tension bolts and wooden slats meets the requirements and whether there is any looseness; 2) Concrete pouring After installing the formwork, concrete pouring is carried out, and a small vibrating rod is used to compact the concrete to ensure the quality of the concrete. After the concrete pouring is completed, the shear wall and prefabricated brackets are integrated. S6. Cover plate installation The cover board on the upper part of the bracket is paved with 20mm high-strength cement fiber board; S7. Roof structure construction After the slab is laid, the roof structure is constructed; the roof structure uses traditional wooden roof or modern steel structure roof according to the design requirements.

3. The construction method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In step S1-2), the inner surface of the mold is smoothed to facilitate demoulding.

4. The construction method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In step S1-4), the strength grade of the concrete is not less than C30.

5. The construction method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In step S1-5), the concrete strength of the bracket arch must reach more than 75% of the design strength before it can be transported.

6. The construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4-2)-①, first use a crane to conduct a trial hoisting. When the crane lifts the second to (n-1)th layer of half-bucket integral brackets 30 cm off the ground, it stays in the air for 3 minutes to observe the stability of the hoisting. When it is confirmed to be correct, start the overall hoisting.

7. The construction method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S4-2)-①, first use a crane to conduct an overall trial lift. When the crane lifts the second to (n-1)th layer of the whole bucket 30cm off the ground, it stays in the air for 3 minutes to observe the stability of the lifting. When it is confirmed that there is no error, start the overall lifting.

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