Inflatable transformer for offshore wind power tower cabin and operation method

Abstract

The invention relates to an inflatable transformer for an offshore wind power tower cabin and an operation method, and belongs to the technical field of transformer manufacturing. According to the technical scheme, gas is adopted as an insulating and cooling medium in a gas tank of the transformer, and the exterior of the transformer is composed of a high-voltage wire outlet system, a low-voltage wire outlet system, a cooling system, a pressure protection gas injection, deflation and taking system, a temperature measurement system, a burst pressure protection system and an intelligent control system; the cooling system adopts a strong gas water cooling mode; the transformer is provided with a burst pressure relay, a pressure density protection meter and a thermometer to monitor and protect a transformer body, and the intelligent control system adopts a PLC programmable intelligent control box to achieve intelligent control and protection of the cooling system. According to the transformer, gas serves as a cooling and insulating medium of the transformer, the transformer has the characteristics of being non-combustible and non-explosive, safety accidents caused by faults of the transformer are completely avoided, the inflatable transformer is used in an offshore wind power tower cabin, and operation safety of offshore wind power tower equipment is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an inflatable transformer for an offshore wind power tower cabin and an operating method thereof, belonging to the technical field of transformer manufacturing. Background Art

[0002] Wind power equipment is expensive, especially when built at sea. It is usually unmanned, and once a safety problem such as fire or explosion occurs, it is difficult to deal with it in time. In order to improve the safety of offshore wind power towers, the existing offshore wind power tower cabin transformers generally use synthetic ester insulating oil with a higher flash point as the transformer medium, for example: Chinese patent CN202220769493.5, named "A high-flash point oil transformer for large-capacity offshore wind turbines" and CN202310614076.2, named "A double oil storage cabinet structure for offshore wind power oil-immersed transformers", etc. The flash point of synthetic ester insulating oil is relatively high, reaching about 300°C. Although it suppresses the risk of fire to a certain extent and improves the safety of transformer use, it is ultimately an oil ester substance and still has the potential risk of combustion and explosion. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an inflatable transformer for an offshore wind power tower cabin and an operating method. The transformer uses gas as the transformer cooling and insulation medium, has the characteristics of being non-flammable and non-explosive, completely avoids safety accidents caused by transformer failure, and solves the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is: An inflatable transformer for an offshore wind power tower nacelle, the transformer body consists of a transformer gas box and a body, the body is installed inside the transformer gas box, and includes a transformer core, a coil and a lead wire, and gas is used as an insulating and cooling medium inside the transformer gas box, and the gas is one of the following gases: SF 6 Gas; C 4 F 7 N gas and CO 2 、N 2 , O 2 Mixed gas; C 5 F 10 O and CO 2 、N 2 , O 2Mixed gas; the outside of the transformer is composed of a high-voltage outlet system, a low-voltage outlet system, a cooling system, a pressure protection gas injection and release system, a temperature measurement system, a sudden pressure protection system and an intelligent control system; the structure of the high-voltage outlet system is: the high-voltage side of the transformer is directly connected to the high-voltage cable through a high-voltage elbow connector and a high-voltage lightning arrester; the structure of the low-voltage outlet system is: the low-voltage side of the transformer is connected to the low-voltage busbar through a bushing; the cooling system adopts a strong gas water cooling method; the transformer is equipped with a sudden pressure relay, a pressure density protection meter and a thermometer to monitor and protect the transformer body, and the intelligent control system adopts a PLC programmable intelligent control box to realize intelligent control and protection of the cooling system.

[0005] The cooling system is composed of multiple sets of coolers with the same structure, which realize the transfer of heat from the inside of the transformer to the outside when the transformer is running.

[0006] The cooling system comprises two sets of left and right coolers of the same structure. The left cooler comprises a cooling system isolation valve 1, a cooling system isolation valve 2, a cooling system upper connecting pipe 1, a cooling system air-water heat exchanger 1, a cooling system air pump 1, a cooling system lower connecting pipe 1 and a cooling system injection and discharge valve 1. The upper and lower parts of the transformer body are respectively connected to the cooling system air-water heat exchanger 1 through the cooling system upper connecting pipe 1 and the cooling system lower connecting pipe 1. The cooling system upper connecting pipe 1 and the cooling system lower connecting pipe 1 are respectively provided with a cooling system isolation valve 1 and a cooling system isolation valve 1. 2. Isolate the transformer body from the cooling system air-water heat exchanger 1, and a cooling system air pump 1 is provided on the cooling system lower connecting pipe 1; a cooling system injection and discharge air valve 1 is provided on the cooling system lower connecting pipe 1, and the cooling system injection and discharge air valve 1 is used for separate vacuuming and gas injection operations of the gas inside the cooling system; the right cooler comprises a cooling system isolation valve 3, a cooling system isolation valve 4, a cooling system upper connecting pipe 2, a cooling system air-water heat exchanger 2, a cooling system air pump 2, a cooling system lower connecting pipe 2 and a cooling system injection and discharge air valve 2, and has the same functions as the left cooler.

[0007] The pressure protection gas injection and release gas extraction system is composed of a pressure density protection gauge, a body gas injection and release isolation valve, a body gas injection and release pipeline and a body gas injection and release valve arranged on the transformer body, so as to monitor the gas pressure and density inside the transformer and meet the requirements of replacement and inspection of the pressure density protection gauge.

[0008] The temperature measurement system is composed of a thermometer probe, a thermometer capillary and a thermometer terminal arranged on the transformer body, and realizes real-time monitoring of the gas temperature at the top of the transformer to ensure the operating state of the transformer.

[0009] The sudden pressure protection system is composed of a sudden pressure relay, a sudden pressure relay connecting pipe and a sudden pressure relay isolation valve arranged on the transformer body. The sudden pressure relay is arranged on the transformer body through the sudden pressure relay connecting pipe, and the sudden pressure relay isolation valve is arranged on the sudden pressure relay connecting pipe to realize the monitoring of internal faults of the transformer.

[0010] The intelligent control system installs the PLC programmable intelligent control in the PLC programmable intelligent terminal control box to realize the intelligent control of the transformer cooling system. The transformer of the present invention has the safety performance of non-flammability and non-explosion, which can completely solve the demand for the safety performance of the transformer in the background technology and protect the offshore wind power equipment.

[0011] An operating method of the above-mentioned gas-filled transformer for offshore wind power tower nacelle, wherein gas is used as an insulating and cooling medium inside the transformer, and the gas is one of the following gases: SF 6 Gas; C 4 F 7 N gas and CO 2 、N 2 , O 2 Mixed gas; C 5 F 10 O and CO 2 、N 2 , O 2 Mixed gas; the low-voltage side of the transformer is connected to the low-voltage bus through the bushing and led out, and the high-voltage side is led out through the high-voltage elbow connector and the high-voltage lightning arrester; the cooling system is composed of multiple sets of coolers; the pressure density protection gauge, the main body injection and discharge isolation valve, the main body injection and discharge pipeline and the main body injection and discharge valve constitute the transformer pressure protection injection and discharge gas extraction system; the thermometer probe, the thermometer capillary and the thermometer terminal constitute the transformer temperature measurement system; the sudden pressure relay, the sudden pressure relay connecting pipe and the sudden pressure relay isolation valve constitute the sudden pressure protection system; the PLC programmable intelligent terminal control box realizes the intelligent control of the cooling system.

[0012] The cooling system comprises two sets of left and right coolers with the same structure. The left cooler comprises a cooling system isolation valve 1, a cooling system isolation valve 2, a cooling system upper connecting pipe 1, a cooling system air-water heat exchanger 1, a cooling system air pump 1, a cooling system lower connecting pipe 1 and a cooling system injection and discharge valve 1. The upper and lower parts of the transformer body are respectively connected to the cooling system air-water heat exchanger 1 through the cooling system upper connecting pipe 1 and the cooling system lower connecting pipe 1. The cooling system upper connecting pipe 1 and the cooling system lower connecting pipe 1 are respectively provided with a cooling system isolation valve 1 and a cooling system isolation valve 2 to isolate the transformer body from the cooling system air-water heat exchanger 1. The cooling system lower connecting pipe 1 is provided with a cooling system air pump 1. The cooling system lower connecting pipe 1 A cooling system injection and release valve 1 is provided on pipe 1, and the cooling system injection and release valve 1 is used for separate vacuuming and gas injection operations of the gas inside the cooling system; when the transformer is operating normally, the cooling system isolation valve 1 and the cooling system isolation valve 2 are in a normally open state; when the cooling system air-water heat exchanger 1 and the cooling system air pump 1 fail or are undergoing maintenance, the cooling system isolation valve 1 and the cooling system isolation valve 2 are closed, and when the gas inside the transformer body does not move, a small amount of gas in the left cooler is recovered through the cooling system injection and release valve 1, and after the maintenance is completed, vacuuming and gas injection are performed through the cooling system injection and release valve 1, and finally the cooling system isolation valve 1 and the cooling system isolation valve 2 are opened, and the transformer is completely restored to normal; The right cooler comprises cooling system isolation valve three, cooling system isolation valve four, cooling system upper connecting pipe two, cooling system air-water heat exchanger two, cooling system air pump two, cooling system lower connecting pipe two and cooling system injection and discharge valve two, and has the same function as the left cooler. Multiple groups of coolers with the same structure can be installed according to the capacity of the transformer.

[0013] The pressure protection, injection and discharge gas extraction system is formed by the pressure density protection gauge, the main body injection and discharge gas isolation valve, the main body injection and discharge gas pipeline and the main body injection and discharge gas valve to perform pressure protection, injection and discharge gas and gas extraction on the transformer. When the transformer is in normal operation, the main body injection and discharge gas isolation valve is in a normally open state, the main body injection and discharge gas valve is in a normally closed state, the main body injection and discharge gas pipeline is connected to the gas path of the transformer body, and the gas pressure and density of the transformer gas chamber are monitored by the pressure density protection gauge connected to the main body injection and discharge gas pipeline. Once there is a leakage, an alarm or trip signal is issued when the gas density drops to a certain level. When the gas pressure increases to a certain level, a high pressure alarm signal is also issued. The transformer body can be checked by the main body injection and discharge gas valve The gas inside the body is sampled and analyzed to determine the operating status of the transformer. When the transformer needs to be repaired, the gas inside the transformer body can be recovered through the main body injection and discharge valve. After the repair is completed, the transformer is vacuumed and gas-injected through the main body injection and discharge valve. When the pressure density protection gauge fails or needs to be disassembled for calibration, the main body injection and discharge isolation valve can be closed, and a small amount of gas in the main body injection and discharge pipeline can be recovered through the main body injection and discharge valve. Then the pressure density protection gauge is removed, and the pressure density protection gauge is replaced or reinstalled after calibration. The main body injection and discharge pipeline is vacuumed and gas is injected, the main body injection and discharge valve is closed, and the main body injection and discharge isolation valve is opened to put the transformer into normal operation.

[0014] The temperature measurement system of the transformer is composed of a thermometer probe, a thermometer capillary and a thermometer terminal. The thermometer probe is inserted into the transformer body from the top of the transformer body to detect the temperature of the gas at the top of the transformer. The thermometer capillary connects the thermometer probe and the thermometer terminal to transmit the temperature of the top gas of the transformer detected by the thermometer probe to the thermometer terminal and display it intuitively. When the temperature of the top gas of the transformer is too high, the thermometer terminal sends an alarm signal.

[0015] The sudden pressure protection system consists of a sudden pressure relay, a sudden pressure relay connecting pipe and a sudden pressure relay isolation valve. When the transformer is operating normally, the sudden pressure relay isolation valve is in the normally open state. When there is a fault inside the transformer, the sudden pressure relay sends a trip signal. When the sudden pressure relay is replaced, the sudden pressure relay isolation valve can be closed, and then opened again after the replacement is completed to enter normal operation.

[0016] The PLC programmable intelligent terminal control box can intelligently control the start and stop of the air pump of the transformer cooling system, and at the same time concentrate the secondary protection terminals of the transformer in the terminal control box for users to use.

[0017] The positive effects of the present invention are as follows: the transformer uses gas as the transformer cooling and insulation medium, which has the characteristics of being non-flammable and non-explosive, completely avoiding safety accidents caused by transformer failure, making the use of the transformer safer and more reliable. The inflatable transformer is used in the offshore wind power tower cabin, which can completely avoid the risk of fire and explosion caused by transformer failure, and ensure the safe operation of the offshore wind power tower equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a front view of a transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a top view of a transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a side view of a transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A three-dimensional view of a transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention; In the figure: transformer body 1; low-voltage bushing 1 21, low-voltage bushing 2 22, low-voltage bushing 3 23, low-voltage bushing 4 24; high-voltage elbow coupler 1 31, high-voltage elbow coupler 2 32, high-voltage elbow coupler 3 33; high-voltage lightning arrester 1 41, high-voltage lightning arrester 2 42, high-voltage lightning arrester 3 43; cooling system isolation valve 1 51, cooling system isolation valve 2 56, cooling system isolation valve 3 61, cooling system isolation valve 4 66; cooling system upper connecting pipe 1 52, cooling system upper connecting pipe 2 62; cooling system air-water heat exchanger 1 53, cooling system air-water Heat exchanger 2 63; cooling system air pump 1 54, cooling system air pump 2 64; cooling system lower connecting pipe 1 55, cooling system lower connecting pipe 2 65; cooling system injection and discharge valve 1 57, cooling system injection and discharge valve 2 67; pressure density protection meter 71; main body injection and discharge isolation valve 72; main body injection and discharge pipeline 73; main body injection and discharge valve 74; thermometer probe 81; thermometer capillary 82; thermometer terminal 83; sudden pressure relay 91; sudden pressure relay connecting pipe 92; sudden pressure relay isolation valve 93; PLC programmable intelligent terminal control box 10. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention will be further described below through embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0020] An inflatable transformer for an offshore wind power tower nacelle, wherein the transformer body 1 is composed of a transformer gas box and a body, the body being installed inside the transformer gas box and including a transformer core, a coil and a lead wire, and gas is used as an insulating and cooling medium inside the transformer gas box, wherein the gas is one of the following gases: SF 6 Gas; C 4 F 7 N gas and CO 2 、N 2 , O 2Mixed gas; C 5 F 10 O and CO 2 、N 2 , O 2 Mixed gas; the outside of the transformer is composed of a high-voltage outlet system, a low-voltage outlet system, a cooling system, a pressure protection gas injection and release system, a temperature measurement system, a sudden pressure protection system and an intelligent control system; the structure of the high-voltage outlet system is: the high-voltage side of the transformer is directly connected to the high-voltage cable through a high-voltage elbow connector and a high-voltage lightning arrester; the structure of the low-voltage outlet system is: the low-voltage side of the transformer is connected to the low-voltage busbar through a bushing; the cooling system adopts a strong gas water cooling method; the transformer is equipped with a sudden pressure relay, a pressure density protection meter and a thermometer to monitor and protect the transformer body, and the intelligent control system adopts a PLC programmable intelligent control box to realize intelligent control and protection of the cooling system.

[0021] The cooling system is composed of multiple sets of coolers with the same structure, which realize the transfer of heat from the inside of the transformer to the outside when the transformer is running.

[0022] The pressure protection gas injection and release system is composed of a pressure density protection gauge 71, a body gas injection and release isolation valve 72, a body gas injection and release pipeline 73 and a body gas injection and release valve 74 arranged on the transformer body 1, which can monitor the gas pressure and density inside the transformer and meet the requirements of replacement and inspection of the pressure density protection gauge.

[0023] The temperature measurement system is composed of a thermometer probe 81, a thermometer capillary 82 and a thermometer terminal 83 arranged on the transformer body 1, and realizes real-time monitoring of the gas temperature at the top of the transformer to ensure the operating status of the transformer.

[0024] The sudden pressure protection system is composed of a sudden pressure relay 91, a sudden pressure relay connecting pipe 92 and a sudden pressure relay isolation valve 93 arranged on the transformer body 1, so as to realize the monitoring of internal faults of the transformer.

[0025] The intelligent control system installs the PLC programmable intelligent control in the PLC programmable intelligent terminal control box 10 to realize the intelligent control of the transformer cooling system. The transformer of the present invention has the safety performance of non-flammability and non-explosion, which can completely solve the demand for the safety performance of the transformer in the background technology and protect the offshore wind power equipment.

[0026] A method for operating the above-mentioned gas-filled transformer for the offshore wind power tower nacelle, wherein gas is used as the insulating and cooling medium inside the transformer, and the gas is one of the following gases: SF 6 Gas; C 4 F 7 N gas and CO 2 、N 2, O 2 Mixed gas; C 5 F 10 O and CO 2 、N 2 , O 2 Mixed gas; the low-voltage side of the transformer is connected to the low-voltage bus through the bushing and led out, and the high-voltage side is led out through the high-voltage elbow connector and the high-voltage lightning arrester; the cooling system is composed of multiple sets of coolers; the pressure density protection gauge 71, the main body injection and release gas isolation valve 72, the main body injection and release gas pipeline 73 and the main body injection and release gas valve 74 constitute the transformer pressure protection injection and release gas extraction system; the thermometer probe 81, the thermometer capillary 82 and the thermometer terminal 83 constitute the transformer temperature measurement system; the sudden pressure relay 91, the sudden pressure relay connecting pipe 92 and the sudden pressure relay isolation valve 93 constitute the sudden pressure protection system; the PLC programmable intelligent terminal control box 10 realizes the intelligent control of the cooling system.

[0027] In this embodiment, the transformer body 1 is composed of a transformer gas box, a body (a transformer core, a coil, a lead wire, etc. installed inside the transformer gas box), and a gas (the transformer gas box is filled with SF 6 gas) composition.

[0028] In an embodiment, the coil inside the transformer body 1 includes a low-voltage coil and a high-voltage coil. The low-voltage coil inside the transformer body 1 is connected to the parts of the low-voltage bushing 1 21, the low-voltage bushing 22, the low-voltage bushing 3 23 and the low-voltage bushing 4 24 inside the transformer through leads, respectively. The connection output of the live part of the transformer is realized through the low-voltage bushing 1 21, the low-voltage bushing 22, the low-voltage bushing 3 23 and the low-voltage bushing 4 24, while satisfying the isolation between the inside of the transformer body and the external atmosphere. The high-voltage coil inside the transformer body 1 is connected to the high-voltage elbow connector 1 31, the high-voltage elbow connector 2 32 and the high-voltage elbow connector 3 33 through the lead wire, and is connected to the parts of the high-voltage lightning arrester 1 41, the high-voltage lightning arrester 2 42 and the high-voltage lightning arrester 3 43 inside the transformer. Finally, the high-voltage cable is connected through the high-voltage elbow connector 1 31, the high-voltage elbow connector 2 32 and the high-voltage elbow connector 3 33 to realize the connection output of the live part of the transformer, while satisfying the isolation of the transformer body and the external atmosphere. The low-voltage bushing, the high-voltage elbow connector and the high-voltage lightning arrester are all well-known and commonly used components in the art.

[0029] In the embodiment, the cooling system comprises two sets of left and right coolers of the same structure. The left cooler comprises a cooling system isolation valve 51, a cooling system isolation valve 56, an upper cooling system connecting pipe 52, a cooling system air-water heat exchanger 53, a cooling system air pump 54, a lower cooling system connecting pipe 55 and a cooling system injection and release valve 57. The upper and lower parts of the transformer body 1 are respectively connected to the cooling system air-water heat exchanger 53 through the upper cooling system connecting pipe 52 and the lower cooling system connecting pipe 55. The upper cooling system connecting pipe 52 and the lower cooling system connecting pipe 55 are respectively provided with a cooling system isolation valve 51 and a cooling system isolation valve 2 56 to isolate the transformer body 1 from the cooling system air-water heat exchanger 53. The lower cooling system connecting pipe 55 is provided with a cooling system air pump 54. The lower cooling system connecting pipe 55 is provided with a cooling system injection and release valve 57. The cooling system injection and release valve 57 is used for separate vacuuming and gas injection operations of the gas inside the cooling system.

[0030] When the transformer is operating normally, the cooling system isolation valve 51 and the cooling system isolation valve 2 56 are in a normally open state; when the cooling system air-water heat exchanger 53 and the cooling system air pump 54 fail or are under maintenance, the cooling system isolation valve 51 and the cooling system isolation valve 2 56 are closed, and when the gas inside the transformer body 1 does not move, a small amount of gas in the left cooler is recovered through the cooling system injection and release valve 57. After the maintenance is completed, the cooling system injection and release valve 57 is used to evacuate and inject gas, and finally the cooling system isolation valve 51 and the cooling system isolation valve 2 56 are opened, and the transformer is completely restored to normal.

[0031] The right cooler includes cooling system isolation valve three 61, cooling system isolation valve four 66, cooling system upper connecting pipe two 62, cooling system air-water heat exchanger two 63, cooling system air pump two 64, cooling system lower connecting pipe two 65 and cooling system injection and discharge valve two 67. It has the same function as the left cooler. Multiple groups of coolers with the same structure can be installed according to the capacity of the transformer.

[0032] In this embodiment, a pressure protection, gas injection and discharge gas extraction system is formed by a pressure density protection gauge 71, a main body gas injection and discharge isolation valve 72, a main body gas injection and discharge pipeline 73 and a main body gas injection and discharge valve 74 to perform pressure protection, gas injection and discharge and gas extraction on the transformer. When the transformer is in normal operation, the main body gas injection and discharge isolation valve 72 is in a normally open state, the main body gas injection and discharge valve 74 is in a normally closed state, the main body gas injection and discharge pipeline 73 is connected to the gas path of the transformer body, and the gas pressure and density of the transformer gas chamber are monitored by the pressure density protection gauge 71 connected to the main body gas injection and discharge pipeline 73. Once there is a leakage, an alarm or trip signal is issued when the gas density drops to a certain level, and a high pressure alarm signal is also issued when the gas pressure increases to a certain level; the transformer can be shut down by the main body gas injection and discharge valve 74 The gas inside the transformer body is sampled and analyzed to determine the operating status inside the transformer; when the transformer needs to be overhauled, the gas inside the transformer body can be recovered through the main body injection and discharge valve 74, and the transformer can be vacuumed and gas-injected through the main body injection and discharge valve 74 after the overhaul is completed; when the pressure density protection gauge 71 fails or needs to be disassembled for calibration, the main body injection and discharge isolation valve 72 can be closed, and a small amount of gas in the main body injection and discharge pipeline 73 can be recovered through the main body injection and discharge valve 74, and then the pressure density protection gauge 71 can be removed, and the pressure density protection gauge 71 can be replaced or reinstalled after calibration, and the main body injection and discharge pipeline 73 can be vacuumed and gas-injected, the main body injection and discharge valve 74 can be closed, and the main body injection and discharge isolation valve 72 can be opened to put the transformer into normal operating state.

[0033] In this embodiment, the temperature measurement system of the transformer is composed of a thermometer probe 81, a thermometer capillary 82 and a thermometer terminal 83. The thermometer probe 81 is inserted into the transformer body from the top of the transformer body 1 to detect the temperature of the gas at the top of the transformer. The thermometer capillary 82 connects the thermometer probe 81 and the thermometer terminal 83 to transmit the temperature of the top gas of the transformer detected by the thermometer probe 81 to the thermometer terminal 83 and display it intuitively. When the temperature of the top gas of the transformer is too high, the thermometer terminal 83 sends an alarm signal.

[0034] In this embodiment, a sudden pressure protection system is composed of a sudden pressure relay 91, a sudden pressure relay connecting pipe 92 and a sudden pressure relay isolation valve 93. When the transformer is operating normally, the sudden pressure relay isolation valve 93 is in a normally open state. When there is a fault inside the transformer, the sudden pressure relay sends a tripping signal. When the sudden pressure relay is replaced, the sudden pressure relay isolation valve 93 can be closed, and then opened again after the replacement is completed to enter a normal operating state.

[0035] In this embodiment, the PLC programmable intelligent terminal control box 10 can intelligently control the start and stop of the air pump of the transformer cooling system, and at the same time concentrate the secondary protection terminals of the transformer in the terminal control box for users to use.

[0036] The inflatable transformer for the offshore wind power tower cabin provided by the present invention can completely meet the safety requirements of its use environment.

Claims

1. An inflatable transformer for an offshore wind power tower nacelle, characterized in that: The transformer body (1) is composed of a transformer gas box and a transformer body. The transformer body is installed inside the transformer gas box and contains a transformer core, a coil and a lead wire. The transformer gas box uses gas as an insulating and cooling medium. The gas is one of the following gases: SF6 gas; C4F7N gas and a mixed gas of CO2, N2 and O2; C5F 10 O and CO2, N2, O2 mixed gas; the outside of the transformer is composed of a high-voltage outlet system, a low-voltage outlet system, a cooling system, a pressure protection gas injection and release system, a temperature measurement system, a sudden pressure protection system and an intelligent control system; the structure of the high-voltage outlet system is: the high-voltage side of the transformer is directly connected to the high-voltage cable through a high-voltage elbow connector and a high-voltage lightning arrester; the structure of the low-voltage outlet system is: the low-voltage side of the transformer is connected to the low-voltage bus through a bushing; the cooling system adopts a strong gas water cooling method; the transformer is equipped with a sudden pressure relay, a pressure density protection meter and a thermometer to monitor and protect the transformer body, and the intelligent control system adopts a PLC programmable intelligent control box to realize intelligent control and protection of the cooling system.

2. The inflatable transformer for an offshore wind power tower nacelle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling system is composed of multiple sets of coolers with the same structure, which realize the transfer of heat from the inside of the transformer to the outside when the transformer is running.

3. The inflatable transformer for offshore wind power tower nacelle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cooling system comprises two sets of left and right coolers of identical structure. The left cooler comprises a cooling system isolation valve (51), a cooling system isolation valve (56), a cooling system upper connecting pipe (52), a cooling system air-water heat exchanger (53), a cooling system air pump (54), a cooling system lower connecting pipe (55) and a cooling system injection and discharge valve (57). The upper and lower parts of the transformer body (1) are connected to the cooling system air-water heat exchanger (53) through the cooling system upper connecting pipe (52) and the cooling system lower connecting pipe (55), respectively. The cooling system upper connecting pipe (52) and the cooling system lower connecting pipe (55) are respectively provided with a cooling system isolation valve (51) and a cooling system isolation valve (2). 56) The transformer body (1) is isolated from the cooling system air-water heat exchanger (53); a cooling system air pump (54) is provided on the cooling system lower connecting pipe (55); a cooling system air injection and release valve (57) is provided on the cooling system lower connecting pipe (55); the cooling system air injection and release valve (57) is used for separate vacuum extraction and air injection operations of the gas inside the cooling system; the right cooler comprises a cooling system isolation valve (61), a cooling system isolation valve (66), a cooling system upper connecting pipe (62), a cooling system air-water heat exchanger (63), a cooling system air pump (64), a cooling system lower connecting pipe (65) and a cooling system air injection and release valve (67), and has the same functions as the left cooler.

4. The inflatable transformer for an offshore wind power tower nacelle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The pressure protection gas injection and release gas extraction system is composed of a pressure density protection gauge (71) arranged on a transformer body (1), a body gas injection and release isolation valve (72), a body gas injection and release pipeline (73) and a body gas injection and release valve (74), so as to monitor the gas pressure and density inside the transformer and simultaneously meet the requirements of replacement and inspection of the pressure density protection gauge.

5. The inflatable transformer for an offshore wind power tower nacelle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The temperature measurement system is composed of a thermometer probe (81), a thermometer capillary (82) and a thermometer terminal (83) arranged on the transformer body (1), and realizes real-time monitoring of the gas temperature at the top of the transformer to ensure the operating state of the transformer.

6. The inflatable transformer for an offshore wind power tower nacelle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The sudden pressure protection system comprises a sudden pressure relay (91), a sudden pressure relay connecting pipe (92) and a sudden pressure relay isolating valve (93) arranged on a transformer body 1. The sudden pressure relay (91) is arranged on the transformer body (1) via the sudden pressure relay connecting pipe (92), and the sudden pressure relay isolating valve (93) is arranged on the sudden pressure relay connecting pipe (92), so as to realize monitoring of internal faults of the transformer.

7. An operating method of an inflatable transformer for an offshore wind power tower nacelle according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The transformer uses gas as the insulation and cooling medium, and the gas is one of the following gases: SF6 gas; C4F7N gas and CO2, N2, O2 mixed gas; C5F 10 O and CO2, N2, O2 mixed gas; the transformer low-voltage side is connected to the low-voltage busbar through the bushing and led out, and the high-voltage side is led out through the high-voltage elbow connector and the high-voltage lightning arrester; the cooling system is composed of multiple sets of coolers; the pressure density protection gauge (71), the main body injection and release gas isolation valve (72), the main body injection and release gas pipeline (73) and the main body injection and release gas valve (74) constitute the transformer pressure protection injection and release gas extraction system; the thermometer probe (81), the thermometer capillary (82) and the thermometer terminal (83) constitute the transformer temperature measurement system; the sudden pressure relay (91), the sudden pressure relay connecting pipe (92) and the sudden pressure relay isolation valve (93) constitute the sudden pressure protection system; the PLC programmable intelligent terminal control box (10) realizes the intelligent control of the cooling system.

8. The method for operating an inflatable transformer for an offshore wind power tower nacelle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cooling system comprises two sets of left and right coolers of the same structure. The left cooler comprises a cooling system isolation valve (51), a cooling system isolation valve (56), a cooling system upper connecting pipe (52), a cooling system air-water heat exchanger (53), a cooling system air pump (54), a cooling system lower connecting pipe (55) and a cooling system injection and discharge valve (57). The upper and lower parts of the transformer body (1) are connected to the cooling system air-water heat exchanger through the cooling system upper connecting pipe (52) and the cooling system lower connecting pipe (55), respectively. The transformer body (1) is connected to the cooling system air-water heat exchanger (53); the cooling system upper connecting pipe (52) and the cooling system lower connecting pipe (55) are respectively provided with a cooling system isolation valve (51) and a cooling system isolation valve (56) to isolate the transformer body (1) from the cooling system air-water heat exchanger (53); the cooling system lower connecting pipe (55) is provided with a cooling system air pump (54); the cooling system lower connecting pipe (55) is provided with a cooling system injection and discharge valve (57), and the cooling system injection and discharge valve (57) is used to separate the gas inside the cooling system. Vacuuming and gas injection operations; when the transformer is operating normally, the cooling system isolation valve 1 (51) and the cooling system isolation valve 2 (56) are in a normally open state; when the cooling system air-water heat exchanger 1 (53) and the cooling system air pump 1 (54) fail or are undergoing maintenance, the cooling system isolation valve 1 (51) and the cooling system isolation valve 2 (56) are closed, and when the gas inside the transformer body (1) remains stationary, a small amount of gas in the left cooler is recovered through the cooling system gas injection and release valve 1 (57), and after the maintenance is completed, the gas is returned to the cooler through the cooling system gas injection and release valve 1 (57). The cooling system injection and release valve 1 (57) is used for vacuuming and gas injection, and finally the cooling system isolation valve 1 (51) and the cooling system isolation valve 2 (56) are opened, and the transformer is completely restored to normal state; the right cooler comprises a cooling system isolation valve 3 (61), a cooling system isolation valve 4 (66), a cooling system upper connecting pipe 2 (62), a cooling system air-water heat exchanger 2 (63), a cooling system air pump 2 (64), a cooling system lower connecting pipe 2 (65) and a cooling system injection and release valve 2 (67), and has the same functions as the left cooler.

9. The method for operating an inflatable transformer for an offshore wind power tower nacelle according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: the transformer Under normal operating conditions, the main body gas injection and discharge isolation valve (72) is in a normally open state, the main body gas injection and discharge valve (74) is in a normally closed state, the main body gas injection and discharge pipeline (73) is connected to the gas path of the transformer body, and the gas pressure and density of the transformer gas chamber are monitored through the pressure density protection meter (71) connected to the main body gas injection and discharge pipeline (73). Once there is leakage, an alarm or trip signal is issued when the gas density decreases to a certain level, and a high pressure alarm signal is also issued when the gas pressure increases to a certain level; the gas inside the transformer body can be sampled and analyzed through the main body gas injection and discharge valve (74) to determine the internal operating state of the transformer; when the transformer needs to be repaired, this can be used to The body injection and release valve (74) recovers gas inside the transformer body. After the inspection and repair is completed, the transformer is vacuumed and gas-filled through the body injection and release valve (74). When the pressure density protection gauge (71) fails or needs to be disassembled for calibration, the body injection and release isolation valve (72) can be closed, and a small amount of gas in the body injection and release pipeline (73) can be recovered through the body injection and release valve (74). Then, the pressure density protection gauge (71) is removed, and the pressure density protection gauge (71) is replaced or reinstalled after calibration. The body injection and release pipeline (73) is vacuumed and gas-filled, the body injection and release valve (74) is closed, and the body injection and release isolation valve (72) is opened to put the transformer into normal operation.

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